A pre-installed substation management system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prefabricated substation management system and method, the prefabricated substation management system includes a cloud management subsystem and one or more prefabricated substations, the cloud management subsystem is used to receive data from one or more prefabricated substations, and perform fault prediction based on the received data; the prefabricated substation includes a medium-voltage air-insulated switchgear AIS, a gas-insulated switchgear GIS, a low-voltage distribution cabinet, a power transformer, a high / low-voltage cable, a protection and monitoring subsystem, a power management system PMS, an AC / DC auxiliary power supply, a building management subsystem, a risk equipment monitoring device, a local control device, and one or more devices in a network adapter. The prefabricated substation of the present invention has the advantages of rapid deployment, space saving, quality control, reliability and safety, portability and scalability, convenient maintenance, intelligent management, relieving network pressure, effectively saving manpower and material resources, and timely response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electric power engineering, and in particular relates to a preinstalled substation management system and method. Background Art

[0002] As an important infrastructure of the city, the power grid is an important part of the overall urban planning and development. With the rapid development of the national economy and society, the demand for electric energy in the whole society is increasing. Since the traditional substation is to transport various electrical equipment to the site for installation and commissioning after civil construction, it adopts cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame structure, masonry filling wall, on-site installation of electrical equipment, on-site connection of equipment wires and other construction modes. Since the above-mentioned mode requires on-site mixing of concrete casting during construction, the site noise is large, there is a lot of dust during construction, and the construction time is long. With the requirements of urban development on the appearance of the city and the improvement of the rights protection awareness of surrounding residents, the above-mentioned construction mode is easily restricted by external factors, and there are many uncontrollable factors in the construction period. In addition, due to the use of on-site pouring construction, on-site installation of electrical equipment, on-site wiring and other construction methods, the construction conditions are restricted by on-site conditions, there are many blind spots in quality control, poor quality control accuracy, and difficult recycling of building materials, resulting in more waste. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to start from the actual situation of the power grid, improve the level of infrastructure in accordance with the requirements of building a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society, further improve the level of substation infrastructure, research new processes and technologies, improve land utilization, reduce the impact of substation construction on the surrounding environment, minimize factors restricted by external conditions, improve the quality of substation construction, and reasonably control the cost to meet the requirements of future social development and urban construction for substations.

[0003] As a new infrastructure assembly mode, prefabricated substations have upgraded the previous "construction" mode to the "manufacturing" mode, and adopted a modular design method to reasonably modularize a fully functional substation. Each modular structural functional unit is prefabricated in a modern factory, and the wiring and module debugging are completed inside the factory. The substation site only needs to carry out external connections and overall linkage debugging, which greatly reduces the workload on the substation site. At the same time, due to the use of the prefabrication mode in a modern factory, the construction conditions are greatly improved, and the differences in project quality caused by the uneven level of on-site construction technology are reduced, which effectively improves the construction quality and reduces the blind spots in the control of project quality. How to effectively manage prefabricated substations with few or no people, how to reduce or alleviate the control pressure of the centralized control room, and how to improve information security in management are all issues that need to be considered. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a prefabricated substation management system, including a cloud management subsystem and one or more prefabricated substations.

[0005] The cloud management subsystem is used to receive data of one or more prefabricated substations and perform fault prediction based on the received data;

[0006] The prefabricated substation includes one or more of a medium voltage air insulated switchgear AIS, a gas insulated switchgear GIS, a low voltage distribution cabinet, a power transformer, a high / low voltage cable, a protection and monitoring subsystem, a power management system PMS, an AC / DC auxiliary power supply, a building management subsystem, a risk equipment monitoring device, a local control device and a network adapter.

[0007] Among them, the medium voltage air insulated switchgear AIS is used for the control, protection and isolation circuits of the medium voltage power system;

[0008] Gas-insulated switchgear GIS, which is used for control, protection and isolation circuits of high-voltage power systems;

[0009] Low voltage distribution cabinet, which is used to control and distribute electrical energy in low voltage power system;

[0010] Power transformers are used to transform voltage levels, converting high voltage electrical energy into low voltage electrical energy, or vice versa;

[0011] High / low voltage cables are cables used to transmit electrical energy. They are divided into high voltage cables and low voltage cables according to different voltage levels.

[0012] Protection and monitoring subsystem, which is used to monitor and protect equipment and circuits in the power system;

[0013] Power management system PMS, which is used to manage and control the power supply in the power system;

[0014] AC and DC auxiliary power supplies, which are used to provide power supply for auxiliary equipment in the power system;

[0015] Building management subsystem, which is used for building electricity management;

[0016] A risk equipment monitoring device, which is used to continuously monitor the equipment predicted by the cloud management subsystem to have a risk of failure and the equipment updated after a failure has occurred, and feed back the monitoring results to the cloud management subsystem;

[0017] A local control device, which is used to obtain the operating status of each device in the prefabricated substation and control the coordinated operation of each device in the prefabricated substation;

[0018] A network adapter, which is used to transmit data using a corresponding data transmission strategy based on the level information of the device and / or the instruction of the cloud management subsystem;

[0019] The equipment in the prefabricated substation is divided into high-level equipment, medium-level equipment and low-level equipment, wherein the high-level equipment includes medium-voltage air-insulated switchgear AIS, gas-insulated switchgear GIS, protection and monitoring subsystem, risk equipment monitoring device and power management system PMS, the medium-level equipment includes power transformers, high / low voltage cables and AC / DC auxiliary power supplies, and the low-level equipment includes low-voltage distribution cabinets and building management subsystems.

[0020] The present invention also proposes a management method based on the above-mentioned prefabricated substation management system, the method comprising:

[0021] Wherein, when one or more high-level devices fail, the local control device generates an alarm message and transmits the stored data to the cloud management subsystem via the network adapter for analysis;

[0022] When one or more mid-level devices and / or low-level devices fail, the local control device generates an alarm message and sends an information transmission request to the cloud management subsystem, and after receiving an instruction from the cloud management subsystem, transmits the fault data to the cloud management subsystem through the network adapter. The instruction includes collecting data within a certain time period and transmitting it to the cloud management subsystem for analysis.

[0023] The first encryption method is different from the second encryption method, and the security level of the first encryption method is higher than that of the second encryption method.

[0024] Wherein, when the high-level device fails, the medium / low-level device feeds back its own operating status to the cloud management subsystem via the network adapter under the instruction of the cloud management subsystem.

[0025] Among them, the first encryption method is the AES-256 encryption algorithm, and the TLS 1.3 secure transmission protocol is adopted.

[0026] Among them, the second encryption method is the RSA encryption algorithm, and adopts the IPsec secure transmission protocol.

[0027] Among them, the third encryption method is used for communication between low-level devices.

[0028] Among them, the third encryption method is the 3DES encryption algorithm, and adopts the HTTPS secure transmission protocol.

[0029] Wherein, if the cloud management subsystem predicts that one or some medium / low-level equipment has a risk of failure based on historical data, a first alarm message is sent to the administrator and on-site personnel, and a first instruction is sent to the prefabricated substation;

[0030] After receiving the first instruction, the prefabricated substation regularly reports the operating status of one or some of the medium / low-level devices to the cloud management subsystem.

[0031] If the cloud management subsystem predicts that one or more high-level devices have a risk of failure based on historical data, a second alarm message is sent to the administrator and on-site personnel, and a second instruction is sent to the prefabricated substation to suspend the operation of the prefabricated substation;

[0032] In addition, the cloud management subsystem sends coordination control instructions to other prefabricated substations to evenly distribute the responsibilities of the current prefabricated substation to other prefabricated substations.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The prefabricated substation of the present invention is modularly designed and assembled during the manufacturing stage, and can be produced in the factory, reducing the on-site construction time. Once manufactured, the prefabricated substation can be quickly transported to the site and put into operation through simple installation and connection. In contrast, traditional on-site assembled substations require a long on-site construction time. The prefabricated substation of the present invention makes full use of space through modular design, so that equipment and components can be compactly installed in a closed unit. This design can save land area and is suitable for situations where the site is limited or not convenient for expansion. The prefabricated substation of the present invention has been factory tested and quality controlled, and can provide higher reliability and safety. The modular design and closed structure can reduce the impact of the external environment on the equipment, improve the protection performance of the equipment, and reduce the risk of equipment failure.

[0035] The prefabricated substation of the present invention generally has good portability and can be moved to different locations as needed. At the same time, the prefabricated substation of the present invention can also be expanded by adding or replacing modules to adapt to changes in different scales and power requirements. The modular design of the prefabricated substation of the present invention makes the maintenance of the equipment more convenient. Equipment and components can be accessed, repaired and replaced more easily, reducing maintenance time and cost. In addition, the prefabricated substation of the present invention can intelligently manage the transmitted data, effectively reduce the pressure on the cloud network, only transmit necessary monitoring data, reduce labor costs and workload, improve work efficiency, and when a fault occurs, the system will first intelligently switch the load, and update the faulty equipment in time without affecting the user's electricity safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] By reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become readily understood. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, and the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts, wherein:

[0037] Figure 1 A block diagram of a pre-installed substation management system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 A flow chart of a prefabricated substation management method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings, and "multiple" generally includes at least two.

[0041] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe ... in the embodiments of the present invention, these ... should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish .... For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first ... may also be referred to as the second ..., and similarly, the second ... may also be referred to as the first ....

[0042] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0043] As used herein, the words "if" and "if" may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined" or "if (stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted as "when it is determined" or "in response to determining" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)", depending on the context.

[0044] It should also be noted that the term "includes", "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the commodity or device including the elements.

[0045] The optional embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a prefabricated substation management system, including a cloud management subsystem and one or more prefabricated substations.

[0048] The cloud management subsystem is used to receive data of one or more prefabricated substations and perform fault prediction based on the received data;

[0049] The prefabricated substation includes one or more of a medium voltage air insulated switchgear AIS, a gas insulated switchgear GIS, a low voltage distribution cabinet, a power transformer, a high / low voltage cable, a protection and monitoring subsystem, a power management system PMS, an AC / DC auxiliary power supply, a building management subsystem, a risk equipment monitoring device, a local control device and a network adapter.

[0050] Among them, the medium voltage air insulated switchgear AIS is used for the control, protection and isolation circuits of the medium voltage power system;

[0051] Gas-insulated switchgear GIS, which is used for control, protection and isolation circuits of high-voltage power systems;

[0052] Low voltage distribution cabinet, which is used to control and distribute electrical energy in low voltage power system;

[0053] Power transformers are used to transform voltage levels, converting high voltage electrical energy into low voltage electrical energy, or vice versa;

[0054] High / low voltage cables are cables used to transmit electrical energy. They are divided into high voltage cables and low voltage cables according to different voltage levels.

[0055] Protection and monitoring subsystem, which is used to monitor and protect equipment and circuits in the power system;

[0056] Power management system PMS, which is used to manage and control the power supply in the power system;

[0057] AC and DC auxiliary power supplies, which are used to provide power supply for auxiliary equipment in the power system;

[0058] Building management subsystem, which is used for building electricity management;

[0059] A risk equipment monitoring device, which is used to continuously monitor the equipment predicted by the cloud management subsystem to have a risk of failure and the equipment updated after a failure has occurred, and feed back the monitoring results to the cloud management subsystem;

[0060] A local control device, which is used to obtain the operating status of each device in the prefabricated substation and control the coordinated operation of each device in the prefabricated substation;

[0061] A network adapter, which is used to transmit data using a corresponding data transmission strategy based on the level information of the device and / or the instruction of the cloud management subsystem;

[0062] The equipment in the prefabricated substation is divided into high-level equipment, medium-level equipment and low-level equipment, wherein the high-level equipment includes medium-voltage air-insulated switchgear AIS, gas-insulated switchgear GIS, protection and monitoring subsystem, risk equipment monitoring device and power management system PMS, the medium-level equipment includes power transformers, high / low voltage cables and AC / DC auxiliary power supplies, and the low-level equipment includes low-voltage distribution cabinets and building management subsystems;

[0063] Wherein, when one or more high-level devices fail, the local control device generates an alarm message and transmits the stored data to the cloud management subsystem via the network adapter for analysis;

[0064] When one or more mid-level devices and / or low-level devices fail, the local control device generates an alarm message and sends an information transmission request to the cloud management subsystem, and after receiving an instruction from the cloud management subsystem, transmits the fault data to the cloud management subsystem through the network adapter. The instruction includes collecting data within a certain time period and transmitting it to the cloud management subsystem for analysis.

[0065] Specifically, a medium voltage air insulated switchgear is a switchgear used in medium voltage power systems for controlling, protecting and isolating circuits. It uses air as an insulating medium and is commonly found in medium voltage distribution networks and industrial power systems.

[0066] Gas-insulated switchgear is a switchgear used in high-voltage power systems. It uses gas (usually sulfide gas) as an insulating medium to control, protect and isolate circuits. Compared with medium-voltage air-insulated switchgear, GIS has higher insulation capacity and smaller footprint, and is commonly used in high-voltage transmission and substations.

[0067] Low voltage distribution cabinet is used to control and distribute electrical energy in low voltage power system, usually installed in buildings, factories and distribution rooms. It includes components such as circuit breakers, contactors, fuses, power meters, etc., which are used to control and protect circuits and realize electrical energy distribution.

[0068] Power transformers are used to transform voltage levels, converting high voltage electrical energy into low voltage electrical energy, or vice versa. They play a key role in transmitting and distributing electrical energy in power systems and are commonly found in substations and power transmission and distribution networks.

[0069] High / low voltage cables are used to transmit electrical energy. According to the voltage level, they are divided into high voltage cables and low voltage cables. High voltage cables are usually used for power transmission and power transmission between substations, while low voltage cables are used for power distribution systems inside buildings.

[0070] The protection and monitoring subsystem is used to monitor and protect the equipment and circuits in the power system. It includes various protection devices, monitoring instruments and sensors to detect faults, anomalies and states in the power system and take corresponding protection measures.

[0071] The power management system PMS is used to manage and control the power supply in the power system. It includes power controllers, switchgear and monitoring instruments, etc., which are used to switch, adjust and monitor the power supply to ensure the stable power supply of the power system.

[0072] A variable frequency drive (VFD) is a device used to control the speed of an AC motor. It achieves precise control of the motor speed by adjusting the frequency and voltage of the motor power supply. VFDs are often used in industrial automation systems to improve energy efficiency and flexibility of operation control.

[0073] The AC / DC auxiliary power supply is used to provide power supply for auxiliary equipment in the power system, such as relays, protection devices, control circuits, etc. It can convert the AC power of the main power supply into the required DC power to meet the working needs of the auxiliary equipment.

[0074] Embodiment 2

[0075] The present invention proposes a management method based on the above-mentioned prefabricated substation management system, the method comprising:

[0076] The local control device acquires the operating status of each device in the prefabricated substation in real time. When one or more high-level devices fail, the local control device transmits all the stored data to the cloud management subsystem via the network adapter in a first encryption manner;

[0077] When one or more mid-level devices and / or low-level devices fail, the local control device generates an alarm message and sends an information transmission request to the cloud management subsystem, and after receiving an instruction from the cloud management subsystem, transmits the fault data to the cloud management subsystem through the network adapter. The instruction includes collecting data within a certain time period and transmitting it to the cloud management subsystem for analysis.

[0078] For high-level equipment, when it fails, the data of all equipment stored in the local control device will be transmitted to the cloud management subsystem for system analysis to find the problem. When medium / low-level equipment fails, only part of the stored data needs to be transmitted, which can be the data of the equipment specified by the analyst or the data within a specified period. This can reduce the burden on the cloud management subsystem and effectively manage the equipment.

[0079] Installed at key locations in prefabricated substations, they are used to monitor various parameters in real time, such as current, voltage, temperature, etc. These sensors will collect data on the operating status of the substation and send it to the local control device.

[0080] The prefabricated substation includes a data acquisition unit that collects data sent by sensors and transmits the data to the intelligent management system through a wireless or wired network. The data acquisition unit can communicate with the sensors through protocols (such as Modbus, OPC, etc.) and convert the data into a processable format.

[0081] The local control device may include the following functions: storing and managing sensor data, establishing a database or data warehouse for subsequent analysis and query; real-time monitoring of sensor data, detecting abnormal conditions, triggering corresponding alarm mechanisms, and sending notifications to relevant personnel.

[0082] For example, real-time monitoring of current, voltage, temperature, humidity and other parameters of medium-voltage air insulated switchgear (AIS), gas insulated switchgear (GIS), low-voltage distribution cabinets, power transformers and other equipment. The monitoring data is transmitted to the local control device for analysis to achieve real-time monitoring of equipment status and abnormality detection.

[0083] The cloud management subsystem can identify potential failure risks by analyzing historical data and real-time data, and conduct fault diagnosis and prediction, so as to take maintenance and preventive measures in advance. It can also identify potential energy consumption problems and room for improvement by analyzing energy consumption data, and provide suggestions and solutions for energy consumption optimization. It can realize remote monitoring and control of prefabricated substations through network connection, including switch operation, parameter adjustment, etc. It can visualize data and provide intuitive charts and reports to help users understand and analyze the operation of substations.

[0084] Among them, by monitoring the energy consumption data of power transformers, variable frequency drives (VFDs) and power cables, energy consumption patterns and trends are analyzed, potential energy consumption problems are identified, and energy consumption optimization suggestions are provided. For example, according to the actual load of the equipment, the working mode of the variable frequency drive is optimized to reduce energy consumption.

[0085] The cloud management subsystem analyzes historical data and real-time data to identify potential failure risks, perform fault diagnosis and prediction, and can take the following steps:

[0086] Collect and organize historical data and real-time data, including sensor data, equipment operating status, environmental parameters, etc. Pre-process the data, including denoising, interpolation, and data cleaning, to ensure data quality and consistency.

[0087] Useful features are extracted from the collected data, which can be used to represent the operating status and failure mode of the equipment. Features can include statistical features (such as mean, variance), frequency domain features (such as spectrum analysis), and time domain features (such as waveform shape).

[0088] Use machine learning or deep learning technology to build a fault diagnosis model. Common models include decision trees, support vector machines, neural networks, etc. The training data of the model can be data from historical data of known faults and normal states. By training the model, it can determine whether the equipment has a fault based on the characteristics.

[0089] Use time series analysis or sequence models (such as recurrent neural networks, long short-term memory networks) to build a fault prediction model. This model can use the time correlation in historical data to predict the possible fault status of the equipment in the future. The training data can be the time series of the equipment status in the historical data.

[0090] Divide historical data into training sets and validation sets, use the training set to train the fault diagnosis and prediction model, and use the validation set to evaluate the performance of the model. Adjust the parameters and structure of the model to achieve better performance.

[0091] Real-time data is input into the fault diagnosis and prediction model, and the operating status of the equipment and possible failure risks are judged based on the output of the model. If the model detects a failure risk, the corresponding alarm mechanism can be triggered and maintenance and preventive measures can be taken.

[0092] Regularly monitor the performance and accuracy of the model, and continuously improve and optimize the model based on actual operating data. With the accumulation of more data and better model training, the accuracy of fault diagnosis and prediction will be improved.

[0093] The first encryption method is different from the second encryption method, and the security level of the first encryption method is higher than that of the second encryption method.

[0094] Implement data encryption technology to encrypt sensitive data, including encryption during data transmission and encryption during data storage. This ensures that data can remain confidential even during data transmission and storage.

[0095] Wherein, when the high-level device fails, the medium / low-level device feeds back its own operating status to the cloud management subsystem via the network adapter under the instruction of the cloud management subsystem.

[0096] In order to reduce the processing burden of the cloud management subsystem, the middle / low-level devices need to provide information feedback to the cloud management subsystem under the instruction of the cloud management subsystem. For example, if no information feedback is received from the high-level device within 10 information cycles, it is assumed that it has a fault. At this time, the cloud management subsystem directly instructs the middle / low-level device to directly feedback its own operating status to the cloud management subsystem through the network adapter. The data transmission is encrypted using the first encryption method.

[0097] Among them, the first encryption method is the AES-256 encryption algorithm, and the TLS 1.3 secure transmission protocol is adopted.

[0098] AES-256 (Advanced Encryption Standard with a key size of 256 bits) is a symmetric encryption algorithm that is widely recognized as a very secure and efficient encryption algorithm. TLS 1.3 (Transport Layer Security) is a secure transmission protocol used to protect the confidentiality and integrity of data in network communications while providing authentication and key exchange.

[0099] In addition, for communication between high-level devices, the TLS 1.3 protocol can be used to encrypt and protect data transmission. A secure TLS connection is established between devices, and the data is encrypted and decrypted using the AES-256 algorithm. This ensures the confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of data during transmission.

[0100] Among them, the second encryption method is the RSA encryption algorithm, and adopts the IPsec secure transmission protocol.

[0101] RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) is an asymmetric encryption algorithm commonly used for key exchange and digital signatures. IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) is a network layer security protocol suite used to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of IP packets.

[0102] For communication between mid-level devices, the IPsec protocol can be used to encrypt and protect the transmission of IP packets. IPsec provides encryption, authentication, and integrity protection, and uses the RSA algorithm for key exchange and digital signature verification.

[0103] Among them, the third encryption method is used for communication between low-level devices.

[0104] Among them, the third encryption method is the 3DES encryption algorithm, and adopts the HTTPS secure transmission protocol.

[0105] 3DES (Triple Data Encryption Standard) is a symmetric encryption algorithm that performs three DES encryption operations on data. HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is a secure HTTP protocol that uses TLS / SSL encryption to protect the confidentiality and integrity of Web communications.

[0106] For communication between low-level devices, the HTTPS protocol can be used to protect the security of Web communication. HTTPS uses TLS / SSL encryption to encrypt HTTP requests and responses and provide data confidentiality and integrity protection.

[0107] Among them, high-level devices and medium / low-level devices can communicate through wired connections. This can include network connections using Ethernet or other dedicated communication protocols, such as Modbus, Profibus, Profinet, etc.

[0108] For example, protection and monitoring systems, power management systems, and building management systems can be connected to high-end devices and medium- and low-end devices via Ethernet to achieve data transmission and control.

[0109] Among them, for a specific device, there may be dedicated communication protocols and interfaces. These protocols and interfaces may be standardized or manufacturer-specific.

[0110] For example, medium voltage air insulated switchgear (AIS), gas insulated switchgear (GIS) and low voltage distribution cabinets can communicate using a specific switch control protocol to achieve switch control and status monitoring.

[0111] In one embodiment, before the prefabricated substation operates normally, each equipment module has its own power-on self-test function. When the equipment is powered on, the module can perform self-diagnosis and self-test to ensure its normal operation and safety. The power-on self-test may include checking the hardware status, internal connections, software version, sensor status, etc.

[0112] In one embodiment, when each device is electrically connected, each device may undergo an identification and authentication process to determine its security level and supported encryption methods and protocols.

[0113] This can be achieved through a handshake protocol or authentication process between devices. Individual devices can exchange identity information and security parameters and verify to ensure that only authorized devices can communicate.

[0114] Once the devices are identified and authenticated, a security level negotiation process can be performed to determine the highest security level and encryption method supported by the devices.

[0115] Devices can exchange information such as the encryption algorithms, key lengths, and secure transmission protocols they support, and reach a consensus to select the appropriate security level.

[0116] By dynamically switching protocols during the communication process, the appropriate encryption method and protocol can be adaptively selected for communication based on the security level and agreement between each device.

[0117] If the security levels between the devices are the same, the specified encryption method and protocol can be selected according to the security level negotiation results, as described above. If the security levels between the devices are different, the encryption method and protocol used by the device with the higher security level can be used for communication, and for security reasons, the highest level of encryption is used for communication with the cloud management subsystem.

[0118] In actual implementation, a network adapter or gateway device is used to implement protocol conversion and encryption compatibility between devices.

[0119] The network adapter can perform protocol conversion, encryption and decryption, or data format conversion according to the security level and requirements between devices to achieve compatibility and secure communication between devices.

[0120] In one embodiment, high-level equipment includes: medium-voltage air-insulated switchgear (AIS) and gas-insulated switchgear (GIS): these devices are the core components of the prefabricated substation and are responsible for power transmission and switch control; protection and monitoring system and power management system (PMS): these devices are responsible for monitoring and protecting substation equipment and power transmission, and contain key operation and control data. For data encryption and transmission of these devices, encryption algorithms and secure transmission protocols with high encryption levels should be used to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of the data.

[0121] Medium-level equipment includes power transformers and high / low voltage cables: these devices play a key role in power transmission and conversion in substations; variable frequency drives (VFDs) and AC / DC auxiliary power supplies: these devices are responsible for power control and supply in substations and are essential for the normal operation of substations. For data encryption and transmission of these devices, encryption algorithms and secure transmission protocols of the medium encryption level can be used to protect the confidentiality and integrity of data.

[0122] Low-level equipment includes low-voltage distribution cabinets and building management systems: These devices are usually related to the power supply and building management of end users, and relatively less involved in critical operation and control data. For data encryption and transmission of these devices, encryption algorithms and secure transmission protocols with low encryption levels can be used to protect the data transmission process.

[0123] Among them, if the cloud management subsystem predicts that one or some medium / low-level equipment has a risk of failure based on historical data, a first alarm message is sent to the administrator and on-site personnel, and a first instruction is sent to the prefabricated substation; among them, historical data can usually be collected and analyzed in units of weeks / months / years to reduce the real-time operation and management costs of the cloud management subsystem.

[0124] After receiving the first instruction, the prefabricated substation regularly reports the operating status of one or some of the medium / low-level devices to the cloud management subsystem.

[0125] If the cloud management subsystem predicts that one or more high-level devices have a risk of failure based on historical data, a second alarm message is sent to the administrator and on-site personnel, and a second instruction is sent to the prefabricated substation to suspend the operation of the prefabricated substation;

[0126] In addition, the cloud management subsystem sends coordination control instructions to other prefabricated substations to evenly distribute the responsibilities of the current prefabricated substation to other prefabricated substations.

[0127] In a certain embodiment, the access rights to the prefabricated substation management system can also be restricted through mechanisms such as identity authentication, permission management, and access control lists. Only authorized personnel can access the system, and the data and operation scope they can access are determined according to their roles and responsibilities.

[0128] In one embodiment, a multi-factor authentication mechanism, such as two-factor authentication, can also be used to increase the security of system access, which can prevent unauthorized personnel from gaining access to the system.

[0129] Embodiment 3

[0130] The local control device and the cloud management subsystem can each undertake different tasks and functions. The local control device is mainly responsible for real-time monitoring and control, and handles operations and decisions that require high real-time performance. The cloud management subsystem is responsible for remote monitoring, fault diagnosis, statistical analysis and other tasks. By clearly dividing the work, the two control systems can play the best role in their respective fields.

[0131] For example, the local control device can be responsible for real-time monitoring of the electrical parameters, equipment operating status, alarm information, etc. of the prefabricated substation. When an emergency occurs or a timely response is required, the operator can make quick operations and decisions through the local control device. The cloud management subsystem is responsible for remote monitoring of multiple prefabricated substations, collecting and analyzing data, performing fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance, and providing comprehensive reporting and statistical analysis functions for management decision support.

[0132] A communication channel needs to be established between the local control device and the cloud management subsystem to achieve data sharing and interaction. The local control device can transmit real-time data and status information to the cloud management subsystem through the communication network, and the cloud management subsystem can obtain data from the local system through remote access to achieve remote monitoring and remote operation. The design of data sharing and communication needs to consider factors such as security, data integrity and real-time performance.

[0133] For example, the local control device can transmit real-time current, voltage, temperature and other data to the cloud management subsystem through the communication network, and the cloud management subsystem can record, analyze and alarm these data. At the same time, the cloud management subsystem can send control instructions or parameter adjustment requests to the local control device to achieve remote operation, such as adjusting the operating mode of the equipment or configuring protection parameters, or providing some data based on the instructions of the cloud management subsystem to reduce network transmission pressure.

[0134] The local control device and the cloud management subsystem need to establish an effective alarm and notification mechanism to ensure the timely transmission and processing of information. When the local control device detects a warning or fault condition, it can send an alarm to the on-site operator through the local alarm or local display screen, and at the same time transmit the alarm information to the cloud management subsystem through the communication network. The cloud management subsystem can receive the alarm information in time and notify the relevant personnel through mobile phones, emails, text messages, etc., so that they can take appropriate measures.

[0135] For example, when the local control device detects that the temperature of the power transformer exceeds the preset threshold, the local control device can issue an audible alarm and warning message, and transmit the alarm information to the cloud management subsystem. After receiving the alarm information, the cloud management subsystem can automatically send a text message to notify the operation and maintenance personnel to conduct on-site maintenance, and generate a fault report for reference by the management.

[0136] In one embodiment, in a prefabricated substation, a protection and monitoring system monitors parameters of a power transformer in real time, such as temperature, current, voltage, etc., through sensors and monitoring equipment.

[0137] When it is detected that the temperature of the power transformer exceeds the set threshold or the current is abnormal, the protection and monitoring system determines that a fault or abnormality exists.

[0138] After detecting a fault or anomaly, the protection and monitoring system can automatically trigger corresponding operations or notify other modules to make adjustments based on preset strategies and rules.

[0139] For example, the protection and monitoring system can automatically trigger the power transformer's power-off protection device to cut off the power supply to the power transformer to prevent further damage.

[0140] At the same time, the protection and monitoring system can send notifications to other modules, such as the power management system (PMS) and building management system, to inform them of the fault conditions of the power transformer.

[0141] After receiving notification from the protection and monitoring system, the power management system (PMS) can adjust the power supply strategy according to the fault conditions of the power transformer.

[0142] For example, the PMS can automatically switch to a backup power source to ensure that the power supply to other critical equipment is not affected.

[0143] At the same time, the building management system can receive information about power transformer failure and take corresponding measures, such as notifying operation and maintenance personnel to carry out repairs or dispatch backup equipment.

[0144] Embodiment 4:

[0145] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a non-volatile computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions can execute the method steps described in the above embodiment.

[0146] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium mentioned above in the present disclosure may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination of the above two. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or device. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries a computer-readable program code. This propagated data signal may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any suitable combination of the above. Computer readable signal media may also be any computer readable medium other than computer readable storage media, which may send, propagate or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device. The program code contained on the computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0147] The computer-readable medium may be included in the electronic device, or may exist independently without being incorporated into the electronic device.

[0148] Computer program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (AN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0149] The flow chart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, function and operation of the system, method and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each square box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of a code, and the module, the program segment or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some implementations as replacements, the functions marked in the square box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two square boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each square box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the square boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0150] The units involved in the embodiments described in the present disclosure may be implemented by software or hardware, wherein the name of a unit does not, in some cases, limit the unit itself.

[0151] The above introduces the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which is intended to make the spirit of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, but is not intended to limit the present invention. All modifications, substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection outlined by the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated substation management system, comprising a cloud management subsystem and one or more prefabricated substations, characterized in that: The cloud management subsystem is used to receive data from one or more prefabricated substations, and perform fault prediction based on the received data, and to identify potential problems and room for improvement in energy consumption by analyzing energy consumption data, provide suggestions and solutions for energy consumption optimization, visualize data, and provide intuitive charts and reports to help users understand and analyze the operation of the substation, wherein a fault diagnosis model is constructed using machine learning, time series analysis, sequence model or deep learning technology; The prefabricated substation includes one or more of a data acquisition unit, a medium voltage air insulated switchgear AIS, a gas insulated switchgear GIS, a low voltage distribution cabinet, a power transformer, a high / low voltage cable, a protection and monitoring subsystem, a power management system PMS, an AC / DC auxiliary power supply, a building management subsystem, a risk equipment monitoring device, a local control device and a network adapter; The data acquisition unit is used to collect data sent by sensors, which collect data on the operating status of the substation and send it to the local control device; The data acquisition unit communicates with the sensor via Modbus or OPC protocol and converts the data into a processable format; Classifying the equipment in the prefabricated substation into high-level equipment, medium-level equipment and low-level equipment; The risk equipment monitoring device is used to continuously monitor the equipment predicted by the cloud management subsystem to have a risk of failure and the equipment updated after a failure has occurred, and feed back the monitoring results to the cloud management subsystem; The local control device is used to obtain the operating status of each device in the prefabricated substation and control the coordinated operation of each device in the prefabricated substation; The network adapter is used to transmit data using a corresponding data transmission strategy based on the device level information and / or the instruction of the cloud management subsystem; The high-level equipment includes medium-voltage air-insulated switchgear AIS, gas-insulated switchgear GIS, protection and monitoring subsystem, risk equipment monitoring device and power management system PMS; the medium-level equipment includes power transformers, high / low voltage cables and AC / DC auxiliary power supplies; the low-level equipment includes low-voltage distribution cabinets and building management subsystems; The medium voltage air insulated switchgear AIS is used for control, protection and isolation circuits of medium voltage power systems; The gas insulated switchgear GIS is used for control, protection and isolation circuits of high-voltage power systems; The low-voltage power distribution cabinet is used to control and distribute electric energy in a low-voltage power system; The power transformer is used to transform the voltage level, converting high voltage electric energy into low voltage electric energy, or converting low voltage electric energy into low voltage electric energy; The high / low voltage cables are cables used to transmit electrical energy and are divided into high voltage cables and low voltage cables according to different voltage levels; The protection and monitoring subsystem is used to monitor and protect equipment and circuits in the power system; The power management system PMS is used to manage and control the power supply in the power system; The AC / DC auxiliary power supply is used to provide power supply for auxiliary equipment in the power system; The building management subsystem is used for building electricity management; The local control device acquires the operating status of each device in the prefabricated substation in real time, and when the high-level device fails, transmits data to the cloud management subsystem via the network adapter in a first encryption manner; When the medium / low-level device fails, data is transmitted to the local control device via the network adapter using a second encryption method; The first encryption method is different from the second encryption method, and the security level of the first encryption method is higher than that of the second encryption method; When the high-level device fails, the medium / low-level device feeds back its own operating status to the cloud management subsystem via the network adapter under the instruction of the cloud management subsystem; If no information feedback is received from the high-level device within 10 information cycles, it is assumed that a fault has occurred. At this time, the cloud management subsystem directly instructs the medium / low-level device to directly feedback its own operating status to the cloud management subsystem through the network adapter, wherein the data transmission is encrypted using the first encryption method; The cloud management subsystem sends control instructions or parameter adjustment requests to the local control device to achieve remote operation; When the local control device detects a warning or fault condition, it will send an alarm to the on-site operator through the local alarm or local display screen, and transmit the alarm information to the cloud management subsystem through the communication network at the same time; the cloud management subsystem will receive the alarm information in time and notify the relevant personnel through mobile phones, emails, and text messages so that they can take corresponding measures; The first encryption method is AES-256 encryption algorithm, and adopts TLS 1.3 secure transmission protocol; The second encryption method is RSA encryption algorithm and adopts IPsec secure transmission protocol; The third encryption method is used for communication between low-level devices; The third encryption method is a 3DES encryption algorithm, and uses the HTTPS secure transmission protocol; If the cloud management subsystem predicts that one or some medium / low-level equipment has a risk of failure based on historical data, a first alarm message is sent to the administrator and on-site personnel, and a first instruction is sent to the prefabricated substation; After receiving the first instruction, the prefabricated substation regularly reports the operating status of the one or some medium / low-level devices to the cloud management subsystem; Each device module has its own power-on self-test function; When the device is powered on, each device module performs self-diagnosis and self-test to ensure its normal operation and safety; The power-on self-test includes checking the hardware status, internal connections, software version, and sensor status; If the cloud management subsystem predicts that one or more high-level devices have a risk of failure based on historical data, a second alarm message is sent to the administrator and on-site personnel, and a second instruction is sent to the prefabricated substation to suspend the operation of the prefabricated substation; In addition, the cloud management subsystem sends coordination control instructions to other prefabricated substations to evenly distribute the responsibilities of the current prefabricated substation to other prefabricated substations.

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