An integrated feed device for a smelting vacuum furnace

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of smelting vacuum furnace technology and discloses an integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace, comprising a main body and an auxiliary body. The auxiliary body is located at the lower end of the main body. The main body includes a feed cylinder, a pump, a conveying pipe, a pressing assembly, and a filtering assembly. The pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the feed cylinder, and the conveying pipe is fixedly installed on the left side of the feed cylinder. In this integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace, through the installation of the main body, the pump draws material from inside the feed cylinder to the middle of the first and second grinding discs via the conveying pipe. A reduction motor starts, driving the first grinding disc to rotate inside the second grinding disc. Because the inner sides of the first and second grinding discs are evenly distributed with grinding teeth, and the surface of the grinding teeth has fine grooves, the first grinding disc generates significant friction when rotating inside the second grinding disc, which can refine lumpy materials, effectively improving the practicality of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smelting vacuum furnace technology, specifically to an integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace. Background Technology

[0002] A vacuum furnace is a device that uses a vacuum system (composed of a vacuum pump, vacuum measuring device, vacuum valves, etc.) to remove some of the material from the furnace chamber within a specific space, reducing the pressure inside the chamber to less than one atmosphere. This creates a vacuum state within the furnace chamber. Vacuum furnaces are devices that heat materials in a vacuum environment. They are connected to a high-vacuum pump system via pipes within a furnace chamber sealed with a metal casing or quartz glass cover. The heating system can use resistance heating wires (such as tungsten wires) or high-frequency induction heating, with a maximum temperature reaching approximately 3000℃. They are mainly used for ceramic firing, vacuum smelting, degassing and annealing of electrovacuum parts, brazing of metal parts, and ceramic-metal sealing. Vacuum smelting furnaces used for alloy steel have coils outside the furnace through which a repeatedly changing current is passed. Eddy currents are generated in the metal inside the furnace, and the heat generated by these eddy currents melts the metal. The advantage of eddy current metal smelting is that the entire process can be carried out in a vacuum, which prevents impurities in the air from entering the metal. This allows for the smelting of high-quality alloys. Vacuum smelting furnaces can also use high-frequency induction heating. A vacuum furnace generally consists of a furnace chamber, electric heating device, sealed furnace shell, vacuum system, power supply system, and temperature control system. The sealed furnace shell is welded from carbon steel or stainless steel, and the joint surfaces of detachable parts are sealed with vacuum sealing material. To prevent the furnace shell from deforming after heating and the sealing material from deteriorating due to heat, the furnace shell is generally cooled by water or air. The furnace chamber is located inside the sealed furnace shell. Depending on the purpose of the furnace, the furnace chamber contains different types of heating elements, such as resistors, induction coils, electrodes, and electron guns. Vacuum furnaces for melting metals contain crucibles inside the furnace chamber, and some are also equipped with automatic pouring devices and loading / unloading robots. The vacuum system mainly consists of a vacuum pump, vacuum valves, and vacuum gauges, and can also use high-frequency induction heating.

[0003] Existing patent CN107777272A discloses an integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace. This invention includes a first wall, a second wall, a worktable, and a material bin. A vertical first slide rail and a horizontal second slide rail are fixed to the first wall. A supporting truss is fixed to the second wall. A fourth slide rail is slidably mounted on the supporting truss. One end of the second slide rail is connected to a third slide rail. One end of the third slide rail is connected to an auxiliary guide plate. This invention, by installing the first, second, third, and fourth slide rails on the walls of the smelting workshop, allows the material bin to be lifted by a hoisting device, and the material to be added to the furnace chamber of the vacuum furnace via the auxiliary guide plate. This reduces the labor intensity of material transportation. The first, second, third, and fourth slide rails protect the material bin, improving the safety factor of the smelting environment and increasing the material feeding efficiency. The discharge plate slides on the protective groove to push the material out, preventing raw materials from adhering to the wall of the feeding device and improving the utilization rate of raw materials.

[0004] However, while the existing patent CN107777272A reduces the labor intensity of material transportation by installing a first, second, third, and fourth slide rail on the wall of the smelting workshop, using hoisting equipment to lift the material box, and adding the material into the furnace chamber of the vacuum furnace via auxiliary guide plates, and protects the material box through the first, second, third, and fourth slide rails to improve the safety factor of the smelting environment and increase the material feeding efficiency, and the discharge plate slides on the protective groove to push out the material, preventing the raw material from adhering to the wall of the feeding equipment and improving the utilization rate of the raw material, the raw material may clump together due to the influence of the processing or storage environment, and may also be contaminated with some impurities. If these impurities are not treated before smelting, the smelting effect may be affected. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that, due to the influence of the processing or storage environment, the raw materials may agglomerate into lumps and may also be contaminated with some impurities. If these impurities are not treated before smelting, the smelting effect may be affected.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace, comprising a main body and an auxiliary body, wherein the auxiliary body is located at the lower end of the main body. The main body includes a feeding cylinder, a pump, a conveying pipe, a pressing assembly, and a filtering assembly. The pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the feeding cylinder, the conveying pipe is fixedly installed on the left side of the feeding cylinder, the pressing assembly is movably installed on the left side of the conveying pipe, and the filtering assembly is fixedly installed at the lower end of the conveying pipe. The pressing assembly includes a reduction motor, a transmission rod, a limiting frame, a first grinding disc, a second grinding disc, and a ball bearing retaining belt. The reduction motor is fixedly installed on the left side of the conveying pipe, and the transmission rod is movably installed at the lower end of the reduction motor.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting frame is fixedly installed on the outside of the geared motor, the first grinding disc is movably installed at the lower end of the transmission rod, the second grinding disc is installed at the lower end of the first grinding disc, and the ball bearing retainer is installed between the first and second grinding discs. The installation of the limiting frame is mainly used to fix the geared motor relatively stably on the left side of the conveying pipe. The pump draws the material inside the feed cylinder through the conveying pipe to the space between the first and second grinding discs. The geared motor starts and drives the first grinding disc to rotate inside the second grinding disc. Since the inner sides of the first and second grinding discs are evenly distributed with grinding teeth and the surface of the grinding teeth is textured, the first grinding disc generates a large friction force when rotating inside the second grinding disc, which can refine the lumpy material. The refined material enters the reaction cylinder through the conical cylinder, effectively improving the practicality of the device.

[0010] Preferably, the filtration assembly includes a conical cylinder, a fixed frame, a roving filter screen one, and a fine yarn filter screen two. The conical cylinder is fixedly installed below the second grinding disc. The roving filter screen one and the fine yarn filter screen two can filter impurities in the material, effectively improving the practicality of the device.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing frame is fixedly installed on the outside of the conical cylinder, the first coarse yarn filter screen is fixedly installed on the inside of the conical cylinder, the second fine yarn filter screen is fixedly installed on the inside of the conical cylinder, and the second fine yarn filter screen is fixedly installed below the first coarse yarn filter screen. The installation of the fixing frame is used to reinforce the conical cylinder and effectively improve the stability of the device.

[0012] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism includes a reaction cylinder, a vacuum pump, a vacuum valve, a support frame, a tank, an electric heating device, a temperature controller, a resistance wire, and a drive assembly. The reaction cylinder is fixedly installed at the lower end of the conical cylinder. When the material enters the tank inside the reaction cylinder, the vacuum valve is opened, the vacuum pump is started, and the air inside the tank is drawn away to make it enter a vacuum state.

[0013] Preferably, the vacuum pump is fixedly installed on the right side of the reaction cylinder, the vacuum valve is fixedly installed at the lower end of the vacuum pump, the support frame is fixedly installed at the lower end of the reaction cylinder, the tank body is movably installed inside the reaction cylinder, the electric heating device is fixedly installed at the inner end of the reaction cylinder, the temperature controller is fixedly installed to the right of the electric heating device, the resistance wire is fixedly installed inside the tank body, and the drive assembly is movably installed inside the reaction cylinder. The electric heating device heats the resistance wire through the temperature controller, causing the temperature inside the tank body to rise rapidly.

[0014] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a stepper motor, a first drive wheel, a second transmission wheel, a connecting rod, a side-end positioning frame for the swing rod, and a hinge. The stepper motor is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner end of the reaction cylinder. When the stepper motor is started, it drives the first drive wheel to rotate. The rotation of the first drive wheel causes the second transmission wheel to move in a circular motion around it. The second transmission wheel moves in a circular motion around the first drive wheel, causing the connecting rod to open and close.

[0015] Preferably, the first drive wheel is movably mounted on the transmission end of the stepper motor, the second transmission wheel is movably mounted on the outside of the first drive wheel, the connecting rod is movably mounted on the outside of the second transmission wheel, the swing rod is movably mounted between the connecting rod and the tank body, the side positioning frame is mounted on the left side of the tank body, the side positioning frame is hinged to the tank body, and the hinge is movably mounted between the side positioning frame and the tank body. The connecting rod performs an opening and closing movement. Since the left end of the tank body is hinged to the side positioning frame, the opening and closing movement of the connecting rod drives the swing rod to swing up and down, which in turn drives the tank body and its internal material to shake up and down. This allows the material inside the tank to be heated relatively evenly, effectively improving the practicality of the device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The integrated feeding device of this smelting vacuum furnace is designed to address the issue that raw materials may clump together due to processing or storage conditions, and may also be contaminated with impurities. Failure to treat these materials before smelting may affect the smelting effect. The installation of the limiting frame on the main structure allows for the stable fixing of the geared motor to the left side of the conveying pipe. The pump draws material from the feed cylinder through the conveying pipe between the first and second grinding discs. The geared motor then starts, driving the first grinding disc to rotate inside the second grinding disc. The evenly distributed grinding teeth on the inner sides of both discs, with fine grooves on their surface, generate significant friction as the first grinding disc rotates inside the second disc, refining the clumps. The refined material then enters the reaction cylinder through the conical cylinder. Coarse yarn filter one and fine yarn filter two filter impurities from the material. The fixing frame reinforces the conical cylinder, effectively improving the device's practicality.

[0018] 2. The integrated feeding device of this smelting vacuum furnace, through the installation of auxiliary mechanisms, opens the vacuum valve and starts the vacuum pump when the material enters the tank inside the reaction cylinder, drawing out the air inside the tank to create a vacuum. The electric heating device heats the resistance wire through a temperature controller, causing the temperature inside the tank to rise rapidly. At this time, the stepper motor starts, driving the first drive wheel to rotate. The rotation of the first drive wheel drives the second transmission wheel to rotate around it in a circular motion. The second transmission wheel rotates around the first drive wheel in a circular motion, causing the connecting rod to open and close. Since the left end of the tank is hinged to the side positioning frame, the opening and closing motion of the connecting rod causes the swing rod to swing up and down, which in turn causes the tank and the material inside to shake up and down. This ensures that the material inside the tank is heated relatively evenly, effectively improving the practicality of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pressing assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the reaction cylinder of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the conical cylinder of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vacuum valve installation structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the auxiliary mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Main structure; 101. Feed cylinder; 102. Pump; 103. Conveying pipe; 104. Pressing assembly; 1041. Gear motor; 1042. Transmission rod; 1043. Limiting frame; 1044. First grinding disc; 1045. Second grinding disc; 1046. Ball bearing belt; 105. Filter assembly; 1051. Conical cylinder; 1052. Fixing frame; 1053. First roving filter screen; 1054. Second roving filter screen. 2. Auxiliary mechanisms; 201. Reaction cylinder; 202. Vacuum pump; 203. Vacuum valve; 204. Support frame; 205. Tank body; 206. Electric heating device; 207. Temperature controller; 208. Resistance wire; 209. Drive assembly; 2091. Stepper motor; 2092. First drive wheel; 2093. Second transmission wheel; 2094. Connecting rod; 2095. Swing rod; 2096. Side positioning frame; 2097. Hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-6This invention provides a technical solution: an integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace, comprising a main body 1 and an auxiliary body 2. The auxiliary body 2 is located at the lower end of the main body 1. The main body 1 includes a feed cylinder 101, a pump 102, a conveying pipe 103, a pressing assembly 104, and a filtering assembly 105. The pump 102 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the feed cylinder 101, the conveying pipe 103 is fixedly installed on the left side of the feed cylinder 101, the pressing assembly 104 is movably installed on the left side of the conveying pipe 103, and the filtering assembly 105... Component 105 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the feed pipe 103; the pressing assembly 104 includes a reduction motor 1041, a transmission rod 1042, a limit frame 1043, a first grinding disc 1044, a second grinding disc 1045, and a ball bearing retaining belt 1046. The reduction motor 1041 is fixedly installed on the left side of the feed pipe 103, the transmission rod 1042 is movably installed at the lower end of the reduction motor 1041, the limit frame 1043 is fixedly installed on the outside of the reduction motor 1041, and the first grinding disc 1044 is movably installed on the transmission rod 1043. At the lower end of 42, the second grinding disc 1045 is installed at the lower end of the first grinding disc 1044, and the ball bearing fixing belt 1046 is installed between the first grinding disc 1044 and the second grinding disc 1045. The filter assembly 105 includes a conical cylinder 1051, a fixing frame 1052, a roving filter screen 1053, and a fine yarn filter screen 1054. The conical cylinder 1051 is fixedly installed below the second grinding disc 1045, and the fixing frame 1052 is fixedly installed on the outside of the conical cylinder 1051. The roving filter screen 1053 is fixedly installed on the outside of the conical cylinder 1051. The fine yarn filter screen 1054 is fixedly installed inside the conical cylinder 1051, and the fine yarn filter screen 1054 is fixedly installed below the coarse yarn filter screen 1053. The auxiliary mechanism 2 includes a reaction cylinder 201, a vacuum pump 202, a vacuum valve 203, a support frame 204, a tank 205, an electric heating device 206, a temperature controller 207, a resistance wire 208, and a drive assembly 209. The reaction cylinder 201 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the conical cylinder 1051.

[0028] A vacuum pump 202 is fixedly installed on the right side of the reaction cylinder 201. A vacuum valve 203 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the vacuum pump 202. A support frame 204 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the reaction cylinder 201. A tank body 205 is movably installed inside the reaction cylinder 201. An electric heating device 206 is fixedly installed at the inner end of the reaction cylinder 201. A temperature controller 207 is fixedly installed to the right of the electric heating device 206. A resistance wire 208 is fixedly installed inside the tank body 205. A drive assembly 209 is movably installed inside the reaction cylinder 201. The drive assembly 209 includes a stepper motor 2091, a first drive wheel 2092, a second transmission wheel 2093, a connecting rod 2094, a swing rod 2095, a side positioning frame 2096, and a hinge 2097. A stepper motor 2091 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner end of the reaction cylinder 201. A first drive wheel 2092 is movably installed at the transmission end of the stepper motor 2091. A second drive wheel 2093 is movably installed on the outside of the first drive wheel 2092. A connecting rod 2094 is movably installed on the outside of the second drive wheel 2093. A swing rod 2095 is movably installed between the connecting rod 2094 and the tank body 205. A side-end positioning frame 2096 is installed on the left side of the tank body 205 and is hinged to the tank body 205. A hinge 2097 is movably installed between the side-end positioning frame 2096 and the tank body 205. The installation of the limiting frame 1043 is mainly used to fix the reduction motor 1041 relatively stably on the left side of the conveying pipe 103. When using the integrated feeding device of the smelting vacuum furnace, the pump 102 draws the material inside the feed cylinder 101 through the feed pipe 103 to the space between the first grinding disc 1044 and the second grinding disc 1045. The geared motor 1041 starts, driving the first grinding disc 1044 to rotate inside the second grinding disc 1045. Since the inner sides of the first grinding disc 1044 and the second grinding disc 1045 are evenly distributed with grinding teeth and the surface of the grinding teeth is textured, the first grinding disc 1044 generates a large friction force when rotating inside the second grinding disc 1045, which can refine the lumpy material. The refined material enters the reaction cylinder 201 through the conical cylinder 1051. The coarse yarn filter screen 1053 and the fine yarn filter screen 1054 can filter the material. Impurities are filtered out. The mounting bracket 1052 is used to reinforce the conical cylinder 1051. When the material enters the tank 205 inside the reaction cylinder 201, the vacuum valve 203 is opened, and the vacuum pump 202 is started to remove the air from the tank 205, creating a vacuum. The electric heating device 206 heats the resistance wire 208 through the temperature controller 207, causing the temperature inside the tank 205 to rise rapidly. At this time, the stepper motor 2091 starts, driving the first drive wheel 2092 to rotate. The rotation of the first drive wheel 2092 drives the second transmission wheel 2093 to rotate around it. The rotation of the second transmission wheel 2093 around the first drive wheel 2092 causes the connecting rod 2094 to open and close.Because the left end of the tank 205 is hinged to the side positioning frame 2096, the connecting rod 2094 opens and closes, causing the swing rod 2095 to swing up and down. This, in turn, causes the tank 205 and its internal material to shake up and down, ensuring that the material inside the tank 205 is heated relatively evenly.

[0029] Working Principle: When using the integrated feeding device of the smelting vacuum furnace, the installation of the limit frame 1043 is mainly used to stably fix the reduction motor 1041 on the left side of the conveying pipe 103. The pump 102 draws the material inside the feed cylinder 101 through the conveying pipe 103 to the space between the first grinding disc 1044 and the second grinding disc 1045. The reduction motor 1041 starts, driving the first grinding disc 1044 to rotate inside the second grinding disc 1045. Since the inner sides of the first grinding disc 1044 and the second grinding disc 1045 are evenly distributed with grinding teeth and the surface of the grinding teeth is textured, the first grinding disc 1044 generates a large friction force when rotating inside the second grinding disc 1045, which can refine the lumpy material. The refined material enters the reaction cylinder 201 through the conical cylinder 1051. The coarse yarn filter screen 1053 and the fine yarn filter screen 1054 can filter impurities in the material. The installation of the fixing frame 1052 is used to fix the conical cylinder 1051. The cylindrical body 1051 is reinforced. When the material enters the tank 205 inside the reaction cylinder 201, the vacuum valve 203 is opened and the vacuum pump 202 is started to remove the air inside the tank 205, making it enter a vacuum state. The electric heating device 206 heats the resistance wire 208 through the temperature controller 207, causing the temperature inside the tank 205 to rise rapidly. At this time, the stepper motor 2091 starts, driving the first drive wheel 2092 to rotate. The rotation of the first drive wheel 2092 drives the second transmission wheel 2093 to move in a circle around it. The second transmission wheel 2093 moves in a circle around the first drive wheel 2092, causing the connecting rod 2094 to open and close. Since the left end of the tank 205 is hinged to the side positioning frame 2096, the opening and closing movement of the connecting rod 2094 drives the swing rod 2095 to swing up and down, which in turn causes the tank 205 and the material inside to shake up and down, so that the material inside the tank 205 can be heated relatively evenly.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention do not depart from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace, comprising a main body (1) and an auxiliary body (2), characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism (2) is located at the lower end of the main mechanism (1). The main mechanism (1) includes a feed cylinder (101), a pump (102), a conveying pipe (103), a pressing assembly (104), and a filtering assembly (105). The pump (102) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the feed cylinder (101), the conveying pipe (103) is fixedly installed on the left side of the feed cylinder (101), and the pressing assembly (104) is movably installed on the conveying pipe (103). On the left side, the filter assembly (105) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the feed pipe (103). The auxiliary mechanism (2) includes a reaction cylinder (201), a vacuum pump (202), a vacuum valve (203), a support frame (204), a tank (205), an electric heating device (206), a temperature controller (207), a resistance wire (208), and a drive assembly (209). The reaction cylinder (201) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the conical cylinder (1051). The pressing assembly (104) includes a geared motor (1041), a transmission rod (1042), a limiting frame (1043), a first grinding disc (1044), a second grinding disc (1045), and a ball bearing retaining belt (1046). The geared motor (1041) is fixedly installed on the left side of the conveying pipe (103). The transmission rod (1042) is movably installed at the lower end of the geared motor (1041). The limiting frame (1043) is fixedly installed on the outside of the geared motor (1041). The first grinding disc (1044) is movably installed at the lower end of the transmission rod (1042). The second grinding disc (1045) is installed on the first grinding rod (1046). At the lower end of a grinding disc (1044), the ball bearing retainer (1046) is installed between the first grinding disc (1044) and the second grinding disc (1045). The auxiliary mechanism (2) includes a reaction cylinder (201), a vacuum pump (202) is fixedly installed on the right side of the reaction cylinder (201), a vacuum valve (203) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the vacuum pump (202), a support frame (204) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the reaction cylinder (201), a tank (205) is movably installed inside the reaction cylinder (201), and an electric heating device (206) is fixedly installed at the inner end of the reaction cylinder (201). The temperature controller (207) is fixedly installed on the right side of the electric heating device (206), the resistance wire (208) is fixedly installed on the inside of the tank (205), and the drive assembly (209) is movably installed inside the reaction cylinder (201). The drive assembly (209) includes a stepper motor (2091), a first drive wheel (2092), a second transmission wheel (2093), a connecting rod (2094), a swing rod (2095), a side positioning frame (2096), and a hinge (2097). The stepper motor (2091) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner end of the reaction cylinder (201), and the first drive wheel (2094) is fixedly installed on the right side of the electric heating device (206). 092) The second drive wheel (2093) is movably installed on the transmission end of the stepper motor (2091), the second drive wheel (2093) is movably installed on the outside of the first drive wheel (2092), the connecting rod (2094) is movably installed on the outside of the second drive wheel (2093), the swing rod (2095) is movably installed between the connecting rod (2094) and the tank (205), the side positioning frame (2096) is installed on the left side of the tank (205), the side positioning frame (2096) is hinged to the tank (205), and the hinge (2097) is movably installed between the side positioning frame (2096) and the tank (205).

2. The integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (105) includes a conical cylinder (1051), a fixing frame (1052), a coarse yarn filter screen one (1053) and a fine yarn filter screen two (1054), and the conical cylinder (1051) is fixedly installed below the second grinding disc (1045).

3. The integrated feeding device for a smelting vacuum furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing frame (1052) is fixedly installed on the outside of the conical cylinder (1051), the first coarse yarn filter screen (1053) is fixedly installed on the inside of the conical cylinder (1051), the second fine yarn filter screen (1054) is fixedly installed on the inside of the conical cylinder (1051), and the second fine yarn filter screen (1054) is fixedly installed below the first coarse yarn filter screen (1053).

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