A plastering adhesive material for repairing brick joints of historical buildings and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a plastering and bonding material for repairing brick joints of cultural relic buildings and a preparation method thereof, 50-100 parts of gel materials, 20-40 parts of fine aggregates, 5-10 parts of reinforcing materials, 1-6 parts of functional materials, and 16-28 parts of other materials; the plastering and bonding material of the traditional mortar material is improved and optimized in combination with science and technology, so that the requirements of wall protection are met. The damage of water freezing and thawing cycle, moss or mold breeding and the like to the material quality of the brick wall of the cultural relic building is greatly eliminated, and the technical requirements of the mortar material of the ancient building in the Chinese Cultural Relic Protection Guidelines (2017 revised edition) are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of protection and restoration technology for mortar joint repair in cultural heritage buildings, and particularly to a plastering adhesive material for repairing brick joints in cultural heritage buildings and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The brick walls of historical buildings often suffer from expansion and contraction due to moisture, as well as the failure of adhesive mortar materials. Traditional techniques often involve applying hemp fiber and scraping mortar. Currently, a semi-transparent protective mortar is used on the walls, achieving a protective effect. However, several problems exist, mainly including: the mortar fails to reflect the historical authenticity of the protected ancient building, turning it into a replica; the mortar does not meet adequate protection requirements, even with good waterproofing, its breathability is poor; traditional materials are rarely used and lack significant improvements, leading to its rejection in many practical conservation projects; there is a lack of efficient methods for removing old paint and mortar, causing some damage to the ancient building; and the mortar used forms a film on the surface that alters the color and texture of the substrate, lacking compatibility and reversibility. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plastering adhesive material for repairing brick joints in cultural heritage buildings and its preparation method. It mainly focuses on improving and optimizing the hemp fiber plastering adhesive material for repairing brick joints in brick walls of cultural heritage buildings, combining traditional mortar materials with scientific and technological advancements to meet the requirements of wall protection; it can be used for grouting and patching brick joints in cultural heritage buildings.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a method for preparing a plastering adhesive material for repairing brick joints in cultural relics buildings. The material composition includes, by weight, 50-100 parts of gel material, 20-40 parts of fine aggregate, 5-10 parts of reinforcing material, 1-6 parts of functional material, and 16-28 parts of other materials.

[0006] Other materials include, by weight, 10-15 parts boiled tung oil, 2-5 parts egg white, and 8-20 parts water.

[0007] Specifically, the gel material includes 5-15 parts glutinous rice flour, 30-60 parts slaked lime Ca(OH)2, 10-15 parts clay, and 5-10 parts ultrafine wollastonite powder.

[0008] Specifically, the fine aggregate is natural sand.

[0009] Specifically, the reinforcing material comprises 3 to 6 parts hemp fiber and 2 to 4 parts wood fiber.

[0010] Specifically, the functional material includes 0.5 to 1.5 parts antifreeze, 0.2 to 0.5 parts anti-cracking agent, 0.2 to 2 parts bactericide, and 0.1 to 2 parts water-retaining agent.

[0011] Specifically, the antifreeze is a 1:1 mixture of calcium chloride and sodium acetate; the crack-resistant agent is calcium lignosulfonate; and the bactericide is citric acid.

[0012] The preparation steps for the plastering adhesive material are as follows:

[0013] S1. Prepare glutinous rice paste;

[0014] Mix glutinous rice flour and water, and place it in a water bath at a constant temperature of 100℃ for 2 to 3 hours. During the water bath heating process, stir the glutinous rice paste continuously to ensure that the glutinous rice is evenly dispersed in the water. Add water in time during the stirring process to keep the mass percentage concentration at 3 to 5%. After cooking, let the glutinous rice paste stand and let it cool naturally to room temperature before use.

[0015] S2. The glutinous rice paste prepared in step S1 is mixed with quicklime Ca(OH)2, clay, ultrafine wollastonite powder, hemp fiber, wood fiber, tung oil, egg white, antifreeze, crack-resistant agent, bactericide, and water-retaining agent and stirred evenly. Using a stirrer, the mixture is first stirred at a speed of 20-45 rpm, and then at a speed of 80-120 rpm for 10-60 minutes to obtain the finished product.

[0016] Specifically, the length of the hemp knife used in step S2 is 1.5 to 3.5 cm.

[0017] This invention provides a plastering adhesive material for repairing brick joints in cultural relics buildings, which is prepared using the above-mentioned method for preparing plastering adhesive materials for repairing brick joints in cultural relics buildings.

[0018] After the plastering adhesive material is used in ancient buildings, the on-site curing conditions are to cover the area where the mortar is applied with plastic film to avoid light as much as possible, spray the surface of the mortar material with a spray bottle every 12 hours to ensure a certain high humidity, and cure for more than 14 days.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] This application improves and optimizes the hemp-fiber ash plastering adhesive material for repairing brick joints in brick walls of historical buildings, combining traditional mortar materials with scientific technology to meet the requirements of wall protection. It greatly eliminates damage to the brick wall material of historical buildings caused by freeze-thaw cycles, moss, or mold growth. Referring to the technical requirements for mortar materials in ancient buildings in the "Guidelines for the Protection of Chinese Cultural Relics and Historic Sites (2017 Revised Edition)," the following requirements apply: uniform and stable appearance; water-dilutable inorganic mortar; non-toxic, odorless, does not alter the appearance of the ancient building, and possesses the advantages of traditional materials, with excellent waterproof and breathable properties; good thixotropy, no dripping loss, especially suitable for facade construction, minimizing construction losses and saving raw material costs. Detailed Implementation

[0021] This embodiment discloses a plastering adhesive material for repairing brick joints in cultural relics buildings and its preparation method. The material composition includes 50-100 parts of gel material, 20-40 parts of fine aggregate, 5-10 parts of reinforcing material, 1-6 parts of functional material, and 16-28 parts of other materials by mass.

[0022] Other materials include, by weight, 10-15 parts boiled tung oil, 2-5 parts egg white, and 8-20 parts water.

[0023] The gelling material comprises 5-15 parts glutinous rice flour, 30-60 parts slaked lime Ca(OH)2, 10-15 parts clay, and 5-10 parts ultrafine wollastonite powder; the fine aggregate is natural sand; the reinforcing material comprises 3-6 parts hemp fiber and 2-4 parts wood fiber; the length of the hemp fiber used is 1.5-3.5 cm;

[0024] The functional material includes 0.5 to 1.5 parts antifreeze, 0.2 to 0.5 parts crack-resistant agent, 0.2 to 2 parts bactericide, and 0.1 to 2 parts water-retaining agent; the antifreeze is a 1:1 mixture of calcium chloride and sodium acetate; the crack-resistant agent is calcium lignosulfonate; and the bactericide is citric acid.

[0025] The preparation steps of its plastering adhesive material are as follows:

[0026] S1. Prepare glutinous rice paste;

[0027] Mix glutinous rice flour and water, and place it in a water bath at a constant temperature of 100℃ for 2 to 3 hours. During the water bath heating process, stir the glutinous rice paste continuously to ensure that the glutinous rice is evenly dispersed in the water. Add water in time during the stirring process to keep the mass percentage concentration at 3 to 5%. After cooking, let the glutinous rice paste stand and let it cool naturally to room temperature before use.

[0028] S2. The glutinous rice paste prepared in step S1 is mixed with quicklime Ca(OH)2, clay, ultrafine wollastonite powder, hemp fiber, wood fiber, tung oil, egg white, antifreeze, crack-resistant agent, bactericide, and water-retaining agent and stirred evenly. Using a stirrer, the mixture is first stirred at a speed of 20-45 rpm, and then at a speed of 80-120 rpm for 10-60 minutes to obtain the finished product.

[0029] When the plastering adhesive material is used in ancient buildings, the on-site curing conditions are to cover the area where the mortar is applied with a plastic film to avoid light as much as possible, spray the surface of the mortar material with a spray bottle every 12 hours to ensure a certain high humidity, and cure for more than 14 days.

[0030] Evaluation indicators for mortar materials include basic physical performance tests such as water absorption rate and shrinkage rate, mechanical property tests such as tensile bond strength and tensile bond strength after freeze-thaw cycles; as a plastering adhesive for the restoration of cultural relics and buildings, it can simultaneously improve the performance of plastering adhesive materials and their compatibility with cultural relics and buildings.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] Take the following raw materials in the indicated weight ratios: 5 parts cooked glutinous rice flour, 30 parts slaked lime Ca(OH)2, 10 parts clay, 5 parts ultrafine wollastonite powder, 20 parts natural sand, 3 parts hemp fiber, 2 parts wood fiber, 0.5 parts of a 1:1 mixture of calcium chloride and sodium acetate, 0.2 parts calcium lignosulfonate, 0.2 parts citric acid, 0.5 parts water-retaining agent, 10 parts boiled tung oil, and 2 parts egg white. Add the above-mentioned raw materials in the indicated weight ratios to a mixer. First, mix the ingredients at a speed of 20-45 rpm for 20 minutes, then mix at a speed of 80-120 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain product A.

[0033] Example 2:

[0034] Take the following raw materials in the following mass ratio: 10 parts cooked glutinous rice flour, 45 parts slaked lime Ca(OH)2, 10 parts clay, 7.5 parts ultrafine wollastonite powder, 30 parts natural sand, 3 parts hemp fiber, 3 parts wood fiber, 1 part of a 1:1 mixture of calcium chloride and sodium acetate, 0.5 parts calcium lignosulfonate, 1 part citric acid, 1 part water-retaining agent, 13 parts boiled tung oil, and 3 parts egg white. Add the above raw materials in the following mass ratio to a mixer. First, mix the ingredients at a speed of 20-45 rpm for 20 minutes, then mix them at a speed of 80-120 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain product B.

[0035] Example 3:

[0036] Take the following raw materials in the indicated weight ratios: 15 parts cooked glutinous rice flour, 60 parts slaked lime Ca(OH)2, 15 parts clay, 10 parts ultrafine wollastonite powder, 40 parts natural sand, 3 parts hemp fiber, 4 parts wood fiber, 1.5 parts of a 1:1 mixture of calcium chloride and sodium acetate, 0.5 parts calcium lignosulfonate, 2 parts citric acid, 1 part water-retaining agent, 15 parts boiled tung oil, and 5 parts egg white. Add the above-mentioned raw materials in the indicated weight ratios to a mixer. First, mix the ingredients at a speed of 20-45 rpm for 20 minutes, then mix them at a speed of 80-120 rpm for 15 minutes to obtain the finished product C.

[0037] Comparative Example 1:

[0038] The preparation method of Example 1 was followed, except that wood fiber and calcium lignosulfonate were not added, to obtain D1, a hemp fiber plastering adhesive for repairing brick joints in cultural relics buildings.

[0039] Comparative Example 2:

[0040] The preparation method of Example 2 was followed, except that no stirrer was used, and the material was stirred manually for 10 minutes to obtain D2, a type of hemp fiber plastering adhesive for repairing brick joints in cultural relics buildings.

[0041]

[0042] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a plastering adhesive material for repairing the brick joints of historic buildings, characterized by: The material composition is 50-100 parts of gel material, 20-40 parts of fine aggregate, 5-10 parts of reinforcing material, 1-6 parts of functional material, and 16-28 parts of other materials by mass fraction; The other materials are 10-15 parts of boiled tung oil, 2-5 parts of egg white, and 8-20 parts of water by mass fraction; The gel material includes 5-15 parts of glutinous rice powder, 30-60 parts of slaked lime Ca(OH)2, 10-15 parts of clay, and 5-10 parts of ultra-fine wollastonite powder; The reinforcing material is 3-6 parts of hemp blade and 2-4 parts of wood fiber; The functional material is 0.5-1.5 parts of anti-freezing agent, 0.2-0.5 parts of anti-cracking agent, 0.2-2 parts of bactericide, and 0.1-2 parts of water-retaining agent; The anti-freezing agent is a mixture of calcium chloride and sodium acetate at a ratio of 1:1; the anti-cracking agent is calcium lignosulfonate; and the bactericide is citric acid; The preparation steps of the plaster bonding material are as follows: S1, glutinous rice syrup is boiled; Glutinous rice powder and water are mixed and placed in a water bath at a constant temperature of 100°C for 2-3 hours. During the water bath heating process, the glutinous rice syrup is continuously stirred to disperse the glutinous rice uniformly in the water. Water is supplemented in time during the stirring process to ensure that the mass percentage concentration always meets the requirement of 3-5%. After the boiling is completed, the glutinous rice syrup is left to cool naturally to room temperature and then is ready for use. S2, the glutinous rice syrup boiled in step S1 is mixed with slaked lime Ca(OH)2, clay, ultra-fine wollastonite powder, hemp blade, wood fiber, boiled tung oil, egg white, anti-freezing agent, anti-cracking agent, bactericide, and water-retaining agent, and is uniformly stirred. The stirrer is first used to stir at a speed of 20-45 revolutions per minute, and then at a speed of 80-120 revolutions per minute. After uniform stirring for 10-60 minutes, the finished product is obtained.

2. The method for preparing a plastering adhesive material for repairing a brick joint of a historic building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine aggregate is natural sand.

3. The preparation method of the plaster bonding material for repairing the brick joints of cultural heritage buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the hemp blade used in step S2 is 1.5-3.5 cm.

4. A plastering adhesive material for repairing mortar joints of historic buildings, characterized by: It is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-3.

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