Arrangement method, device and equipment of underground mine blast hole and storage medium
By generating feasible regions for blast holes and optimizing the selection of blast hole locations, the problems of automation and uniformity in the layout of blast holes in underground mines were solved, achieving efficient blasting design and improving blasting quality and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN ZHONGJIN LINGNAN NONFERROUS METALS CO LTD FANKOU LEAD-ZINC MINE
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
In underground mines, existing technologies struggle to achieve efficient automation and uniformity in blast hole layout, resulting in poor blasting quality and time-consuming and labor-intensive design processes. Manual adjustments are prone to arbitrariness and errors.
By acquiring the blasting parameters, a feasible region for the boreholes is generated. Based on the blasting optimization model, the borehole positions are automatically selected to minimize the bottom hole distance error. Combined with the core point coordinates of the drilling rig and the blasting space range, the automatic arrangement of the boreholes is achieved.
It improves the efficiency of borehole layout and blasting effect, reduces the workload of designers, avoids the arbitrariness and error of manual adjustment, ensures the uniformity of the bottom distance between boreholes, and improves the blasting quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN117739765B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of mining, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for arranging blast holes in underground mines. Background Technology
[0002] In underground metal mining, deep-hole blasting is one of the key mining procedures. Medium-deep-hole blasting technology is widely used in underground mines due to its high efficiency and low cost. For mines using medium-deep-hole blasting, mining design technicians need to use drafting software to perform a large amount of repetitive blasting design work based on actual conditions. These designs need to be adjusted according to changes in ore-rock interfaces, goaf distribution, roadway distribution, blasting boundaries, blasting parameters, and geological conditions at different spatial locations. This extensive repetitive blasting design work is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, the manual adjustment of design parameters during the design process can only meet basic blasting design parameter requirements, resulting in significant subjectivity and arbitrariness.
[0003] At the same time, in order to further improve the blasting effect, the blasting design results need to meet the requirement that the bottom distance between the blast holes be as uniform as possible. Manual interactive adjustment of the design method often fails to meet this condition, resulting in a high degree of room for improvement in blasting quality. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of this application provide a method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for arranging blast holes in underground mines, aiming to effectively improve the arrangement efficiency of blast holes in underground mines and the blasting effect in underground mines.
[0005] The technical solution of this application embodiment is implemented as follows:
[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for arranging boreholes in an underground mine, including:
[0007] Obtain the hole layout blasting parameters, which characterize the parameter requirements related to blasting in the underground mine;
[0008] Based on the hole layout design accuracy, the core point coordinates of the drilling rig, the hole layout blasting parameters, and the blasting space range of the underground mine, a feasible region for the blast holes is generated, which includes the blast hole positions of multiple blast holes.
[0009] Based on the feasible region of the boreholes and the established blasting optimization model, the arrangement scheme of the boreholes is obtained.
[0010] The blasting optimization model aims to minimize the sum of errors between the bottom distance of the borehole and the average bottom distance of the borehole. The arrangement of the boreholes includes the selection of target borehole locations from the feasible region of the boreholes.
[0011] In the above scheme, the blasting optimization model is as follows:
[0012]
[0013]
[0014] Where i is the index of the feasible region of the borehole. Let be the positive error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance. g i Let be the negative error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance, 'st' represent the constraint rule, and 'x' be the value of the error. i x is the decision variable. i =0 indicates that the i-th borehole is not in the layout scheme, x i =1 indicates that the i-th borehole is a borehole in the layout scheme, H a d represents the feasible region of the borehole. he d is the average hole bottom distance. he d is the set hole bottom distance. ht x is the set tolerance for the hole bottom distance. i,q Let x be the decision variable for the gun holes in the first subset. i,p H is the decision variable for the boreholes in the second subset. sub1 i H represents the first subset of the i-th gun holes. sub2 i This represents the second subset of the i-th gun hole. This represents the distance between the bottom of the i-th borehole and the boreholes in the first subset.
[0015] The method in the above scheme further includes:
[0016] For any first borehole in the feasible region of the boreholes, construct the first subset and the second subset;
[0017] Wherein, the angle of the second borehole in the first subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and d he -d ht ≤ Distance between the bottom of the second borehole and the first borehole ≤ d he +d ht The angle of the third borehole in the second subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and the bottom distance between the third borehole and the first borehole is ≤ d. he +d ht .
[0018] In the above scheme, the hole layout and blasting parameters include: the first angle of the left side hole and the second angle of the right side hole; the generation of the feasible region for the blast holes based on the hole layout design accuracy, the coordinates of the drill core point, the hole layout and blasting parameters, and the blasting space range of the underground mine includes:
[0019] Add the left side hole to the feasible region of the blast hole, and determine the first angle as the current angle of the blast hole;
[0020] The angle of the next blast hole is obtained based on the current blast hole angle and the incremental angle update. The starting point and ending point of the next blast hole are determined based on the angle of the next blast hole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine.
[0021] The newly generated next borehole is added to the borehole feasible region until the angle of the updated next borehole is greater than or equal to the second angle. Then, the right side hole is added to the borehole feasible region as the last borehole.
[0022] The incremental angle is determined based on the current borehole depth and the borehole layout design accuracy.
[0023] In the above scheme, the blasting parameters for borehole layout further include: a first predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the rock-ore interface, a second predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the boundary of the goaf, a third predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the roadway boundary, and a fourth distance from the bottom of the borehole to the blasting boundary; the determination of the start and end points of the next borehole based on the angle of the next borehole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine includes:
[0024] Using the core point coordinates of the drilling rig as a reference point, the ray is determined based on the angle of the next blast hole. The first intersection point of the ray and the roadway boundary defined by the blasting space range is obtained, and the first intersection point is taken as the starting point of the next blast hole.
[0025] Find a second intersection point between the ray and any one of the following: the rock-mineral interface defined by the blasting space, the goaf boundary, the boundary of other roadways, and the blasting boundary. Determine the endpoint of the next blast hole based on the second intersection point. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the rock-mineral interface, extend the second intersection point along the ray's forward direction by a first predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the goaf boundary, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a second predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the boundary of other roadways, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a third predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the blasting boundary, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a fourth predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint.
[0026] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an arrangement device for blast holes in an underground mine, comprising:
[0027] The acquisition module is used to acquire the hole layout blasting parameters, which characterize the parameter requirements related to blasting in the underground mine;
[0028] The generation module is used to generate a feasible region of blast holes based on the hole layout design accuracy, the coordinates of the drill core point, the blasting parameters of the hole layout, and the blasting space range of the underground mine. The feasible region of blast holes includes the blast hole positions of multiple blast holes.
[0029] The borehole layout module is used to obtain a borehole layout scheme based on the borehole feasible region and the set blasting optimization model.
[0030] The blasting optimization model aims to minimize the sum of errors between the bottom distance of the borehole and the average bottom distance of the borehole. The arrangement of the boreholes includes the selection of target borehole locations from the feasible region of the boreholes.
[0031] In the above scheme, the blasting optimization model is as follows:
[0032]
[0033]
[0034] Where i is the index of the feasible region of the borehole. Let be the positive error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance. g i Let be the negative error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance, 'st' represent the constraint rule, and 'x' be the value of the error. i x is the decision variable. i=0 indicates that the i-th borehole is not in the layout scheme, x i =1 indicates that the i-th borehole is a borehole in the layout scheme, H a d represents the feasible region of the borehole. he d is the average hole bottom distance. he d is the set hole bottom distance. ht x is the set tolerance for the hole bottom distance. i,q Let x be the decision variable for the gun holes in the first subset. i,p H is the decision variable for the boreholes in the second subset. sub1 i H represents the first subset of the i-th gun holes. sub2 i This represents the second subset of the i-th gun hole. This represents the distance between the bottom of the i-th borehole and the boreholes in the first subset.
[0035] In the above scheme, the hole layout blasting parameters include: the first angle of the left side hole and the second angle of the right side hole; the generation module is specifically used for:
[0036] Add the left side hole to the feasible region of the blast hole, and determine the first angle as the current angle of the blast hole;
[0037] The angle of the next blast hole is obtained based on the current blast hole angle and the incremental angle update. The starting point and ending point of the next blast hole are determined based on the angle of the next blast hole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine.
[0038] The newly generated next borehole is added to the borehole feasible region until the angle of the updated next borehole is greater than or equal to the second angle. Then, the right side hole is added to the borehole feasible region as the last borehole.
[0039] The incremental angle is determined based on the current borehole depth and the borehole layout design accuracy.
[0040] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor, wherein, when the processor is used to run the computer program, it executes the steps of the method described in the first aspect of embodiments of this application.
[0041] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the first aspect of embodiments of this application.
[0042] The technical solution provided in this application involves obtaining borehole blasting parameters, which characterize the parameter requirements related to blasting in underground mines; generating a feasible region for blast holes based on the borehole design accuracy, drill core point coordinates, borehole blasting parameters, and the blasting space range of the underground mine, the feasible region for blast holes includes the locations of multiple blast holes; and obtaining a blast hole layout scheme based on the feasible region for blast holes and a set blasting optimization model. The blasting optimization model aims to minimize the sum of errors between the bottom distance of the blast holes and the average bottom distance, and the blast hole layout scheme includes: target blast hole locations selected from the feasible region for blast holes. In this way, by combining the spatial constraints of blasting boundary and the parameter requirements related to blasting, the optimal layout of blast holes in underground mines can be achieved, maximizing the uniformity of the bottom distance between blast holes and effectively improving the blasting quality in underground mines. At the same time, it enables automated hole layout and blasting design in underground mines, greatly reducing the workload of mining design technicians and avoiding the arbitrariness and error-proneness of manual interactive design adjustments, thereby effectively improving the layout efficiency of blast holes and the blasting effect in underground mines. Attached Figure Description
[0043] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for arranging blast holes in an underground mine according to an embodiment of this application.
[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the blasting space range for deep-hole blasting design in an underground mine, as shown in an application example of this application.
[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first borehole and its corresponding first subset in the feasible region of boreholes in an application example of this application;
[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first borehole and the corresponding second subset in the feasible region of boreholes in an application example of this application;
[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the borehole layout scheme for blasting design in an application example of this application;
[0048] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement device for underground mine blast holes according to an embodiment of this application;
[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0050] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
[0052] This application provides a method for arranging blast holes in underground mines, which can be applied to electronic devices with data processing capabilities, such as laptops, desktop computers, or servers, to automatically generate blast hole arrangement schemes for underground mines. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:
[0053] Step 101: Obtain the hole layout blasting parameters, which characterize the parameter requirements related to blasting in the underground mine.
[0054] Step 102: Based on the hole layout design accuracy, the core point coordinates of the drilling rig, the hole layout blasting parameters, and the blasting space range of the underground mine, generate a feasible region for the blast holes, which includes the locations of multiple blast holes.
[0055] Step 103: Based on the feasible region of the boreholes and the set blasting optimization model, obtain the arrangement scheme of the boreholes; wherein, the blasting optimization model takes the minimum sum of error values between the bottom distance of the boreholes and the average bottom distance of the boreholes as the optimization objective, and the arrangement scheme of the boreholes includes: the target borehole positions selected from the feasible region of the boreholes.
[0056] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can combine the blasting boundary space constraints and blasting-related parameter requirements to achieve the optimal layout of blast holes in underground mines, maximize the uniformity of the hole bottom distance between blast holes, and effectively improve the blasting quality of underground mines; at the same time, it realizes automated hole layout and blasting design in underground mines, greatly reducing the workload of mining design technicians, and avoiding the arbitrariness and error-proneness of manual interactive design adjustments, thereby effectively improving the layout efficiency of blast holes and the blasting effect in underground mines.
[0057] For example, the blasting optimization model is as follows:
[0058]
[0059]
[0060] Where i is the index of the feasible region of the borehole. Let be the positive error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance. g i Let be the negative error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance, 'st' represent the constraint rule, and 'x' be the value of the error. ix is the decision variable. i =0 indicates that the i-th borehole is not in the layout scheme, x i =1 indicates that the i-th borehole is a borehole in the layout scheme, H a d represents the feasible region of the borehole. he d is the average hole bottom distance. he d is the set hole bottom distance. ht x is the set tolerance for the hole bottom distance. i,q Let x be the decision variable for the gun holes in the first subset. i,p H is the decision variable for the boreholes in the second subset. sub1 i H represents the first subset of the i-th gun holes. sub2 i This represents the second subset of the i-th gun hole. This represents the distance between the bottom of the i-th borehole and the boreholes in the first subset.
[0061] Here, unless otherwise defined, the hole bottom distance refers to the distance between the bottom of a hole and its adjacent hole. For example, for hole i and its adjacent hole j, the vertical distance from the bottom of hole i to hole j is d1, and the vertical distance from the bottom of hole j to hole i is d2. The smaller of d1 and d2 is the hole bottom distance of hole i.
[0062] For example, the above blasting optimization model can be solved using the branch and bound method or the simplex method to obtain x. i The blast holes with a value of 1 are the blast holes in the final layout scheme, x i Holes with a value of 0 are not included in the final layout plan. This allows for the automated design of hole layouts, significantly reducing the workload of mining design technicians and avoiding the arbitrariness and error-proneness inherent in manual design adjustments. Consequently, it effectively improves the efficiency of hole layout and the blasting effect in underground mines.
[0063] Exemplarily, the method further includes:
[0064] For any first borehole in the feasible region of the boreholes, construct the first subset and the second subset;
[0065] Wherein, the angle of the second borehole in the first subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and d he -d ht ≤ Distance between the bottom of the second borehole and the first borehole ≤ d he +d ht The angle of the third borehole in the second subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and the bottom distance between the third borehole and the first borehole is ≤ d. he+d ht .
[0066] For example, the hole layout blasting parameters include: a first angle of the left side hole and a second angle of the right side hole; generating the feasible region of the blast holes based on the hole layout design accuracy, the core point coordinates of the drilling rig, the hole layout blasting parameters, and the blasting space range of the underground mine includes:
[0067] Add the left side hole to the feasible region of the blast hole, and determine the first angle as the current angle of the blast hole;
[0068] The angle of the next blast hole is obtained based on the current blast hole angle and the incremental angle update. The starting point and ending point of the next blast hole are determined based on the angle of the next blast hole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine.
[0069] The newly generated next borehole is added to the borehole feasible region until the angle of the updated next borehole is greater than or equal to the second angle. Then, the right side hole is added to the borehole feasible region as the last borehole.
[0070] The incremental angle is determined based on the current borehole depth and the borehole layout design accuracy.
[0071] It is understandable that by automatically updating the angle of the next borehole based on the above method, and obtaining the start and end points of the next borehole, the search and construction of the feasible region of the borehole in this embodiment of the application is realized.
[0072] For example, the borehole blasting parameters further include: a first predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the rock-ore interface, a second predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the boundary of the goaf, a third predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the roadway boundary, and a fourth distance from the bottom of the borehole to the blasting boundary; the step of determining the start and end points of the next borehole based on the angle of the next borehole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine includes:
[0073] Using the core point coordinates of the drilling rig as a reference point, the ray is determined based on the angle of the next blast hole. The first intersection point of the ray and the roadway boundary defined by the blasting space range is obtained, and the first intersection point is taken as the starting point of the next blast hole.
[0074] Find a second intersection point between the ray and any one of the following: the rock-mineral interface defined by the blasting space, the goaf boundary, the boundary of other roadways, and the blasting boundary. Determine the endpoint of the next blast hole based on the second intersection point. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the rock-mineral interface, extend the second intersection point along the ray's forward direction by a first predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the goaf boundary, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a second predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the boundary of other roadways, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a third predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the blasting boundary, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a fourth predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint.
[0075] The method of this application embodiment will be illustrated below with reference to an application example.
[0076] In this application embodiment, the method for arranging blast holes in an underground mine includes the following steps:
[0077] Step 1: Set the hole layout and blasting parameters
[0078] It is understood that designers can input the hole layout and blasting parameters of this application embodiment onto an electronic device using a human-computer interaction device. Here, the hole layout and blasting parameters include: maximum hole depth d. hmax The set hole bottom distance d he The set tolerance d for the hole bottom distance ht The first predetermined distance d from the bottom of the borehole to the ore-rock interface ho The second predetermined distance d from the bottom of the blast hole to the boundary of the goaf. hm The third predetermined distance d from the bottom of the blast hole to the boundary of the tunnel. hl The fourth distance d from the bottom of the blast hole to the blast boundary hb The first angle α of the left side hole l And the second angle α of the right side hole r .
[0079] It should be noted that the first angle α of the left side hole l And the second angle α of the right side hole r The working range of the drilling equipment can be determined, for example, the first angle α of the left side hole. l And the second angle α of the right side hole r It can be set to two pre-defined extreme angles.
[0080] Step 2: Search for feasible areas of blast holes
[0081] Assuming the orifice design accuracy is the Combined with the core point coordinates of the drilling rig (x d0 ,y d0 ,z d0 The blasting space range and the feasible region for searching blast holes are denoted as set H. a The specific process is as follows:
[0082] (1) Add the left side hole to set H a In the set, h1 is the first element, and the corresponding angle is α1, and the corresponding hole depth is d1.
[0083] (2) Let the current angle be α. temp α temp =α1;
[0084] (3) Calculate set H a The angle increment Δα of the next element i in the middle
[0085] (4) Update α temp =α temp +Δα;
[0086] (5) Using the core point coordinates of the drilling rig (x d0 ,y d0 ,z d0 Using α as the reference point temp Draw a ray for the angle, and find the first intersection point (x, y) of the ray with the boundary of the tunnel. d1 ,y d1 ,z d1 And take the intersection point as element h. i The starting point; further find the intersection point (x) of the ray with any object at the interface between the ray and the rock-ore boundary, the boundary of the goaf, the blasting boundary, or other roadway boundaries. d2 ,y d2 ,z d2 ), when the intersection point (x d2 ,y d2 ,z d2 When ) is the intersection of the ray and the interface between the ore and rock, the intersection point extends d along the direction of the ray's propagation. ho And take the extended intersection point as element h. i The endpoint, when the intersection (x d2 ,y d2 ,z d2 When ) is the intersection of the ray and the boundary of the goaf, the intersection point moves backward by d along the direction of the ray's advance. hm And take the intersection point after the retreat as element h. i The endpoint, when the intersection (x d2 ,y d2 ,z d2 When ) is the intersection of the ray and the blast boundary, the intersection point moves backward by d along the direction of the ray's advance.hb And take the intersection point after the retreat as element h. i The endpoint, when the intersection (x d2 ,y d2 ,z d2 When ) is the intersection of the ray and other roadway boundaries, the intersection point moves backward by d along the ray's direction of travel. hl And take the intersection point after the retreat as element h. i The end point;
[0087] (6) When α temp <α r If the condition is met, proceed to step (3); otherwise, proceed to the next step.
[0088] (7) Add the right side hole to set H a In the set, it is the last element.
[0089] Step 3: Construct relationships between feasible domains
[0090] For set H a Any element h in i Construct a first subset H sub1 i H sub1 i any element in The following two conditions must be met:
[0091] (1)
[0092] (2)α i <α 1 i,j
[0093] in, h i and The hole bottom distance between them, α 1 i,j For H sub1 i any element The angle.
[0094] For set H a Any element h in i Construct a second subset H sub2 i H sub2 i any element in The following two conditions must be met:
[0095] (1)
[0096] (2)αi <α 2 i,j
[0097] in, h i and The hole bottom distance between them, α 2 i,j For H sub2 i any element The angle.
[0098] Step 4: Establish a mathematical model for the optimal design of hole layout blasting (i.e., the aforementioned blasting optimization model).
[0099] The mathematical model is defined as follows:
[0100] parameter:
[0101] n: Size of the feasible region
[0102] index:
[0103] i, p, q: Indices of the feasible region
[0104] Decision variables:
[0105]
[0106] The positive and negative deviation of the hole bottom distance of the i-th borehole from the average hole bottom distance
[0107] d he Average hole bottom distance in the final hole layout scheme
[0108] Objective function:
[0109] Constraints:
[0110] (1) Logical constraints of decision variables
[0111] x i =0 or 1,
[0112]
[0113] d he -d ht ≤d he ≤d he +d ht
[0114] (2) The left and right side holes must be constrained by the boreholes in the final hole layout scheme.
[0115] x1=1
[0116] x n =1
[0117] (3) Second subset H sub2 i At least one element is a borehole constraint in the final borehole layout scheme.
[0118]
[0119] (4) Constraint on uniformity of borehole bottom distance in the final borehole layout scheme
[0120]
[0121] Step 5: Solve the mathematical model for the optimal design of the hole layout blasting to obtain the hole layout scheme.
[0122] The above blasting optimization model is solved using the branch-and-bound method or the simplex method to obtain x. i The blast holes with a value of 1 are the blast holes in the final layout scheme, x i A borehole with a value of 0 is not a borehole in the final layout.
[0123] In one application example, the blasting space range of a deep-hole blasting design in an underground mine is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The diagram shows the rock-ore interface 1, blasting boundary 2, goaf boundary 3, drilling rig core point location 4, and roadway boundary 5.
[0124] The obtained blasting parameters include: maximum hole depth 20m, hole bottom distance 2.0m, hole bottom distance tolerance 0.2m, distance from hole bottom to rock interface 0.5m, distance from hole bottom to goaf boundary 0.5m, distance from hole bottom to roadway boundary 0.5m, distance from hole bottom to blasting boundary 0.5m, angle of left side hole 45°, and angle of right side hole 135°.
[0125] Assuming a borehole design accuracy of 0.01m, and combining the core point coordinates of the drilling rig with the blasting space range, a feasible region for the boreholes is searched. Taking the first borehole in the feasible region as an example, the first subset is constructed, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the first borehole 6 and a first subset 7 of the first borehole are illustrated; the second subset is constructed as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the first borehole 6 and the second subset 8 of the first borehole are shown.
[0126] A mathematical model for the optimal design of borehole layout blasting was established and solved to obtain the final borehole arrangement scheme, as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Figure 5As shown in the example, the positions of 11 blast holes between the left and right holes can be automatically arranged. This achieves optimal blast hole arrangement in underground mines by combining blasting boundary space constraints and blasting parameter requirements, maximizing the uniformity of the hole bottom distance and effectively improving the blasting quality in underground mines. Simultaneously, it enables automated blasting design for underground mines, greatly reducing the workload of mining design technicians and avoiding the arbitrariness and error-proneness inherent in manual design adjustments.
[0127] To implement the method of this application embodiment, this application embodiment also provides an arrangement device for underground mine blast holes, which is installed in an electronic device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the underground mine borehole layout device includes: an acquisition module 601, a generation module 602, and a borehole layout module 603. The acquisition module 601 acquires borehole blasting parameters, which characterize the parameter requirements related to blasting in the underground mine. The generation module 602 generates a feasible region for boreholes based on the borehole design accuracy, the coordinates of the drill core point, the borehole blasting parameters, and the blasting space range of the underground mine. The feasible region includes the positions of multiple boreholes. The borehole layout module 603 obtains a borehole layout scheme based on the feasible region and a set blasting optimization model. The blasting optimization model aims to minimize the sum of errors between the borehole bottom distance and the average borehole bottom distance. The borehole layout scheme includes target borehole positions selected from the feasible region.
[0128] For example, the blasting optimization model is as follows:
[0129]
[0130]
[0131] Where i is the index of the feasible region of the borehole. Let be the positive error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance. g i Let be the negative error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance, 'st' represent the constraint rule, and 'x' be the value of the error. i x is the decision variable. i =0 indicates that the i-th borehole is not in the layout scheme, x i =1 indicates that the i-th borehole is a borehole in the layout scheme, H a d represents the feasible region of the borehole. he d is the average hole bottom distance. he d is the set hole bottom distance. ht x is the set tolerance for the hole bottom distance. i,q Let x be the decision variable for the gun holes in the first subset.i,p H is the decision variable for the boreholes in the second subset. sub1 i H represents the first subset of the i-th gun holes. sub2 i This represents the second subset of the i-th gun hole. This represents the distance between the bottom of the i-th borehole and the boreholes in the first subset.
[0132] For example, the generation module 602 is further configured to:
[0133] For any first borehole in the feasible region of the boreholes, construct the first subset and the second subset;
[0134] Wherein, the angle of the second borehole in the first subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and d he -d ht ≤ Distance between the bottom of the second borehole and the first borehole ≤ d he +d ht The angle of the third borehole in the second subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and the bottom distance between the third borehole and the first borehole is ≤ d. he +d ht .
[0135] For example, the hole layout blasting parameters include: a first angle of the left side hole and a second angle of the right side hole; the generation module 602 is specifically used for:
[0136] Add the left side hole to the feasible region of the blast hole, and determine the first angle as the current angle of the blast hole;
[0137] The angle of the next blast hole is obtained based on the current blast hole angle and the incremental angle update. The starting point and ending point of the next blast hole are determined based on the angle of the next blast hole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine.
[0138] The newly generated next borehole is added to the borehole feasible region until the angle of the updated next borehole is greater than or equal to the second angle. Then, the right side hole is added to the borehole feasible region as the last borehole.
[0139] The incremental angle is determined based on the current borehole depth and the borehole layout design accuracy.
[0140] For example, the borehole blasting parameters further include: a first predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the rock-ore interface, a second predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the boundary of the goaf, a third predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the roadway boundary, and a fourth distance from the bottom of the borehole to the blasting boundary; the step of determining the start and end points of the next borehole based on the angle of the next borehole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine includes:
[0141] Using the core point coordinates of the drilling rig as a reference point, the ray is determined based on the angle of the next blast hole. The first intersection point of the ray and the roadway boundary defined by the blasting space range is obtained, and the first intersection point is taken as the starting point of the next blast hole.
[0142] Find a second intersection point between the ray and any one of the following: the rock-mineral interface defined by the blasting space, the goaf boundary, the boundary of other roadways, and the blasting boundary. Determine the endpoint of the next blast hole based on the second intersection point. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the rock-mineral interface, extend the second intersection point along the ray's forward direction by a first predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the goaf boundary, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a second predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the boundary of other roadways, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a third predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the blasting boundary, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a fourth predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint.
[0143] In practical applications, the acquisition module 601, the generation module 602, and the borehole layout module 603 can be implemented by a processor in an electronic device. Of course, the processor needs to run a computer program in memory to perform its functions.
[0144] It should be noted that the underground mine blast hole arrangement device provided in the above embodiments is only illustrated by the division of the above-described program modules when arranging underground mine blast holes. In practical applications, the above processing can be assigned to different program modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different program modules to complete all or part of the processing described above. In addition, the underground mine blast hole arrangement device and the underground mine blast hole arrangement method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
[0145] Based on the hardware implementation of the above program modules, and in order to implement the method of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device. Figure 7This is only an exemplary structure of the device, not the entire structure; it can be implemented as needed. Figure 7 The structure shown may be part or all of the structure.
[0146] like Figure 7 As shown, the device 700 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 701, a memory 702, a user interface 703, and at least one network interface 704. The various components in the electronic device 700 are coupled together via a bus system 705. It can be understood that the bus system 705 is used to implement communication between these components. In addition to a data bus, the bus system 705 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity, in... Figure 7 The general labeled all buses as Bus System 705.
[0147] The user interface 703 may include a monitor, keyboard, mouse, trackball, click wheel, buttons, touchpad, or touch screen.
[0148] The memory 702 in this embodiment is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the electronic device. Examples of such data include any computer program used to operate on the electronic device.
[0149] The method for arranging blast holes in underground mines disclosed in this application can be applied to, or implemented by, a processor 701. The processor 701 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the method for arranging blast holes in underground mines can be completed by integrated logic circuits in the hardware of the processor 701 or by instructions in software form. The processor 701 can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 701 can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as execution by a hardware decoding processor, or execution by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can be located in a storage medium, specifically memory 702. The processor 701 reads information from memory 702 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the method for arranging blast holes in underground mines provided in the embodiments of this application.
[0150] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), DSPs, programmable logic devices (PLDs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), FPGAs, general-purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers (MCUs), microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the aforementioned methods.
[0151] It is understood that memory 702 can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or both. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), ferromagnetic random access memory (FRAM), flash memory, magnetic surface memory, optical disc, or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM); magnetic surface memory can be disk storage or magnetic tape storage. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Synchronous Static Random Access Memory (SSRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (ESDRAM), SyncLink Dynamic Random Access Memory (SLDRAM), and Direct Rambus Random Access Memory (DRRAM).The memories described in the embodiments of this application are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.
[0152] In an exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a storage medium, namely a computer storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium, such as a memory 702 that stores a computer program. The computer program can be executed by a processor 701 of an electronic device to complete the steps described in the method of this application embodiment. The computer-readable storage medium can be a ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash Memory, magnetic surface memory, optical disc, or CD-ROM, etc.
[0153] It should be noted that terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.
[0154] Furthermore, the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application can be combined arbitrarily without conflict.
[0155] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for arranging blast holes in an underground mine, characterized in that, include: Obtain the hole layout blasting parameters, which characterize the parameter requirements related to blasting in the underground mine; Based on the hole layout design accuracy, the core point coordinates of the drilling rig, the hole layout blasting parameters, and the blasting space range of the underground mine, a feasible region for the blast holes is generated, which includes the blast hole positions of multiple blast holes. Based on the feasible region of the boreholes and the established blasting optimization model, the arrangement scheme of the boreholes is obtained. The blasting optimization model aims to minimize the sum of errors between the bottom distance of the borehole and the average bottom distance of the borehole. The arrangement of the boreholes includes: the target borehole positions selected from the feasible region of the boreholes. The blasting optimization model is as follows: ； ； Where i is the index of the feasible region of the borehole. Let be the positive error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance. Let be the negative error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance, and let st represent the constraint rule. As decision variables, =0 indicates that the i-th borehole is not in the layout scheme. =1 indicates that the i-th borehole is a borehole in the layout scheme. This represents the feasible region of the borehole. The average hole bottom distance is... The set hole bottom distance, For the set hole bottom distance tolerance, Let these be the decision variables for the gun holes in the first subset. Let these be the decision variables for the gun holes in the second subset. This represents the first subset of the i-th gun hole. This represents the second subset of the i-th gun hole. This represents the distance between the bottom of the i-th borehole and the boreholes in the first subset; The method further includes: For any first borehole in the feasible region of the boreholes, construct the first subset and the second subset; Wherein, the angle of the second borehole in the first subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and ≤ Distance between the bottom of the second borehole and the first borehole ≤ The angle of the third borehole in the second subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and the bottom distance between the third borehole and the first borehole is ≤ .
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hole layout and blasting parameters include: the first angle of the left side hole and the second angle of the right side hole; the generation of the feasible region for the blast holes based on the hole layout design accuracy, the coordinates of the drill core point, the hole layout and blasting parameters, and the blasting space range of the underground mine includes: Add the left side hole to the feasible region of the blast hole, and determine the first angle as the current angle of the blast hole; The angle of the next blast hole is obtained based on the current blast hole angle and the incremental angle update. The starting point and ending point of the next blast hole are determined based on the angle of the next blast hole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine. The newly generated next borehole is added to the borehole feasible region until the angle of the updated next borehole is greater than or equal to the second angle. Then, the right side hole is added to the borehole feasible region as the last borehole. The incremental angle is determined based on the current borehole depth and the borehole layout design accuracy.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The borehole blasting parameters also include: a first predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the rock-ore interface, a second predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the boundary of the goaf, a third predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the roadway boundary, and a fourth predetermined distance from the bottom of the borehole to the blasting boundary; the determination of the start and end points of the next borehole based on the angle of the next borehole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine includes: Using the core point coordinates of the drilling rig as a reference point, the ray is determined based on the angle of the next blast hole. The first intersection point of the ray and the roadway boundary defined by the blasting space range is obtained, and the first intersection point is taken as the starting point of the next blast hole. Find a second intersection point between the ray and any one of the following: the rock-mineral interface defined by the blasting space, the goaf boundary, the boundary of other roadways, and the blasting boundary. Determine the endpoint of the next blast hole based on the second intersection point. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the rock-mineral interface, extend the second intersection point along the ray's forward direction by a first predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the goaf boundary, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a second predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the boundary of other roadways, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a third predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint. If the second intersection point is the intersection of the ray and the blasting boundary, move the second intersection point back along the ray's forward direction by a fourth predetermined distance to obtain the endpoint.
4. A device for arranging blast holes in an underground mine, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the hole layout blasting parameters, which characterize the parameter requirements related to blasting in the underground mine; The generation module is used to generate a feasible region of blast holes based on the hole layout design accuracy, the coordinates of the drill core point, the blasting parameters of the hole layout, and the blasting space range of the underground mine. The feasible region of blast holes includes the blast hole positions of multiple blast holes. The borehole layout module is used to obtain a borehole layout scheme based on the borehole feasible region and the set blasting optimization model. The blasting optimization model aims to minimize the sum of errors between the bottom distance of the borehole and the average bottom distance of the borehole. The arrangement of the boreholes includes: the target borehole positions selected from the feasible region of the boreholes. The blasting optimization model is as follows: ； ； Where i is the index of the feasible region of the borehole. Let be the positive error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance. Let be the negative error value between the bottom distance of the i-th borehole and the average bottom distance, and let st represent the constraint rule. As decision variables, =0 indicates that the i-th borehole is not in the layout scheme. =1 indicates that the i-th borehole is a borehole in the layout scheme. This represents the feasible region of the borehole. The average hole bottom distance is... The set hole bottom distance, For the set hole bottom distance tolerance, Let these be the decision variables for the gun holes in the first subset. Let these be the decision variables for the gun holes in the second subset. This represents the first subset of the i-th gun hole. This represents the second subset of the i-th gun hole. This represents the distance between the bottom of the i-th borehole and the boreholes in the first subset; The generation module is also used for: For any first borehole in the feasible region of the boreholes, construct the first subset and the second subset; Wherein, the angle of the second borehole in the first subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and ≤ Distance between the bottom of the second borehole and the first borehole ≤ The angle of the third borehole in the second subset is greater than the angle of the first borehole, and the bottom distance between the third borehole and the first borehole is ≤ .
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hole layout blasting parameters include: the first angle of the left side hole and the second angle of the right side hole; the generation module is specifically used for: Add the left side hole to the feasible region of the blast hole, and determine the first angle as the current angle of the blast hole; The angle of the next blast hole is obtained based on the current blast hole angle and the incremental angle update. The starting point and ending point of the next blast hole are determined based on the angle of the next blast hole, the coordinates of the drilling rig core point, and the blasting space range of the underground mine. The newly generated next borehole is added to the borehole feasible region until the angle of the updated next borehole is greater than or equal to the second angle. Then, the right side hole is added to the borehole feasible region as the last borehole. The incremental angle is determined based on the current borehole depth and the borehole layout design accuracy.
6. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor and memory for storing computer programs that can run on the processor, wherein, The processor, when running a computer program, performs the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
7. A storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.