Tunnel support type steel arch precise assembling sample and assembling method

Abstract

A precision assembly template and method for tunnel support steel arch frames are disclosed, comprising a base, a deformable support mechanism, an adjustable positioning beam, and an arch frame. The base includes a lower frame with an upper frame fixed to its upper end, and a construction platform is laid on the upper frame. The deformable support mechanism includes main support arms and auxiliary support arms. Multiple main support arms are fixed to the outer side of the base in left and right configurations, while multiple auxiliary support arms are rotatably mounted on the base between the main support arms. The adjustable positioning beam includes a scale, the lower end of which is connected to either the main or auxiliary support arm, and a positioning clamp is installed at the upper end of the scale. The arch frame is placed on the scale and positioned by the positioning clamp. This invention provides a precision assembly template and method for tunnel support steel arch frames, which can improve arch frame installation efficiency and reduce construction costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering construction technology, and in particular to a precision assembly template and assembly method for a tunnel support steel arch frame. Background Technology

[0002] With the vigorous advancement of increasingly large-scale underground tunnel construction projects and the rapid development of the construction machinery industry, mechanized and rapid tunnel construction is an inevitable trend. According to the tunnel construction process, large-scale mechanized tunnel construction is generally divided into nine work lines, with the initial support work line being a crucial component. Traditional arch frame installation is typically done manually, which has disadvantages such as high personnel input, high labor intensity, low construction efficiency, and high safety risks. Currently, tunnel arch frame construction is primarily manual, while the use of arch frame trolleys for assisted installation is gradually being promoted. To ensure the reduction of arch frame support cycle time and improve the overall efficiency of support construction, an arch frame assembly tooling is needed to interface and match with the arch frame trolley, facilitating its efficient application. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a precise assembly template and assembly method for tunnel support steel arch frames, which can reduce the labor intensity of workers, reduce labor costs, avoid safety risks in tunnel excavation, accelerate the timely support and closure of the excavation section, improve the stability of the surrounding rock at the tunnel face, and improve the utilization efficiency of the arch support trolley.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A precision assembly template for a tunnel support steel arch frame includes a base, a deformable support mechanism, an adjustable positioning beam, and an arch frame;

[0006] The base includes a lower frame, an upper frame is fixed to the upper end of the lower frame, and a construction platform is laid on the upper frame.

[0007] The deformable support mechanism includes a main support arm and an auxiliary support arm; wherein, the main support arm is fixed to the outside of the base in multiple groups on the left and right, and the auxiliary support arm is installed on the base between the main support arms in multiple groups that can be flipped.

[0008] The adjustable positioning beam includes a scale, the lower end of which is connected to the main support arm or the auxiliary support arm, and a positioning clamp is installed at the upper end of the scale. The arch frame is placed on the scale and is limited by the positioning clamp.

[0009] Both the lower and upper frames are made of structural steel, and the construction platform is made of steel mesh.

[0010] The main support arm includes a first hydraulic cylinder. The lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the base through a first connecting plate, and the upper end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lifting lug at the bottom of the scale through a first connecting pin.

[0011] The auxiliary support arm includes a connecting column. The lower end of the connecting column is rotatably connected to the base via a high-strength hinge. The upper end of the connecting column is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder via a second connecting plate. The top of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lifting lug at the bottom of the scale via a second connecting pin.

[0012] When the connecting column is in a vertical position, the two connecting plates of the high-strength hinge are folded and locked with bolts.

[0013] The base is equipped with a ladder, the upper end of which overlaps with the upper frame.

[0014] A method for precisely assembling a steel arch frame for tunnel support includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1) Verify the structural form of the steel arch frame used for tunnel support, the tunnel slope and the spacing of the arch frames. Adjust the up and down stroke by using the first hydraulic cylinder of the main support arm and the second hydraulic cylinder of the auxiliary support arm so that the adjustable positioning crossbeam is consistent with the tunnel slope.

[0016] Step 2) Move and lock the positioning clamps on the adjustable positioning beam along the scale to determine the arch spacing;

[0017] Step 3) Using manual labor and lifting equipment, place the arch frames one by one on the adjustable positioning beam. Then, manually install the arch frame connecting bars and steel mesh on the construction platform to combine multiple arch frames into a whole according to the slope and spacing.

[0018] Step 4) Remove the bolts of the auxiliary support arm located at the high-strength hinge. After the high-strength hinge is loosened, push the two auxiliary support arms inward to make the clearance inside the arch frame meet the space of the main arm support platform of the arch frame installation trolley.

[0019] Step 5) The main boom of the arch frame installation trolley passes through the arch frame to lift the object and transports it to the working face for installation.

[0020] This invention provides a precision assembly template and assembly method for a tunnel support steel arch frame, which has the following technical advantages:

[0021] 1) By controlling the up and down stroke of the first and second hydraulic cylinders on the base, various arch frame shapes and structures can be accommodated and matched with the tunnel slope. By using rulers and positioning clamps, the arch frame can be supported and installed at fixed intervals. Multiple steel arch frames can be combined into a whole and can be hoisted one by one and placed in a field near the tunnel entrance for storage and preparation in advance for on-site support and emergency rescue.

[0022] 2) By adopting a main support arm and an auxiliary support arm, the main support arm is fixed on the left and right, while the auxiliary support arm can be flipped and set in the middle; initially, it can provide support force when assembling the steel arch frame, and later it can also free up space to allow the main arm support platform of the arch frame installation trolley to enter.

[0023] 3) This device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can be adjusted in place at once and can be assembled for a long time under the same type of support conditions. It can effectively reduce the number of workers and labor intensity, greatly shorten the process time, and is conducive to safe construction. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (a represents the influence range of the main boom support platform of the arch frame trolley).

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front structural diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the middle section (BB).

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the slope adjustment of the adjustable positioning beam in this invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is the front view of the positioning fixture in this invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a right view of the positioning fixture in this invention.

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 1 CC cross-section view.

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of DD.

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 1 The closed state diagram at point E.

[0035] Figure 11 for Figure 1 The open state diagram at point E in the middle.

[0036] Figure 12 for Figure 1 The closed state diagram at point F.

[0037] Figure 13for Figure 1 The open state diagram at point F in the middle.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Deformable support mechanism; 3. Adjustable positioning beam; 4. Ladder; 5. Arch frame; 11. Lower frame; 12. Upper frame; 13. Construction platform; 21. Main support arm; 22. Auxiliary support arm; 31. Scale; 32. Lifting lug; 33. Positioning clamp; 211. First connecting plate; 212. First hydraulic cylinder; 213. First connecting pin; 221. High-strength hinge; 222. Connecting column; 223. Second connecting plate; 224. Second hydraulic cylinder; 225. Detailed Implementation

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a precision assembly template for a tunnel support steel arch frame includes a base 1, a deformable support mechanism 2, an adjustable positioning beam 3, and an arch frame 5.

[0040] like Figure 2 , Figure 8-9 As shown, the base 1 includes a lower frame 11, with an upper frame 12 fixed to the upper end of the lower frame 11. A construction platform 13 is laid on the upper frame 12. Both the lower frame 11 and the upper frame 12 are made of steel profiles and are welded together to form an integral frame. The construction platform 13 is made of steel mesh. A staircase 4 is provided on one side of the construction platform 13, with the upper end of the staircase 4 overlapping the upper frame 12 to facilitate manual access to and from the platform.

[0041] The deformable support mechanism 2 includes a main support arm 21 and an auxiliary support arm 22. The main support arms 21 are fixed to the outside of the base 1 in multiple groups, with two groups arranged front-to-back on the left and two groups arranged front-to-back on the right in the figure. The auxiliary support arms 22 are mounted in multiple groups on the base 1 between the main support arms 21 and can be flipped. The deformable support mechanism 2 is mainly used to support the adjustable positioning beam 3 and adjust its angle.

[0042] Specifically, the main support arm 21 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 212. The lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder 212 is fixed to the base 1 via a first connecting plate 211, and the upper end of the first hydraulic cylinder 212 is hinged to the lug 32 at the bottom of the scale 31 via a first connecting pin 213. The dynamic adjustment of the deformable support mechanism 2 can be achieved by utilizing its vertical stroke.

[0043] The auxiliary support arm 22 includes a connecting column 222, the lower end of which is rotatably connected to the base 1 via a high-strength hinge 221. This allows the auxiliary support arm 22 to provide vertical support during the installation of the arch frame 5; and when the arch frame 5 needs to be moved, the auxiliary support arm 22 can be flipped and folded to provide working space for the arch frame installation trolley, facilitating the trolley's operation of the arch frame 5.

[0044] To ensure the stability of the connecting column 222 in the vertical position, additional holes are provided on the two connecting plates of the high-strength hinge 221. When the connecting column 222 is in the vertical position, the two connecting plates of the high-strength hinge 221 are folded and locked with bolts. When it is necessary to flip the connecting column 222 to the horizontal position, the bolts can be removed, allowing the two connecting plates of the high-strength hinge 221 to rotate relative to each other.

[0045] The upper end of the connecting column 222 is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder 224 via the second connecting plate 223. The top end of the second hydraulic cylinder 224 is hinged to the lug 32 at the bottom of the scale 31 via the second connecting pin 225. The dynamic adjustment of the deformable support mechanism 2 can also be achieved by extending and retracting the second hydraulic cylinder 224.

[0046] The adjustable positioning beam 3 includes a scale 31, with symmetrical graduations engraved on both sides of the scale 31. A perforated lifting lug 32 is fixed to the lower end of the scale 31, and the lower end of the lifting lug 32 is hinged to the main support arm 21 or the auxiliary support arm 22. A positioning clamp 33 is installed above the scale 31, which can move and lock on the scale 31 according to the designed spacing of the arch frame 5, precisely controlling the construction spacing of the arch frame 5 (steel profile) to meet the spacing deviation requirements of the design specifications.

[0047] The number of positioning clamps 33 is determined based on the length of the scale 31 and the spacing of the arch frame 5, and is generally 2 to 4.

[0048] A method for precisely assembling a steel arch frame for tunnel support includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1) Verify the structural form of the steel arch frame used for tunnel support, the tunnel slope and the spacing of the arch frames. Adjust the up and down strokes by using the first hydraulic cylinder 212 of the main support arm 21 and the second hydraulic cylinder 224 of the auxiliary support arm 22 to make the adjustable positioning beam 3 consistent with the tunnel slope.

[0050] Step 2) The spacing of the arch frame 5 is determined by moving and locking the positioning clamp 33 on the adjustable positioning beam 3 along the scale 31;

[0051] Step 3) Using manual labor and lifting equipment, place the arch frame 5 one by one on the adjustable positioning beam 3. Then, manually install the arch frame connecting bars and steel mesh on the construction platform 13 to combine multiple arch frames 5 into a whole according to the slope and spacing.

[0052] Step 4) Remove the bolts of the auxiliary support arm 22 located at the high-strength hinge 221. After the high-strength hinge 221 is loosened, push the two auxiliary support arms 22 inward so that the clearance inside the arch frame 5 meets the space of the main arm support platform of the arch frame installation trolley.

[0053] Step 5) The main boom of the arch frame installation trolley lifts the arch frame 5 through the arch frame and transports it to the working face for installation.

Claims

1. A precise assembly mockup of a tunnel support steel arch, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a deformable support mechanism (2), an adjustable positioning beam (3), and an arch frame (5); The base (1) includes a lower frame (11), an upper frame (12) is fixed to the upper end of the lower frame (11), and a construction platform (13) is laid on the upper frame (12). The deformable support mechanism (2) includes a main support arm (21) and an auxiliary support arm (22); wherein, the main support arm (21) is fixed to the outside of the base (1) in multiple groups on the left and right, and the auxiliary support arm (22) is installed on the base (1) between the main support arms (21) in multiple groups that can be flipped. The adjustable positioning beam (3) includes a scale (31), the lower end of which is connected to the main support arm (21) or the auxiliary support arm (22), and a positioning clamp (33) is installed on the upper end of the scale (31). The arch frame (5) is placed on the scale (31) and limited by the positioning clamp (33). The main support arm (21) includes a first hydraulic cylinder (212), the lower end of the first hydraulic cylinder (212) is fixed on the base (1) through a first connecting plate (211), and the upper end of the first hydraulic cylinder (212) is hinged to the lug (32) at the bottom of the scale (31) through a first connecting pin (213); The auxiliary support arm (22) includes a connecting column (222). The lower end of the connecting column (222) is rotatably connected to the base (1) via a high-strength hinge (221). The upper end of the connecting column (222) is connected to the second hydraulic cylinder (224) via a second connecting plate (223). The top end of the second hydraulic cylinder (224) is hinged to the lug (32) at the bottom of the scale (31) via a second connecting pin (225).

2. The accurate assembling sample frame of the tunnel support steel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower frame (11) and upper frame (12) are both made of steel profiles, and the construction platform (13) is made of steel mesh.

3. The precision assembly template for a tunnel support steel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the connecting column (222) is in a vertical position, the two connecting plates of the high-strength hinge (221) are folded and locked with bolts.

4. The precision assembly template for a tunnel support steel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a step ladder (4), and the upper end of the step ladder (4) overlaps with the upper frame (12).

5. A method for assembling a tunnel support steel arch frame using a precision assembly template according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1) Verify the structural form of the steel arch frame used for tunnel support, the tunnel slope and the spacing of the arch frames. Adjust the upper and lower strokes by using the first hydraulic cylinder (212) of the main support arm (21) and the second hydraulic cylinder (224) of the auxiliary support arm (22) so that the adjustable positioning beam (3) can be consistent with the tunnel slope. Step 2) Move and lock the positioning clamp (33) on the adjustable positioning beam (3) along the scale (31) to determine the spacing of the arch frame (5); Step 3) By manually cooperating with the lifting equipment, the arch frame (5) is placed one by one on the adjustable positioning beam (3). Then, the arch frame connecting bars and steel mesh are installed manually on the construction platform (13) to combine multiple arch frames (5) into a whole according to the slope and spacing. Step 4) Remove the bolts of the auxiliary support arm (22) located at the high-strength hinge (221). After the high-strength hinge (221) is loosened, push the two auxiliary support arms (22) inward so that the clearance inside the arch frame (5) meets the space of the main arm support platform of the arch frame installation trolley. Step 5) The main boom of the arch frame installation trolley passes through the arch frame (5) to lift it up and transport it to the working face for installation.

Images