A sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of sludge pyrolysis carbonization, and in particular to a sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment, which includes a feed component, a pyrolysis carbonization circulation system, a heat supply component and a discharge component; the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system includes a pyrolysis chamber and a pyrolysis conveying channel, a heat exchange channel and a circulating fan arranged in the pyrolysis chamber, the pyrolysis conveying channel is provided with a conveying part for conveying sludge, a heat exchange part is arranged in the heat exchange channel, the heat exchange channel and the pyrolysis conveying channel are circulated and heat exchanged through the circulating fan, the heat supply component is connected with the heat exchange part, the feed component is sealed and connected with the pyrolysis chamber for feeding to the conveying part, and the discharge component is sealed and connected with the pyrolysis chamber and is aligned with the output end of the conveying part. By setting up a closed pyrolysis carbonization circulation system, tar condensation can be avoided, dust in the flue gas is less, and long-term continuous operation can be achieved; pyrolysis gas leakage is avoided, circulating pyrolysis gas is used to pyrolyze and carbonize sludge, and the heat source and sludge are in direct contact and heat transfer, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of sludge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sludge pyrolysis carbonization, and in particular to sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of modernization and industrialization, the discharge of domestic and industrial sewage is increasing, and sludge has become an inevitable product of sewage treatment plants. Sludge treatment technology is an extremely important part of modern environmental protection projects and has great social value.

[0003] Sludge contains a large amount of harmful substances such as pathogens, antibiotics and heavy metals. Currently, it is difficult to treat them thoroughly using aerobic composting, anaerobic fermentation and other methods, which has a certain impact on subsequent resource utilization. Incineration technology can eliminate these harmful substances, but heavy metals escape with the exhaust gas during the treatment process, and dioxins produced by incineration have a great impact on environmental pollution.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN214693826U discloses a pyrolysis process system for reducing and recycling industrial and municipal sludge. The sludge pyrolysis heating furnace in the application is a vertical multi-stage spiral conveying tube heating furnace. This type of furnace is convenient for controlling sludge conveying, but the metal spiral structure is in a high temperature environment for a long time, which can easily cause the spiral shell to deform and jam the spiral, resulting in a high system operation failure rate. The pyrolysis gas in the tube escapes and burns directly, and air may enter the tube, affecting the pyrolysis effect. In addition, the heat source is located outside the spiral conveyor, and the heat is indirectly transferred to the sludge through the metal wall. The sludge has poor thermal conductivity, low heat transfer efficiency and limited processing scale.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN214747157U discloses a three-stage rotary furnace, in which the sludge is pre-dried, dried and pyrolyzed in the furnace in sequence, the sludge is completely sealed in the furnace, and the sludge is transported between the sections in the furnace by a spiral device, which rotates with the furnace body. The conveyor is started to transport the sludge only when it is at the lower end, resulting in the sludge being unable to be continuously transported at the sections. In addition, the pyrolysis and carbonization of the sludge also relies on indirect heat transfer from the hot flue gas in the interlayer outside the furnace. The thermal conductivity of the sludge is poor, the heat transfer efficiency is low, and the sludge in the rotary furnace is lifted up with the furnace, the flue gas contains more dust, the space utilization rate in the furnace is low, and the equipment occupies a large area.

[0006] The prior art also uses the flue gas of the combustion furnace to directly pyrolyze and carbonize the sludge. Although the direct heat transfer efficiency is high, sludge combustion often occurs because the combustion flue gas contains a small amount of excess air. The calorific value of the carbon slag after sludge pyrolysis is low, and the utilization methods are limited, resulting in waste of resources. In addition, during pyrolysis, a small amount of air is mixed with sludge and carbon slag dust, which poses a risk of dust explosion. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment, which can not only ensure the heat transfer efficiency, so that the carbon slag after pyrolysis and carbonization retains a certain calorific value and expands the resource utilization path, but also avoid the risk of dust explosion.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment, comprising: a feeding component, a pyrolysis carbonization circulation system, a heat supply component and a discharging component; the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system comprises a pyrolysis chamber and a pyrolysis conveying channel, a heat exchange channel and a circulating fan arranged in the pyrolysis chamber, the pyrolysis conveying channel is provided with a conveying part for conveying sludge, the heat exchange channel is provided with a heat exchange part for transmitting high-temperature flue gas, the heat exchange channel and the pyrolysis conveying channel are circulated by the circulating fan for pyrolysis gas, the heat exchange part is used to exchange heat with the pyrolysis gas flowing into the heat exchange channel, and the pyrolysis gas after heat exchange is used to pyrolyze and carbonize the sludge conveyed on the conveying part; the heat supply component comprises a combustion furnace, and the combustion furnace is connected to both ends of the heat exchange part through pipelines respectively, and is used to transmit high-temperature flue gas to the heat exchange part; the feeding component is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis chamber for feeding the conveying part, and the discharging component is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis chamber and is aligned with the output end of the conveying part. By setting up a closed pyrolysis carbonization circulation system, the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system is closed and oxygen-free, which can avoid tar condensation, reduce dust in the flue gas, and achieve long-term continuous operation; the combustion furnace and the heat exchange part are directly connected at both ends to supply heat, so that the high-temperature flue gas will not leak into the heat exchange channel, and the oxygen carried by the flue gas will not be transmitted to the pyrolysis chamber, thereby avoiding the combustion of sludge in the pyrolysis chamber, and only pyrolysis carbonization will occur, which is convenient for better resource utilization of the charcoal slag after pyrolysis and carbonization of the sludge, while ensuring safety; the pyrolysis conveying channel and the heat exchange channel are both operated under negative pressure to avoid leakage of pyrolysis gas, and the heat exchange channel and the pyrolysis conveying channel are circulated and exchanged through a circulating fan, and the circulating pyrolysis gas is used to pyrolyze and carbonize the sludge. The heat source and the sludge are in direct contact for heat transfer, which greatly improves the thermal conductivity of the sludge and realizes efficient energy utilization.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system also includes a partition, the pyrolysis conveying channel and the heat exchange channel are separated by the partition, the bottom of the partition is provided with an air outlet gap connecting the pyrolysis conveying channel and the heat exchange channel, a dust filter is provided at the air outlet gap, and the top of the partition is provided with the circulating fan. By setting the partition, the pyrolysis conveying channel and the heat exchange channel are separated, and the pyrolysis gas passes through the circulating fan, the pyrolysis conveying channel, the air outlet gap and the heat exchange channel for circulation and heat exchange, which improves the heat exchange efficiency of the pyrolysis gas, thereby enhancing the pyrolysis carbonization of the sludge. The pyrolysis gas is used as a heat source to heat the sludge, the sludge heats up rapidly, the heat dissipation is reduced, the energy utilization rate is high, and the residence time of the sludge in the pyrolysis furnace is shortened.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a plurality of transverse partitions are provided in the pyrolysis chamber, and the pyrolysis chamber is divided into a plurality of pyrolysis zones by the plurality of transverse partitions. The temperatures of the plurality of pyrolysis zones gradually increase in the pyrolysis chamber in the direction close to the heating component, and a passage opening is provided on the transverse partition for the conveying part to pass through. By providing a plurality of pyrolysis zones with gradually increasing temperatures to concentrate heat, the sludge can be fully pyrolyzed and carbonized as the temperature increases while the conveying part is conveying the sludge.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a thermal insulation layer is provided in the wall of the pyrolysis chamber and the partition, and the thermal insulation layer is provided to play a role of thermal insulation and enhance the heat exchange and heat transfer effect.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a plurality of staggered guide plates are provided in the heat exchange channel to increase the contact path between the pyrolysis gas and the heat exchange part when the pyrolysis gas flows in the heat exchange channel. By providing the guide plates, the pyrolysis gas and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the heat exchange part are fully mixed to achieve heat exchange, thereby increasing the temperature of the pyrolysis gas, preventing tar condensation, and improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the feed assembly includes a feed hopper, a star-shaped feed valve and a distributor, the feed hopper is docked with the star-shaped feed valve, the star-shaped feed valve is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis chamber, the discharge end of the star-shaped feed valve is provided with the distributor, and the distributor is aligned with the conveying part for feeding. The feed hopper inputs sludge to the conveying part through the star-shaped feed valve, and the distributor evenly distributes the sludge on the conveying part to achieve sealed and uniform distribution.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the conveying part includes a first conveyor mesh belt and a second conveyor mesh belt staggered up and down, the input end of the first conveyor mesh belt is aligned with the feeder, the sludge on the first conveyor mesh belt is pyrolyzed and carbonized and then falls onto the second conveyor mesh belt, and the second conveyor mesh belt conveys the pyrolyzed and carbonized sludge to the discharge assembly in a direction opposite to the conveying direction of the first conveyor mesh belt. By setting the first conveyor mesh belt and the second conveyor mesh belt staggered up and down, the pyrolysis gas is heated from top to bottom through the layers, the dust of the pyrolysis gas can be filtered, and the dust entering the heat exchange channel and the combustion furnace can be reduced; by adopting belt conveying, the sludge residence time is uniform and controllable, the pyrolysis is uniform, static conveying is achieved, and the amount of dust generated is small.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the discharging assembly includes a discharging hopper, a water-jacketed screw conveyor and a charcoal bin. One end of the discharging hopper is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis chamber and is aligned with the output end of the second conveyor mesh belt. The other end of the discharging hopper is provided with the water-jacketed screw conveyor, which is connected to the charcoal bin through a star-shaped discharge valve. The water-jacketed screw conveyor is provided to cool the sludge after pyrolysis and carbonization. The discharging hopper and the pyrolysis chamber are sealed and connected to play a sealing role. The charcoal bin is used to store and collect carbon slag.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the heating component includes a dust removal part and an air heat exchanger, the heat exchange part is connected to the air heat exchanger through a pipeline, the air heat exchanger is provided with an atmospheric connection port, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis chamber is connected to the dust removal part through a first pipeline, the dust removal part is connected to the combustion furnace through a second pipeline, a fan is provided on the second pipeline, a natural gas pipeline connected to natural gas is provided on the combustion furnace, and the air heat exchanger is connected to the combustion furnace through a third pipeline. The gas burns in the combustion furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas generated enters the heat exchange part after temperature adjustment, and exchanges heat with the pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis conveying channel. After heat exchange, the high-temperature flue gas is converted into medium-temperature flue gas. A part of the medium-temperature flue gas after heat exchange returns to the combustion furnace through a pipeline for air distribution and temperature adjustment, and a part of the medium-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with air through the air heat exchanger. The hot air generated by the air heat exchanger is sent to the combustion furnace through the third pipeline for combustion assistance, and the flue gas of the air heat exchanger enters the exhaust gas purification device. After the pyrolysis gas exchanges heat with the hot flue gas, it returns to the pyrolysis transport channel to heat the sludge through the layers. As the amount of pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system increases, the excess pyrolysis gas enters the combustion furnace for combustion and heating after cyclone dust removal, which can gradually reduce or stop external fuel gas, reduce energy consumption, and achieve efficient energy utilization.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the heat exchange channels are provided on both sides of the pyrolysis transport channel; at least two heat exchange channels are provided in the pyrolysis chamber, and the two heat exchange channels are respectively provided on both sides of the pyrolysis transport channel. During use, when the heat exchange part in the heat exchange channel on one side needs to be replaced or maintained, the heat exchange channel on this side can be paused, and the heat exchange channel on the other side can be started. When the temperature of the heat exchange channel on the closed side drops to an appropriate temperature, it can be replaced or maintained.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment provided by the present invention, by setting up a pyrolysis carbonization circulation system to enable the pyrolysis gas to circulate for heat exchange and heat supply, the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system comprises a pyrolysis chamber and a pyrolysis conveying channel, a heat exchange channel and a circulation fan arranged in the pyrolysis chamber, the pyrolysis conveying channel is provided with a conveying part for conveying sludge, the heat exchange channel is provided with a heat exchange part, the heat exchange channel and the pyrolysis conveying channel are circulated and heat exchanged through the circulation fan, and by setting up a closed pyrolysis carbonization circulation system, the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system is closed and oxygen-free, which can avoid tar condensation, less dust in the flue gas, and achieve long-term continuous The combustion furnace and the heat exchange part are directly connected at both ends to supply heat, so that the high-temperature flue gas will not leak into the heat exchange channel, and the oxygen carried by the flue gas will not be transmitted to the pyrolysis chamber, so as to avoid the combustion of sludge in the pyrolysis chamber. Only pyrolysis and carbonization will occur, which is convenient for the carbon slag after pyrolysis and carbonization of the sludge to be better utilized as a resource, and safety is guaranteed at the same time; the pyrolysis conveying channel and the heat exchange channel are operated under negative pressure to avoid the leakage of pyrolysis gas. The heat exchange channel and the pyrolysis conveying channel are circulated and exchanged through the circulating fan. The circulating pyrolysis gas is used to pyrolyze and carbonize the sludge. The heat source and the sludge are in direct contact and heat transfer, which greatly improves the thermal conductivity of the sludge and realizes efficient energy utilization. By setting up a static conveying part, the pyrolysis gas is heated from top to bottom through the layers, and the dust of the pyrolysis gas can be filtered to reduce the dust entering the heat exchange channel and the combustion furnace.

[0019] In addition, the sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment provided by the present invention is provided with a heating component, the heating component includes a combustion furnace, a dust removal part and an air heat exchanger, the combustion furnace is connected to one end of the heat exchange part through a pipeline, the other end of the heat exchange part is connected to the air heat exchanger and the combustion furnace through a pipeline, the air heat exchanger is provided with an atmospheric connection port, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis chamber is connected to the dust removal part through a first pipeline, the dust removal part is connected to the combustion furnace through a second pipeline, a fan is provided on the second pipeline, a natural gas pipeline connected to natural gas is provided on the combustion furnace, and the air heat exchanger is connected to the combustion furnace through a third pipeline. The gas burns in the combustion furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas generated enters the heat exchange part after temperature adjustment, and exchanges heat with the pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis conveying channel. The high-temperature flue gas is converted into medium-temperature flue gas after heat exchange, and part of the medium-temperature flue gas after heat exchange returns to the combustion furnace through a pipeline for air distribution and temperature adjustment, and part of it is exchanged with air through the air heat exchanger, and the hot air generated by the air heat exchanger is sent to the combustion furnace through the third pipeline for combustion assistance, and the flue gas of the air heat exchanger enters the exhaust gas purification device. After the pyrolysis gas exchanges heat with the hot flue gas, it returns to the pyrolysis transport channel to heat the sludge through the layers. As the amount of pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system increases, the excess pyrolysis gas enters the combustion furnace for combustion and heating after cyclone dust removal, which can gradually reduce or stop external fuel gas, reduce energy consumption, and achieve efficient energy utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sludge pyrolysis and carbonization equipment provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pyrolysis carbonization cycle system;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed assembly;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharging component;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange part.

[0026] Description of Reference Numerals

[0027] 1. Feeding assembly; 11. Feeding hopper; 12. Star-shaped feeding valve; 13. Material placing machine;

[0028] 2. Pyrolysis carbonization circulation system;

[0029] 21. pyrolysis chamber; 211. transverse partition;

[0030] 22, pyrolysis conveying channel; 221, conveying part; 222, first conveying mesh belt; 223, second conveying mesh belt;

[0031] 23, heat exchange channel; 231, heat exchange part; 232, guide plate; 234, tube array; 235, outer tube fin; 236, baffle;

[0032] 24. Circulation fan; 25. Partition; 26. Air outlet gap; 27. Insulation layer; 28. Dust filter;

[0033] 3. Heating component; 31. Combustion furnace; 32. Dust removal unit; 33. Air heat exchanger; 34. First pipeline; 35. Second pipeline; 36. Fan; 37. Third pipeline; 38. Natural gas pipeline;

[0034] 4. Discharging assembly; 41. Discharging hopper; 42. Water-jacketed screw conveyor; 43. Star-shaped discharge valve; 44. Coal bin; 45. Circulating water inlet; 46. Driving motor;

[0035] 5. Exhaust gas purification device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention, such as first, second, up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0039] The present invention provides a sludge pyrolysis carbonization device, such as Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, it includes a feeding component 1, a pyrolysis carbonization circulation system 2, a heat supply component 3 and a discharging component 4; the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system 2 includes a pyrolysis chamber 21 and a pyrolysis conveying channel 22, a heat exchange channel 23 and a circulating fan 24 arranged in the pyrolysis chamber 21, the pyrolysis conveying channel 22 is provided with a conveying part 221 for conveying sludge, the heat exchange channel 23 is provided with a heat exchange part 231 for transmitting high-temperature flue gas, the heat exchange channel 23 and the pyrolysis conveying channel 22 are pyrolyzed gas circulated through the circulating fan 24, and the heat exchange part 231 is used to The pyrolysis gas flowing into the heat exchange channel 23 is heat exchanged, and the pyrolysis gas after heat exchange is used to pyrolyze and carbonize the sludge transported on the conveying part 221; the heat supply component 3 includes a combustion furnace 31, and the combustion furnace 31 is connected to the two ends of the heat exchange part 231 through a pipeline, so as to transmit the high-temperature flue gas to the heat exchange part 231; the feeding component 1 is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis chamber 21 for feeding to the conveying part 221, and the discharging component 4 is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis chamber 21 and is aligned with the output end of the conveying part 221. By setting up a closed pyrolysis carbonization circulation system 2, the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system 2 is closed and oxygen-free, which can avoid tar condensation, reduce dust in the flue gas, and achieve long-term continuous operation; the combustion furnace 31 and the heat exchange part 23 are directly connected at both ends for heating, so that the high-temperature flue gas will not leak into the heat exchange channel, and the oxygen carried by the flue gas will not be transmitted to the pyrolysis chamber 21, thereby avoiding the combustion of sludge in the pyrolysis chamber 21, and only pyrolysis carbonization will occur, so that the carbon slag after pyrolysis and carbonization of the sludge can be better utilized as a resource, while ensuring safety; the pyrolysis conveying channel 22 and the heat exchange channel 23 are both operated under negative pressure to avoid leakage of pyrolysis gas, and the heat exchange channel 23 and the pyrolysis conveying channel 22 are circulated and exchanged through the circulating fan 24, and the circulating pyrolysis gas is used to pyrolyze and carbonize the sludge. The heat source and the sludge are in direct contact for heat transfer, which greatly improves the thermal conductivity of the sludge and realizes efficient energy utilization.

[0040] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system 2 also includes a partition 25, and the pyrolysis conveying channel 22 and the heat exchange channel 23 are separated by the partition 25. The bottom of the partition 25 is provided with an air vent gap 26 connecting the pyrolysis conveying channel 22 and the heat exchange channel 23. A dust filter 28 is provided at the air vent gap to filter the pyrolysis gas dust. When the resistance of the dust filter 28 in the heat exchange channel 23 on one side increases and needs to be replaced or maintained, the heat exchange channel on this side can be suspended and the heat exchange channel on the other side can be started to clean the dust filter 28 on the closed side. A circulating fan 24 is provided on the top of the partition 25. By setting the partition 25, the pyrolysis conveying channel 22 and the heat exchange channel 23 are separated, and the pyrolysis gas passes through the circulating fan 24, the pyrolysis conveying channel 22, the air vent gap 26 and the heat exchange channel 23 for circulating heat exchange, which improves the heat exchange efficiency of the pyrolysis gas, thereby enhancing the sludge pyrolysis carbonization. The pyrolysis gas is used as a heat source to heat the sludge, the sludge heats up quickly, the heat dissipation is reduced, the energy utilization rate is high, and the residence time of the sludge in the pyrolysis furnace is shortened. Furthermore, heat exchange channels 23 are provided on both sides of the pyrolysis conveying channel 22; at least two heat exchange channels 23 are provided in the pyrolysis chamber 21, and the two heat exchange channels 23 are respectively provided on both sides of the pyrolysis conveying channel 22. When in use, only one side of the heat exchange channel 23 is used. When the heat exchange part 231 in the heat exchange channel 23 on this side needs to be replaced or maintained, the heat exchange channel on this side can be suspended, and the heat exchange channel on the other side can be started. When the temperature of the heat exchange channel on the closed side drops to a suitable temperature, it can be replaced or maintained.

[0041] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a plurality of baffles 211 are provided in the pyrolysis chamber 21, and the pyrolysis chamber 21 is divided into a plurality of pyrolysis zones by the plurality of baffles 211. The temperatures of the plurality of pyrolysis zones gradually increase in the pyrolysis chamber 21 in the direction close to the heating component 3, and a passage opening is provided on the baffle 211 for the conveying part 221 to pass through. By setting a plurality of pyrolysis zones with gradually increasing temperatures to concentrate heat, the sludge can be fully pyrolyzed and carbonized as the temperature increases while the conveying part 221 is conveying the sludge. The pyrolysis chamber 21 is divided into a plurality of zones by the baffles 211, and the temperature gradually increases. The pyrolysis gas in the zones circulates to heat the sludge, and the excess pyrolysis gas is gradually transferred from the low temperature zone to the high temperature zone through the gap between the baffles 211 and the mesh belt, and escapes from the tail of the pyrolysis chamber 21 into the dust removal part 32 for secondary utilization, thereby improving the utilization rate of the pyrolysis gas.

[0042] As a further improvement of the above solution, a thermal insulation layer 27 is provided in the wall and the partition 25 of the pyrolysis chamber 21. The thermal insulation layer 27 is provided to play a role of thermal insulation and enhance the heat exchange and heat transfer effect.

[0043] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a plurality of staggered guide plates 232 are provided in the heat exchange channel 23, so that the pyrolysis gas increases the contact path with the heat exchange part when flowing in the heat exchange channel. By providing the guide plates 232, the pyrolysis gas and the heat exchange high-temperature flue gas generated by the heat exchange part 231 are fully mixed to achieve heat exchange, thereby increasing the temperature of the pyrolysis gas, preventing tar condensation, and improving the heat transfer efficiency. The heat exchange part 231 in the heat exchange channel 23 can adopt a structure of straight tubes and outer tube fins 235, or a structure of serpentine tubes and outer tube fins 235, or a structure of tube arrays 234, outer tube fins 235, and inner tube baffles 236, preferably a structure of tube arrays 234, outer tube fins 235, and inner tube baffles 236.

[0044] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the feed assembly 1 includes a feed hopper 11, a star-shaped feed valve 12 and a distributor 13. The feed hopper 11 is connected to the star-shaped feed valve 12, and the star-shaped feed valve 12 is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis chamber 21. The discharge end of the star-shaped feed valve 12 is provided with a distributor 13, and the distributor 13 is aligned with the input end of the conveying part 221 for feeding. The feed hopper 11 inputs sludge to the conveying part 221 through the star-shaped feed valve 12, and the distributor 13 evenly distributes the sludge on the conveying part 221 to achieve sealed and uniform distribution. The sludge is pre-dried to a moisture content of 15-30%, and the dried sludge is sent to the feed hopper 11. The sludge in the feed hopper 11 is fed to the distributor 13 through the star-shaped feed valve 12, and the distributor 13 evenly distributes the sludge on the first conveying mesh belt 222.

[0045] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the conveying part 221 includes a first conveyor mesh belt 222 and a second conveyor mesh belt 223 which are staggered up and down. The input end of the first conveyor mesh belt 222 is aligned with the feed machine 13. The sludge on the first conveyor mesh belt 222 falls onto the second conveyor mesh belt 223 after pyrolysis and carbonization. The second conveyor mesh belt 223 conveys the pyrolysis and carbonization sludge to the discharge component 4 in a direction opposite to the conveying direction of the first conveyor mesh belt 222. By setting the first conveyor mesh belt 222 and the second conveyor mesh belt 223 staggered up and down, the sludge on the first conveyor mesh belt 222 is gradually heated up to complete pyrolysis and carbonization to form carbon slag, and the second conveyor mesh belt 223 returns the carbon slag after pyrolysis and carbonization of the sludge, and preliminarily cools the carbon slag; the pyrolysis gas is heated from top to bottom through the layers, which can filter the dust of the pyrolysis gas and keep the pyrolysis gas warm, reducing the dust entering the heat exchange channel and the combustion furnace 31; using belt conveying, the sludge residence time is uniform and controllable, the pyrolysis is uniform, static conveying is achieved, and the amount of dust generated is small. The rollers of the first conveyor mesh belt 222 and the second conveyor mesh belt 223 are connected to the motor outside the pyrolysis chamber 21 through sealed bearings, and the motor is independently set for easy maintenance.

[0046] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the discharging assembly 4 includes a discharging hopper 41, a water-jacket screw conveyor 42 and a charcoal bin 44. One end of the discharging hopper 41 is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis chamber 21 and is aligned with the output end of the second conveying mesh belt 223. The other end of the discharging hopper 41 is provided with a water-jacket screw conveyor 42, and the water-jacket screw conveyor 42 is connected to the charcoal bin 44 through a star-shaped discharge valve 43. The driving motor 46 drives the water-jacket screw conveyor 42 to move, thereby realizing the conveying. The water-jacket screw conveyor 42 is provided with a circulating water inlet 45 for cooling. The water-jacket screw conveyor 42 is provided to cool the sludge after pyrolysis and carbonization. The discharging hopper 41 is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis chamber 21 to play a sealing role. The charcoal bin 44 is used to store and collect charcoal slag. When the temperature of the charcoal slag is high, the water sprayer of the water-jacket screw can be opened to directly spray water to cool the charcoal slag in the water-jacket screw.

[0047] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the heating component 3 also includes a dust removal part 32 and an air heat exchanger 33. The combustion furnace 31 is connected to the two ends of the heat exchange part 231 through pipelines. Specifically, the combustion furnace 31 is connected to one end of the heat exchange part 231 through a pipeline, and the other end of the heat exchange part 231 is connected to the air heat exchanger 33 and the combustion furnace 31 through pipelines. An atmospheric connection port is provided on the air heat exchanger 33. The pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis chamber 21 is connected to the dust removal part 32 through a first pipeline 34. The dust removal part 32 is connected to the combustion furnace 31 through a second pipeline 35. A fan 36 is provided on the second pipeline 35. A natural gas pipeline 38 connected to natural gas is provided on the combustion furnace 31. The air heat exchanger 33 is connected to the combustion furnace 31 through a third pipeline 37. The fuel gas burns in the combustion furnace 31, and the high-temperature flue gas generated enters the heat exchange part 231 after temperature adjustment, and exchanges heat with the pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis conveying channel 22. After heat exchange, the high-temperature flue gas is converted into medium-temperature flue gas. After heat exchange, part of the medium-temperature flue gas returns to the combustion furnace 31 through the pipeline for air distribution and temperature adjustment, and part of it exchanges heat with air through the air heat exchanger 33. The hot air generated by the air heat exchanger 33 is sent to the combustion furnace 31 through the third pipeline 37 to assist combustion, and the flue gas from the air heat exchanger 33 enters the exhaust gas purification device 5. After heat exchange with the hot flue gas, the pyrolysis gas returns to the pyrolysis conveying channel 22 to heat the sludge through the layer. As the amount of pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system 2 increases, the excess pyrolysis gas enters the combustion furnace 31 for combustion and heating after cyclone dust removal, which can gradually reduce or stop external gas, reduce energy consumption, and achieve efficient energy utilization. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 31 enters the heat exchange channel 23 on the high-temperature side of the pyrolysis chamber 21, and the exchange channel and the pyrolysis chamber 21 temperature zone achieve the same step-by-step division.

[0048] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment also includes a tail gas purification device 5, which is connected to the air heat exchanger 33 through a pipeline. After the flue gas passes through the tail gas purification device 5 for alkali spray desulfurization, demister demisting, and activated carbon tower adsorption, it is discharged from the chimney to meet the standards to protect the environment.

[0049] In addition, the specific working process of the sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment provided by the present invention is:

[0050] First, the sludge is pre-dried to a moisture content of 15-30%, and the dried sludge is sent to the feed hopper 11. The sludge in the feed hopper 11 reaches the distribution machine 13 through the star-shaped feed valve 12, and the distribution machine 13 evenly distributes the sludge on the first conveyor mesh belt 222.

[0051] Secondly, pyrolysis carbonization is carried out through the pyrolysis carbonization circulation system 2: the sludge moves with the first conveyor mesh belt 222, and under the conveyance of the first conveyor mesh belt 222, the sludge gradually moves from the low temperature zone to the high temperature zone and completes pyrolysis carbonization to form carbon slag; the pyrolysis gas generated by the heating of the sludge enters the heat exchange channel 23 to exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas, returns to the pyrolysis conveying channel 22 through the circulating fan 24, and passes through the first conveyor mesh belt 222 and the second conveyor mesh belt 223 from top to bottom, thereby completing the pyrolysis gas circulation heat exchange and heat supply, and the excess pyrolysis gas is sent to the combustion furnace 31 through the first pipeline 34 and the dust removal part 32 to be burned to participate in the heat supply, the sludge on the first conveyor mesh belt 222 is pyrolyzed to form carbon slag that falls into the second conveyor mesh belt 223, and the second conveyor mesh belt 223 is returned to the feed side, and falls into the carbon bin 44 through the discharge hopper 41 for collection. Part of the flue gas in the heat exchange part 231 returns to the combustion furnace 31 for air distribution and temperature adjustment, and part of it exchanges heat with the air through the air heat exchanger 33, and finally enters the exhaust gas purification device 5 for purification.

[0052] It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is only for illustrating the technical route and features of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. Any changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment, characterized in that: It comprises a feed component (1), a pyrolysis carbonization circulation system (2), a heat supply component (3) and a discharge component (4); The pyrolysis carbonization circulation system (2) comprises a pyrolysis chamber (21) and a pyrolysis transport channel (22), a heat exchange channel (23) and a circulation fan (24) arranged in the pyrolysis chamber (21); a transport portion (221) for transporting sludge is arranged in the pyrolysis transport channel (22); a heat exchange portion (231) for transmitting high-temperature flue gas is arranged in the heat exchange channel (23); the heat exchange channel (23) and the pyrolysis transport channel (22) circulate pyrolysis gas through the circulation fan (24); the heat exchange portion (231) is used to exchange heat with the pyrolysis gas flowing into the heat exchange channel (23); and the pyrolysis gas after heat exchange is used to pyrolyze and carbonize the sludge transported on the transport portion (221); The feed assembly (1) comprises a feed hopper (11), a star-shaped feed valve (12) and a material distributor (13); the feed hopper (11) is connected to the star-shaped feed valve (12); the star-shaped feed valve (12) is sealed to the pyrolysis chamber (21); the material distributor (13) is provided at the discharge end of the star-shaped feed valve (12); the material distributor (13) is aligned with the conveying portion (221) for feeding; The heat exchange channels (23) are provided on both sides of the pyrolysis conveying channel (22); the conveying portion (221) comprises a first conveying mesh belt (222) and a second conveying mesh belt (223) which are staggered in an upper and lower manner, the input end of the first conveying mesh belt (222) is aligned with the material distributor (13), the sludge on the first conveying mesh belt (222) falls onto the second conveying mesh belt (223) after pyrolysis and carbonization, and the second conveying mesh belt (223) conveys the pyrolysis and carbonization sludge to the discharge assembly (4) in a direction opposite to the conveying direction of the first conveying mesh belt (222); A plurality of transverse partitions (211) are provided in the pyrolysis chamber (21), and the pyrolysis chamber (21) is divided into a plurality of pyrolysis zones by the plurality of transverse partitions (211). The temperatures of the plurality of pyrolysis zones gradually increase in the pyrolysis chamber (21) in a direction approaching the heat supply component (3). A passage opening is provided on the transverse partition (211) for the conveying portion (221) to pass through. The pyrolysis carbonization circulation system (2) further comprises a partition (25), the pyrolysis transport channel (22) and the heat exchange channel (23) being separated by the partition (25), a tuyere gap (26) connecting the pyrolysis transport channel (22) and the heat exchange channel (23) being provided at the bottom of the partition (25), a dust filter (28) being provided at the tuyere gap (26), and the circulation fan (24) being provided at the top of the partition (25); The heating component (3) comprises a combustion furnace (31), the combustion furnace (31) being connected to both ends of the heat exchange part (231) through pipelines, respectively, and being used for transmitting high-temperature flue gas to the heat exchange part (231); the heating component (3) further comprises a dust removal part (32) and an air heat exchanger (33), the heat exchange part (231) being connected to the air heat exchanger (33) through pipelines, the air heat exchanger (33) being provided with an atmosphere connection port, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis chamber (21) being connected to the dust removal part (32) through a first pipeline (34), the dust removal part (32) being connected to the combustion furnace (31) through a second pipeline (35), the second pipeline (35) being provided with a fan (36), the combustion furnace (31) being provided with a natural gas pipeline (38) connected to natural gas, and the air heat exchanger (33) being connected to the combustion furnace (31) through a third pipeline (37); The feed assembly (1) is sealedly connected to the pyrolysis chamber (21) for feeding materials to the conveying portion (221), and the discharge assembly (4) is sealedly connected to the pyrolysis chamber (21) and is aligned with the output end of the conveying portion (221).

2. The sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-insulating layer (27) is provided in the wall of the pyrolysis chamber (21) and in the partition (25).

3. The sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of staggeredly arranged flow guide plates (232) are provided in the heat exchange channel (23).

4. The sludge pyrolysis carbonization equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge assembly (4) comprises a discharge hopper (41), a water-jacketed screw conveyor (42) and a charcoal bin (44); one end of the discharge hopper (41) is sealedly connected to the pyrolysis chamber (21) and is aligned with the output end of the second conveyor mesh belt (223); the other end of the discharge hopper (41) is provided with the water-jacketed screw conveyor (42); and the water-jacketed screw conveyor (42) is connected to the charcoal bin (44) via a star-shaped discharge valve (43).

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