Gradually shrinkable isolation ward, air supply system and air supply method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tapered isolation ward, an air supply system and an air supply method, comprising a ward body, wherein the walls at both ends of the length direction of the ward body are respectively provided with an exhaust port and an air supply port, and the walls at both ends of the length direction of the ward body have different widths, and the air supply port is provided on the wider side wall, and the exhaust port is provided on the narrower side wall; the inner space of the ward body is transversely divided at the midpoint of the length direction to form a bed placement area on the exhaust port side and a personnel activity area on the air supply port side. This technical solution enables the air in the ward body to flow in one direction, and the bed placement area is located in the downstream area of ​​the air flow, which can prevent the air exhaled by the patient from polluting the air in other areas of the ward body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air flow and pollutant control, and in particular to a tapered isolation ward, an air supply system and an air supply method. Background Art

[0002] Respiratory infectious diseases are a type of disease that can be transmitted through the air, including influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis, etc. How to effectively prevent and control respiratory infectious diseases has always been an issue that needs attention.

[0003] Negative pressure isolation wards are special wards used to isolate patients with respiratory infectious diseases. In negative pressure isolation wards, in order to avoid cross infection, the fresh air should first pass through the clean area where medical staff are located, then enter the contaminated area where the patients are located, and finally be discharged from the exhaust vents. Some domestic and foreign guidelines and specifications recommend the use of a downward airflow ventilation system to form a vertical three-zone division of the upper clean area, the middle breathing area, and the lower contaminated area. The exhaust vents are arranged in the lower contaminated area to discharge pollutants. However, some scholars have found that the use of a downward airflow ventilation system in negative pressure wards often does not achieve the expected effect, mainly for two reasons.

[0004] First, in order to achieve vertical zoning and avoid mixing of air flows between partitions, the air supply speed should be as small as possible to make the flow state close to laminar flow; however, under the action of the human body's thermal plume and exhaled jet, an updraft will be formed, driving the droplets to move upward. Since the downward airflow speed is relatively low, the upward effect cannot be suppressed, and the droplet aerosol may be suspended in the respiratory zone, which increases the risk of infection.

[0005] Second, if the air supply speed is increased in order to suppress the rising air flow, the air supply airflow will be fully turbulent, the mixing effect will be enhanced, the vertical partition will be broken, the diffusion range of droplet aerosols will be wider, and the risk of infection will increase, which is equivalent to mixed ventilation; currently, the airflow organization design of most negative pressure wards is close to mixed ventilation. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt some new ventilation modes to improve the airflow organization of negative pressure wards.

[0006] At present, layered ventilation has been used in negative pressure isolation wards, and can effectively reduce the risk of pathogen transmission and reduce the risk of exposure of medical staff. Layered ventilation is a newly proposed horizontal air supply airflow organization form, which directly delivers fresh air into the breathing zone of personnel, can effectively improve the quality of inhaled air, and has the potential to prevent medical staff from being infected. Layered ventilation will form a "sandwich" vertical temperature stratification phenomenon in the room with low temperature in the middle and high temperature in the upper and lower parts, which will affect the diffusion of exhaled droplets. The horizontal air supply airflow is usually in the opposite direction of the patient's exhalation jet. If the airflow speed is large enough, it can effectively inhibit the virus from entering the breathing zone of medical staff through the exhalation jet, thereby reducing the risk of infection.

[0007] However, it cannot be guaranteed that the horizontal air flow still has a high speed when it reaches the patient. The air flow speed will decay as the distance increases. If the air flow speed is increased, the blowing feeling will increase, reducing comfort and being detrimental to the patient's recovery. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tapered isolation ward, an air supply system and an air supply method to solve the problem that the air supply air flow velocity in the prior art will decay with increasing distance. If the air supply speed is increased, the blowing sensation will increase, reducing comfort and being detrimental to the patient's recovery.

[0009] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A tapered isolation ward, comprising a ward body, wherein the walls at both ends of the ward body in the length direction are respectively provided with an exhaust port and an air supply port, and the walls at both ends of the ward body in the length direction have different widths, and the air supply port is provided on the wider side wall, and the exhaust port is provided on the narrower side wall;

[0011] The inner space of the ward body is transversely divided at the midpoint in the length direction to form a bed placement area on the exhaust port side and a personnel activity area on the air supply port side.

[0012] It is further defined that both side walls of the ward body along the length direction are arc-surface structures;

[0013] And the line between the air outlet and the air inlet is perpendicular to the side walls at both ends in the length direction.

[0014] It is further defined that the midline from the head to the foot of the bed placed in the bed placement area and the line between the exhaust port and the air inlet are located on the same longitudinal plane, and the head of the bed faces the exhaust port.

[0015] It is further defined that the height of the exhaust port relative to the ground is smaller than the height of the supply port relative to the ground.

[0016] An air supply system used in a tapered isolation ward includes an air purification device and a suction device, wherein the outlet of the air purification device is connected to an air supply port, the inlet of the suction device is connected to an air exhaust port, and the suction device is connected to an air purifier for disinfecting and sterilizing the extracted air.

[0017] A method for supplying air comprises the following steps:

[0018] S001. Adjust the air supply volume of the air purification equipment and the exhaust volume of the suction equipment to make a difference between the air supply volume and the exhaust volume, so that the interior of the ward is in a slightly negative pressure state;

[0019] S002. Then adjust the air supply volume of the air purification equipment and the exhaust volume of the suction equipment to make the air supply volume equal to the exhaust volume to keep the slight negative pressure state formed in the ward constant.

[0020] It is further defined that the air supply volume and exhaust volume in S002 are set according to the number of patients admitted to the ward body;

[0021] The specific setting value is that the fresh air volume per capita is not less than 40m 3 / h, and the total air supply volume can ensure the ventilation frequency requirement of 6-12 times per hour.

[0022] It is further defined that the slightly negative pressure state value in S001 is -14Pa to -16Pa.

[0023] It is further defined that the air temperature introduced into the air purification device is 20°C-26°C and the humidity is 30%-70%.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The invention relates to a tapered isolation ward, an air supply system and an air supply method, wherein the air flow direction in the ward body is from the side close to the air supply port to the side close to the exhaust port, that is, the interior of the ward body can be divided into a personnel activity area close to the upstream of the air flow and a bed placement area close to the downstream of the air flow according to the upstream and downstream relationship of the flow direction, wherein the personnel activity area is used for the activity area of ​​medical staff, and the bed placement area is used for placing beds. When fresh air is introduced by the air purification equipment, a part of the fresh air will flow through the connecting channel between the air supply port and the exhaust port, and the other part will diffuse to the surroundings to supplement the air in the personnel activity area, so that the air quality in the personnel activity area is guaranteed. At the same time, under the action of the exhaust fan, the low-pressure area formed at the exhaust port position can make the air in the bed placement area flow to the exhaust port, so that the air in the ward body is continuously flowing, and the bed placement area is located in the downstream area of ​​the air flow, which can prevent the air exhaled by the patient from polluting the air in other areas of the ward body.

[0026] And because there is a width difference at the two ends of the ward body facing the exhaust outlet and the air supply outlet respectively, that is, the width of the wall on the exhaust outlet side is smaller than the width of the wall on the air supply outlet side, when the exhaust fan is working, it can promote the air in the space on the exhaust outlet side of the ward body to flow toward the exhaust outlet, and the air entering the ward body from the air supply outlet to flow in a direction around the air supply outlet.

[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ward itself;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the air flow state on the horizontal plane inside the ward;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the air flow state on the longitudinal plane inside the ward;

[0031] In the picture: 1. Ward body; 2. Exhaust vent; 3. Air supply vent; 4. Bed; 5. Staff activity area; 6. Bed placement area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0035] In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "one side", "the other side", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In addition, the term "same" does not mean that the parts must be absolutely the same, but slight differences are allowed. The term "vertical" only means that the positional relationship between the parts is more vertical than "parallel", and does not mean that the structure must be completely vertical, but can be slightly tilted.

[0037] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a tapered isolation ward, comprising a ward body 1, wherein the walls at both ends of the length direction of the ward body 1 are respectively provided with an exhaust port 2 and an air supply port 3, and the walls at both ends of the length direction of the ward body 1 have different widths, and the air supply port 3 is provided on a wider side wall, and the exhaust port 2 is provided on a narrower side wall;

[0038] The interior of the ward body 1 is transversely divided at the midpoint in the length direction to form a bed 4 placement area on the exhaust port 2 side and a personnel activity area 5 on the air supply port 3 side.

[0039] An exhaust port 2 and an air supply port 3 are respectively provided at both ends of the length direction of the ward body 1. When in use, the exhaust port 2 and the air supply port 3 can be connected to a suction device and an air purification device respectively. The suction device and the air purification device are used as power devices for extracting the air in the ward body 1 and introducing the air into the ward body 1 respectively. Since the exhaust port 2 and the air supply port 3 are opposite to each other, when the exhaust fan extracts the air in the ward body 1 to the outside and the air purification device introduces the air into the ward body 1, the interior of the ward body 1 is connected to the exhaust port 2 and the air supply port 3. The relative position of the outlet 2 will form a low-pressure area under the action of the exhaust fan, and the relative position of the air outlet 3 will form a high-pressure area. Under the action of the pressure difference, the air entering the ward body 1 from the air outlet 3 will flow toward the exhaust outlet 2, and the air flow will flow through the ward body 1 along the line between the air outlet 3 and the exhaust outlet 2. When the air flows in the ward body 1 along the line between the air outlet 3 and the exhaust outlet 2, the air pressure in the channel area will be lower than that in other areas, causing the air in other areas to mix into the flow channel;

[0040] The air flow direction in the ward body 1 is taken as flowing from the side of the air supply port 3 to the side of the exhaust port 2, that is, the interior of the ward body 1 can be divided into a personnel activity area 5 upstream of the air flow and a bed 4 placement area downstream of the air flow according to the upstream and downstream relationship of the flow direction, wherein the personnel activity area 5 is used as an activity area for medical staff, and the bed 4 placement area is used to place the bed 4. When fresh air is introduced by the air purification equipment, a part of the fresh air will flow through the connecting channel between the air supply port 3 and the exhaust port 2, and the other part will diffuse to the surroundings to supplement the air in the personnel activity area 5, so that the air quality in the personnel activity area 5 is guaranteed. At the same time, under the action of the exhaust fan, the low-pressure area formed at the position of the exhaust port 2 can make the air in the bed 4 placement area flow to the exhaust port 2, so that the air in the ward body 1 is continuously flowing, and the bed 4 placement area is located in the downstream area of ​​the air flow, which can prevent the air exhaled by the patient from polluting the air in other areas of the ward body 1.

[0041] And because there is a width difference between the two ends of the ward body 1 facing the exhaust port 2 and the air supply port 3 respectively, that is, the width of the wall on the side of the exhaust port 2 is smaller than the width of the wall on the side of the air supply port 3, when the exhaust fan is working, it can promote the air in the space on the side of the exhaust port 2 in the ward body 1 to flow toward the exhaust port 2, and the air entering the ward body 1 from the air supply port 3 to diffuse around the air supply port 3.

[0042] In this embodiment, both side walls of the ward body 1 along the length direction are arc-shaped structures; and the line between the air outlet 2 and the air inlet is perpendicular to the side walls at both ends in the length direction.

[0043] The line between the exhaust port 2 and the air inlet is perpendicular to the side walls at both ends of the length direction of the ward body 1, that is, the distance between the exhaust port 2 and the air inlet is the shortest distance between the two side walls, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the air flow channel using the line between the air supply port 3 and the exhaust port 2 as the air flow channel, and the two sides of the flow channel are gradually curved, which can facilitate the air in the ward body 1 to flow to the exhaust port 2.

[0044] In this embodiment, the midline from the head to the foot of the bed 4 placed in the bed 4 placement area and the line between the exhaust port 2 and the air inlet are located on the same longitudinal plane, and the head of the bed faces the exhaust port 2.

[0045] That is, the connection line between the air supply port 3 and the air exhaust port 2 can be used as an air flow channel passing through the bed 4, so that the air exhaled by the patient can be taken away by the air flow, and the head of the bed 4 is facing the air exhaust port 2, that is, the head of the patient is close to the position of the air exhaust port 2, thereby reducing the distance between the air exhaled by the patient and the air exhaust port 2, which can reduce the residence time of the air exhaled by the patient in the ward body 1, and also reduce the influence of the air exhaled by the patient on the air quality in the ward body 1.

[0046] In this embodiment, the height of the air outlet 2 relative to the ground is smaller than the height of the air supply outlet 3 relative to the ground.

[0047] The height of the air flow channel, which is a line connecting the air supply port 3 and the air exhaust port 2, in the ward body 1 is gradually lowered toward the position of the air exhaust port 2, and the height of the air exhaust port 2 is preferably lower than the height of the hospital bed 4, so that the height of the low-pressure area formed when the air flows is lower than the height of the hospital bed 4, which can reduce the upward diffusion amount of the air exhaled by the patient.

[0048] An air supply system applied to a tapered isolation ward includes an air purification device and a suction device, wherein the outlet of the air purification device is connected to an air supply port 3, the inlet of the suction device is connected to an exhaust port 2, and the suction device is connected to an air purifier for disinfecting and sterilizing the extracted air.

[0049] The suction device can be an exhaust fan, which serves as a power device for extracting the air in the ward body 1 to the outside. An air disinfection purifier can be set at its air outlet or air inlet to disinfect the extracted air and reduce the pollution of the surrounding environment caused by the air discharged from the ward body 1 to the outside; the air purification device can be an air conditioner with temperature and humidity control, which is used to input fresh air into the ward body 1, and can adjust the temperature and humidity of the fresh air to ensure the air quality in the ward body 1.

[0050] A method for supplying air comprises the following steps:

[0051] S001. Adjust the air supply volume of the air purification device and the exhaust volume of the suction device so that there is a difference between the air supply volume and the exhaust volume, so that the interior of the ward body 1 is in a slightly negative pressure state;

[0052] S002. Then adjust the air supply volume of the air purification equipment and the exhaust volume of the suction equipment to make the air supply volume equal to the exhaust volume, so as to keep the slight negative pressure state formed in the ward body 1 constant.

[0053] The air supply volume and exhaust volume in S002 are set according to the number of patients admitted to the ward body 1;

[0054] The specific setting value is that the fresh air volume per capita is not less than 40m 3 / h, and the total air supply volume can ensure the ventilation frequency requirement of 6-12 times per hour.

[0055] The slightly negative pressure state value in S001 is -14Pa to -16Pa.

[0056] The air temperature introduced into the air purification device is 20° C.-26° C., and the humidity is 30%-70%.

[0057] By adjusting the exhaust volume of the suction device and the air supply volume of the air purification device so that the exhaust volume is greater than the air supply volume, the air pressure in the ward body 1 can be in a negative pressure state compared to the atmospheric environment, and the air pressure value is preferably -15Pa, and then the exhaust volume of the suction device and the air supply volume of the air purification device are adjusted so that the exhaust volume is equal to the air supply volume, so that the air pressure value in the ward body 1 is maintained at -15Pa;

[0058] Furthermore, by adjusting the temperature and humidity of the air introduced by the air purification device, the air in the ward body 1 is maintained at a temperature of 20℃-26℃ and a humidity of 30%-70%. Under this condition, the air intake is adjusted according to the number of patients in the ward. The specific setting value is that the per capita fresh air volume is not less than 40m 3 / h, and the total air supply volume can ensure the ventilation frequency requirement of 6-12 times per hour to maintain the air quality in the ward body 1.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gradually shrinking isolation ward, comprising a ward body, characterized in that: An exhaust port and an air supply port are respectively provided on the walls at both ends of the length direction of the ward body, and the widths of the walls at both ends of the length direction of the ward body are different, and the air supply port is provided on the wider side wall, and the exhaust port is provided on the narrower side wall; The inner space of the ward body is divided transversely at the midpoint of the length direction to form a bed placement area on the exhaust port side and a personnel activity area on the air supply port side; Both side walls of the ward body along the length direction are arc structures; The connecting line between the air outlet and the air inlet is perpendicular to the side walls at both ends in the length direction; The midline from the head to the foot of the bed placed in the bed placement area and the line between the air exhaust port and the air inlet are located on the same longitudinal plane, and the head of the bed faces the air exhaust port.

2. The shrinking isolation ward according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the air outlet relative to the ground is smaller than the height of the air supply outlet relative to the ground.

3. An air supply system for a tapered isolation ward according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air purification device and a suction device, wherein the outlet of the air purification device is connected with the air supply port, the inlet of the suction device is connected with the air exhaust port, and the suction device is connected with an air purifier for disinfecting and sterilizing the extracted air.

4. An air supply method of the air supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps include: S001. Adjust the air supply volume of the air purification equipment and the exhaust volume of the suction equipment to make a difference between the air supply volume and the exhaust volume, so that the interior of the ward is in a slightly negative pressure state; S002. Then adjust the air supply volume of the air purification equipment and the exhaust volume of the suction equipment to make the air supply volume equal to the exhaust volume to keep the slight negative pressure state formed in the ward constant.

5. The air supply method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air supply volume and exhaust volume in S002 are set according to the number of patients admitted to the ward; The specific setting value is that the fresh air volume per capita is not less than 40m 3 / h, and the total air supply volume can ensure the ventilation frequency requirement of 6-12 times per hour.

6. The air supply method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slightly negative pressure state value in S001 is -14Pa to -16Pa.

7. The air supply method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The air temperature introduced into the air purification device is 20° C.-26° C., and the humidity is 30%-70%.

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