Hydrogen station, hydrogen dispenser, and hydrogen dispensing method

Abstract

The application provides a hydrogen refueling station, a hydrogen refueling machine and a hydrogen refueling method. The hydrogen refueling machine comprises a hydrogen cooler, a hydrogen gun, a conveying pipeline, a temperature detecting device and a cooling pipeline. The hydrogen cooler is arranged downstream of a compressor to receive compressed hydrogen and cool the hydrogen. The hydrogen gun is arranged downstream of the hydrogen cooler to output the hydrogen outward. An output control valve is arranged on the conveying pipeline. The temperature detecting device is arranged on the conveying pipeline and close to an outlet of the hydrogen cooler. The cooling pipeline is downstream of the temperature detecting device. A cooling control valve is arranged on the cooling pipeline. When the temperature of the hydrogen detected by the temperature detecting device is greater than a preset temperature value, the cooling control valve is opened to circulate the hydrogen to the compressor and the hydrogen cooler. When the temperature of the hydrogen detected by the temperature detecting device is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the output control valve is opened to output the hydrogen outward through the hydrogen gun. The preset temperature value is -40 DEG C to 0 DEG C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen supply technology, and in particular to a hydrogen refueling station, a hydrogen refueling machine, and a hydrogen refueling method. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen is refueled into fuel cell vehicles using hydrogen refueling machines at hydrogen refueling stations and stored in onboard hydrogen cylinders under high pressure. The standard specifies that hydrogen refueling machines with a pressure of 70 MPa require the hydrogen to be cooled to a pre-cooling temperature before being filled into the vehicle's cylinders; the pre-cooling temperature range is -40℃ to 0℃.

[0003] However, the hydrogen gas output from the compressor still needs to pass through pipelines before reaching the hydrogen refueling machine. It's possible that some of the coldness carried by the hydrogen is absorbed by the hot pipelines. At this point, the temperature of the hydrogen may not meet the standard requirements, thus posing a risk to vehicles refueling with hydrogen. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydrogen refueling station, a hydrogen refueling machine, and a hydrogen refueling method to solve the problem that the hydrogen temperature may not meet the standard requirements in the prior art, which may lead to potential hazards in hydrogen-refueled vehicles.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a hydrogenation machine, comprising:

[0006] A hydrogen cooler is located downstream of the compressor to receive and cool the compressed hydrogen.

[0007] A hydrogen refueling gun, located downstream of the hydrogen refueling cooler, is used to output hydrogen gas.

[0008] A delivery pipeline connects the hydrogen refrigerant cooler and the hydrogen refueling nozzle; an output control valve is installed on the delivery pipeline.

[0009] A temperature detection device is installed on the delivery pipeline and near the outlet of the hydrogen cooler to detect the temperature of the hydrogen and determine whether it meets the conditions for external output.

[0010] A cooling pipeline connects the delivery pipeline to the inlet of the compressor; the cooling pipeline is located downstream of the temperature detection device; a cooling control valve is installed on the cooling pipeline;

[0011] Specifically, when the temperature of the hydrogen detected by the temperature detection device is greater than a preset temperature value, the cooling control valve opens, allowing the hydrogen to circulate to the compressor and the hydrogen refueling cooler; when the temperature of the hydrogen detected by the temperature detection device is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the output control valve opens, allowing the hydrogen to be delivered outward through the hydrogen refueling gun, wherein the preset temperature value is -40℃ to 0℃.

[0012] In one embodiment, both the output control valve and the cooling control valve include an interconnected solenoid valve and an emergency shut-off valve, the emergency shut-off valve being disposed on a pipeline, and the solenoid valve being electrically connected to the controller of the hydrogen refueling machine.

[0013] In one embodiment, the cooling pipeline is further provided with a pressure reducing valve and a check valve located downstream of the pressure reducing valve, and the pressure reducing valve is located downstream of the cooling control valve.

[0014] In one embodiment, the hydrogen refueling machine further includes a pressure detection device disposed on the delivery pipeline, the pressure detection device being close to the outlet of the hydrogen refueling cooler and located upstream of the output control valve and the cooling control valve.

[0015] In one embodiment, a manual valve is also provided on the delivery pipeline, and the manual valve is located downstream of the delivery control valve.

[0016] In one embodiment, the inlet of the hydrogenation cooler is further provided with an inlet detection device for detecting temperature and pressure.

[0017] The present invention also provides a hydrogen refueling station, including a compressor and a hydrogen refueling machine as described above.

[0018] In one embodiment, a precooler is provided upstream of the compressor, and a postcooler is provided downstream of the compressor.

[0019] The cooling pipes are connected to the precooler.

[0020] The present invention also provides a hydrogenation method, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Cool the hydrogen gas entering the hydrogen dispenser;

[0022] The temperature of the cooled hydrogen gas is detected, and it is determined whether it meets the conditions for external output.

[0023] When the detected temperature of the hydrogen is greater than the preset temperature value, the hydrogen is controlled to continue to be compressed and cooled; when the detected temperature of the hydrogen is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the hydrogen is controlled to be delivered outward through the hydrogen refueling gun, and the preset temperature value is -40℃ to 0℃.

[0024] In one embodiment, before the controlled hydrogen continues to be compressed and cooled, the following steps are further included:

[0025] The hydrogen gas is depressurized.

[0026] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] The hydrogen refueling machine in this invention uses a temperature detection device to monitor the temperature of the hydrogen and determine whether it meets the conditions for external output. When the temperature meets the requirements, the hydrogen is delivered to the refueling nozzle along the delivery pipeline; when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, it is circulated through the cooling pipeline to the compressor for further compression and cooling until the temperature meets the requirements. This hydrogen refueling machine ensures that the temperature of the hydrogen supplied meets the requirements, thereby ensuring vehicle safety.

[0028] The hydrogen refueling method adds a temperature detection step before external delivery, and if the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the hydrogen is allowed to continue to cool until the requirements are met before being delivered, thus ensuring the safety of the refueling vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen refueling station in this invention.

[0030] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0031] 1. Hydrogen refueling station; 11. Compressor; 12. Precooler; 13. Aftercooler; 14. Refrigeration unit; 151. Hydrogen refueling cooler; 152. Hydrogen refueling nozzle; 153. Delivery pipeline; 154. Output control valve; 155. Temperature detection equipment; 156. Cooling pipeline; 157. Cooling control valve; 158. Control equipment; 159. Pressure detection equipment; 161. Manual valve; 162. Pressure reducing valve; 163. Check valve; 164. Temperature transmitter; 165. Pressure transmitter; 166. Flow meter. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various variations in different embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and illustrations herein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] To further illustrate the principles and structure of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] This invention provides a hydrogen refueling station for supplying hydrogen to vehicles that use hydrogen as fuel.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hydrogen refueling station is shown below. Figure 1 The hydrogen refueling station 1 includes a storage tank (not shown in the figure), a compressor 11, and a hydrogen refueling machine.

[0036] The storage tank is used to store hydrogen.

[0037] The compressor 11 is connected to the storage tank and is used to receive and compress hydrogen.

[0038] Furthermore, a precooler 12 is provided upstream of the compressor 11 to cool the temperature of the hydrogen entering the compressor 11.

[0039] Downstream of compressor 11 is provided an aftercooler 13 for cooling the temperature of the compressed hydrogen.

[0040] The precooler 12, compressor 11, and aftercooler 13 all cool the hydrogen through the refrigeration unit 14. The refrigeration unit 14 provides cooling circulating water to the precooler 12, compressor 11, and aftercooler 13, which exchanges heat with the hydrogen to reduce the hydrogen temperature.

[0041] The hydrogen refueling unit is located downstream of the compressor 11 to receive compressed hydrogen and deliver it to the vehicle.

[0042] The number of hydrogen refueling machines can be one, two, or more, depending on the actual situation.

[0043] Specifically, the hydrogen refueling machine includes a hydrogen cooler 151, a hydrogen refueling nozzle 152, a delivery pipeline 153, a temperature detection device 155, a cooling pipeline 156, and a control device 158. The hydrogen refueling machine uses the temperature detection device 155 to detect the temperature of the hydrogen and sends this information to the control device 158. The control device 158 determines whether the temperature meets the conditions for external output and controls the hydrogen to be delivered along the delivery pipeline 153 to the hydrogen refueling nozzle 152 or circulated through the cooling pipeline 156 to the compressor 11 for further compression and cooling until the required temperature is met. This hydrogen refueling machine ensures that the temperature of the supplied hydrogen meets the requirements, thereby ensuring vehicle safety.

[0044] The hydrogen refueling machine in this application is particularly suitable for hydrogen refueling machines with a pressure of 70 MPa.

[0045] The hydrogen cooler 151 is located downstream of the compressor 11 to receive and cool the compressed hydrogen. Specifically, the hydrogen cooler 151 is located downstream of the aftercooler 13 to cool the hydrogen.

[0046] In this embodiment, the hydrogen refueling cooler 151 cools the hydrogen gas using a circulating cooling water system. Specifically, the hydrogen refueling cooler 151 includes a main body, a first channel, and a second channel capable of exchanging heat with each other. Hydrogen gas flows through the first channel, and cooling water flows through the second channel. The outlet of the main body is connected to the inlet of the second channel, supplying cooling water to the second channel. The inlet of the main body is connected to the outlet of the second channel, receiving the water after heat exchange.

[0047] Furthermore, the inlet of the hydrogen refrigerant cooler 151 is also equipped with inlet detection devices for detecting temperature and pressure. Specifically, the detection devices include a temperature transmitter 164 and a pressure transmitter 165.

[0048] After detecting the temperature and pressure at the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen cooler 151, the temperature of the cooling water in the hydrogen cooler 151 can be adjusted by the difference between the two, so that the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen cooler 151 can better meet the requirements.

[0049] A flow meter 166 is also provided between the hydrogen cooler 151 and the compressor 11.

[0050] The hydrogen refueling gun 152 is located downstream of the hydrogen refueling cooler 151 and is used to output hydrogen gas.

[0051] The delivery line 153 connects the hydrogen refrigerant cooler 151 and the hydrogen refueling nozzle 152. Specifically, the delivery line 153 is connected to the outlet of the hydrogen refrigerant cooler 151.

[0052] An output control valve 154 is installed on the delivery pipeline 153 to control the on / off connection between the hydrogen cooler 151 and the hydrogen refueling gun 152.

[0053] The output control valve 154 includes a solenoid valve and an emergency shut-off valve that are connected to each other. The emergency shut-off valve is located on the delivery line 153.

[0054] A manual valve 161 is also provided on the delivery line 153. The manual valve 161 is located downstream of the output control valve 154 and the cooling line 156. The manual valve 161 is used to manually disconnect the connection between the hydrogen refrigerant 151 and the hydrogen refueling nozzle 152 in the event of an accident and when the output control valve 154 is unusable.

[0055] Temperature detection device 155 is installed on delivery pipeline 153 and near the outlet of hydrogen cooler 151 for detecting the temperature of hydrogen.

[0056] In this embodiment, the temperature detection device 155 is a temperature transmitter.

[0057] The hydrogen refueling unit also includes a pressure detection device 159 installed on the delivery line 153. The pressure detection device 159 is located near the outlet of the hydrogen cooler 151 and upstream of the output control valve 154 and the cooling control valve 157.

[0058] In this embodiment, the pressure detection device 159 is located downstream of the temperature detection device 155. The pressure detection device 159 is a pressure transmitter.

[0059] Cooling pipe 156 connects delivery pipe 153 to the inlet of compressor 11. Cooling pipe 156 is located downstream of temperature sensing device 155. Specifically, cooling pipe 156 is connected to precooler 12.

[0060] A cooling control valve 157 is installed on the cooling pipe 156 to control the on / off connection between the hydrogen cooler 151 and the compressor 11.

[0061] The cooling control valve 157 includes a solenoid valve and an emergency shut-off valve connected to each other. The emergency shut-off valve is located on the cooling line 156.

[0062] The cooling pipe 156 is also equipped with a pressure reducing valve 162 and a check valve 163 located downstream of the pressure reducing valve 162, and the pressure reducing valve 162 is located downstream of the cooling control valve 157. That is, the cooling pipe 156 is equipped with a cooling control valve 157, a pressure reducing valve 162 and a check valve 163 in sequence from upstream to downstream.

[0063] Pressure reducing valve 162 is used to reduce the pressure of hydrogen gas.

[0064] Check valve 163 is used to prevent hydrogen from flowing back to hydrogen cooler 151 through cooling line 156.

[0065] The control device 158 is electrically connected to the temperature detection device 155, the output control valve 154, and the cooling control valve 157.

[0066] In this embodiment, the control device 158 is electrically connected to the temperature detection device 155, the output control valve 154, and the cooling control valve 157 via cables.

[0067] The control device 158 receives the temperature of hydrogen gas detected by the temperature detection device 155.

[0068] The control device 158 is electrically connected to the solenoid valves of the output control valve 154 and the cooling control valve 157, and controls the opening or closing of the solenoid valves, thereby controlling the opening or closing of the output control valve 154 and the cooling control valve 157.

[0069] The control device 158 has a preset temperature value, which is -40℃ to 0℃.

[0070] When the temperature of the hydrogen detected by the temperature detection device 155 is greater than the preset temperature value, the cooling control valve 157 opens and the output control valve 154 closes, allowing the hydrogen to circulate to the compressor 11 and the hydrogen refrigerant cooler 151; when the temperature of the hydrogen detected by the temperature detection device 155 is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the output control valve 154 opens and the cooling control valve 157 closes, allowing the hydrogen to be delivered outward through the hydrogen refueling gun 152.

[0071] When the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the control device 158 controls the cooling control valve 157 to open, so that the hydrogen is circulated to the compressor 11 and the hydrogen cooler 151 to continue cooling until the temperature is not higher than the preset temperature. Then the control device 158 controls the output control valve 154 to open and the cooling control valve 157 to close, so that the hydrogen is delivered to the outside.

[0072] Because the pipeline between compressor 11 and the hydrogen refueling machine is relatively long, the cooled hydrogen absorbs heat from the pipeline, causing its temperature to rise. This elevated hydrogen temperature does not meet the requirements for refueling vehicles. Therefore, in this embodiment, the hydrogen is not only continuously cooled before being refueled, but its temperature is also monitored. If the temperature meets the requirements, it is dispensed; otherwise, it is returned to compressor 11 for further compression and cooling. Furthermore, the pipeline between the hydrogen cooler 151 and the hydrogen refueling nozzle 152 is relatively short, ensuring that the hydrogen temperature does not rise significantly or rises only slightly, still meeting the requirements. Using the hydrogen refueling machine in this embodiment ensures vehicle safety.

[0073] The present invention also provides a hydrogenation method, comprising the following steps:

[0074] S1. Cool the hydrogen gas entering the hydrogen dispenser.

[0075] Specifically, hydrogen is cooled by a hydrogen cooler 151.

[0076] S2. Detect the temperature of hydrogen gas after cooling.

[0077] Specifically, a temperature detection device 155 is used to detect the temperature of hydrogen near the outlet of the hydrogen refrigerant cooler 151.

[0078] S3. When the detected temperature of hydrogen is greater than the preset temperature value, control the hydrogen to continue to be compressed and cooled; when the detected temperature of hydrogen is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, control the hydrogen to be delivered to the outside through the hydrogen refueling gun 152, with the preset temperature value being -40℃ to 0℃.

[0079] Specifically, the control device 158 receives the temperature detected by the temperature detection device 155, compares it with the preset temperature value, and outputs a control signal to control the opening and closing of the output control valve 154 or the cooling control valve 157.

[0080] When the temperature of the hydrogen is higher than the preset temperature value, the control device 158 controls the output control valve 154 to close and the cooling control valve 157 to open, so that the hydrogen continues to cool. When the temperature of the hydrogen is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the control device 158 controls the output control valve 154 to open and the cooling control valve 157 to close, and the hydrogen is delivered to the outside through the hydrogen refueling gun 152.

[0081] Before controlling the hydrogen to continue compression and cooling, the process includes the following steps: depressurizing the hydrogen. That is, when the hydrogen returns to the compressor 11 for compression, it is first depressurized.

[0082] The hydrogen refueling method in this embodiment adds a temperature detection step before external delivery, and when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the hydrogen is allowed to continue to cool until the requirements are met before being delivered externally, thus ensuring the safety of the refueling vehicle.

[0083] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0084] The hydrogen refueling machine in this invention uses a temperature detection device to monitor the temperature of the hydrogen and determine whether it meets the conditions for external output. When the temperature meets the requirements, the hydrogen is delivered to the refueling nozzle along the delivery pipeline; when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, it is circulated through the cooling pipeline to the compressor for further compression and cooling until the temperature meets the requirements. This hydrogen refueling machine ensures that the temperature of the hydrogen supplied meets the requirements, thereby ensuring vehicle safety.

[0085] The hydrogen refueling method adds a temperature detection step before external delivery, and if the temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the hydrogen is allowed to continue to cool until the requirements are met before being delivered, thus ensuring the safety of the refueling vehicle.

[0086] Although the invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is illustrative and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since the invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogenation machine, characterized in that, include: A hydrogen cooler is located downstream of the compressor to receive and cool the compressed hydrogen. A hydrogen refueling gun, located downstream of the hydrogen refueling cooler, is used to output hydrogen gas. A delivery pipeline connects the hydrogen refrigerant cooler and the hydrogen refueling nozzle; an output control valve is installed on the delivery pipeline. A temperature detection device is installed on the delivery pipeline and near the outlet of the hydrogen cooler to detect the temperature of the hydrogen and determine whether it meets the conditions for external output. A cooling pipeline connects the delivery pipeline to the inlet of the compressor; the cooling pipeline is located downstream of the temperature detection device; a cooling control valve is installed on the cooling pipeline; When the temperature of the hydrogen detected by the temperature detection device is greater than the preset temperature value, the cooling control valve opens, allowing the hydrogen to circulate to the compressor and the hydrogen cooler. When the temperature of the hydrogen gas detected by the temperature detection device is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the output control valve opens, allowing the hydrogen gas to be delivered outward through the hydrogen refueling gun. The preset temperature value is -40℃ to 0℃.

2. The hydrogenation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the output control valve and the cooling control valve include an interconnected solenoid valve and an emergency shut-off valve. The emergency shut-off valve is located on the pipeline, and the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller of the hydrogen refueling machine.

3. The hydrogenation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling pipeline is also equipped with a pressure reducing valve and a check valve located downstream of the pressure reducing valve, and the pressure reducing valve is located downstream of the cooling control valve.

4. The hydrogenation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen refueling unit also includes a pressure detection device installed on the delivery pipeline, the pressure detection device being close to the outlet of the hydrogen refueling cooler and located upstream of the output control valve and the cooling control valve.

5. The hydrogenation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The delivery pipeline is also equipped with a manual valve, which is located downstream of the output control valve.

6. The hydrogenation machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the hydrogenation cooler is also equipped with inlet detection equipment for detecting temperature and pressure.

7. A hydrogen refueling station, characterized in that, Includes a compressor and a hydrogen refueling machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The hydrogen refueling station according to claim 7, characterized in that, A precooler is provided upstream of the compressor, and a postcooler is provided downstream of the compressor. The cooling pipes are connected to the precooler.

9. A hydrogenation method using a hydrogenation machine as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Cool the hydrogen gas entering the hydrogen dispenser; The temperature of the cooled hydrogen gas is detected, and it is determined whether it meets the conditions for external output. When the detected temperature of the hydrogen is higher than the preset temperature value, the hydrogen is controlled to continue to be compressed and cooled. When the detected temperature of hydrogen is less than or equal to the preset temperature value, the hydrogen is controlled to be delivered outward through the hydrogen refueling gun. The preset temperature value is -40℃ to 0℃.

10. The hydrogenation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Before the controlled hydrogen continues to be compressed and cooled, the following steps are also included: The hydrogen gas is depressurized.

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