A parallel axis electronic mechanical brake device

Abstract

A parallel-axis electronic mechanical brake (EMB) device includes: an external housing, a brake motor, a parking brake component, a deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism, a motion conversion mechanism, and a brake actuator. After receiving a signal from a braking force control unit, the brake motor outputs torque, and the power passes through the parking brake component, the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism, and the motion conversion mechanism in sequence, and is finally completed by the brake actuator to perform driving or parking braking. Compared with hydraulic brake systems, this electromechanical integrated device has the characteristics of fewer structural components and a shorter response time. Compared with existing electronic mechanical brake devices, it not only meets general driving brake requirements but also has a parking brake function, and has a large reduction ratio, a compact structure, and a small axial size. It can be used in the braking system of electric wheel-driven vehicles with high requirements for space utilization, and will have wider applicability in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile braking, and in particular relates to a parallel-axis electronic mechanical braking device. Background Art

[0002] The Electro-Mechanical Brake (EMB) system is a new type of brake-by-wire system. EMB utilizes electricity as its energy source, replacing the traditional brake pedal with an analog generator to receive the driver's input. An intelligent algorithm calculates the braking force required for each wheel, a control unit adjusts motor parameters, and ultimately the actuator applies the brakes.

[0003] Compared with traditional braking systems, EMB abandons the hydraulic brake pipe system, reduces the overall vehicle weight, simplifies the chassis structure, and facilitates subsequent suspension layout; the power system and braking system are integrated into the wheel, with a short transmission path, a relatively simple mechanical structure, high transmission efficiency, and low energy consumption; there is no need to replace hydraulic oil and brake fluid, which is economical, environmentally friendly, and has fast braking response, short braking time, short braking distance, and higher safety; the mechanical structure is easy to assemble and disassemble, and the maintenance cost is low; it is easy to combine with ABS, TCS, ESP and other systems, saving costs.

[0004] It is worth noting that the EMB currently publicly released also has some shortcomings, such as high requirements for the response characteristics of the brake motor, large axial dimensions, incompatibility with other systems of the vehicle chassis, lack of parking brake components or the parking brake components themselves are relatively complex. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a parallel-axis electronic mechanical brake device to solve some of the problems existing in the prior art. Compared with the existing electronic mechanical brake devices, the electronic mechanical brake device in the present invention not only meets the general driving braking requirements but also has the parking brake function, and has a large reduction ratio, a compact structure, and a small axial size. It can be used in the braking system of electric wheel-driven vehicles with high requirements on space utilization, and will have wider applicability in the future.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a parallel axis electronic mechanical brake device, comprising: an external housing, a brake motor, a parking brake component, a deceleration and torque increase mechanism, a motion conversion mechanism, and a brake execution component;

[0008] The outer shell includes an upper shell, a lower shell, and a bearing end cover;

[0009] The upper shell and the lower shell are connected by bolts, and the bearing ends are connected to the end surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell respectively by screws;

[0010] The brake motor is placed in the outer housing and fixedly connected by screws; the brake motor rotor is connected to the end of its motor shaft by a spline;

[0011] The parking brake component includes a ratchet, a pawl, a pawl rotating shaft, an electromagnet, an upper spring connecting seat, a lower spring connecting seat, and a tension spring;

[0012] The ratchet is connected to the motor shaft by a key; the pawl is a crescent-shaped part, the center of the pawl circular part is provided with a pawl rotating shaft mounting hole, and an upper spring connecting seat mounting hole is provided near the tip; the middle of the pawl rotating shaft is assembled in the pawl rotating shaft mounting hole, and a clearance fit is selected between the shaft holes; the electromagnet is located above the pawl, and bosses are provided on both sides, and the center of the boss is provided with a through hole, which is connected to the upper shell by screws; the upper spring connecting seat is a semicircular part, the top is provided with an arc groove, and the bottom is provided with a spring mounting boss tangent to the semicircle, and the spring mounting boss is provided with a spring mounting hole; the semicircular end surface of the upper spring connecting seat is provided with a connecting shaft, which is assembled in the upper spring connecting seat mounting hole; the lower spring connecting seat is a semicircular part, the top is provided with an arc groove, the bottom is provided with a spring mounting boss tangent to the semicircle, and the spring mounting boss is provided with a spring mounting hole; the semicircular end surface of the lower spring connecting seat is provided with two connecting shafts, which are assembled in the lower shell; the two ends of the tension spring are respectively assembled in the spring mounting holes of the upper spring connecting seat and the lower spring connecting seat;

[0013] The deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism includes a spur gear set and an NW planetary gear set;

[0014] The spur gear set includes a spur gear pinion and a spur gear gear meshing with each other; the NW planetary gear set includes a central gear integrated with the gear shaft, a ring gear, three planetary gear shafts, three inner planetary gears, three outer planetary gears, and a planet carrier;

[0015] The spur gear pinion is connected to the motor shaft by a key, and the spur gear gear is connected to the gear shaft by a key; the center wheel is the power input end of the NW planetary gear set, and the planet carrier is the power output end of the NW planetary gear set, and is connected to the motion conversion mechanism; the upper housing and the lower housing are respectively connected by screws; the center wheel is meshed with the inner planetary gear, and the ring gear is meshed with the outer planetary gear; the planetary gear shaft is respectively fixed to the inner planetary gear and the outer planetary gear by splines; the end of the planetary gear shaft is assembled in the through hole on the end face of the planet carrier, and a clearance fit is selected between the shaft holes.

[0016] The motion conversion mechanism includes a ball screw shaft, a screw nut, and balls;

[0017] The brake actuator includes a front brake pad and a rear brake pad;

[0018] The front brake block is connected to the lead screw nut by means of bolts, and the rear brake block is connected to the upper housing by means of bolts.

[0019] Preferably, the outer shell is characterized by:

[0020] There are lateral bosses on both sides of the upper shell and the lower shell, and the lateral bosses are connected by bolts to form a cavity; there are flanges on the rear sides of the upper shell and the lower shell, and the flanges are connected to the bearing end cover by screws; there are adjustment gaskets between the upper shell, the lower shell and the bearing end cover;

[0021] Gear ring positioning holes are provided on the outside of the upper shell and the lower shell, and a gear ring positioning surface is provided inside the lower shell;

[0022] A pawl assembly boss is provided inside the upper shell, and a pawl rotating shaft mounting hole is provided at the end of the pawl assembly boss; an electromagnet assembly boss is provided inside the upper shell, and a threaded hole is provided at the end of the electromagnet assembly boss, and a wire interface is provided at the side end; through holes are provided on both sides of the upper shell clamp body;

[0023] A lower spring connection seat assembly boss is provided inside the lower shell body, and two lower spring connection seat mounting holes are provided at the end of the lower spring connection seat assembly boss; lugs are provided on both sides of the lower shell body, and a sliding pin hole is provided at the center of the lug end, which is connected to the wheel bracket through a sliding pin. The entire electronic mechanical brake device can move back and forth along the axis of the sliding pin relative to the wheel brake disc.

[0024] Preferably, the brake motor is characterized by:

[0025] The brake motor is a permanent magnet brushless motor with a deep groove ball bearing installed inside the motor. The inner end is axially limited by the motor shaft shoulder.

[0026] The motor cover is connected to the motor by screws, and a felt ring oil seal is provided inside the motor cover.

[0027] Preferably, the parking brake component is characterized by:

[0028] The ratchet adopts the principle of selecting a large number of teeth and a small module, and the end face of the ratchet is axially limited by the shoulder of the motor shaft;

[0029] The end of the pawl rotating shaft is assembled in the pawl rotating shaft mounting hole of the upper shell, and an interference fit is selected between the shaft hole;

[0030] The electromagnet is a rectangular sucker-type electromagnet, which is connected to the upper shell electromagnet assembly boss by screws, and the external wire is connected to the wire interface of the upper shell electromagnet assembly boss;

[0031] The connecting shaft of the upper spring connecting seat is assembled in the upper spring connecting seat mounting hole of the pawl, and an interference fit is selected between the shaft and the hole;

[0032] The connecting shaft of the lower spring connecting seat is assembled in the lower spring connecting seat mounting hole of the lower shell, and an interference fit is selected between the shaft and the hole;

[0033] The tension spring material is tin bronze.

[0034] Preferably, the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism is characterized by:

[0035] One end face of the spur gear is axially limited by the motor shaft shoulder, and the other end face is provided with an oil retaining ring. The inner end of the deep groove ball bearing is close to the oil retaining ring, and the outer end is close to the bearing end cover.

[0036] One end face of the spur gear is axially limited by the gear shaft shoulder, and the other end face is provided with an oil retaining ring. The inner end of the deep groove ball bearing is close to the oil retaining ring, and the outer end is close to the bearing end cover.

[0037] The outer surface of the gear ring is provided with an upper boss and a lower boss symmetrically along the center line; the end of the lower boss is in contact with the positioning surface of the gear ring of the lower shell to limit the axial movement of the gear ring; the top of the upper boss and the bottom of the lower boss are provided with threaded holes, which are connected to the upper shell and the lower shell respectively by screws to limit the rotation of the gear ring;

[0038] The planetary gear shaft and the planetary carrier are axially limited by shaft head screws, and the end faces of the inner and outer planetary gears are axially limited by the planetary gear shaft shoulders. The inner planetary gear revolves around the center gear while rotating. Driven by the planetary gear shaft splines, the outer planetary gear rotates with the inner planetary gear and revolves around the center of the ring gear. At the same time, the planetary carrier rotates driven by the end of the planetary gear shaft.

[0039] The planet carrier and the ball screw shaft are connected by a key; the ball screw shaft rotates as the planet carrier rotates, and power is output from the deceleration and torque increase mechanism to the motion conversion mechanism.

[0040] Preferably, the motion conversion mechanism is characterized by:

[0041] The ball screw shaft raceway profile is double arc-shaped, and the ball circulation method is external circulation;

[0042] The end face of the thrust ball bearing is axially limited by the shoulder of the ball screw shaft;

[0043] The part of the lead screw nut protruding from the lower shell is provided with a fan-shaped flange portion, and through holes are provided on both sides of the flange portion; a felt ring oil seal is provided between the middle cylindrical shoulder of the lead screw nut and the upper shell and the lower shell.

[0044] Preferably, the brake actuator is characterized by:

[0045] The front brake block is provided with through holes on both sides, and is connected to the fan-shaped flange of the screw nut by bolts; the rear brake block is provided with through holes on both sides, and is connected to the upper shell caliper by bolts;

[0046] Preferably, the center lines of the motor, the motor shaft, the ratchet, and the spur pinion should coincide; the center lines of the gear shaft, the ball screw shaft, the ring gear, the planetary carrier, and the screw nut should coincide; and the center lines of the inner planetary gears, outer planetary gears, and planetary gear shafts of the NW planetary gear set should coincide.

[0047] Preferably, when the vehicle is running normally and not braking, the electromagnet is in an energized state, the adsorption force of the electromagnet on the pawl is greater than the pulling force of the tension spring on the pawl, the pawl is always adsorbed on the electromagnet, and the ratchet is in a stationary state;

[0048] Preferably, when the vehicle is running normally and braking, the electromagnet is in an energized state, the adsorption force of the electromagnet on the pawl is greater than the pulling force of the tension spring on the pawl, the pawl is always adsorbed on the electromagnet, and the ratchet rotates forward along with the motor shaft;

[0049] Preferably, when the vehicle is parked and the vehicle is powered off, the electromagnet switches from a powered state to a de-energized state, and the pawl rotates around the pawl rotation axis under the action of the tension spring until it engages with the ratchet, and the ratchet is in a locked state;

[0050] Preferably, when the parking brake of the vehicle is released, the ratchet rotates forward along with the motor shaft. When the ratchet rotates by a single tooth number corresponding to 1 / 3 of the central angle, the electromagnet switches from a de-energized state to a powered state. The adsorption force of the electromagnet on the pawl is greater than the pulling force of the extension spring on the pawl. The pawl is adsorbed on the electromagnet, the brake motor switches from forward to reverse rotation, and the ratchet rotates in reverse along with the motor shaft.

[0051] Preferably, the change in the working state of the parking brake component is the switching of the energized and de-energized states of the electromagnet. After sensing the driver's intention, the control system of the electronic mechanical brake device sends a power-on or power-off instruction to the electromagnet according to the situation to complete the change in the working state of the parking component.

[0052] Preferably, the electromechanical braking device can also be applied to the braking system of an electric wheel drive vehicle; a bracket is installed on the wheel hub motor of the electric wheel drive vehicle, threaded holes are provided at the left and right ends of the top of the bracket, the front part of the sliding pin is connected to the left and right ends of the bracket by bolts, and the electromechanical braking device can move forward and backward along the axial direction of the sliding pin relative to the wheel brake disc.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0054] The parallel-axis electronic mechanical brake device provided by the present invention utilizes the working principle of a ratchet and pawl, discards relatively complex mechanical components and a parking motor, and realizes the integration of service brake and parking brake in the electronic mechanical brake device in a simple and efficient manner.

[0055] The present invention provides a parallel-axis electronic mechanical brake device, proposes a new transmission mechanism layout scheme, utilizes a more compact NW planetary gear set as a deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism, and abandons the common single-axis layout scheme in existing disclosed inventions, reducing the axial size of the electronic mechanical brake device, so that it can be used in electric wheel-driven automobile braking systems with high requirements for space utilization, and will have wider applicability in the future. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 A front view of the parallel-axis electronic mechanical brake device provided by the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the electromagnet and its screws;

[0058] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top sectional view of

[0059] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the NW planetary gear set;

[0060] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Side view of

[0061] Figure 6 for Figure 1 3D schematic diagram of the upper and middle shell;

[0062] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Three-view schematic diagram of the middle and lower shell;

[0063] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the central parking brake components;

[0064] Figure 9 for Figure 1 3D schematic diagram of the middle and upper spring connection seat;

[0065] Figure 10 for Figure 3 3D schematic diagram of the middle and lower spring connection seat;

[0066] Figure 11 for Figure 1 Front view of the middle pawl;

[0067] Figure 12 for Figure 2 3D schematic diagram of the electromagnet;

[0068] Figure 13 for Figure 3 3D schematic diagram of the NW planetary gear;

[0069] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the application of the parallel axis electronic mechanical brake device provided by the present invention on an electric wheel vehicle

[0070] Figure 15 for Figure 14 a cross-sectional view of the middle sliding pin;

[0071] Figures 1 to 5 Middle: 1. Upper housing; 2. Lower housing; 3. Gear ring screw; 4. Housing connecting bolt; 5. Spring washer; 6. Hexagonal nut; 7. Ratchet rotating shaft; 8. Ratchet; 9. Upper spring connecting seat; 10. Electromagnet; 11. Electromagnet screw; 12. Motor screw; 13. Brake motor; 14. Deep groove ball bearing; 15. Felt ring oil seal; 16. Motor cover; 17. Motor cover screw; 18. Motor shaft; 19. Ratchet; 20. Flat key; 21. Extension spring; 22. Lower spring connecting seat; 23. Spur pinion; 24. Flat key; 25. Oil deflector; 26. Adjusting gasket; 27. Deep groove ball bearing; 28. Bearing end cover; 30. Bearing end cover screw; 30. Adjusting washer; 31. Bearing end cover; 32. Deep groove ball bearing; 33. Oil deflector; 34. Flat key; 35. Gear shaft; 36. Spur gear; 37. Ring gear; 38. Planet carrier; 39. Flat key; 40. Thrust ball bearing; 41. Screw nut; 42. Ball screw shaft; 43. Ball; 44. Felt oil seal; 45. Inner planetary gear; 46. Outer planetary gear; 47. Planetary gear shaft; 48. Rear brake pad connecting bolt; 49. Spring washer; 50. Hexagonal nut; 51. Front brake pad connecting bolt; 52. Front brake pad; 53. Rear brake pad;

[0072] Figure 6 Middle: 1a, lateral boss; 1b, flange; 1c, gear ring positioning hole; 1d, pawl assembly boss; 1e, pawl rotation shaft mounting hole; 1f, electromagnet assembly boss; 1g, threaded hole; 1h, wire interface; 1i, through hole;

[0073] Figure 7 Middle: 2a, lateral boss; 2b, flange; 2c, gear ring positioning hole; 2d, gear ring positioning surface; 2e, lower spring connection seat assembly boss; 2f, lower spring connection seat mounting hole; 2g, lug; 2f, sliding pin hole;

[0074] Figure 9 Middle: 9a, arc groove; 9b, spring mounting boss; 9c, spring mounting hole; 9d, connecting shaft

[0075] Figure 10 Middle: 22a, arc groove; 22b, spring mounting boss; 22c, spring mounting hole; 22d, connecting shaft

[0076] Figure 11 Middle: 8a, mounting hole for the pawl rotating shaft; 8b, mounting hole for the upper spring connecting seat;

[0077] Figure 12 Middle: 10a, boss; 10b, through hole; 10c, external wire;

[0078] Figure 14 Middle: 54, parallel-axis electromechanical brake device; 55, brake disc; 56, hub motor with bracket;

[0079] Figure 15 Middle: 57, sliding pin; 58, spring washer; 59, hexagonal nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0081] The present invention provides a parallel axis type electronic mechanical brake device, such as Figures 1 to 15 As shown, it includes: an external housing, a brake motor, a parking brake component, a deceleration and torque increase mechanism, a motion conversion mechanism, and a brake execution component;

[0082] The outer shell includes an upper shell 1, a lower shell 2, and bearing end covers 28 and 31;

[0083] The upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are connected by bolts, and the bearing end covers 28 and 31 are connected to the end surfaces of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 respectively by screws;

[0084] The brake motor 13 is placed in the external housing and fixed by screws; the rotor of the brake motor 13 is connected to the end of its motor shaft 18 by splines;

[0085] The parking brake components include a ratchet 19, a pawl 8, a pawl rotating shaft 7, an electromagnet 10, an upper spring connecting seat 9, a lower spring connecting seat 22, and a tension spring 21;

[0086] The ratchet 19 is connected to the motor shaft 18 by a key;

[0087] The pawl 8 is a crescent-shaped part, with a pawl rotating shaft mounting hole 8a provided at the center of the circular part of the pawl 8 and an upper spring connecting seat mounting hole 8b provided near the tip;

[0088] The middle part of the pawl rotating shaft 7 is assembled in the pawl rotating shaft mounting hole 8a, and a clearance fit is selected between the shaft and the hole;

[0089] The electromagnet 10 is located above the pawl 8, with bosses 10a on both sides and a through hole 10b in the center of the boss 10a, which is connected to the upper housing 1 by screws;

[0090] The upper spring connection seat 9 is a semicircular part with an arc groove 9a on the top and a spring mounting boss 9b tangent to the semicircle at the bottom. The spring mounting boss 9b is provided with a spring mounting hole 9c.

[0091] The semicircular end surface is provided with a connecting shaft 9d, which is assembled into the upper spring connecting seat mounting hole 8b;

[0092] The lower spring connection seat 22 is a semicircular part with an arc-shaped groove 22a on the top and a spring mounting boss 22b tangent to the semicircle at the bottom. The spring mounting boss is provided with a spring mounting hole 22c. The semicircular end surface of the lower spring connection seat 22 is provided with two connecting shafts 22d and is assembled to the lower housing 2.

[0093] The two ends of the tension spring 21 are respectively assembled in the spring mounting holes 9c and 22c of the upper spring connecting seat 9 and the lower spring connecting seat 22;

[0094] The speed reduction and torque increase mechanism includes a spur gear set and an NW planetary gear set;

[0095] The spur gear set includes a spur gear pinion 23 and a spur gear gear 36 that mesh with each other; the NW planetary gear set includes a sun gear integrated with the gear shaft 35, a ring gear 37, three planetary gear shafts 47, three inner planetary gears 45, three outer planetary gears 46, and a planet carrier 38;

[0096] The spur gear pinion 23 is connected to the motor shaft 18 by a key, and the spur gear large gear 36 is connected to the gear shaft 35 by a key;

[0097] The center gear is the power input end of the NW planetary gear set, and the planet carrier 38 is the power output end of the NW planetary gear set and is connected to the motion conversion mechanism;

[0098] The gear ring 37 is connected to the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 respectively by screws;

[0099] The center gear meshes with the inner planetary gear 45, and the ring gear 37 meshes with the outer planetary gear 46; the planetary gear shaft 47 is fixedly connected to the inner planetary gear 45 and the outer planetary gear 46 by splines; the end of the planetary gear shaft 47 is assembled into the through hole on the end face of the planet carrier 38, and a clearance fit is selected between the shaft holes.

[0100] The motion conversion mechanism includes a ball screw shaft 42, a screw nut 41, and balls 43;

[0101] The brake actuator includes a front brake pad 52 and a rear brake pad 53;

[0102] The front brake block 52 is connected to the lead screw nut 41 by means of bolts, and the rear brake block 53 is connected to the upper housing 1 by means of bolts.

[0103] When the parallel-axis electronic mechanical brake device provided by the present invention is used for braking, the torque output by the brake motor 13 passes through the ratchet 19, the spur-toothed cylindrical pinion 23, the spur-toothed cylindrical gear 36, the gear shaft 35, the inner planetary gear 45, the planetary gear shaft 47, the outer planetary gear 46, the planetary carrier 38, the ball screw shaft 42, the screw nut 41, and the front brake pad 52 in sequence; the front brake pad 52 is pressed against the brake disc 55, and the reaction force generated passes through the screw nut 41, the ball screw shaft 42, the thrust ball bearing 40, the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 in sequence, causing the parallel-axis electronic mechanical brake device to move backward along the sliding pin 58, and the rear brake pad 55 presses the brake disc 57.

[0104] Further, the external shell features include:

[0105] The upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are provided with lateral bosses 1a and 1b on both sides, and the lateral bosses 1a and 1b are connected by bolts to form a cavity; the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are provided with flanges 1b and 2b on the rear sides, and the flanges 1b and 2b are connected to the bearing end cover 28 by screws; an adjustment gasket 30 is provided between the upper shell 1, the lower shell 2 and the bearing end cover 28;

[0106] Gear ring positioning holes 1c and 2c are provided on the outside of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2, and a gear ring positioning surface 2d is provided inside the lower shell 2;

[0107] A ratchet assembly boss 1d is provided inside the upper housing 1, and a ratchet rotating shaft mounting hole 1e is provided at the end of the ratchet assembly boss 1d; an electromagnet assembly boss 1f is provided inside the upper housing 1, and a threaded hole 1g is provided at the end of the electromagnet assembly boss 1f, and a wire interface 1h is provided at the side end; through holes 1i are provided on both sides of the caliper body of the upper housing 1;

[0108] A lower spring connection seat assembly boss 2e is provided inside the lower shell 2, and two lower spring connection seat mounting holes 2f are provided at the end of the lower spring connection seat assembly boss 2e; lugs 2g are provided on both sides of the lower shell 2, and a sliding pin hole 2h is provided at the center of the end of the lug 2g, which is connected to the wheel bracket through a sliding pin 58. The entire electronic mechanical brake device can move back and forth along the axial direction of the sliding pin 58 relative to the wheel brake disc 55.

[0109] Furthermore, the features of the brake motor 13 include:

[0110] The brake motor 13 is a permanent magnet brushless motor with a deep groove ball bearing 14 installed inside the motor, the inner end of which is axially limited by the shoulder of the motor shaft 18;

[0111] The motor cover 16 is connected to the motor by screws, and a felt ring oil seal 15 is provided in the motor cover 16 .

[0112] Further, the parking brake component features include:

[0113] The ratchet 19 adopts the principle of selecting a large number of teeth and a small module, and the end face of the ratchet 19 is axially limited by the shoulder of the motor shaft 18;

[0114] The end of the pawl rotating shaft 7 is assembled in the pawl rotating shaft mounting hole 1e of the upper shell, and an interference fit is selected between the shaft and the hole;

[0115] The electromagnet 10 is a rectangular sucker-type electromagnet, which is connected to the upper shell electromagnet assembly boss 1f by screws, and the external wire 10c is connected to the wire interface 1h of the upper shell electromagnet assembly boss 1f;

[0116] The connecting shaft 9d of the upper spring connecting seat 9 is assembled in the upper spring connecting seat mounting hole 8b of the pawl 8, and an interference fit is selected between the shaft and the hole;

[0117] The connecting shaft 22d of the lower spring connecting seat 22 is assembled in the lower spring connecting seat mounting hole 2f of the lower housing 2, and an interference fit is selected between the shaft and the hole;

[0118] The material of the tension spring 21 is tin bronze.

[0119] Furthermore, the characteristics of the deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism include:

[0120] One end face of the spur gear 23 is axially limited by the shoulder of the motor shaft 18, and the other end face is provided with an oil retaining ring 25. The inner end of the deep groove ball bearing 27 is close to the oil retaining ring 25, and the outer end is close to the bearing end cover 28.

[0121] One end face of the spur gear 36 is axially limited by the shoulder of the gear shaft 35, and the other end face is provided with an oil retaining ring 33. The inner end of the deep groove ball bearing 32 is close to the oil retaining ring 33, and the outer end is close to the bearing end cover 31.

[0122] The outer surface of the gear ring 37 is provided with an upper boss and a lower boss symmetrically arranged along the center line; the end of the lower boss is in contact with the gear ring positioning surface 2d of the lower shell body to limit the axial movement of the gear ring 37; the top of the upper boss and the bottom of the lower boss are provided with threaded holes, which are connected to the upper shell body 1 and the lower shell body 2 respectively by screws to limit the rotation of the gear ring 37;

[0123] The planetary gear shaft 47 and the planetary carrier 38 are axially limited by shaft head screws. The end faces of the inner planetary gears 45 and the outer planetary gears 46 are axially limited by the shoulders of the planetary gear shaft 47. The inner planetary gears 45 revolve around the center gear while rotating. Driven by the splines of the planetary gear shaft 47, the outer planetary gears 46 rotate with the inner planetary gears 45 and revolve around the center of the ring gear. At the same time, the planetary carrier 38 rotates driven by the ends of the planetary gear shaft 47.

[0124] The planet carrier and the ball screw shaft 42 are connected by a key; the ball screw shaft 42 rotates as the planet carrier 38 rotates, and power is output from the deceleration and torque increase mechanism to the motion conversion mechanism.

[0125] Furthermore, the motion conversion mechanism features include:

[0126] The ball screw shaft 42 has a raceway profile of double arcs, and the balls 43 circulate in an external circulation manner;

[0127] The end face of the thrust ball bearing 40 is axially limited by the shoulder of the ball screw shaft 42;

[0128] The part of the lead screw nut 41 protruding from the lower shell 2 is provided with a fan-shaped flange portion, and through holes are provided on both sides of the flange portion; a felt ring oil seal 44 is provided between the middle cylindrical shoulder of the lead screw nut 41 and the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2.

[0129] Furthermore, the brake actuator features include:

[0130] The front brake block 52 has through holes on both sides, and is connected to the fan-shaped flange of the screw nut 41 by bolts; the rear brake block 53 has through holes on both sides, and is connected to the caliper body of the upper shell 1 by bolts;

[0131] Furthermore, the center lines of the brake motor 13, motor shaft 18, ratchet 19, and spur pinion 23 should coincide; the center lines of the gear shaft 35, ball screw shaft 42, ring gear 37, planet carrier 38, and screw nut 41 should coincide; and the center lines of the inner planetary gear 45, outer planetary gear 46, and planetary gear shaft 47 of the NW planetary gear set should coincide.

[0132] Furthermore, when the vehicle is running normally and not braking, the electromagnet 10 is in an energized state, the attraction force of the electromagnet 10 on the pawl 8 is greater than the tension of the tension spring 21 on the pawl 8, the pawl 8 is always attracted to the electromagnet 10, and the ratchet 19 is in a stationary state;

[0133] Furthermore, when the vehicle is running normally and braking, the electromagnet 10 is in an energized state, the attraction force of the electromagnet 10 on the pawl 8 is greater than the tension of the tension spring 21 on the pawl 8, the pawl 8 is always attracted to the electromagnet 10, and the ratchet 19 rotates forward along with the motor shaft 18;

[0134] Furthermore, when the vehicle is in the parking brake state, the vehicle is powered off, the electromagnet 10 is switched from the energized state to the de-energized state, and the pawl 8 rotates around the pawl rotation axis 7 under the action of the tension spring 21 until it engages with the ratchet 19, and the ratchet 19 is in the locked state;

[0135] Furthermore, when the parking brake of the vehicle is released, the ratchet 19 rotates forward along with the motor shaft 18. When the ratchet 19 rotates a single tooth corresponding to 1 / 3 of the central angle, the electromagnet 10 switches from a de-energized state to a powered state. The attraction force of the electromagnet 10 on the pawl 8 is greater than the tension force of the tension spring 21 on the pawl 8. The pawl 8 is attracted to the electromagnet 10, the brake motor 13 switches from forward to reverse, and the ratchet 19 rotates in reverse along with the motor shaft 18.

[0136] Furthermore, the change in the working state of the parking brake component is the switching of the electromagnet 18 between the energized and de-energized states. After sensing the driver's intention, the control system of the electronic mechanical brake device sends a power-on or power-off instruction to the electromagnet 18 according to the situation to complete the change in the working state of the parking component.

[0137] Furthermore, the parallel-axis electronic mechanical brake device can also be used in the braking system of an electric wheel-driven vehicle; a bracket is installed on the wheel hub motor 56 of the electric wheel-driven vehicle, and threaded holes are provided at the left and right ends of the top of the bracket. The front of the sliding pin 57 is connected to the left and right ends of the bracket by bolts, and the parallel-axis electronic mechanical brake device can move forward and backward along the axis of the sliding pin 57 relative to the wheel brake disc 55.

[0138] The service brake function is implemented as follows:

[0139] After receiving the driver's braking command, the brake control unit in the electromechanical brake system converts the stored battery energy into the energy required by the parallel-axis electromechanical brake motor 13. The rotor in the brake motor 13 drives the motor shaft 18 to rotate, outputting the braking torque. With the electromagnet 10 energized, the pawl 8 is attached to the surface of the electromagnet 10, and the ratchet 19 rotates with the motor shaft 18 via the key 20. The spur pinion 23 and the spur gear 36 amplify the braking torque and transmit it to the gear shaft 35. The gear shaft 35, the inner planetary gears 45, the outer planetary gears 46, and the ring gear 37 further amplify the braking torque and transmit it to the planet carrier 38, which in turn drives the ball screw shaft 42 via the key 39.

[0140] Under the action of the ball screw shaft 42, balls 43, and screw nut 41, the rotational motion of the rolling screw shaft 42 is converted into linear motion of the screw nut 41 toward the brake disc 55. The front brake pad 52, under the thrust of the screw nut 41, presses against the brake disc 55. The reaction force generated by the front brake pad 52 pressing against the brake disc 55 passes sequentially through the screw nut 41, ball screw shaft 42, thrust ball bearing 40, upper housing 1, and lower housing 2, causing the parallel-axis electromechanical brake device to move rearward along the sliding pin 57. The rear brake pad 53 presses against the brake disc 55, thereby achieving service braking.

[0141] The parking brake function is implemented as follows:

[0142] When the vehicle is parked, the electromagnet 10 in the parallel axis electronic mechanical brake device is in a de-energized state, the pawl 8 engages with the ratchet 19 under the action of the tension spring 21, and all components of the parallel axis electronic mechanical brake device are locked, and the front brake pad 52 and the rear brake pad 53 are continuously pressed against the brake disc 55.

[0143] The above examples are used to illustrate the present invention, which are only used to help understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions based on the concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parallel-axis electromechanical brake device, characterized in that: include: External housing, brake motor, parking brake components, deceleration and torque increase mechanism, motion conversion mechanism, brake execution components; The outer shell includes an upper shell, a lower shell, and a bearing end cover; The upper shell and the lower shell are connected by bolts, and the bearing end cover is connected to the end surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell respectively by screws; The brake motor is placed in the outer housing and fixedly connected by screws; the brake motor rotor is connected to the end of its motor shaft by a spline; The parking brake component includes a ratchet, a pawl, a pawl rotating shaft, an electromagnet, an upper spring connecting seat, a lower spring connecting seat, and a tension spring; The ratchet is connected to the motor shaft by a key; the pawl is a crescent-shaped part, the center of the pawl circular part is provided with a pawl rotating shaft mounting hole, and an upper spring connecting seat mounting hole is provided near the tip; the middle of the pawl rotating shaft is assembled in the pawl rotating shaft mounting hole, and a clearance fit is selected between the shaft holes; the electromagnet is located above the pawl, and bosses are provided on both sides, and the center of the boss is provided with a through hole, which is connected to the upper shell by screws; the upper spring connecting seat is a semicircular part, the top is provided with an arc groove, and the bottom is provided with a spring mounting boss tangent to the semicircle, and the spring mounting boss is provided with a spring mounting hole; the semicircular end surface of the upper spring connecting seat is provided with a connecting shaft, which is assembled in the upper spring connecting seat mounting hole; the lower spring connecting seat is a semicircular part, the top is provided with an arc groove, the bottom is provided with a spring mounting boss tangent to the semicircle, and the spring mounting boss is provided with a spring mounting hole; the semicircular end surface of the lower spring connecting seat is provided with two connecting shafts, which are assembled in the lower shell; the two ends of the tension spring are respectively assembled in the spring mounting holes of the upper spring connecting seat and the lower spring connecting seat; The deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism includes a spur gear set and an NW planetary gear set; The spur gear set includes a spur gear pinion and a spur gear gear meshing with each other; the NW planetary gear set includes a central gear integrated with the gear shaft, a ring gear, three planetary gear shafts, three inner planetary gears, three outer planetary gears, and a planet carrier; The spur gear pinion is connected to the motor shaft by a key, and the spur gear gear is connected to the gear shaft by a key; the center wheel is the power input end of the NW planetary gear set, and the planet carrier is the power output end of the NW planetary gear set and is connected to the motion conversion mechanism; the ring gear is connected to the upper housing and the lower housing by screws respectively; the center wheel is meshed with the inner planetary gear, and the ring gear is meshed with the outer planetary gear; the planetary gear shaft is fixedly connected to the inner planetary gear and the outer planetary gear by splines respectively; the end of the planetary gear shaft is assembled into the through hole on the end face of the planet carrier, and a clearance fit is selected between the shaft holes; The motion conversion mechanism includes a ball screw shaft, a screw nut, and balls; The brake actuator includes a front brake pad and a rear brake pad; The front brake block is connected to the lead screw nut by means of bolts, and the rear brake block is connected to the upper housing by means of bolts.

2. The electromechanical brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer shell is characterized in that: There are lateral bosses on both sides of the upper shell and the lower shell, and the lateral bosses are connected by bolts to form a cavity; there are flanges on the rear sides of the upper shell and the lower shell, and the flanges are connected to the bearing end cover by screws; there are adjustment gaskets between the upper shell, the lower shell and the bearing end cover; Gear ring positioning holes are provided on the outside of the upper shell and the lower shell, and a gear ring positioning surface is provided inside the lower shell; A pawl assembly boss is provided inside the upper shell, and a pawl rotating shaft mounting hole is provided at the end of the pawl assembly boss; an electromagnet assembly boss is provided inside the upper shell, and a threaded hole is provided at the end of the electromagnet assembly boss, and a wire interface is provided at the side end; through holes are provided on both sides of the upper shell clamp body; A lower spring connection seat assembly boss is provided inside the lower shell body, and two lower spring connection seat mounting holes are provided at the end of the lower spring connection seat assembly boss; lugs are provided on both sides of the lower shell body, and a sliding pin hole is provided at the center of the lug end, which is connected to the wheel bracket through a sliding pin. The entire electronic mechanical brake device can move back and forth along the axis of the sliding pin relative to the wheel brake disc.

3. The electromechanical brake device according to claim 1, wherein: The brake motor is characterized in that: The brake motor is a permanent magnet brushless motor with a deep groove ball bearing installed inside the motor. The inner end is axially limited by the motor shaft shoulder. The motor cover is connected to the motor by screws, and a felt ring oil seal is provided inside the motor cover.

4. The electromechanical brake device according to claim 1, wherein: The parking brake component is characterized in that: The ratchet adopts the principle of selecting a large number of teeth and a small module, and the end face of the ratchet is axially limited by the shoulder of the motor shaft; The end of the pawl rotating shaft is assembled in the pawl rotating shaft mounting hole of the upper shell, and an interference fit is selected between the shaft hole; The electromagnet is a rectangular sucker-type electromagnet, which is connected to the upper shell electromagnet assembly boss by screws, and the external wire is connected to the wire interface of the upper shell electromagnet assembly boss; The connecting shaft of the upper spring connecting seat is assembled in the upper spring connecting seat mounting hole of the pawl, and an interference fit is selected between the shaft and the hole; The connecting shaft of the lower spring connecting seat is assembled in the lower spring connecting seat mounting hole of the lower shell, and an interference fit is selected between the shaft and the hole; The tension spring material is tin bronze.

5. The electromechanical brake device according to claim 1, wherein: The deceleration and torque-increasing mechanism is characterized by: One end face of the spur gear is axially limited by the motor shaft shoulder, and the other end face is provided with an oil retaining ring. The inner end of the deep groove ball bearing is close to the oil retaining ring, and the outer end is close to the bearing end cover. One end face of the spur gear relies on the gear shaft collar for axial limitation, and the other end face is provided with an oil retaining ring. The inner end of the deep groove ball bearing is close to the oil retaining ring, and the outer end is close to the bearing end cover. The outer surface of the gear ring is provided with an upper boss and a lower boss symmetrically along the center line; the end of the lower boss is in contact with the positioning surface of the gear ring of the lower shell to limit the axial movement of the gear ring; the top of the upper boss and the bottom of the lower boss are provided with threaded holes, which are connected to the upper shell and the lower shell respectively by screws to limit the rotation of the gear ring; The planetary gear shaft and the planetary carrier are axially limited by shaft head screws, and the end faces of the inner and outer planetary gears are axially limited by the planetary gear shaft shoulders. The inner planetary gear revolves around the center gear while rotating. Driven by the planetary gear shaft splines, the outer planetary gear rotates with the inner planetary gear and revolves around the center of the ring gear. At the same time, the planetary carrier rotates driven by the end of the planetary gear shaft. The end face of the planet carrier is connected to the ball screw shaft by a key; the ball screw shaft rotates as the planet carrier rotates, and power is output from the deceleration and torque increase mechanism to the motion conversion mechanism.

6. The electromechanical brake device according to claim 1, wherein: The motion conversion mechanism is characterized in that: The ball screw shaft raceway profile is double arc-shaped, and the ball circulation method is external circulation; The end face of the thrust ball bearing is axially limited by the shoulder of the ball screw shaft; The part of the lead screw nut protruding from the lower shell is provided with a fan-shaped flange portion, and through holes are provided on both sides of the flange portion; a felt ring oil seal is provided between the middle cylindrical shoulder of the lead screw nut and the upper shell and the lower shell.

7. The electromechanical brake device according to claim 1, wherein: The brake actuator is characterized in that: Through holes are provided on both sides of the front brake block, which is connected to the fan-shaped flange of the screw nut by means of bolts; through holes are provided on both sides of the rear brake block, which is connected to the upper shell caliper by means of bolts.

8. The electromechanical brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The center lines of the motor, the motor shaft, the ratchet, and the spur pinion should coincide; the center lines of the gear shaft, the ball screw shaft, the ring gear, the planetary carrier, and the screw nut should coincide; the center lines of the inner planetary gears, outer planetary gears, and planetary gear shafts of the NW planetary gear set should coincide.

9. The electromechanical brake device according to claim 1, wherein: When the vehicle is running normally, the electromagnet is in an energized state, the adsorption force of the electromagnet on the pawl is greater than the pulling force of the extension spring on the pawl, and the pawl is always adsorbed on the electromagnet; When the vehicle is in the parking brake state, the vehicle is powered off, the electromagnet switches from the energized state to the de-energized state, and the pawl rotates around the pawl rotation axis under the action of the tension spring until it engages with the ratchet, and the ratchet is in a locked state; When the vehicle releases the parking brake, the ratchet rotates forward along with the motor shaft. When the ratchet rotates by a single tooth corresponding to 1 / 3 of the central angle, the electromagnet switches from a de-energized state to a powered state. The electromagnet's attraction force on the pawl is greater than the tension force of the extension spring on the pawl, the pawl is attracted to the electromagnet, and the brake motor switches from forward to reverse rotation. The change in the working state of the parking brake component is a switching between the energized and de-energized states of the electromagnet. After sensing the driver's intention, the control system of the electronic mechanical brake device sends a power-on or power-off instruction to the electromagnet according to the situation to complete the change in the working state of the parking brake component.

10. The electromechanical brake device according to claim 1, wherein: The electromechanical brake device can also be used in the brake system of an electric wheel drive vehicle; a bracket is installed on the wheel hub motor of the electric wheel drive vehicle, and threaded holes are provided at the left and right ends of the top of the bracket. The front part of the sliding pin is connected to the left and right ends of the bracket by bolts. The electromechanical brake device can move forward and backward along the axial direction of the sliding pin relative to the wheel brake disc.

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