Construction method of hard riverbed cap

Abstract

The invention provides a method for constructing a hard riverbed cap, which comprises the following steps: construction preparation; rock layer block division, using a mountain saw to divide the rock surface to be broken into several rock blocks; creating a height difference, the lower part of the rock block cut by the mountain saw is still connected to the rock layer, using a horizontal automatic water-grinding drill to drill holes downward along the cutting seam in the circumference of a rock block, and inserting a splitting device into the drill hole after the circumferential drilling of the rock surface is completed, so that the splitting device breaks the current rock block to the bottom height of the cutting seam, so that the current rock block forms a height difference with the surrounding rock layers; splitting the rock layer, after the height difference is formed, using a horizontal automatic water-grinding drill to drill holes horizontally from the low rock surface to the high rock layer, with a part of the drill holes overlapping to form a hole row, the two ends of the hole row are respectively drilled to the cutting seam, and then the splitting device is inserted into the hole row drilled by the horizontal automatic water-grinding drill, so that the splitting device breaks the high rock layer; slag is discharged from the rock layer, and the cap is cast.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bridge construction, and in particular to a method for constructing a hard riverbed cap. Background Art

[0002] Urban bridges, as an indispensable lifeline project for urban operation, play a vital role in the urban transportation system. It not only greatly facilitates the daily travel of citizens, allowing the flow of people and logistics within the city to operate efficiently, but also becomes an important engine to promote the prosperity and development of the city's economy. Through careful planning and construction, urban bridges can effectively alleviate the increasingly serious traffic pressure and significantly improve the travel efficiency of citizens, thus contributing solid strength to the progress of social civilization. At the same time, with the development of the times and the improvement of people's aesthetic level, the pursuit of aesthetics in modern bridge construction has become increasingly prominent. Bridges with unique designs and beautiful shapes not only add beautiful scenery to the city, but also become works of art that attract people to stop and watch. These bridges, with their unique charm, enrich the cultural connotation of the city, enhance the overall image of the city, and become an important manifestation of the progress of urban civilization.

[0003] At present, many cities in China have formed mature road planning. In order to connect the two sides of the river, it is sometimes necessary to build bridges in locations with poor geological conditions. For example, the Qingshi Road Fujiang Bridge in Mianyang City needs to be built in locations with hard rock texture. Figures 2~4 As shown in the figure, when the bottom of the foundation pit is weathered sandstone, the characteristic bearing capacity of weathered sandstone is 1500Kpa, and the depth of the foundation pile is fixed. Therefore, if you want to build a cap, you need to continue digging down on the hard rock layer until a part of the pile foundation is exposed before pouring the cap. The main problem faced in building a bridge in a location with hard rock is that the narrow space inside the purlin during the construction of the cap makes it impossible for a large blasting machine to effectively break the construction surface of the cap. The use of a small blasting machine will lead to low work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a hard riverbed foundation to solve the problem of low efficiency in constructing a foundation in a location with hard rock strata.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a hard riverbed cap, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Construction preparation. Construction preparation includes preparatory preparation and equipment preparation. Preparatory preparation includes: building pile foundation, setting perimeter purlins, excavating foundation pit to hard rock layer and cleaning silt on top of rock layer. Equipment preparation includes: horizontal automatic water-grinding drill, mountain saw and splitting device;

[0007] S2. Rock layer division: Use a rock saw to cut the rock surface to be broken down in the horizontal and vertical directions, and divide the rock surface into several rock blocks along the cutting line;

[0008] S3, creating a height difference. The lower part of the rock block cut by the mountain saw is still connected to the rock layer. A horizontal automatic water-grinding drill is used to drill holes downward along the cutting seam in the circumference of a rock block. The holes are partially overlapped. After the circumferential drilling of the rock surface is completed, a splitting device is inserted into the drill hole, so that the splitting device splits the current rock block to the bottom height of the cutting seam, so that the current rock block forms a height difference with the surrounding rock layers;

[0009] S4, splitting the rock layer to form a height difference, using a horizontal automatic water-grinding drill to drill holes horizontally from the low rock surface to the high rock layer, with some of the holes overlapping each other to form a hole row, and drilling the two ends of the hole row to the cutting seam, and then using a splitting device to insert into the hole row drilled by the horizontal automatic water-grinding drill, so that the splitting device breaks the high rock layer;

[0010] S5, remove the slag from the rock layer and cast the cap. The broken rock blocks are hoisted out of the foundation pit to expose the pile foundation. The concrete on the pile foundation is broken down to the steel bars. The steel cage is installed, the formwork is supported, the anchor bolts are installed, and concrete is poured in the formwork to form the concrete cap.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the equipment preparation in step S1 also includes: a water pump, at least two water pumps, at least one water pump is used to pump water from the outside to cool the horizontal automatic water drill, cutting machine and guide drill, and at least one water pump pumps the cooled water to the outside.

[0012] In the preferred solution, the equipment preparation in step S1 also includes: a blasting machine. In step S3, after the splitting device is driven into the rock blocks to separate them from the rock formations, the rock blocks are too large to be directly hoisted out of the foundation pit, and a blasting machine is needed to crush the separated rock blocks.

[0013] In a preferred solution, after each implementation of steps S3 to S4, the broken rock blocks need to be broken up and hoisted out of the foundation pit, and steps S3 to S4 are repeated several times so that the rock layer height reaches the required height.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the horizontal automatic water-grinding drill comprises: a frame, a walking part, a first ratchet rod, a second ratchet rod, a water-grinding part, a horizontal sensor and a control part; there are a number of walking parts, the walking part is arranged on the frame, and the height of the walking part is adjustable; the first ratchet rod is arranged on the frame, the second ratchet rod is arranged on the first ratchet rod, the water-grinding part is arranged at the end of the second ratchet rod, the number of horizontal sensors is greater than two, the horizontal sensors are arranged on the water-grinding part, at least one sensor is perpendicular to the working direction of the water-grinding part, and at least one sensor is parallel to the working direction of the water-grinding part; the control part is arranged on the frame, and the control part is electrically connected to the walking part, the first ratchet rod, the second ratchet rod, the water-grinding part, and the horizontal sensor respectively.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the walking part includes: a telescopic part, a cylinder, a wheel and a first driving part; the telescopic part is arranged at the lower part of the frame, the cylinder is arranged above the frame, the output end of the cylinder passes through the frame and is transmission-connected to the top of the telescopic part, the wheel is rotatably arranged on one side of the bottom of the telescopic part, the first driving part is arranged on the other side of the bottom of the telescopic part, and the output end of the first driving part passes through the telescopic part and is transmission-connected to the wheel.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a mounting portion is provided on the frame, and the mounting portion includes a base, a rotating head and a second driving portion; the base is arranged on the frame, the rotating head is rotatably connected to the base, the second driving portion is arranged on one side of the base, and the output end of the second driving portion is transmission-connected to the rotating head.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a first through hole is provided at one end of the rotating head, a first gear and a third driving unit are provided inside the first through hole, the third driving unit is arranged inside the rotating head, the output end of the third driving unit is connected with the first gear, the first ratchet rod matches the first through hole, and the first ratchet rod is movably arranged on the rotating head through the first through hole; the first ratchet rod has a first ratchet tooth in the length direction, the first ratchet tooth matches the first gear, and the first ratchet rod can move inside the first through hole through the transmission between the first ratchet tooth and the first gear; the end of the first ratchet rod has a second through hole, a second gear and a fourth driving unit are provided inside the second through hole, the fourth driving unit is arranged inside the first ratchet rod, the output end of the fourth driving unit is connected with the second gear, the second ratchet rod matches the second through hole, and the second ratchet rod is movably arranged on the first ratchet rod through the second through hole; the second ratchet rod has a second ratchet tooth in the length direction, the second ratchet tooth matches the second gear, and the second ratchet rod can move inside the second through hole through the transmission between the second ratchet tooth and the second gear.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the water grinding part includes: a fifth driving part, a mounting plate and a drill bit; the mounting plate is provided with one end of the second ratchet rod, the fifth driving part is provided on one side of the mounting plate, the drill bit is provided on the other side of the mounting plate, the output end of the fifth driving part passes through the mounting plate and is transmission-connected with the drill bit, one side of the mounting plate is provided with a T-plate, the T-plate has two mutually perpendicular surfaces, the first horizontal sensor is provided on the T-plate, and the direction is the same as the working direction of the drill bit, and the second horizontal sensor is provided on the T-plate, and the direction is perpendicular to the working direction of the drill bit; the mounting plate is also provided with a third through hole, and a third gear and a sixth driving part are provided inside the third through hole, the sixth driving part is provided inside the mounting plate, the output end of the sixth driving part is transmission-connected with the third gear, the third gear matches the second ratchet, the second ratchet rod matches the third through hole, and the mounting plate can realize the movement of the water grinding part on the second ratchet rod through the cooperation of the third through hole and the second ratchet rod.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, it also includes: an energy storage unit, which is arranged on the frame and is electrically connected to the control unit, the first drive unit, the second drive unit, the third drive unit, the fourth drive unit, the fifth drive unit, the sixth zone, the first level sensor and the second level sensor respectively.

[0020] Compared with the conventional construction method of hard riverbed cap, the main beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a method for breaking and constructing a hard riverbed cap, which uses an artificial method to split the hard riverbed layer by layer when a large blasting machine cannot be used in the face of a hard riverbed, and the split rocks are processed in blocks by a small blasting machine that can work inside the foundation pit, and finally the small rocks are transferred out of the foundation pit by a bucket. Compared with using a small blasting machine to work alone, the present application has improved work efficiency.

[0021] The use of a horizontal automatic water-grinding drill makes drilling on the rock surface simple. Ordinary fixed water-grinding drills need to clean the upper surface of the rock layer and make it horizontal before the bracket of the fixed water-grinding drill can be built. In this process, leveling the rock surface is still a time-consuming and labor-intensive task. The horizontal automatic water-grinding drill can adjust the height of the walking part so that the water-grinding part can always be vertical / parallel to the horizontal plane, thus saving the steps of building a fixed water-grinding drill and further increasing construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a main structural diagram of the construction process of the hard riverbed cap of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the foundation pit of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the purlin of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the foundation pit after the surrounding purlin is installed in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the horizontal automatic water-grinding drill in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged view of the horizontal automatic water grinding drill in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the frame with a walking part of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first ratchet rod of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the second ratchet rod of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 is a partial enlarged view of the second spindle B of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the water mill part of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 It is a side view of the horizontal automatic water grinding drill of the present invention (in the longitudinal drilling state);

[0035] Fig.13 It is a side view of the horizontal automatic water grinding drill of the present invention (horizontal drilling state);

[0036] Fig.14 It is a top view of the horizontal automatic water grinding drill in the present invention (in the longitudinal drilling state);

[0037] Fig.15 It is a front view of the horizontal automatic water grinding drill of the present invention (horizontal drilling state);

[0038] In the figure: rock layer 1, foundation pit 2, pile foundation 3, surrounding purlin 4, horizontal automatic water-grinding drill 5, frame 51, mounting part 511, base 5111, rotating head 5112, first through hole 51121, second driving part 5113, walking part 52, telescopic part 521, cylinder 522, wheel 523, first driving part 524, first ratchet rod 53, first thorn 531, second through hole 532, second ratchet rod 54, second thorn 541, water-grinding part 55, fifth driving part 551, mounting plate 552, T-plate 5521, third through hole 5522, drill bit 553, level sensor 56, first level sensor 561, second level sensor 562, control part 57, energy storage part 58, drilling hole 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, the method for constructing the hard riverbed cap comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1. Construction preparation. Construction preparation includes preparatory preparation and equipment preparation. Preparatory preparation includes: building pile foundation 3, setting perimeter purlin 4, excavating foundation pit 2 to hard rock layer 1 and cleaning silt on top of rock layer 1. Equipment preparation includes: horizontal automatic water-grinding drill 5, mountain saw and splitting device;

[0041] S2, dividing the rock layer 1 into blocks, using a mountain saw to cut the rock surface to be broken downward in the horizontal and vertical directions, and dividing the rock surface into several rock blocks along the cutting line;

[0042] S3, creating a height difference. The lower part of the rock block cut by the mountain saw is still connected to the rock layer 1. A horizontal automatic water-grinding drill 5 is used to drill a hole 6 downward along the cutting seam in the circumference of a rock block. The holes 6 partially overlap each other. After the circumferential drilling of the rock surface is completed, a splitting device is inserted into the hole 6, so that the splitting device splits the current rock block to the bottom height of the cutting seam, so that the current rock block forms a height difference with the surrounding rock layer 1;

[0043] S4, splitting the rock layer 1, after forming a height difference, using the horizontal automatic water-grinding drill 5 to drill holes 6 horizontally from the low rock surface to the high rock layer 1, the drill holes 6 partially overlap with each other to form a hole row, the two ends of the hole row are respectively drilled to the cutting seam, and then the splitting device is inserted into the hole row drilled by the horizontal automatic water-grinding drill 5, so that the splitting device breaks the high rock layer 1;

[0044] S5, slag removal from rock layer 1, pouring cap, hoisting the crushed rock blocks out of foundation pit 2, exposing pile foundation 3, breaking concrete on pile foundation 3 to the steel bars, installing steel cage, supporting formwork, installing anchor bolts, and pouring concrete in the formwork to form a concrete cap.

[0045] Among them, the cracking device is mainly inserted into the borehole 6, expanding around to crack the rock layer 1, and a wedge can be used, and then the wedge is hit. Since the wedge is designed with a thin front end and a thick rear end, the thick part will crack the rock layer 1 in the process of not hitting the borehole 6. A splitting rod can also be used, and the splitting rod is directly inserted into the borehole 6 to split the rock layer 1. Other related methods can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, and this application will not be repeated here.

[0046] In this embodiment, the method uses a manual method to split the hard riverbed layer by layer when a large blasting machine cannot be used in the face of a hard riverbed. The split rocks are processed in blocks by a small blasting machine that can work inside the foundation pit 2, and finally the small rocks are transferred out of the foundation pit 2 by the bucket. Compared with using a small blasting machine to work alone, the present application has improved work efficiency.

[0047] The use of the horizontal automatic water-grinding drill 5 makes it easy to drill a hole 6 on the surface of the rock layer 1. The ordinary fixed water-grinding drill needs to clean the upper surface of the rock layer 1 and make the upper surface of the rock layer 1 horizontal before the bracket of the fixed water-grinding drill can be built. In this process, leveling the rock surface is still a time-consuming and labor-intensive task. The horizontal automatic water-grinding drill 5 can adjust the height of the walking part 52 so that the water-grinding part 55 can always be vertical / parallel to the horizontal plane, thus saving the steps of building a fixed water-grinding drill, further increasing the construction efficiency.

[0048] In this embodiment, the comparison of the breaking efficiency of the combination of small gun machine and manual machinery is shown in the following table:

[0049]

[0050] Depend on Figure 3~4 It can be seen that the cylindrical steel structure in the middle of the purlin 44 in the figure divides the space inside the foundation pit 22 into several areas, and the distance between each area is very small. Large-scale artillery that can break hard rocks cannot reach the divided space. Small-scale artillery is not efficient in breaking hard rocks due to insufficient power.

[0051] In one specific embodiment, the equipment preparation in step S1 also includes: a water pump, at least two water pumps, at least one water pump is used to pump water from the outside to cool the horizontal automatic water drill 5, the cutting machine and the guide drill, and at least one water pump pumps the cooled water to the outside.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the equipment preparation in step S1 also includes: a blasting machine. In step S3, after the splitting device is driven into the rock block to separate it from the rock layer 1, the rock block is large as a whole and cannot be directly lifted out of the foundation pit 2. A blasting machine is needed to crush the separated rock block.

[0053] In one specific embodiment, after each implementation of steps S3 to S4, the broken rock blocks need to be broken up and hoisted out of the foundation pit 2, and steps S3 to S4 are repeated several times so that the height of the rock layer 1 reaches the required height.

[0054] In one specific embodiment, the horizontal automatic water grinding drill 5 includes: a frame 51, a walking part 52, a first ratchet rod 53, a second ratchet rod 54, a water grinding part 55, a horizontal sensor 56 and a control part 57; the number of the walking parts 52 is several, the walking part 52 is arranged on the frame 51, and the height of the walking part 52 is adjustable; the first ratchet rod 53 is arranged on the frame 51, the second ratchet rod 54 is arranged on the first ratchet rod 53, the water grinding part 55 is arranged at the end of the second ratchet rod 54, the number of the horizontal sensors 56 is greater than two, the horizontal sensors 56 are arranged on the water grinding part 55, at least one sensor is perpendicular to the working direction of the water grinding part 55, and at least one sensor is parallel to the working direction of the water grinding part 55; the control part 57 is arranged on the frame 51, and the control part 57 is electrically connected to the walking part 52, the first ratchet rod 53, the second ratchet rod 54, the water grinding part 55, and the horizontal sensor 56 respectively.

[0055] In this embodiment, the frame 51 is a rectangular structure, and the number of the walking parts 52 is four. The four walking parts 52 are evenly arranged on the frame 51, and the positions are close to the four corners of the frame 51. The walking parts 52 can move in the horizontal and vertical directions by themselves through the program control of the control unit 57. Whenever the horizontal automatic water grinding drill 5 moves to a new position, the height of each walking part 52 will be adjusted according to the data of the horizontal sensor 56 until the horizontal sensor 56 is leveled. In this way, the direction of the drill hole 6 can be ensured to be consistent, which is convenient for subsequent splitting and breaking. The first ratchet rod 53 and the second ratchet rod 54 can help the water grinding part 55 to work by adjusting their positions.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, the walking part 52 includes: a telescopic part 521, a cylinder 522, a wheel 523 and a first driving part 524; the telescopic part 521 is arranged at the lower part of the frame 51, the cylinder 522 is arranged above the frame 51, the output end of the cylinder 522 passes through the frame 51 and is connected to the top of the telescopic part 521 by transmission, the wheel 523 is rotatably arranged on one side of the bottom of the telescopic part 521, the first driving part 524 is arranged on the other side of the bottom of the telescopic part 521, and the output end of the first driving part 524 passes through the telescopic part 521 and is connected to the wheel 523 by transmission. In this design, the telescopic part 521 can adopt a similar rod that can realize the telescopic function, such as a gas rod, and the user can decide according to his actual use conditions, and this application does not make too many restrictions. It is worth noting that the device for controlling the telescopic here is the cylinder 522, but other telescopic devices that can be imagined by those skilled in the art are within the scope of protection of this application. The first driving part 524 is preferably a motor.

[0057] In one specific embodiment, the frame 51 has a mounting portion 511, and the mounting portion 511 includes a base 5111, a rotating head 5112, and a second driving portion 5113; the base 5111 is disposed on the frame 51, the rotating head 5112 is rotatably connected to the base 5111, the second driving portion 5113 is disposed on one side of the base 5111, and the output end of the second driving portion 5113 is transmission-connected to the rotating head 5112. The mounting portion 511 is mainly used to allow the rotating head 5112 to rotate within a range of at least 90° with respect to the base 5111. Because drilling requires a borehole 6 perpendicular to the horizontal plane and a borehole 6 parallel to the horizontal plane, it is necessary to utilize the rotatable characteristic of the rotating head 5112.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, one end of the rotating head 5112 has a first through hole 51121, and a first gear and a third driving unit are provided inside the first through hole 51121. The third driving unit is arranged inside the rotating head 5112, and the output end of the third driving unit is connected to the first gear in transmission. The first ratchet rod 53 matches the first through hole 51121, and the first ratchet rod 53 is movably arranged on the rotating head 5112 through the first through hole 51121; the first ratchet rod 53 has a first ratchet tooth 531 in the length direction, and the first ratchet tooth 531 matches the first gear. The first ratchet rod 53 can be realized in the first through the transmission between the first ratchet tooth 531 and the first gear. Movement inside the through hole 51121; the end of the first ratchet rod 53 has a second through hole 532, and the second through hole 532 has a second gear and a fourth driving part, the fourth driving part is arranged inside the first ratchet rod 53, the output end of the fourth driving part is connected to the second gear transmission, the second ratchet rod 54 matches the second through hole 532, and the second ratchet rod 54 is movably arranged on the first ratchet rod 53 through the second through hole 532; the second ratchet rod 54 has a second ratchet tooth 541 in the length direction, the second ratchet tooth 541 matches the second gear, and the second ratchet rod 54 can realize the movement inside the second through hole 532 through the transmission between the second ratchet tooth 541 and the second gear. In this design, the first ratchet rod 53 can move inside the first through hole 51121, and the second ratchet rod 54 can move inside the second through hole 532. In addition, the methods that can be thought of by those skilled in the art also belong to the protection scope.

[0059] In one specific embodiment, the water grinding part 55 includes: a fifth driving part 551, a mounting plate 552 and a drill bit 553; the mounting plate 552 is provided with one end of the second ratchet rod 54, the fifth driving part 551 is provided on one side of the mounting plate 552, the drill bit 553 is provided on the other side of the mounting plate 552, the output end of the fifth driving part 551 passes through the mounting plate 552 and is transmission-connected with the drill bit 553, one side of the mounting plate 552 has a T-shaped plate 5521, the T-shaped plate 5521 has two mutually perpendicular surfaces, the first horizontal sensor 561 is provided on the T-shaped plate 5521, the direction is the same as the working direction of the drill bit 553, and the second horizontal sensor 562 is provided on the T-shaped plate 5521, the direction is perpendicular to the working direction of the drill bit 553. In this design, the design of the fifth driving part 551 and the drill bit 553 belongs to the prior art, and this application will not elaborate on it. The two horizontal sensors 56 work when it is necessary to drill holes perpendicular to the ground / parallel to the ground respectively; the mounting plate 552 also has a third through hole 5522, and a third gear and a sixth driving unit are provided inside the third through hole 5522. The sixth driving unit is arranged inside the mounting plate 552, and the output end of the sixth driving unit is connected to the third gear transmission, the third gear matches the second ratchet 541, and the second ratchet rod 54 matches the third through hole 5522. The mounting plate 552 can realize the movement of the water grinding part 55 on the second ratchet rod 54 through the cooperation of the third through hole 5522 and the second ratchet rod 54.

[0060] In one specific embodiment, it also includes: an energy storage unit 58, which is arranged on the frame 51, and the energy storage unit 58 is electrically connected to the control unit 57, the first drive unit 524, the second drive unit 5113, the third drive unit, the fourth drive unit, the fifth drive unit 551, the sixth drive unit, the first level sensor 561 and the second level sensor 562 respectively.

[0061] Working method of horizontal automatic water grinding drill 5: by setting the program in advance in the control unit 57, first the horizontal automatic water grinding drill 5 will move to the starting position where the hole needs to be drilled, and when drilling longitudinally, the length direction of the rotating head 5112 is perpendicular to the frame 51. The control unit 57 uses the data of the first horizontal sensor 561 to adjust the walking unit 52 until the first horizontal sensor 561 is in a horizontal position, the second ratchet rod 54 moves downward, and drives the drill bit 553 to drill 6. When a hole 6 is drilled, the first ratchet rod 53 moves forward and backward to adjust to the next hole 6 position for drilling. When drilling horizontally is required, the rotating head 5112 needs to be rotated 90° so that the length direction of the rotating head 5112 is parallel to the direction of the frame 51. The control unit 57 uses the data of the second horizontal sensor 562 to adjust the walking unit 52 until the second horizontal sensor 562 is in a horizontal position, the second ratchet rod 54 moves horizontally, and drives the drill bit 553 to drill 6. After drilling 6, the walking unit 52 moves horizontally as a whole to continue drilling.

[0062] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a hard riverbed cap, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Construction preparation. Construction preparation includes preparatory preparation and equipment preparation. Preparatory preparation includes: building pile foundation (3), setting perimeter purlin (4), excavating foundation pit (2) to hard rock layer (1) and cleaning silt on the upper part of rock layer (1). Equipment preparation includes: horizontal automatic water-grinding drill (5), mountain saw and splitting device; S2. Divide the rock layer (1) into blocks, using a rock saw to cut the rock surface to be broken down in the horizontal and vertical directions, and divide the rock surface into several blocks along the cutting line; S3, creating a height difference, the lower part of the rock block after being cut by the mountain saw is still connected to the rock layer (1), a horizontal automatic water-grinding drill (5) is used to drill a hole (6) downward along the cutting seam in the circumference of a rock block, and the holes (6) and the holes (6) are partially overlapped. After the circumferential drilling of the rock surface is completed, a splitting device is inserted into the hole (6), so that the splitting device splits the current rock block to the bottom height of the cutting seam, so that the current rock block forms a height difference with the surrounding rock layer (1); S4, splitting the rock layer (1), after forming a height difference, using a horizontal automatic water-grinding drill (5) to drill holes (6) horizontally from the lower rock surface to the higher rock layer (1), with the holes (6) partially overlapping with each other to form a hole row, and drilling the two ends of the hole row to the cutting seam, and then using a splitting device to insert into the hole row drilled by the horizontal automatic water-grinding drill (5), so that the splitting device breaks the higher rock layer (1); S5, the rock layer (1) is deslagging, and the cap is cast. The crushed rock blocks are hoisted out of the foundation pit (2) to expose the pile foundation (3), and the concrete on the pile foundation (3) is broken to the steel bars. The steel cage is installed, the formwork is supported, the anchor bolts are installed, and concrete is poured in the formwork to form the concrete cap.

2. The method for constructing a hard riverbed cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment preparation in step S1 also includes: a water pump, at least two water pumps, at least one water pump is used to pump water from the outside to cool the horizontal automatic water grinding drill (5), the cutting machine and the pilot drill, and at least one water pump pumps the cooled water to the outside.

3. The method for constructing a hard riverbed cap according to claim 2, characterized in that: The equipment preparation in step S1 also includes: a blasting machine. In step S3, after the splitting device is driven in to separate the rock blocks from the rock layer (1), the rock blocks are large as a whole and cannot be directly hoisted out of the foundation pit (2). A blasting machine is needed to break up the separated rock blocks.

4. The method for constructing a hard riverbed cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: After each implementation of steps S3 to S4, the broken rock blocks need to be broken up and hoisted out of the foundation pit (2). Steps S3 to S4 are repeated several times so that the height of the rock layer (1) reaches the required height.

5. The method for constructing a hard riverbed cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal automatic water-grinding drill (5) comprises: a frame (51), a walking part (52), a first ratchet rod (53), a second ratchet rod (54), a water-grinding part (55), a horizontal sensor (56) and a control part (57); There are a number of walking parts (52), the walking parts (52) are arranged on the frame (51), and the height of the walking parts (52) is adjustable; The first ratchet rod (53) is arranged on the frame (51), the second ratchet rod (54) is arranged on the first ratchet rod (53), the water grinding part (55) is arranged at the end of the second ratchet rod (54), the number of the horizontal sensors (56) is greater than two, the horizontal sensors (56) are arranged on the water grinding part (55), at least one horizontal sensor (56) is perpendicular to the working direction of the water grinding part (55), and at least one horizontal sensor (56) is parallel to the working direction of the water grinding part (55); The control part (57) is arranged on the frame (51), and the control part (57) is electrically connected to the walking part (52), the first ratchet rod (53), the second ratchet rod (54), the water grinding part (55), and the level sensor (56) respectively.

6. The method for constructing a hard riverbed cap according to claim 5, characterized in that: The walking part (52) comprises: a telescopic part (521), a cylinder (522), wheels (523) and a first driving part (524); The telescopic portion (521) is arranged at the bottom of the frame (51), the cylinder (522) is arranged above the frame (51), the output end of the cylinder (522) passes through the frame (51) and is transmission-connected to the top of the telescopic portion (521), the wheel (523) is rotatably arranged at one side of the bottom of the telescopic portion (521), the first driving portion (524) is arranged at the other side of the bottom of the telescopic portion (521), and the output end of the first driving portion (524) passes through the telescopic portion (521) and is transmission-connected to the wheel (523).

7. The method for constructing a hard riverbed cap according to claim 6, characterized in that: The frame (51) is provided with a mounting portion (511), and the mounting portion (511) comprises a base (5111), a rotating head (5112), and a second driving portion (5113); The base (5111) is arranged on the frame (51), the rotating head (5112) is rotatably connected to the base (5111), the second driving part (5113) is arranged on one side of the base (5111), and the output end of the second driving part (5113) is drivingly connected to the rotating head (5112).

8. The method for constructing a hard riverbed cap according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the rotating head (5112) is provided with a first through hole (51121), and a first gear and a third driving unit are provided inside the first through hole (51121); the third driving unit is arranged inside the rotating head (5112); an output end of the third driving unit is drivingly connected to the first gear; the first ratchet rod (53) matches the first through hole (51121); and the first ratchet rod (53) is movably arranged on the rotating head (5112) through the first through hole (51121); The first ratchet rod (53) has a first ratchet tooth (531) in the length direction, the first ratchet tooth (531) matches the first gear, and the first ratchet rod (53) can move inside the first through hole (51121) through the transmission between the first ratchet tooth (531) and the first gear; The end of the first ratchet rod (53) has a second through hole (532), and the interior of the second through hole (532) has a second gear and a fourth driving unit, the fourth driving unit is arranged inside the first ratchet rod (53), the output end of the fourth driving unit is drivingly connected to the second gear, the second ratchet rod (54) matches the second through hole (532), and the second ratchet rod (54) is movably arranged on the first ratchet rod (53) through the second through hole (532); The second ratchet rod (54) has a second ratchet tooth (541) in the length direction, and the second ratchet tooth (541) matches the second gear. The second ratchet rod (54) can move inside the second through hole (532) through the transmission between the second ratchet tooth (541) and the second gear.

9. The method for constructing a hard riverbed cap according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water grinding part (55) comprises: a fifth driving part (551), a mounting plate (552) and a drill bit (553); The mounting plate (552) is provided with one end of the second ratchet rod (54), the fifth driving portion (551) is provided on one side of the mounting plate (552), the drill bit (553) is provided on the other side of the mounting plate (552), the output end of the fifth driving portion (551) passes through the mounting plate (552) and is transmission-connected with the drill bit (553), one side of the mounting plate (552) is provided with a T-shaped plate (5521), the T-shaped plate (5521) has two mutually perpendicular surfaces, the first horizontal sensor (561) is provided on the T-shaped plate (5521), the direction of which is the same as the working direction of the drill bit (553), and the second horizontal sensor (562) is provided on the T-shaped plate (5521), the direction of which is perpendicular to the working direction of the drill bit (553); The mounting plate (552) further comprises a third through hole (5522), a third gear and a sixth driving part are provided inside the third through hole (5522), the sixth driving part is arranged inside the mounting plate (552), an output end of the sixth driving part is drivingly connected to the third gear, the third gear matches the second ratchet (541), the second ratchet rod (54) matches the third through hole (5522), and the mounting plate (552) can realize the movement of the water grinding part (55) on the second ratchet rod (54) through the cooperation between the third through hole (5522) and the second ratchet rod (54).

10. The method for constructing a hard riverbed cap according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: An energy storage unit (58), the energy storage unit (58) being arranged on the frame (51), and the energy storage unit (58) being electrically connected to the control unit (57), the first drive unit (524), the second drive unit (5113), the third drive unit, the fourth drive unit, the fifth drive unit (551), the sixth drive unit, the first level sensor (561), and the second level sensor (562), respectively.

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