A device for quick replacement of a fixture for turning and milling a thin-walled cylindrical part

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and particularly relates to a device for quick replacement of a fixture for turning and milling composite processing of a thin-walled cylindrical part. The device comprises an adapter sleeve, an inner clamping ring, an outer clamping sleeve, a material withdrawing ring and an elastic ring. The present application has the advantages of high consistency of fixture reference, easy operation, and high production efficiency, and can be used for quick replacement of a fixture for turning and milling composite processing of a thin-walled cylindrical part, thereby solving the problems of poor reference consistency, complicated process adjustment and low production efficiency caused by the use of different fixtures for turning and milling processing.

Description

A device for quick change of fixtures for milling and turning of thin-walled cylindrical parts. Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining technology, specifically relating to a device for quick change of fixtures for milling and turning of thin-walled cylindrical parts. Background Technology

[0002] Both military and civilian applications require thin-walled cylindrical parts, which are characterized by high precision, thin walls, and numerous turning and milling machining elements. The axial reference for turning and milling is the outer circle or inner hole of the turning machine. During machining, it is necessary to unify the turning and milling references. Using separate turning and milling equipment requires unloading the part after turning, transferring it to the milling equipment, and then reloading and clamping it. For thin-walled cylindrical parts, the changeover error is large, the changeover cycle is long, which affects production efficiency, leads to low production efficiency, increases production costs, and also poses a risk to ensuring the machining quality of thin-walled cylindrical parts.

[0003] Taking a type of thin-walled cylindrical component as an example, its length is 1620mm, its diameter is φ160mm, its wall thickness is only 1.4mm, its material hardness is HRC48~53, the coaxiality during machining is 0.05, and the milling of welding accessories must ensure a center height tolerance of ±0.15mm and a symmetry of 0.1mm. The traditional method is to use separate turning and milling equipment for machining, but this method has the following disadvantages:

[0004] 1) Turning and milling require a unified datum. Processing on two machine tools can easily lead to the superposition of errors, resulting in dimensional deviations or poor dimensional stability of thin-walled cylindrical parts.

[0005] 2) Processing on two machine tools results in a long changeover cycle, increasing production costs.

[0006] Therefore, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, it is necessary to develop a device for quick change of fixtures for milling and turning of thin-walled cylindrical parts. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a milling-turning composite machining method for thin-walled cylindrical parts. This method utilizes a quick-change fixture device to achieve unified machining datum for both milling and turning operations on the milling-turning composite machining equipment, and facilitates rapid fixture changes between the two processes. This improves the clamping accuracy and datum consistency of the milling and turning operations, enhances machining accuracy, and reduces changeover time.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0009] The present invention provides a device for quick change of fixture for milling and turning of thin-walled cylindrical parts, the device comprising an adapter sleeve 1, an inner retaining ring 2, an outer clamping sleeve 3, a material ejection ring 4, and an elastic ring 5;

[0010] The adapter sleeve 1 serves as the main support for the fixture, with a hollow cavity in the middle for accommodating the fixture and the power turntable. One end of the adapter sleeve 1 mates with the power turntable of the milling and turning machining equipment. The inner hole and external connecting part of the end of the adapter sleeve 1 away from the power turntable are both assembly interfaces. The inner hole mates with the turning or milling fixture, and the external connecting part mates with the outer clamping sleeve 3. The large end face of the adapter sleeve 1 mates with the end face of the power turntable through several connecting parts. The positional accuracy of the adapter sleeve 1 is controlled by adjusting the tightening torque of each angular connecting part, so that the tapered hole at the mating position of the adapter sleeve 1 and the power turntable of the milling and turning machining equipment is coaxial with the inner hole of the adapter sleeve at the end away from the power turntable. This converts the reference to ensure that the center of the power turntable is coaxial with the inner hole of the adapter sleeve 1 at the end away from the power turntable.

[0011] The outer sleeve 3 has a multi-stage annular hole inside that mates with the adapter sleeve 1, the inner retaining ring 2, and the clamping body. A wrench groove is provided on the outer side for disassembly. The outer sleeve 3 has a threaded connecting part inside, and the adapter sleeve 1 is connected to the connecting part of the outer sleeve 3. The inner retaining ring 2, the clamping body, the outer sleeve 3, and the elastic ring 5 are located in the annular hole inside the outer sleeve 3. The inner retaining ring 2 is fixed in the limiting groove of the clamping body. An annular groove is provided on the outer diameter of the inner retaining ring 2 for the elastic ring 5 to be inserted and for limiting its position. The matching elastic ring 5 is inserted through the annular groove, and the elastic force of the elastic ring 5 secures the inner retaining ring 2 in the limiting groove of the machining or milling fixture.

[0012] The machining or milling fixture is installed and fixed by tightening the outer clamping sleeve 3 with a hook wrench. The machining or milling fixture is assembled with the machining or milling fixture through the inner tapered hole of the adapter sleeve 1, so as to fix the machining or milling fixture and convert the reference when the turntable rotates.

[0013] The ejector ring 4 has a notch in its outer structure, which makes it easy to remove or put into a designated position at any time. When the outer clamping sleeve 3 and the adapter sleeve 1 are loosened, the ejector ring 4 can push the machining or milling fixture and remove it, and increase the contact area between the outer clamping sleeve 3 and the fixture body to make the force uniform.

[0014] Preferably, the inner hole of the adapter sleeve 1 at the end away from the power turntable is a Morse taper hole, which facilitates increasing the accuracy of static fit and self-locking performance.

[0015] Preferably, the inner retaining ring 2 is a spliced ​​structure, consisting of two semi-circular retaining rings spliced ​​together to form a complete retaining ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the inner retaining ring 2 after splicing is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the machined or milled fixture limiting groove by 0.2 to 0.3 mm, and smaller than the inner hole of the outer sleeve mating position by 0.2 to 0.3 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the elastic ring 5 is an O-ring, made of silicone rubber, which has good elasticity and certain fatigue strength and is not prone to plastic deformation.

[0018] Furthermore, the major diameter of the O-ring elastic ring 5 is 90-95% of the diameter of the annular groove of the inner retaining ring. After the O-ring 5 is installed into the annular groove at the outer diameter position of the inner retaining ring, it ensures that the elastic ring 5 locks the inner retaining ring 2 under static conditions. The outer diameter of the elastic ring is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the inner retaining ring 2 to avoid affecting the assembly of the outer sleeve 1 and the outer diameter position of the inner retaining ring 2.

[0019] Preferably, the ejector ring 4 has a U-shaped external structure, which is an inverted U-shape when placed, making it easy to remove or place in a designated position as needed for operation; the length of the straight segment of the U-shape is not less than the diameter of the arc segment of the U-shape, and the inner diameter of the arc segment of the U-shape is 0.3 to 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the corresponding mating fixture.

[0020] Preferably, the large end face of the adapter sleeve 1 is assembled with the mating end face of the power turntable by a number of screws or bolts.

[0021] Preferably, the external connection part of the adapter sleeve 1 is an external thread, and the multi-stage annular hole of the outer sleeve 3 is provided with a matching internal thread at the connection point with the adapter sleeve 1.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for using the device for quick changing of the milling and turning fixture for thin-walled cylindrical parts as described in the first aspect, specifically including the following steps:

[0023] S1: The adapter sleeve 1 is assembled with the power turntable of the turning and milling compound machining equipment. The outer clamping sleeve 3 is fitted into the taper shank position of the fixture body. The inner retaining ring 2 is installed into the limiting groove of the taper shank position of the fixture body and is radially fixed by the elastic ring 5. After the inner retaining ring 2 is fixed, it is installed into the outer clamping sleeve 3. The fixture body with the inner retaining ring 2, outer clamping sleeve 3 and elastic ring 5 is installed into the adapter sleeve 1. The outer clamping sleeve 3 is tightened by the hook wrench to realize the installation and fixation of the turning or milling fixture.

[0024] S2: Begin the first turning or milling operation;

[0025] S3: When the fixture needs to be replaced after completing the turning or milling process, insert the ejector ring 4 at the neck of the fixture body, loosen the outer clamping sleeve 3 and the adapter sleeve 1 with the hook wrench, and the ejector ring 4 pushes the turning or milling fixture and removes the fixture. Open and remove the inner retaining ring 2 and remove the outer clamping sleeve 3. After the fixture is replaced, the outer clamping sleeve 3 is put into the cone shank of the fixture body to start the assembly process described above, thereby completing the use of the entire device.

[0026] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0027] 1) This invention is simple to operate, and the fixture automatically centers through the tapered hole, resulting in high stability of the centering dimensions;

[0028] 2) This invention ensures the consistency of reference for turning and milling fixtures through a quick fixture change device;

[0029] 3) The skill requirements for loading and unloading fixtures are not high, making it easy to quickly master in actual operation;

[0030] 4) Assembly and disassembly are achieved using hook wrenches, which makes the operation relatively easy. It also facilitates the replacement of fixtures for turning and milling operations, resulting in high production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 is an overall structural diagram of the device for quick change of fixtures for milling and turning of thin-walled cylindrical parts according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the adapter sleeve of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the outer jacket of the present invention;

[0034] (a) Front view; (b) View from B; (c) View from A.

[0035] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the inner retaining ring of the present invention;

[0036] (a) Front view; (b) Side view; (c) Enlarged view of a portion. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments. It should be noted that this invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A device for quick changing of a turning-milling compound machining fixture for thin-walled cylindrical parts includes an adapter sleeve 1, two inner retaining rings 2, an outer clamping sleeve 3, a material ejector ring 4, and an elastic ring 5. The auxiliary tooling used during the use of the fixture is a hook wrench. The adapter sleeve is assembled with the power turntable of the turning-milling compound machining equipment. The outer clamping sleeve 3 is fitted into the cone shank of the fixture body. The two inner retaining rings 2 are elastically fixed by the elastic ring 5 and then inserted into the grooves at the cone shank position of the fixture body and into the outer clamping sleeve 3. The fixture body with the inner retaining rings 2, the outer clamping sleeve 3, and the elastic ring 5 is installed in the adapter sleeve 1. The outer clamping sleeve 3 is tightened by the hook wrench to realize the installation and fixation of the turning or milling fixture, achieving static fit and self-locking of the turning or milling fixture on the adapter sleeve 1.

[0040] The adapter sleeve 1 is the main support of the entire fixture. One end of it is engaged with the power turntable of the turning and milling compound machining equipment. The inner hole and outer circle of the end away from the power turntable have assembly interfaces. The inner hole is engaged with the turning or milling fixture, and the outer circle is engaged with the outer clamping sleeve 3.

[0041] The large end face of the adapter sleeve 1 is assembled with the mating end face of the power turntable by bolts or screws, and the positional accuracy of the adapter sleeve is adjusted and controlled by the tightening torque of each angular bolt or screw.

[0042] The adapter sleeve 1 and the power turntable of the milling and turning compound machining equipment are aligned with the tapered hole at the matching position and the inner hole at the end of the adapter sleeve 1 away from the power turntable. This converts the reference and ensures that the center of the power turntable is aligned with the inner hole at the end of the adapter sleeve 1 away from the power turntable.

[0043] The inner hole of the adapter sleeve 1 at the end away from the power turntable is made of Morse taper, which facilitates the increase of static fit accuracy and self-locking performance.

[0044] The adapter sleeve 1 and the outer clamping sleeve 3 are threaded together. The two inner retaining rings 2, the elastic ring 5, the clamping body and the outer clamping sleeve 3 are engaged. The installation and fixation of the turning or milling fixture is achieved by tightening the outer clamping sleeve 3 with a hook wrench.

[0045] The inner diameter of the two inner retaining rings 2 after being spliced ​​into a complete retaining ring is greater than the outer diameter of the limiting groove of the fixture after being machined or milled. The outer diameter of the two inner retaining rings 2 after being spliced ​​into a complete retaining ring is smaller than the inner hole of the outer sleeve 3 at the mating position.

[0046] The two inner retaining rings 2 have annular grooves on their outer diameters for limiting the elastic ring 5. The elastic ring 5 is inserted into the annular grooves on the outer diameters of the inner retaining rings 2, thereby achieving the function of radially fixing the inner retaining rings 2 in the limiting grooves of the machining or milling fixture.

[0047] The ejector ring 4 has a U-shaped structure and can be removed or placed in a designated position at any time. When the outer sleeve 3 and the adapter sleeve 1 are loosened by threaded rotation, the ejector ring 4 can push the machining or milling fixture and remove it.

[0048] The outer sleeve 3 is fitted into the tapered shank of the fixture body. The two inner retaining rings 2 are inserted into the grooves at the tapered shank position of the fixture body and are radially fixed by the elastic ring 5. After the two inner retaining rings 2 are fixed, they are installed in the outer sleeve 3. The fixture body containing the inner retaining rings 2, the outer sleeve 3, and the elastic ring 5 is installed in the adapter sleeve 1. The outer sleeve 3 is tightened by the hook wrench to install and fix the turning or milling fixture, so as to achieve static fit and self-locking of the turning or milling fixture on the adapter sleeve 1.

[0049] Referring to Figure 1, the quick-change device for milling and turning machining fixtures according to the overall structural diagram of the present invention includes an adapter sleeve 1, two inner retaining rings 2, an outer clamping sleeve 3, a material ejector ring 4, and an elastic ring 5. The adapter sleeve is assembled with the power turntable of the milling and turning machining equipment. The outer clamping sleeve 3 is fitted into the cone shank of the fixture body. The two inner retaining rings 2 are inserted into the grooves at the cone shank position of the fixture body and are radially fixed by the elastic ring 5. After the two inner retaining rings 2 are fixed, they are installed in the outer clamping sleeve 3. The fixture body containing the inner retaining rings 2, the outer clamping sleeve 3, and the elastic ring 5 is installed in the adapter sleeve 1. The outer clamping sleeve 3 is tightened by a hook wrench to install and fix the turning or milling fixture. When the fixture needs to be changed after completing the turning or milling process, the material ejector ring 4 is placed at the neck of the fixture body. The threads between the outer clamping sleeve 3 and the adapter sleeve 1 are loosened by a hook wrench. The material ejector ring 4 pushes the turning or milling fixture and removes the fixture. The inner retaining rings 2 are opened and removed, and the outer clamping sleeve 3 is removed. After the fixture is replaced, the outer clamping sleeve 3 sets are inserted into the clamping body cone shank to begin the assembly process described above, thereby completing the use of the entire device.

[0050] Two inner retaining rings 2, one outer clamping sleeve 3, and one elastic ring 5 can also be provided for each turning or milling fixture, which can save the process steps of "opening and removing the inner retaining rings 2 and removing the outer clamping sleeve 3" after unloading the turning or milling fixture.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for quick change of fixtures for milling and turning of thin-walled cylindrical parts, characterized in that, The device includes an adapter sleeve (1), an inner retaining ring (2), an outer clamping sleeve (3), a material ejection ring (4), and an elastic ring (5); the adapter sleeve (1) is the main support of the fixture, with a hollow cavity in the middle for mates with the fixture and the power turntable; one end of the adapter sleeve (1) mates with the power turntable of the turning and milling compound machining equipment, and the inner hole and the outer connecting part of the end of the adapter sleeve (1) away from the power turntable are both assembly interfaces, the inner hole mates with the turning or milling fixture, and the outer connecting part mates with the outer clamping sleeve (3); the large end face of the adapter sleeve (1) is assembled with the mating end face of the power turntable through several connecting parts, and the angular connecting parts are connected to each other. The tightening torque adjustment controls the position accuracy of the adapter sleeve (1), so that the tapered hole of the adapter sleeve (1) and the power turntable of the milling and turning compound machining equipment are coaxial with the inner hole of the adapter sleeve at the end away from the power turntable, thereby converting the reference to ensure that the center of the power turntable is coaxial with the inner hole of the adapter sleeve (1) at the end away from the power turntable; the inner hole of the outer clamping sleeve (3) is a multi-stage annular hole that fits the adapter sleeve (1), the inner retaining ring (2), and the clamping body, and the outer side is provided with a wrench groove for disassembly; the inner hole of the outer clamping sleeve (3) is provided with a clamping connection part, and the adapter sleeve (1) and the clamping connection part of the outer clamping sleeve (3) are connected. The inner retaining ring (2) and the clamping body are connected. The body and elastic ring (5) are located in the inner annular hole of the outer clamp (3), and the inner retaining ring (2) is fixed in the limiting groove of the clamp body; the outer diameter of the inner retaining ring (2) is provided with an annular groove for the elastic ring (5) to be fitted and limited. The matching elastic ring (5) is installed through the annular groove, and the elastic force of the elastic ring (5) is used to fix the inner retaining ring (2) in the limiting groove of the machining or milling clamp body; the inner retaining ring (2) is a spliced ​​structure, which is spliced ​​into a complete retaining ring by two semi-circular retaining rings; the machining or milling fixture is installed and fixed by tightening the outer clamp (3) with a hook wrench, and the inner conical hole of the adapter sleeve (1) is used to fix the fixture. It is assembled with a turning or milling fixture to fix the turning or milling fixture and convert the reference when the turntable rotates; the ejector ring (4) has a notch in its outer structure. When the outer clamp (3) and the adapter sleeve (1) are loosened, the ejector ring (4) plays the role of pushing the turning or milling fixture and removing it; the ejector ring (4) adopts a "U" shape in its outer structure and is placed in an inverted "U" shape, which is convenient to remove or put into a designated position at any time according to the operation needs; the length of the straight section of the "U" shape is not less than the diameter of the arc section of the "U" shape, and the inner diameter of the arc section of the "U" shape is 0.3 to 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the fixture at the corresponding mating position.

2. The device for quick changing of milling and turning fixtures for thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner hole of the adapter sleeve (1) at the end away from the power turntable is made of Morse taper hole, which is convenient to increase the accuracy of static fit and self-locking performance.

3. The device for quick changing of milling and turning fixtures for thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the inner retaining ring (2) after splicing is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the machined or milled fixture limiting groove by 0.2 to 0.3 mm, and smaller than the inner hole of the outer sleeve mating position by 0.2 to 0.3 mm.

4. The device for quick changing of milling and turning fixtures for thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic ring (5) is an O-ring, and the material is silicone rubber.

5. The device for quick changing of milling and turning fixtures for thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The large diameter of the O-ring (5) is 90-95% of the diameter of the inner retaining ring groove. After the O-ring (5) is installed into the inner retaining ring groove at the outer diameter position, it ensures that the elastic ring (5) locks the inner retaining ring (2) under static conditions.

6. The device for quick changing of milling and turning fixtures for thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large end face of the adapter sleeve (1) is assembled with the mating end face of the power turntable by a number of screws or bolts.

7. The device for quick changing of milling and turning fixtures for thin-walled cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external connection part of the adapter sleeve (1) is externally threaded, and the multi-stage annular hole of the outer sleeve (3) is provided with a matching internal thread at the connection point with the adapter sleeve (1).

8. A method of using the device for quick change of milling and turning fixtures for thin-walled cylindrical parts as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: S1: The adapter sleeve (1) is assembled with the power turntable of the turning and milling compound machining equipment. The outer clamping sleeve (3) is fitted into the taper shank position of the fixture body. The inner retaining ring (2) is installed into the limiting groove of the taper shank position of the fixture body and is radially fixed by the elastic ring (5). After the inner retaining ring (2) is fixed, it is installed into the outer clamping sleeve (3). The fixture body with the inner retaining ring (2), outer clamping sleeve (3), and elastic ring (5) is installed into the adapter sleeve (1). The outer clamping sleeve (3) is tightened by the hook wrench to realize the installation and fixation of the turning or milling fixture; S 2: Start the first turning or milling process; S3: When the fixture needs to be changed after the turning or milling process is completed, put the ejector ring (4) in the neck of the fixture body, loosen the outer sleeve (3) and the adapter sleeve (1) with the hook wrench, the ejector ring (4) pushes the turning or milling fixture and removes the fixture, open and remove the inner retaining ring (2), and remove the outer sleeve (3); after the fixture is changed, the outer sleeve (3) is put into the cone shank of the fixture body to start the assembly process of step S1, thereby completing the use of the entire device.

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