A clamping mechanism for preventing the generation of dust

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of anti-pad dirt clamping mechanisms, it is related to positioning tool technical field, at least including base plate, the base plate is equipped with positioning column, drive cylinder, optical axis, sliding guide sleeve and gas detection mechanism;The lower end of the positioning column penetrates base plate and is fixedly connected with base plate, and a row of exhaust passages are penetrated from top to bottom in positioning column;The sliding guide sleeve penetrates base plate and is fixedly connected with base plate, and the optical axis passes through sliding guide sleeve and is slidably connected with sliding guide sleeve, and the upper end of optical axis is fixed with a transverse pressing plate, the pressing plate is located above positioning column, and the lower end of optical axis is fixed with a transverse lifting plate;The drive cylinder is located between base plate and lifting plate;The gas detection mechanism is located between base plate and lifting plate.The application is to solve the problem that existing parts are machined due to uneven clamping of pad dirt, leading to poor machining and product scrap, and proposes an anti-pad dirt clamping mechanism that can detect whether the parts are clamped with pad dirt during clamping, thereby reducing the product scrap rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of positioning tooling technology, and in particular to a clamping mechanism for preventing padding chips. Background Technology

[0002] Machining gearbox housings typically involves using a machining center, where the parts are clamped at three points using a fixture before machining. However, aluminum shavings can easily remain at the clamping points during the clamping process. This can cause uneven clamping due to the aluminum shavings, leading to machining defects and ultimately resulting in product scrap. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem of poor processing and product scrap caused by uneven clamping of padding during the processing of existing parts, the present invention proposes an anti-padding clamping mechanism that can detect whether the part has padding during clamping, thereby reducing the product scrap rate.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a clamping mechanism for preventing padding chips, comprising at least a base plate, wherein the base plate is provided with a positioning post, a driving cylinder, an optical axis, a sliding guide sleeve and an air detection mechanism;

[0005] The lower end of the positioning post penetrates through the substrate and is fixedly connected to the substrate. An exhaust channel is provided inside the positioning post from top to bottom.

[0006] The sliding guide sleeve passes through the substrate and is fixedly connected to the substrate. The optical axis passes through the sliding guide sleeve and is slidably engaged with the sliding guide sleeve. A horizontal pressure plate is fixed at the upper end of the optical axis. The pressure plate is located above the positioning post. A horizontal lifting plate is fixed at the lower end of the optical axis.

[0007] The driving cylinder is located between the base plate and the lifting plate. The rear end of the cylinder body is fixed to the lifting plate, and the front end of the piston rod is fixed to the base plate. The driving cylinder can drive the lifting plate, the optical axis and the pressure plate to move up and down.

[0008] The gas detection mechanism is located between the base plate and the lifting plate. The gas detection mechanism includes at least a sleeve. The upper end of the sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the base plate. The sleeve is provided with an upper retaining ring, a piston and a positioning ring from top to bottom. The upper retaining ring and the positioning ring are sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve. The piston and the inner wall of the sleeve are in sliding sealing fit. An air storage chamber is formed between the upper retaining ring and the piston.

[0009] An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the side wall of the sleeve. The air inlet and the air outlet are both located between the upper retaining ring and the piston and are connected to the air storage chamber. A one-way valve is provided at the outer opening of the air inlet. The one-way valve can pass from the outside of the sleeve to the inside of the sleeve. The outer opening of the air outlet is connected to the lower opening of the exhaust channel of the positioning column through an air pipe. A valve is provided on the air pipe.

[0010] An indicator rod is fixed to the top of the piston. The indicator rod passes through the upper retaining ring and the base plate, and the indicator rod and the upper retaining ring are in a sliding seal fit. A piston return spring is provided at the bottom of the piston. The upper end of the piston return spring abuts against the bottom of the piston, and the lower end abuts against the top of the positioning ring. A piston pull-down release mechanism is also provided below the piston.

[0011] Preferably, the piston pull-down release mechanism is as follows: a pull rod is fixed on the lifting plate located below the sleeve. The pull rod is arranged parallel to the optical axis, and the central axis of the pull rod coincides with the central axis of the sleeve. The pull rod is provided with an outward protrusion in the circumferential direction. The diameter of the outward protrusion is larger than the diameter of the pull rod. The upper and lower ends of the outward protrusion are connected to the side wall of the pull rod through a conical surface.

[0012] A lower retaining ring is also fixed inside the sleeve, and the lower retaining ring is located below the positioning ring; a connecting rod is fixed to the bottom of the piston, the connecting rod passes through the positioning ring, and a pull rod docking mechanism is fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod;

[0013] The pull rod docking mechanism is located between the positioning ring and the lower stop ring. The pull rod docking mechanism includes a positioning sleeve and a sliding sleeve. The upper end of the positioning sleeve is fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod. The lower end of the positioning sleeve is open. The upper end of the pull rod can pass through the lower stop ring and be inserted into the positioning sleeve. Several strip holes are opened on the side wall of the positioning sleeve. Each strip hole is arranged along the length direction of the positioning sleeve. Each strip hole is provided with a ball. The diameter of the ball is larger than the wall thickness of the positioning sleeve. The ball can move in the corresponding strip hole. The sliding sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the positioning sleeve. The sliding sleeve and the positioning sleeve are slidably connected. A downward pressure spring is provided on the upper side of the sliding sleeve. A downward movement anti-disengagement mechanism of the sliding sleeve is provided between the sliding sleeve and the positioning sleeve. When the sliding sleeve moves down relative to the positioning sleeve to the lowest limit position, the bottom of the sliding sleeve is lower than the bottom of the positioning sleeve. An inner protrusion is provided circumferentially on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve. The inner diameter of the inner protrusion is smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve. The upper and lower ends of the inner protrusion are transitionally connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve through a conical surface.

[0014] The distance between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve and the outer wall of the positioning sleeve is less than the diameter of the ball, the distance between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve is greater than the diameter of the ball, and the inner diameter of the inner convex part of the sliding sleeve matches the outer diameter of the positioning sleeve.

[0015] The distance between the outer wall of the pull rod and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve is less than the diameter of the ball, the distance between the outer wall of the pull rod and the outer wall of the positioning sleeve is greater than the diameter of the ball, and the outer diameter of the outer protrusion of the pull rod matches the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve.

[0016] The inner diameter of the lower retaining ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding sleeve, but larger than the outer diameter of the protruding part of the pull rod.

[0017] Preferably, the sliding sleeve anti-disengagement mechanism between the sliding sleeve and the positioning sleeve is as follows: the bottom of the side wall of the positioning sleeve is provided with an outward flange, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with an inner retaining ring, the inner retaining ring is located above the outward flange, and the inner diameter of the inner retaining ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the outward flange.

[0018] Preferably, the compression spring is sleeved on the positioning sleeve, and the upper part of the side wall of the positioning sleeve is provided with a positioning flange. The upper end of the compression spring abuts against the positioning flange, and the lower end of the compression spring abuts against the top of the sliding sleeve.

[0019] Preferably, the inner side of the strip hole is provided with a tapering structure to prevent the ball from falling out into the positioning sleeve.

[0020] Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. An anti-padded gas detection mechanism is set in the clamping mechanism, which can detect whether there are padded chips under the parts when clamping the parts, thereby reducing the product scrap rate; 2. The gas detection mechanism can automatically replenish air and reset with the clamping mechanism, without the need to set a separate driving force or electrical control, which has a high degree of automation and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning column in this invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas detection mechanism in this invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the piston pull-down release mechanism in this invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning sleeve and sliding sleeve in this invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping process of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point a in the middle.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the ball moves downward out of the inner protrusion of the sliding sleeve in this invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull rod when the outer protrusion slides down over the ball bearing in this invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for detecting whether there are chips underneath a part according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view of point b in the middle.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention where the positioning sleeve and sliding sleeve have just moved to their highest positions.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the outer protrusion of the pull rod moves upward to abut against the ball bearing in this invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull rod when its outer protrusion slides upward over the ball bearing in this invention.

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull rod after its outer protrusion slides upward past the ball bearing in this invention.

[0036] 1: Base plate; 2: Positioning post; 201: Exhaust channel; 3: Drive cylinder; 4: Optical axis; 5: Sliding guide sleeve; 6: Gas detection mechanism; 601: Sleeve; 602: Upper retaining ring; 603: Piston; 604: Positioning ring; 605: Gas storage chamber; 606: One-way valve; 607: Air outlet; 608: Indicator rod; 609: Piston return spring; 610: Lower retaining ring; 7: Pressure plate; 8: Lifting plate; 9: Piston pull-down release mechanism; 901: Pull rod; 902: Outer protrusion; 903: Connecting rod; 904: Positioning sleeve; 905: Sliding sleeve; 906: Strip hole; 907: Ball bearing; 908: Downward pressure spring; 909: Inner protrusion; 910: Outer flange; 911: Inner retaining ring; 10: Air pipe; 11: Valve; 12: Parts. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] A clamping mechanism to prevent pad chipping, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes at least a substrate 1, on which a positioning post 2, a driving cylinder 3, an optical axis 4, a sliding guide sleeve 5, and an air detection mechanism 6 are provided.

[0039] The lower end of the positioning post 2 penetrates through the base plate 1 and is fixedly connected to the base plate 1. An exhaust channel 201 is provided through the positioning post 2 from top to bottom. The upper end surface of the positioning post 2 is the part positioning surface, and the upper opening of the exhaust channel 201 is located on the part positioning surface.

[0040] The sliding guide sleeve 5 passes through the substrate 1 and is fixedly connected to the substrate 1. The optical axis 4 passes through the sliding guide sleeve 5 and slides in cooperation with the sliding guide sleeve 5. A horizontal pressure plate 7 is fixed at the upper end of the optical axis 4. The pressure plate 7 is located above the positioning post 2. A horizontal lifting plate 8 is fixed at the lower end of the optical axis 4.

[0041] The driving cylinder 3 is located between the base plate 1 and the lifting plate 8. The rear end of the cylinder body of the driving cylinder 3 is fixed to the lifting plate 8, and the front end of the piston rod of the driving cylinder 3 is fixed to the base plate 1. The driving cylinder 3 can drive the lifting plate 8, the optical axis 4 and the pressure plate 7 to move up and down.

[0042] The gas detection mechanism 6 is located between the base plate 1 and the lifting plate 8. The gas detection mechanism 6 includes at least a sleeve 601. The upper end of the sleeve 601 is fixed to the bottom of the base plate 1. The sleeve 601 is provided with an upper retaining ring 602, a piston 603 and a positioning ring 604 from top to bottom. The upper retaining ring 602 and the positioning ring 604 are both sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve 601. The piston 603 is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the sleeve 601. An air storage chamber 605 is formed between the upper retaining ring 602 and the piston 603.

[0043] An air inlet and an air outlet 607 are provided on the side wall of the sleeve 601. The air inlet and the air outlet 607 are both located between the upper retaining ring 602 and the piston 603, and are both connected to the air storage chamber 605. A one-way valve 606 is provided at the outer opening of the air inlet. The one-way valve 606 can pass from the outside of the sleeve 601 to the inside of the sleeve 601. The outer opening of the air outlet 607 is connected to the lower opening of the exhaust channel 201 of the positioning column 2 through the air pipe 10. A valve 11 is provided on the air pipe 10. The handle of the valve 11 can be provided on the base plate 1 for easy operation by the operator to open and close the valve 11.

[0044] An indicator rod 608 is fixed to the top of the piston 603. The indicator rod 608 passes through the upper retaining ring 602 and the base plate 1, and the indicator rod 608 and the upper retaining ring 602 are in a sliding seal fit. A piston return spring 609 is provided at the bottom of the piston 603. The upper end of the piston return spring 609 abuts against the bottom of the piston 603, and the lower end abuts against the top of the positioning ring 604. A piston pull-down release mechanism 9 is also provided below the piston 603.

[0045] The piston pull-down release mechanism 9 is as follows: a pull rod 901 is fixed on the lifting plate 8 located below the sleeve 601. The pull rod 901 is arranged parallel to the optical axis 4, and the central axis of the pull rod 901 coincides with the central axis of the sleeve 601. The pull rod 901 is provided with an outward protrusion 902 in a circumferential direction. The diameter of the outward protrusion 902 is larger than the diameter of the pull rod 901. The upper and lower ends of the outward protrusion 902 are connected to the side wall of the pull rod 901 through a conical surface.

[0046] A lower retaining ring 610 is also fixed inside the sleeve 601, and the lower retaining ring 610 is located below the positioning ring 604; a connecting rod 903 is fixed to the bottom of the piston 603, the connecting rod 903 passes through the positioning ring 604, and a pull rod docking mechanism is fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod 903.

[0047] The pull rod docking mechanism is located between the positioning ring 604 and the lower retaining ring 610. The mechanism includes a positioning sleeve 904 and a sliding sleeve 905. The upper end of the positioning sleeve 904 is fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod 903. The lower end of the positioning sleeve 904 is open, allowing the upper end of the pull rod 901 to pass through the lower retaining ring 610 and be inserted into the positioning sleeve 904. Four slotted holes 906 are provided on the side wall of the positioning sleeve 904, equidistantly spaced around it. Each slotted hole 906 is arranged along the length of the positioning sleeve 904, and each slotted hole 906 has a ball bearing 907. The diameter of the ball bearing 907 is larger than the wall thickness of the positioning sleeve 904, and the ball bearing 907 can move within the corresponding slotted hole 906. The inner side of each slotted hole 906 has a tapering structure to prevent the ball bearing 907 from falling out of the positioning sleeve 904. The sliding sleeve 905 is coaxially sleeved on the positioning sleeve 904, and the sliding sleeve 905 and the positioning sleeve 904 are slidably connected. A downward pressure spring 908 is provided on the upper side of the sliding sleeve 905. The downward pressure spring 908 is sleeved on the positioning sleeve 904. A positioning flange is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the positioning sleeve 904. The upper end of the downward pressure spring 908 abuts against the positioning flange, and the lower end of the downward pressure spring 908 abuts against the top of the sliding sleeve 905. A downward movement prevention mechanism for the sliding sleeve 905 is provided between the sliding sleeve 905 and the positioning sleeve 904. The downward movement prevention mechanism for the sliding sleeve 905 between the sliding sleeve 905 and the positioning sleeve 904 is as follows: an outward flange 910 is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the positioning sleeve 904, and an inner retaining ring 911 is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 905. The inner retaining ring 911 is located above the outward flange 910, and the inner diameter of the inner retaining ring 911 is smaller than the outer diameter of the outward flange 910.

[0048] When the sliding sleeve 905 moves down to the lowest limit position relative to the positioning sleeve 904, the bottom of the sliding sleeve 905 is lower than the bottom of the positioning sleeve 904. The inner wall of the sliding sleeve 905 is provided with an inner protrusion 909 in a circumferential direction. The inner diameter of the inner protrusion 909 is smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve 905, and the upper and lower ends of the inner protrusion 909 are connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 905 through a conical surface.

[0049] The distance between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 905 and the outer wall of the positioning sleeve 904 is less than the diameter of the ball 907, the distance between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 905 and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 904 is greater than the diameter of the ball 907, and the inner diameter of the inner protrusion 909 of the sliding sleeve 905 matches the outer diameter of the positioning sleeve 904.

[0050] The distance between the outer wall of the pull rod 901 and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 904 is less than the diameter of the ball 907, and the distance between the outer wall of the pull rod 901 and the outer wall of the positioning sleeve 904 is greater than the diameter of the ball 907. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the protrusion 902 of the pull rod 901 matches the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve 904.

[0051] The inner diameter of the lower retaining ring 610 is smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding sleeve 905, but larger than the outer diameter of the protrusion 902 of the pull rod 901.

[0052] When using this invention to clamp part 12, first close valve 11 and place the positioning edge of part 12 on positioning post 2. Start drive cylinder 3, extend piston rod of drive cylinder 3, and drive lifting plate 8, optical shaft 4 and pressure plate 7 to move downward.

[0053] As the pressure plate 7 moves downward, it moves closer to the positioning post 2 until the positioning edge of the part 12 is clamped and positioned between the pressure plate 7 and the positioning post 2.

[0054] Simultaneously, as the lifting plate 8 moves downward, it drives the pull rod 901 to move downward in sync, within the air detection mechanism 6:

[0055] Initially, the ball bearing 907 is located at the lower part of the slot 906, and the outer side of the ball bearing 907 corresponds to the inner protrusion 909 of the sliding sleeve 905. The inner side of the ball bearing 907 protrudes from the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 904. When the pull rod 901 moves downward, the lower side of the outer protrusion 902 of the pull rod 901 engages with the ball bearing 907, causing the positioning sleeve 904, sliding sleeve 905, connecting rod 903, piston 603, and indicator rod 608 to move downward. Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown. Furthermore, the piston 603 moves downward, the piston return spring 609 is compressed, the air storage chamber 605 between the upper retaining ring 602 and the piston 603 becomes larger, and the air storage chamber 605 is replenished with air from the outside of the sleeve 601 through the one-way valve 606.

[0056] When the bottom of the sliding sleeve 905 abuts against the lower retaining ring 610, the sliding sleeve 905 stops moving downwards, while the pull rod 901 and the positioning sleeve 904 continue to move downwards. Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown.

[0057] When the pull rod 901 moves downwards along with the ball 907, moving it out of the inner protrusion 909 of the sliding sleeve 905, the ball 907 can move outwards. When the ball 907 moves outwards to the point where its inner side no longer protrudes from the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 904, the outer protrusion 902 of the pull rod 901 can slide past the ball 907 and disengage from the positioning sleeve 904. At this time, the pull rod 901 continues to move downwards with the lifting plate 8, and the positioning sleeve 904, sliding sleeve 905, connecting rod 903, piston 603, and indicator rod 608 stop moving downwards. Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown.

[0058] The clamping action of part 12 ends when the pressure plate 7 abuts against the upper part of the positioning edge of part 12, thus pressing part 12 tightly. At this time, the bottom of part 12 blocks the upper opening of the exhaust channel 201 inside the positioning post 2. By opening the valve 11, it can be determined whether there is any debris between part 12 and positioning post 2.

[0059] Under the action of the piston return spring 609, both piston 603 and indicator rod 608 are subjected to an upward restoring force. Piston 603 compresses the air storage chamber 605, and the air in the air storage chamber 605 is compressed. The compressed air is transmitted through the air outlet 607 and the air pipe 10 to the exhaust channel 201 of the positioning column 2. Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown.

[0060] If there is a slag between part 12 and positioning post 2, the compressed air in exhaust passage 201 will quickly leak through the gap between part 12 and positioning post 2, and piston 603 and indicator rod 608 will rise rapidly under the action of piston return spring 609.

[0061] If there is no slag between part 12 and positioning post 2, the compressed air in exhaust passage 201 will not leak or will leak at a very slow rate, and accordingly, piston 603 and indicator rod 608 will not rise or will rise at a very slow rate.

[0062] Operators can easily determine whether there is any mortar between part 12 and positioning post 2 by observing the rise and fall of indicator rod 608.

[0063] When a part 12 is finished and the next part 12 is replaced, the drive cylinder 3 is activated. The piston rod of the drive cylinder 3 retracts, driving the lifting plate 8, the optical shaft 4, the pressure plate 7 and the pull rod 901 to move upward.

[0064] When the pressure plate 7 and part 12 are released from their tight state, the sealing effect between part 12 and the upper opening of the exhaust channel 201 is lost, the air storage chamber 605 is connected to the atmosphere, and under the action of the piston return spring 609, the piston 603, indicator rod 608, connecting rod 903, positioning sleeve 904 and sliding sleeve 905 all move upward to the highest limit position.

[0065] The positioning sleeve 904 and the sliding sleeve 905 will also move relative to each other under the action of the downward spring 908. The positioning sleeve 904 will move upward relative to the sliding sleeve 905. At this time, the strip hole 906 on the positioning sleeve 904 will bring the ball 907 back to the corresponding position of the inner protrusion 909 of the sliding sleeve 905. Figure 12 As shown.

[0066] Subsequently, during the upward movement of the pull rod 901, the upper conical surface of the protrusion 902 of the pull rod 901 will abut against the ball 907, such as... Figure 13 As shown, this causes the ball bearing 907 to move upwards. When the outer protrusion 902 of the pull rod 901 moves upwards, carrying the ball bearing 907, and moves it outwards beyond the inner protrusion 909 of the sliding sleeve 905, the ball bearing 907 can move outwards, as shown. Figure 14As shown. At this time, the protrusion 902 of the pull rod 901 can slide past the ball 907 and move to the upper side of the ball 907. After the protrusion 902 of the pull rod 901 slides past the ball 907, the ball 907 will slide down to the lower part of the slot 906, as shown. Figure 15 As shown.

[0067] This completes the clamping and inspection process for part 12. To process the next part 12, simply repeat the above steps.

Claims

1. A clamping mechanism for preventing padding chips, comprising at least a base plate (1), characterized in that: The substrate (1) is provided with a positioning post (2), a driving cylinder (3), an optical axis (4), a sliding guide sleeve (5), and an air detection mechanism (6). The lower end of the positioning post (2) passes through the substrate (1) and is fixedly connected to the substrate (1). An exhaust channel (201) is provided inside the positioning post (2) from top to bottom. The sliding guide sleeve (5) passes through the substrate (1) and is fixedly connected to the substrate (1). The optical axis (4) passes through the sliding guide sleeve (5) and is slidably engaged with the sliding guide sleeve (5). A horizontal pressure plate (7) is fixed at the upper end of the optical axis (4). The pressure plate (7) is located above the positioning post (2). A horizontal lifting plate (8) is fixed at the lower end of the optical axis (4). The driving cylinder (3) is located between the base plate (1) and the lifting plate (8). The rear end of the cylinder body of the driving cylinder (3) is fixed to the lifting plate (8), and the front end of the piston rod of the driving cylinder (3) is fixed to the base plate (1). The driving cylinder (3) can drive the lifting plate (8), the optical axis (4) and the pressure plate (7) to move up and down. The gas detection mechanism (6) is located between the base plate (1) and the lifting plate (8). The gas detection mechanism (6) includes at least a sleeve (601). The upper end of the sleeve (601) is fixed to the bottom of the base plate (1). The sleeve (601) is provided with an upper retaining ring (602), a piston (603) and a positioning ring (604) from top to bottom. The upper retaining ring (602) and the positioning ring (604) are sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve (601). The piston (603) and the inner wall of the sleeve (601) are in a sliding sealing fit. An air storage chamber (605) is formed between the upper retaining ring (602) and the piston (603). An air inlet and an air outlet (607) are provided on the side wall of the sleeve (601). The air inlet and the air outlet (607) are both located between the upper retaining ring (602) and the piston (603) and are connected to the air storage chamber (605). A one-way valve (606) is provided at the outer opening of the air inlet. The one-way valve (606) can pass from the outside of the sleeve (601) to the inside of the sleeve (601). The outer opening of the air outlet (607) is connected to the lower opening of the exhaust channel (201) of the positioning column (2) through the air pipe (10). A valve (11) is provided on the air pipe (10). A pointer rod (608) is fixed to the top of the piston (603). The pointer rod (608) passes through the upper retaining ring (602) and the base plate (1), and the pointer rod (608) and the upper retaining ring (602) are in a sliding seal fit. A piston return spring (609) is provided at the bottom of the piston (603). The upper end of the piston return spring (609) abuts against the bottom of the piston (603), and the lower end abuts against the top of the positioning ring (604). A piston pull-down release mechanism (9) is also provided below the piston (603). The piston pull-down release mechanism (9) is as follows: a pull rod (901) is fixed on the lifting plate (8) located below the sleeve (601). The pull rod (901) is parallel to the optical axis (4), and the central axis of the pull rod (901) coincides with the central axis of the sleeve (601). The pull rod (901) is provided with an outward protrusion (902) in a circumferential direction. The diameter of the outward protrusion (902) is larger than the diameter of the pull rod (901). The upper and lower ends of the outward protrusion (902) are connected to the side wall of the pull rod (901) through a conical surface. A lower retaining ring (610) is also fixed inside the sleeve (601), and the lower retaining ring (610) is located below the positioning ring (604); a connecting rod (903) is fixed at the bottom of the piston (603), the connecting rod (903) passes through the positioning ring (604), and a pull rod docking mechanism is fixed at the lower end of the connecting rod (903); The pull rod docking mechanism is located between the positioning ring (604) and the lower retaining ring (610). The pull rod docking mechanism includes a positioning sleeve (904) and a sliding sleeve (905). The upper end of the positioning sleeve (904) is fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod (903). The lower end of the positioning sleeve (904) is open. The upper end of the pull rod (901) can pass through the lower retaining ring (610) and pass through the positioning sleeve (904). Several strip holes (906) are opened on the side wall of the positioning sleeve (904). Each strip hole (906) is arranged along the length direction of the positioning sleeve (904). Each strip hole (906) is provided with a ball (907). The diameter of the ball (907) is larger than the wall thickness of the positioning sleeve (904). The ball (907) can be inserted into the corresponding strip hole (906). The sliding sleeve (905) is coaxially sleeved on the positioning sleeve (904), and the sliding sleeve (905) and the positioning sleeve (904) are slidably connected. The upper side of the sliding sleeve (905) is provided with a downward pressure spring (908). The sliding sleeve (905) and the positioning sleeve (904) are provided with a downward movement anti-disengagement mechanism. When the sliding sleeve (905) moves down relative to the positioning sleeve (904) to the lowest limit position, the bottom of the sliding sleeve (905) is lower than the bottom of the positioning sleeve (904). The inner wall of the sliding sleeve (905) is provided with an inner protrusion (909) in a circumferential direction. The inner diameter of the inner protrusion (909) is smaller than the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve (905), and the upper and lower ends of the inner protrusion (909) are connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (905) through a conical surface. The distance between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (905) and the outer wall of the positioning sleeve (904) is smaller than the diameter of the ball (907), the distance between the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (905) and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve (904) is larger than the diameter of the ball (907), and the inner diameter of the inner protrusion (909) of the sliding sleeve (905) matches the outer diameter of the positioning sleeve (904). The distance between the outer wall of the pull rod (901) and the inner wall of the positioning sleeve (904) is smaller than the diameter of the ball (907), and the distance between the outer wall of the pull rod (901) and the outer wall of the positioning sleeve (904) is larger than the diameter of the ball (907). The outer diameter of the protrusion (902) of the pull rod (901) matches the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve (904). The inner diameter of the lower retaining ring (610) is smaller than the outer diameter of the sliding sleeve (905) and larger than the outer diameter of the protrusion (902) of the pull rod (901).

2. The anti-chip clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding sleeve (905) and the positioning sleeve (904) sliding sleeve (905) downward movement anti-disengagement mechanism is as follows: the bottom of the side wall of the positioning sleeve (904) is provided with an outer flange (910), the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (905) is provided with an inner retaining ring (911), the inner retaining ring (911) is located on the upper side of the outer flange (910), and the inner diameter of the inner retaining ring (911) is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer flange (910).

3. The anti-chip clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression spring (908) is sleeved on the positioning sleeve (904). The upper part of the side wall of the positioning sleeve (904) is provided with a positioning flange. The upper end of the compression spring (908) abuts against the positioning flange, and the lower end of the compression spring (908) abuts against the top of the sliding sleeve (905).

4. The anti-chip clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the strip hole (906) is provided with a tapering structure to prevent the ball (907) from falling into the inner side of the positioning sleeve (904).

Images