Heat exchanger and engine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heat exchanger and an engine. The heat exchanger includes a shell and a plurality of heat exchange parts. The shell has a heat exchange channel for gas circulation and a first circulation cavity and a second circulation cavity for hydrogen fuel circulation. The first circulation cavity and the second circulation cavity are both arranged on the shell relative to the heat exchange channel. The first circulation cavity is divided into a plurality of first compartments, and the second circulation cavity is divided into a plurality of second compartments. The first compartment and the second compartment are relatively staggered. Each heat exchange part has a heat exchange cavity for hydrogen fuel circulation, and the two ends of any heat exchange part are respectively connected to the corresponding first compartment and the second compartment, so that hydrogen fuel can circulate between the first compartment and the second compartment through the heat exchange cavity. The heat exchanger of the above structure can make hydrogen fuel continuously mixed in the first compartment and the second compartment, and increase the time for hydrogen fuel to be heated by gas, finally improve the heating uniformity of hydrogen fuel, and make liquid hydrogen fuel completely heated into gaseous hydrogen fuel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aviation engines, and in particular to a heat exchanger and an engine. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a clean and renewable energy source with great prospects. The advantages and potential of applying hydrogen fuel to aviation and gas engine power are emerging. The structure of hydrogen fuel aircraft engines is basically the same as that of existing aircraft engines. Hydrogen fuel burns in the combustion chamber, then drives the turbine to generate shaft work, and drives the propeller or fan to rotate and do work through the reducer.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to facilitate the carrying of hydrogen fuel, hydrogen fuel is stored in the fuel tank of the aircraft in a low-temperature liquid state. In order to meet the fuel requirements of the engine, liquid hydrogen needs to be heated to become hydrogen gas before it can be injected into the combustion chamber to burn in the combustion chamber and provide power for the aircraft. The heating of liquid hydrogen is mainly achieved through a transducer, which heats the liquid hydrogen through the exhaust gas of the engine, so that the liquid hydrogen is vaporized into hydrogen gas.

[0004] However, the existing transducer directly heats the liquid hydrogen after exchanging heat with the combustion gas exhausted by the engine, resulting in low uniformity in the heating of the liquid hydrogen. Summary of the invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the existing transducer directly heats the liquid hydrogen after heat exchange with the fuel gas exhausted by the engine, resulting in low uniformity in the heating of the liquid hydrogen.

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides a heat exchanger, comprising:

[0007] A shell having a heat exchange channel for gas flow and a first flow cavity and a second flow cavity for hydrogen fuel flow, wherein the first flow cavity and the second flow cavity are both arranged on the shell relative to the heat exchange channel, the first flow cavity is divided into a plurality of first compartments, the second flow cavity is divided into a plurality of second compartments, and the first compartments and the second compartments are arranged in a staggered manner relative to each other;

[0008] A plurality of heat exchange elements, each of which has a heat exchange cavity for the hydrogen fuel to flow through, and two ends of any heat exchange element are respectively connected to the corresponding first compartment and the second compartment, so that the hydrogen fuel flows between the first compartment and the second compartment through the heat exchange cavity;

[0009] Among them, along the transportation direction of the hydrogen fuel, the hydrogen fuel located in one of the first compartments flows into the second compartment which is relatively offset from the first compartment and is connected through the heat exchange component arranged in communication with the first compartment, and the hydrogen fuel in the second compartment flows into another first compartment which is relatively offset from the second compartment through another heat exchange component arranged adjacent to the heat exchange component.

[0010] Optionally, in the above-mentioned heat exchanger, in two adjacent heat exchange elements, the two ends of one of the heat exchange elements are respectively connected to the first compartment and the second compartment, and the two ends of the other heat exchange element are respectively connected to the first compartment and the other second compartment, so that the first compartment and the second compartment are relatively staggered and connected.

[0011] Optionally, the above-mentioned heat exchanger also includes a plurality of partitions, which are arranged at intervals in the first circulation cavity so that the first circulation cavity is divided into a plurality of first compartments; the partitions are also arranged at intervals in the second circulation cavity so that the second circulation cavity is divided into a plurality of second compartments.

[0012] Optionally, in the above-mentioned heat exchanger, the heat exchange elements are arranged on both sides of any of the partitions, and two of the heat exchange elements are arranged between every two adjacent partitions.

[0013] Optionally, in the above heat exchanger, the shell further has a medium inlet communicating with one of the first compartments and a medium outlet communicating with another of the first compartments;

[0014] Alternatively, the housing further comprises a medium inlet communicating with one of the second compartments and a medium outlet communicating with another of the second compartments.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned heat exchanger, the shell has a hollow cavity with openings at both ends, the hollow cavity forms the heat exchange channel, and the openings at both ends serve as a gas inlet and a gas outlet, respectively, so that the gas enters the heat exchange channel through the gas inlet and flows out of the heat exchange channel through the gas outlet.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned heat exchanger, the shell further has a mounting portion, the mounting portion is arranged on a side of the gas inlet away from the gas outlet, and the shell is suitable for being connected to the engine through the mounting portion.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-mentioned heat exchanger, part of the shell is configured to be conical so that part of the heat exchange channel is adapted to the tail nozzle of the engine.

[0018] Optionally, in the above-mentioned heat exchanger, the heat exchange element is arranged in a ring in the heat exchange channel to contact the fuel gas.

[0019] An engine comprises the above-mentioned heat exchanger.

[0020] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The heat exchanger provided by the present invention comprises a shell and a plurality of heat exchange elements, the shell having a heat exchange channel for gas circulation and a first circulation cavity and a second circulation cavity for hydrogen fuel circulation, the first circulation cavity and the second circulation cavity are both arranged on the shell relative to the heat exchange channel, the first circulation cavity is divided into a plurality of first compartments, the second circulation cavity is divided into a plurality of second compartments, and the first compartments and the second compartments are arranged relatively staggered; each heat exchange element has a heat exchange cavity for hydrogen fuel circulation, and the two ends of any heat exchange element are respectively connected with the corresponding first compartment and the second compartment, so that the hydrogen fuel can flow between the first compartment and the second compartment through the heat exchange cavity; wherein, along the conveying direction of the hydrogen fuel, the hydrogen fuel located in one of the first compartments flows into the second compartment arranged relatively staggered with the first compartment and connected through the heat exchange element through a heat exchange element arranged in communication with the first compartment, and the hydrogen fuel in the second compartment flows into another first compartment arranged relatively staggered with the second compartment through another heat exchange element arranged adjacent to the heat exchange element.

[0022] The heat exchanger of this structure is provided with a plurality of heat exchange elements on a shell, wherein the shell has a heat exchange channel and a first circulation cavity and a second circulation cavity, the heat exchange channel can be used for gas circulation, the first circulation cavity and the second circulation cavity can be used for hydrogen fuel circulation, and the first circulation cavity and the second circulation cavity are both provided on the shell relative to the heat exchange channel, so that the gas circulating in the heat exchange channel can transfer heat to the first circulation cavity and the second circulation cavity, so as to heat the liquid hydrogen fuel and the liquid-gas mixed hydrogen fuel in the first circulation cavity and the second circulation cavity, and at the same time, the first circulation cavity is divided into a plurality of first compartments, and the second circulation cavity is divided into a plurality of second compartments, and the first compartment and the second compartment are relatively staggered, each heat exchange element has a heat exchange cavity, the heat exchange cavity can be used for hydrogen fuel circulation, and both ends of all the heat exchange elements are respectively connected with the corresponding first compartment and the second compartment, so that the hydrogen fuel can flow between the first compartment and the second compartment through the heat exchange cavity, In the process of flowing in the heat exchange cavity, the hydrogen fuel is always heated by the gas flowing in the heat exchange channel. At the same time, since the first compartment and the second compartment are relatively staggered, in the transportation direction of the hydrogen fuel, the hydrogen fuel located in one of the first compartments can flow into the second compartment that is relatively staggered with the first compartment and connected through the heat exchange component through a heat exchange component connected thereto, and the hydrogen fuel in the second compartment can flow into another first compartment that is relatively staggered with the second compartment through another heat exchange component that is adjacent to the heat exchange component, so that the hydrogen fuel always flows back and forth between the first compartment and the second compartment that are relatively staggered, and is constantly mixed in the first compartment or the second compartment. At the same time, the time for the hydrogen fuel to be heated by the gas is also increased in this process, which ultimately improves the heating uniformity of the hydrogen fuel, and enables the liquid hydrogen fuel to be completely heated into gaseous hydrogen fuel and used as fuel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A top cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the flow direction of a heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 A side cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] 1-shell; 11-heat exchange channel; 12-first circulation cavity; 121-first compartment; 13-second circulation cavity; 131-second compartment; 14-medium inlet; 15-medium outlet; 16-gas inlet; 17-gas outlet; 18-installation portion;

[0031] 2-heat exchange element; 21-heat exchange chamber;

[0032] 3-Separator;

[0033] 4-Tail nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment provides a heat exchanger, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a shell 1 and a plurality of heat exchangers 2. The shell 1 has a heat exchange channel 11 for gas flow and a first flow cavity 12 and a second flow cavity 13 for hydrogen fuel flow. The first flow cavity 12 and the second flow cavity 13 are both arranged on the shell 1 relative to the heat exchange channel 11. The first flow cavity 12 is divided into a plurality of first compartments 121, and the second flow cavity 13 is divided into a plurality of second compartments 131. The first compartments 121 and the second compartments 131 are arranged in a staggered manner relative to each other. Each heat exchanger 2 has a heat exchange cavity 21 for hydrogen fuel flow, and the two ends of any heat exchanger 2 are respectively connected to the corresponding first compartments 121 and the second compartments 131 are arranged in a staggered manner relative to each other. The compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 are connected so that the hydrogen fuel can flow between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 through the heat exchange cavity 21; wherein, along the transport direction of the hydrogen fuel, the hydrogen fuel located in one of the first compartments 121 flows into the second compartment 131 which is arranged relatively offset with the first compartment 121 and is connected through the heat exchange component 2 through a heat exchange component 2 connected thereto, and the hydrogen fuel in the second compartment 131 flows into another first compartment 121 which is arranged relatively offset with the second compartment 131 through another heat exchange component 2 arranged adjacent to the heat exchange component 2.

[0040] The heat exchanger of the above structure is provided with a plurality of heat exchange elements 2 on the shell 1. The heat exchange elements 2 are heat exchange tubes in this embodiment. The shell 1 has a heat exchange channel 11 and a first flow cavity 12 and a second flow cavity 13. The heat exchange channel 11 can be used for gas to flow. The temperature of the gas exceeds 500 degrees Celsius. The first flow cavity 12 and the second flow cavity 13 can be used for hydrogen fuel to flow. The first flow cavity 12 and the second flow cavity 13 are both provided on the shell 1 relative to the heat exchange channel 11, so that the gas flowing in the heat exchange channel 11 can transfer heat to the first flow cavity 12 and the second flow cavity 13, so as to heat the liquid hydrogen in the first flow cavity 12 and the second flow cavity 13. The hydrogen fuel mixed with the fuel and liquid gas is heated. At the same time, the first circulation cavity 12 is divided into a plurality of first compartments 121, and the second circulation cavity 13 is divided into a plurality of second compartments 131, and the first compartments 121 and the second compartments 131 are relatively staggered. Each heat exchange element 2 has a heat exchange cavity 21, and the heat exchange cavity 21 can be used for hydrogen fuel circulation. Both ends of all heat exchange elements 2 are respectively connected with the corresponding first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131, so that the hydrogen fuel can flow between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 through the heat exchange cavity 21, and the hydrogen fuel is always heated by the gas flowing in the heat exchange channel 11 during the flow in the heat exchange cavity 21.

[0041] At the same time, since the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 are relatively staggered, in the direction of hydrogen fuel transportation, the hydrogen fuel located in one of the first compartments 121 can flow into the second compartment 131 which is relatively staggered with the first compartment 121 and connected through the heat exchanger 2 through a heat exchanger 2 connected thereto, and the hydrogen fuel in the second compartment 131 can flow into another first compartment 121 which is relatively staggered with the second compartment 131 through another heat exchanger 2 which is adjacent to the heat exchanger 2, so that the hydrogen fuel always flows back and forth between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 which are relatively staggered, and is constantly mixed in the first compartment 121 or the second compartment 131. At the same time, the time for the hydrogen fuel to be heated by the fuel gas is also increased in this process, which ultimately improves the heating uniformity of the hydrogen fuel, and enables the liquid hydrogen fuel to be completely heated into gaseous hydrogen fuel and used as fuel.

[0042] In addition, the outer diameter R of the heat exchanger 2 is 5-10mm, the inner diameter r is 3-8mm, the wall thickness of the heat exchanger 2 is ≥1.5mm, that is, Rr≥1.5mm, the transition radius R' between the heat exchanger 2 and the outer wall of the heat exchanger is ≥1mm, the minimum distance W1 between the outer walls of adjacent heat exchangers 2 is 0.4R-0.6R, the thickness of the outer wall of the heat exchanger W2 is ≥1.5mm, the distance W3 between the inner wall of the heat exchanger 2 and the outer wall of the heat exchanger is 0.5mm-0.5(Rr), the outer wall of the heat exchanger 2 is allowed to be lower than the exhaust edge of the tail nozzle 4, but the distance W4 is ≤0.5(Rr), and the internal rounded corners of each compartment and the rounded corners R" with the outer wall of the heat exchanger are ≥4mm.

[0043] The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in two adjacent heat exchange elements 2, the two ends of one heat exchange element 2 are respectively connected to a first compartment 121 and a second compartment 131, and the two ends of the other heat exchange element 2 are respectively connected to the first compartment 121 and the other second compartment 131, so that the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 are relatively staggered and connected.

[0044] The heat exchanger of the above structure is arranged to be relatively staggered and connected to the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131, so that among two adjacent heat exchange elements 2, the two ends of one heat exchange element 2 are respectively connected to a first compartment 121 and a second compartment 131, and the two ends of the other heat exchange element 2 are respectively connected to the first compartment 121 and another second compartment 131 adjacent to the second compartment 131, so that the hydrogen fuel can flow back and forth between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 that are relatively staggered, so as to increase the flow heating time of the hydrogen fuel.

[0045] The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3As shown, it also includes a plurality of partitions 3, which are arranged at intervals in the first circulation cavity 12 so that the first circulation cavity 12 is divided into a plurality of first compartments 121; the partitions 3 are also arranged at intervals in the second circulation cavity 13 so that the second circulation cavity 13 is divided into a plurality of second compartments 131.

[0046] The heat exchanger of the above structure is provided with a partition 3 in the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13. The partition 3 in this embodiment is a partition plate. The partition 3 is specifically arranged in the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13 at intervals, so as to divide the first circulation cavity 12 into a plurality of first compartments 121 and the second circulation cavity 13 into a plurality of second compartments 131, so that the hydrogen fuel cannot flow directly in the first circulation cavity 12 or the second circulation cavity 13, but must flow through the heat exchange cavity 21 on the heat exchanger 2, thereby ensuring that the hydrogen fuel can flow back and forth between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 which are relatively staggered, and increasing the flow heating time of the hydrogen fuel. In addition, the width W5 of the partition 3 between the compartments is ≥1mm.

[0047] The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, heat exchange elements 2 are arranged on both sides of any partition 3 , and two heat exchange elements 2 are arranged between every two adjacent partitions 3 .

[0048] The heat exchanger of the above structure is provided with heat exchange elements 2 on both sides of each partition 3, and two heat exchange elements 2 are provided between each two adjacent partitions 3, so that each first compartment 121 or second compartment 131 can be connected by two heat exchange elements 2, and one of the heat exchange elements 2 is responsible for introducing hydrogen fuel from another first compartment 121 or second compartment 131 into the first compartment 121 or second compartment 131, and the other heat exchange element 2 is responsible for exporting the hydrogen fuel in the first compartment 121 or second compartment 131 to another first compartment 121 or second compartment 131, thereby ensuring the normal circulation of hydrogen fuel.

[0049] The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing 1 further has a medium inlet 14 communicating with a first compartment 121 and a medium outlet 15 communicating with another first compartment 121 ; or, the housing 1 further has a medium inlet 14 communicating with a second compartment 131 and a medium outlet 15 communicating with another second compartment 131 .

[0050] The heat exchanger of the above structure is provided with a medium inlet 14 and a medium outlet 15 on the shell 1, wherein the medium inlet 14 is connected to a first compartment 121, and the medium outlet 15 is connected to another first compartment 121, so that the staff can pour the liquid hydrogen fuel into the first compartment 121 through the medium inlet 14, so that the liquid hydrogen fuel can flow in the heat exchanger and be heated by the fuel gas to become gaseous hydrogen fuel. Of course, the medium inlet 14 can also be connected to a second compartment 131, and the medium outlet 15 is connected to another second compartment 131, so that the staff can pour the liquid hydrogen fuel into the second compartment 131 through the medium inlet 14, so that the liquid hydrogen fuel can flow in the heat exchanger and be heated by the fuel gas to become gaseous hydrogen fuel.

[0051] In addition, the medium inlet 14 can be connected to a first compartment 121, and correspondingly, the medium outlet 15 can be connected to a second compartment 131, which can also achieve the above-mentioned effect. Of course, the medium inlet 14 can also be connected to a second compartment 131, and correspondingly, the medium outlet 15 can be connected to a first compartment 121, which can also achieve the above-mentioned effect.

[0052] The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the shell 1 has a hollow cavity with openings at both ends, and the hollow cavity forms a heat exchange channel 11. The openings at both ends serve as a gas inlet 16 and a gas outlet 17 respectively, so that the gas enters the heat exchange channel 11 through the gas inlet 16 and flows out of the heat exchange channel 11 through the gas outlet 17.

[0053] The heat exchanger of the above structure is provided with a hollow cavity by setting the shell 1, both ends of the hollow cavity are opened, and the hollow cavity forms a heat exchange channel 11 for gas circulation. At the same time, the openings at both ends of the hollow cavity serve as a gas inlet 16 and a gas outlet 17 respectively, so that the gas can enter the heat exchange channel 11 through the gas inlet 16 and flow out of the heat exchange channel 11 through the gas outlet 17. In this process, the gas can heat the liquid hydrogen fuel and the liquid-gas mixed hydrogen fuel flowing in the first compartment 121, the second compartment 131 and the heat exchange cavity 21, so that the hydrogen fuel is heated into a completely gaseous hydrogen fuel, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the gas.

[0054] The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing 1 further has a mounting portion 18 , which is disposed on a side of the gas inlet 16 away from the gas outlet 17 . The housing 1 is suitable for being connected to the engine via the mounting portion 18 .

[0055] The heat exchanger of the above structure is provided with a mounting portion 18 on the shell 1. The mounting portion 18 is a mounting edge in this embodiment. The mounting portion 18 is specifically provided on the side of the gas inlet 16 on the shell 1 away from the gas outlet 17. When the shell 1 needs to be installed on the engine, the tail nozzle 4 of the engine can be inserted into the heat exchange channel 11 on the shell 1, and the mounting portion 18 is brought into contact with the engine. Then, bolts are passed through the mounting portion 18 and the engine in sequence, thereby connecting the shell 1 to the engine, so that the gas ejected from the engine can flow in the heat exchange channel 11 and heat the hydrogen fuel.

[0056] The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, part of the shell 1 is configured to be conical so that part of the heat exchange channel 11 is adapted to the tail nozzle 4 of the engine.

[0057] The heat exchanger of the above structure is configured such that part of the heat exchange channel 11 on the shell 1 is also configured to be conical by setting part of the shell 1 to be conical, so that the heat exchange passage of the part of the cone can adapt to the tail nozzle 4 of the engine, so that the tail nozzle 4 can be inserted into the heat exchange channel 11. In addition, the distance W6 between the heat exchange element 2 in the conical part of the heat exchanger and the tail nozzle 4 is 2-5mm.

[0058] Of course, part of the shell 1 can also be set to be cylindrical, and part of the heat exchange channel 11 in the shell 1 can be set to be conical, and the part of the conical heat exchange channel 11 can also be adapted to the tail nozzle 4 of the engine.

[0059] The heat exchanger provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the heat exchange element 2 is arranged in a ring in the heat exchange channel 11 to contact with the fuel gas.

[0060] The heat exchanger of the above structure is configured such that the heat exchange element 2 is arranged in the heat exchange channel 11 so that the heat exchange element 2 can contact with the fuel gas, and when the fuel gas flows in the heat exchange channel 11, the fuel gas can heat the heat exchange element 2, thereby enabling the heat exchange element 2 to heat the liquid hydrogen fuel and the liquid-gas mixed hydrogen fuel flowing in the heat exchange chamber 21, so that the liquid hydrogen fuel and the liquid-gas mixed hydrogen fuel are completely heated to be gaseous hydrogen fuel.

[0061] The heat exchanger provided by the present invention has a heat exchange process as follows:

[0062] First, install the heat exchanger on the reserved installation edge of the engine tail nozzle 4. After the heat exchanger is installed, its conical part and the tail nozzle 4 form a heat exchange channel 11, and the tail nozzle 4 has round holes distributed in a cross row; then, most of the engine gas is discharged backward through the tail nozzle 4, and a small part of the gas enters the heat exchange channel 11 through the round holes opened in the tail nozzle 4, and mixes with the mainstream gas at the end of the heat exchange channel 11. The heat exchange element 2 in the columnar part of the heat exchanger is directly exposed to the gas; finally, the gas heats the heat exchange element 2 and each compartment, so that the temperature of the hydrogen fuel flowing in the heat exchange element 2 and each compartment increases. At this point, the heat exchange process of the heat exchanger is completed.

[0063] The heat exchanger provided by the present invention comprises a plurality of heat exchange elements 2 arranged on a shell 1, wherein the shell 1 has a heat exchange channel 11 and a first circulation cavity 12 and a second circulation cavity 13, the heat exchange channel 11 can be used for gas circulation, the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13 can be used for hydrogen fuel circulation, and the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13 are both arranged on the shell 1 relative to the heat exchange channel 11, so that the gas circulating in the heat exchange channel 11 can transfer heat to the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13 to heat the hydrogen fuel in the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13, and at the same time, the first circulation cavity 12 is divided into a plurality of first compartments 121, and the second circulation cavity 13 is divided into a plurality of second compartments 131, and the first compartments 121 and the second compartments 131 are relatively staggered, each heat exchange element 2 has a heat exchange cavity 21, the heat exchange cavity 21 can be used for hydrogen fuel circulation, and both ends of all heat exchange elements 2 are respectively connected to the corresponding first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 is connected, so that the hydrogen fuel can flow between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 through the heat exchange cavity 21. At the same time, since the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 are relatively staggered, in the transportation direction of the hydrogen fuel, the hydrogen fuel located in one of the first compartments 121 can flow into the second compartment 131 which is relatively staggered with the first compartment 121 and connected through the heat exchange component 2 through a heat exchange component 2 connected thereto, and the hydrogen fuel in the second compartment 131 can flow into the other first compartment 121 which is relatively staggered with the second compartment 131 through another heat exchange component 2 which is adjacent to the heat exchange component 2, so that the hydrogen fuel always flows back and forth between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 which are relatively staggered, thereby increasing the time for the hydrogen fuel to be heated by the fuel gas, and finally improving the heating uniformity of the hydrogen fuel, and enabling the liquid hydrogen fuel to be completely heated into gaseous hydrogen fuel and used as fuel.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment provides an engine, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, it includes the above-mentioned heat exchanger. The engine of the above-mentioned structure is provided with a plurality of heat exchange elements 2 on the shell 1, wherein the shell 1 has a heat exchange channel 11 and a first circulation cavity 12 and a second circulation cavity 13, the heat exchange channel 11 can be used for gas circulation, the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13 can be used for hydrogen fuel circulation, and the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13 are both provided on the shell 1 relative to the heat exchange channel 11, so that the gas flowing in the heat exchange channel 11 can transfer heat to the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13 to heat the hydrogen fuel in the first circulation cavity 12 and the second circulation cavity 13, at the same time, the first circulation cavity 12 is divided into a plurality of first compartments 121, the second circulation cavity 13 is divided into a plurality of second compartments 131, and the first compartments 121 and the second compartments 131 are relatively staggered, each heat exchange element 2 has a heat exchange cavity 21, the heat exchange cavity 21 can be used for hydrogen fuel circulation, and both ends of all heat exchange elements 2 are respectively connected to the corresponding first compartment 121 and the second compartment. 131 is connected, so that the hydrogen fuel can flow between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 through the heat exchange cavity 21. At the same time, since the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 are relatively staggered, in the transportation direction of the hydrogen fuel, the hydrogen fuel located in one of the first compartments 121 can flow into the second compartment 131 which is relatively staggered with the first compartment 121 and connected through the heat exchange component 2 through a heat exchange component 2 connected thereto, and the hydrogen fuel in the second compartment 131 can flow into the other first compartment 121 which is relatively staggered with the second compartment 131 through another heat exchange component 2 which is adjacent to the heat exchange component 2, so that the hydrogen fuel always flows back and forth between the first compartment 121 and the second compartment 131 which are relatively staggered, thereby increasing the time for the hydrogen fuel to be heated by the fuel gas, and finally improving the heating uniformity of the hydrogen fuel, and enabling the liquid hydrogen fuel to be completely heated into gaseous hydrogen fuel and used as fuel.

[0066] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: A shell (1) having a heat exchange channel (11) for gas flow and a first flow chamber (12) and a second flow chamber (13) for hydrogen fuel flow, wherein the first flow chamber (12) and the second flow chamber (13) are both arranged on the shell (1) relative to the heat exchange channel (11), the first flow chamber (12) is divided into a plurality of first compartments (121), the second flow chamber (13) is divided into a plurality of second compartments (131), and the first compartments (121) and the second compartments (131) are arranged in a staggered manner relative to each other; A plurality of heat exchange elements (2), each of the heat exchange elements (2) having a heat exchange cavity (21) for the hydrogen fuel to flow through, and two ends of any heat exchange element (2) are respectively connected to the corresponding first compartment (121) and the second compartment (131), so that the hydrogen fuel flows between the first compartment (121) and the second compartment (131) through the heat exchange cavity (21); Wherein, along the conveying direction of the hydrogen fuel, the hydrogen fuel in one of the first compartments (121) flows through a heat exchange component (2) connected thereto into a second compartment (131) arranged offset relative to the first compartment (121) and connected thereto through the heat exchange component (2), and the hydrogen fuel in the second compartment (131) flows through another heat exchange component (2) arranged adjacent to the heat exchange component (2) into another first compartment (121) arranged offset relative to the second compartment (131); The shell (1) has a hollow cavity with openings at both ends, the hollow cavity forming the heat exchange channel (11), and the openings at both ends serve as a gas inlet (16) and a gas outlet (17), respectively, so that the gas enters the heat exchange channel (11) through the gas inlet (16) and flows out of the heat exchange channel (11) through the gas outlet (17); The heat exchange element (2) is arranged in a ring on the heat exchange channel (11) so as to be in contact with the fuel gas.

2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: In two adjacent heat exchange elements (2), two ends of one of the heat exchange elements (2) are respectively connected to one of the first compartments (121) and one of the second compartments (131), and two ends of the other heat exchange element (2) are respectively connected to the first compartment (121) and another of the second compartments (131), so that the first compartment (121) and the second compartment (131) are arranged to be relatively staggered and connected.

3. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of partitions (3), some of which are arranged at intervals in the first circulation cavity (12) so that the first circulation cavity (12) is divided into a plurality of first compartments (121); and another portion of the partitions (3) are arranged at intervals in the second circulation cavity (13) so that the second circulation cavity (13) is divided into a plurality of second compartments (131).

4. The heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchange components (2) are arranged on both sides of any of the partitions (3), and two of the heat exchange components (2) are arranged between every two adjacent partitions (3).

5. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) further comprises a medium inlet (14) communicating with one of the first compartments (121) and a medium outlet (15) communicating with another of the first compartments (121); Alternatively, the housing (1) further comprises a medium inlet (14) communicating with one of the second compartments (131) and a medium outlet (15) communicating with another of the second compartments (131).

6. The heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that The housing (1) further comprises a mounting portion (18), wherein the mounting portion (18) is arranged on a side of the gas inlet (16) away from the gas outlet (17), and the housing (1) is suitable for being connected to the engine via the mounting portion (18).

7. The heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that One end of the shell (1) is configured to be conical so that the heat exchange channel (11) is adapted to fit the tail nozzle (4) of the engine.

8. An engine, characterized in that: Comprising the heat exchanger described in any one of claims 1-7.

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