A kind of support safety protection equipment for underground mining

Abstract

The present invention discloses a supporting safety protection equipment for underground mining in the field of underground support technology, comprising a supporting rod fixedly connected to a tunnel body, a first hydraulic system for adjusting the length of the supporting rod being arranged in the supporting rod; first hydraulic rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the supporting rod, a second hydraulic system for adjusting the first hydraulic rod is arranged in the first hydraulic rod, the first hydraulic system is connected to the second hydraulic system, and a one-way valve is arranged between the first hydraulic system and the second hydraulic system; and the supporting rod is located outside the tunnel body, the first hydraulic rod is located inside the tunnel body, and the output end of the first hydraulic rod is against the tunnel body wall; an auxiliary rod is arranged between adjacent supporting rods, a pressurizing chamber is connected in the auxiliary rod, the pressurizing chamber is connected to the first hydraulic system, and the hydraulic oil pressure in the pressurizing chamber is consistent with the normal pressure of the first hydraulic system; so that the supporting strength of the supporting structure can be adjusted according to the surrounding geological changes to ensure the structural stability of the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground support devices, in particular to a support safety protection device for underground mining. Background Art

[0002] In the production of metal or non-metallic mines, underground tunnel support technology is directly related to the life safety of miners and the efficient mining of mines. Due to the influence of external factors such as surrounding geological conditions, it is necessary to flexibly adopt steel frame support technology, hydraulic support technology and anchor support technology to support the tunnel according to the influence of external factors.

[0003] At the same time, during the mining process of metal or non-metallic minerals, due to the formation of surrounding goafs and the influence of other external construction factors (such as blasting), the inner wall of the tunnel is prone to loosening, shaking, and collapse, which makes the original support in the tunnel often unable to be adaptively adjusted, causing the support and the inner wall of the tunnel to loosen and misalign, resulting in the support being unable to play a fixing role, and increasing the risk of tunnel collapse. Therefore, a support safety protection equipment is needed that can adjust the support in real time according to surrounding geological changes. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a support safety protection device for underground mining, which can adjust the support strength of the support structure according to the surrounding geological changes and ensure the structural stability of the tunnel.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A support safety protection device for underground mining, comprising a support rod fixedly connected to a tunnel body, wherein a first hydraulic system for adjusting the length of the support rod is provided in the support rod;

[0007] The first hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to both sides of the support rod, and a second hydraulic system for adjusting the first hydraulic rod is arranged inside the first hydraulic rod, the first hydraulic system is communicated with the second hydraulic system, and a one-way valve is arranged between the first hydraulic system and the second hydraulic system; the support rod is located outside the tunnel body, the first hydraulic rod is located inside the tunnel body, and the output end of the first hydraulic rod is against the tunnel body wall;

[0008] An auxiliary rod is provided between adjacent support rods. A pressurizing chamber is connected in the auxiliary rod. The pressurizing chamber is connected to the first hydraulic system, and the hydraulic oil pressure in the pressurizing chamber is consistent with the normal pressure of the first hydraulic system.

[0009] The above scheme achieves the following beneficial effects: when the support rod is squeezed by external force, the pressure of the first hydraulic system increases, and the hydraulic oil of the first hydraulic system flows to the second hydraulic system through the restriction of the one-way valve to adjust the support length of the first hydraulic rod, so that the support of the first hydraulic rod is more stable, so as to improve the stability of the tunnel body support. Compared with the existing hydraulic system support, it can be adjusted according to the changes in the outside world, so that the support of the tunnel body is more stable.

[0010] When the underground soil becomes hollow or collapses at the end of the support rod away from the tunnel body, a pressure difference occurs between the hydraulic oil pressure in the first hydraulic system and the pressure in the pressurizing chamber. The pressure of the first hydraulic system in the support rod is kept stable by replenishing the hydraulic oil in the pressurizing chamber. Compared with conventional supports that cannot autonomously adjust the support effect, the support rod is kept supporting the surrounding geology.

[0011] Furthermore, the support rods are arranged circumferentially with the tunnel body as the center, and the first hydraulic rod and the support rods are supported in a triangle.

[0012] Beneficial effect: The periphery of the tunnel body is consolidated by the support rods to improve the stability of the tunnel body. At the same time, the first hydraulic rod and the support rods form a triangular support to improve the stabilizing effect of the support rods, which is convenient for supporting the tunnel body.

[0013] Furthermore, the output end of the support rod is fixedly connected with a support block, and a buffer layer is fixedly connected inside the support block. The buffer layer includes a plurality of Z-shaped support sheets.

[0014] Beneficial effect: During normal support, a buffer layer is formed directly between the upper and lower surfaces of a number of Z-shaped support sheets and the soil to reduce instantaneous impact force.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the support sheet is rotatably matched with the support block, and a first spring is connected between the support sheet and the support block. A sliding channel is also provided on the support block, and a magnetic strip is fixedly connected to one side of the support rod close to the support block.

[0016] A clamping block is provided on one side of the sliding channel, and the clamping block is arranged vertically with the sliding channel, a second spring is provided between the clamping block and the support block, and an end of the clamping block away from the sliding channel is rotatably matched with a clamping block for fixing the support sheet;

[0017] When the support rod and the support block are against each other, the magnetic strip is located in the sliding channel, the clamping block moves to the nearest point under the magnetic force of the magnetic strip, and the clamping block does not contact the support sheet.

[0018] Beneficial effect: When the support block and the support rod are against each other, the two supporting points of the Z-shaped support plate are pushed out to contact the soil, thereby displacing the instantaneous impact force at the current time, so as to further improve the supporting effect of the support plate and protect the tunnel body.

[0019] Furthermore, a liquid storage cavity for storing mud is provided at the center of the support block, the liquid storage cavity is connected to a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is parallel to the sliding channel, and the clamping block is connected to the liquid outlet;

[0020] When the support rod and the support block are against each other, the magnetic strip is located in the sliding channel, the clamping block moves to the nearest point under the magnetic force of the magnetic strip, and the clamping block is located outside the liquid outlet.

[0021] Beneficial effect: Through the adsorption effect of the magnetic strip, the mud in the liquid storage chamber is discharged to improve the supporting strength around the tunnel, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the tunnel body.

[0022] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the auxiliary rod, the pressure sensor is located at the bottom of the tunnel body, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control panel;

[0023] The pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure data at the bottom of the tunnel in real time and send the pressure data to the control panel;

[0024] The first hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic pressure sensor, the hydraulic pressure sensor being used to measure real-time hydraulic data of the first hydraulic system and send the real-time hydraulic data to the control panel;

[0025] The control panel is used to compare the pressure data with the set standard weight data, and if the pressure data is greater than the standard weight data, a start instruction is sent to the hydraulic pressure sensor, and the control panel is used to compare the real-time hydraulic data with the set rated hydraulic data, and if the real-time hydraulic data is greater than the rated hydraulic data, a warning instruction is sent to the outside world, and if the real-time hydraulic data is less than the rated hydraulic data, a maintenance instruction is sent to the hydraulic pressure sensor;

[0026] If the pressure data is less than the standard data, a sleep command is sent to the hydraulic pressure sensor.

[0027] Beneficial effect: By detecting the hydraulic data when the workers pass by, the support strength of the tunnel body at the current time can be determined to determine whether there is a risk of collapse around the tunnel body, thereby providing maximum protection for the workers and reducing the probability of danger to the workers.

[0028] Furthermore, the control panel is also electrically connected to a warning light, which is located on the tunnel body, and the warning light is used to give a reminder based on the warning instruction.

[0029] Beneficial effect: The warning light can be used to remind the staff, making it easier for them to see.

[0030] Furthermore, it also includes a hydraulic pump, which is connected to the pressurizing chamber, and the outlet pipe of the hydraulic pump is connected to a plurality of solenoid valves, which are respectively located between the hydraulic pump and the first hydraulic system of the adjacent support rods;

[0031] The control panel is also used to calculate the phase difference between the real-time hydraulic data corresponding to adjacent support rods based on the real-time hydraulic data corresponding to adjacent support rods, and compare the phase difference with a set first comparison value. If the phase difference is less than the first comparison value, a recording instruction is sent to the control panel. If the phase difference is greater than the first comparison value, a first adjustment instruction is sent to the corresponding hydraulic pump and solenoid valve at the same time.

[0032] Beneficial effect: By comparing the real-time hydraulic data of adjacent support rods, it is determined whether there is a staggered force on the support force of the tunnel body, so as to balance the support strength of the support rods around the tunnel through hydraulic oil injection, thereby protecting the stability of the tunnel body.

[0033] Further, the control panel is also used to draw a fluctuation data graph based on the recording instruction, and mark the fluctuation data graph based on the first adjustment instruction;

[0034] The control panel is also used to obtain the number corresponding to the mark in the fluctuation data graph within the current interval time period, and compare the number with a set second comparison value. If the number is greater than the second comparison value, a warning instruction is sent to the outside world; if the number is less than the second comparison value, a verification pass instruction is sent to the control panel.

[0035] Beneficial effect: The pressure fluctuation changes in the current interval time period are used to determine whether the surrounding geological changes are stable, so as to remind the staff and protect their safety.

[0036] Furthermore, a triangular support is formed between the support rod and the auxiliary rod.

[0037] Beneficial effect: By forming a triangular support to improve the stability of the bracket support formed inside the tunnel body, the stability of the tunnel body is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is an axonometric diagram of the support safety protection equipment for underground mining according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 main view.

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection of the auxiliary rod.

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 1Schematic diagram of the connection of the support rod.

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the contact between the support rod and the support block.

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 4 An enlarged view of part B.

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 5 An enlarged view of part A. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0046] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: tunnel body 1, support rod 2, first hydraulic rod 21, magnetic strip 22, auxiliary rod 3, sliding block 31, support block 4, sliding channel 40, support sheet 41, liquid storage chamber 42, liquid outlet 421, card block 43, clamping block 431, pressure sensor 5.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figures 1 to 7 As shown: a support safety protection equipment for underground mining, including a support rod 2 bolted to a tunnel body 1, a first hydraulic system for adjusting the length of the support rod 2 is provided in the support rod 2, and the support rod 2 is circumferentially arranged with the tunnel body 1 as the center.

[0049] A first hydraulic rod 21 is welded on both sides of the support rod 2, and the first hydraulic rod 21 and the support rod 2 form a triangular support; a second hydraulic system for adjusting the first hydraulic rod 21 is provided in the first hydraulic rod 21, the first hydraulic system is connected to the second hydraulic system, and a one-way valve is provided between the first hydraulic system and the second hydraulic system; the support rod 2 is located outside the tunnel body 1, the first hydraulic rod 21 is located inside the tunnel body 1, and the output end of the first hydraulic rod 21 is against the wall of the tunnel body 1; an auxiliary rod 3 is provided between adjacent support rods 2, and a triangular support is formed between the support rod 2 and the auxiliary rod 3; a pressurizing chamber is connected in the auxiliary rod 3, the pressurizing chamber is connected to the first hydraulic system, and the hydraulic oil pressure in the pressurizing chamber is consistent with the normal pressure of the first hydraulic system.

[0050] A support block 4 is welded to the output end of the support rod 2, and a buffer layer is provided inside the support block 4, which includes a plurality of Z-shaped support sheets 41; one end of the support sheet 41 is rotatably matched with the support block 4, and a first spring is connected between the support sheet 41 and the support block 4, and a sliding channel 40 is also provided on the support block 4, and a magnetic attraction strip 22 is welded to the side of the support rod 2 close to the support block 4.

[0051] A clamping block 43 is provided on one side of the sliding channel 40, and the clamping block 43 is slidably matched with the supporting block 4, and the clamping block 43 and the sliding channel 40 are arranged vertically. A second spring is provided between the clamping block 43 and the supporting block 4, and the end of the clamping block 43 away from the sliding channel 40 is rotatably matched with a clamping block 431 for fixing the supporting sheet 41; a liquid storage chamber 42 for storing mud is provided at the center of the supporting block 4, and the liquid storage chamber 42 is connected to a liquid outlet 421, and the liquid outlet 421 is parallel to the sliding channel 40, and the clamping block 43 is connected to the liquid outlet 421.

[0052] When the support rod 2 is against the support block 4, the magnetic strip 22 is located in the sliding channel 40, the clamping block 43 moves to the nearest point under the magnetic force of the magnetic strip 22, the clamping block 431 does not contact the support sheet 41, and the clamping block 43 is not located in the liquid outlet 421.

[0053] The specific implementation process is as follows: the tunnel body 1 is supported manually by the support rod 2 , the first hydraulic rod 21 and the auxiliary rod 3 . During the supporting process, the geology around the tunnel body 1 is detected by the support rod 2 .

[0054] When the support rod 2 is squeezed by external geological forces, the pressure of the first hydraulic system increases, and the hydraulic oil of the first hydraulic system flows to the second hydraulic system through the restriction of the one-way valve to adjust the support length of the first hydraulic rod 21, so that the triangular first hydraulic rod 21 formed with the support rod 2 can support the tunnel body 1 more stably, thereby improving the support stability of the tunnel body 1. At the same time, the upper and lower surfaces of a plurality of Z-shaped support sheets 41 directly form a buffer layer with the soil to reduce instantaneous impact force.

[0055] When the support rod 2 is squeezed by the external geological force so that the support block 4 and the support rod 2 are against each other, the magnetic strip 22 is located in the sliding channel 40, and the block 43 is moved to the nearest point by the magnetic force of the magnetic strip 22, the clamping block 431 does not contact the support sheet 41, and the block 43 is not located in the liquid outlet 421; at this time, the two fulcrums of the Z-shaped support sheet 41 are in contact with the soil or the support block 4 respectively, so as to form a dislocation dispersion for the instantaneous impact force at the current time, so as to further improve the support effect of the support sheet 41, thereby protecting the tunnel body 1. At the same time, the liquid outlet 421 is opened to allow the mud in the liquid storage chamber 42 to be naturally discharged, consolidate the surrounding geology, and supplement the support effect of the support rod 2, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the tunnel body 1.

[0056] When the underground soil becomes hollow or collapses at one end of the support rod 2 away from the tunnel body 1, a pressure difference occurs between the hydraulic oil pressure in the first hydraulic system and the pressure in the pressurizing chamber. The pressure of the first hydraulic system in the support rod 2 is maintained stable by replenishing the hydraulic oil in the pressurizing chamber, so that the support rod 2 is extended to support the surrounding geology to protect the safety of the tunnel body 1.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] The difference from the above embodiment is that the auxiliary rod 3 is also bolted with a pressure sensor 5, which is located at the bottom of the tunnel body 1 and is electrically connected to a control panel (not shown in the figure). The control panel is also electrically connected to a warning light, which is located on the tunnel body 1.

[0059] The pressure sensor 5 is used to measure the pressure data at the bottom of the tunnel in real time and send the pressure data to the control panel.

[0060] The first hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic pressure sensor 5, which is used to measure real-time hydraulic data of the first hydraulic system and send the real-time hydraulic data to a control panel (not shown in the figure).

[0061] The control panel is used to compare the pressure data with the set standard weight data. If the pressure data is greater than the standard weight data, a start instruction is sent to the hydraulic pressure sensor 5, and the control panel is used to compare the real-time hydraulic data with the set rated hydraulic data. If the real-time hydraulic data is greater than the rated hydraulic data, a warning instruction is sent to the warning light. The warning light is used to emit a flashing red light based on the warning instruction. If the real-time hydraulic data is less than the rated hydraulic data, a maintenance instruction is sent to the hydraulic pressure sensor 5; if the pressure data is less than the standard data, a sleep instruction is sent to the hydraulic pressure sensor 5.

[0062] For example, when a worker passes by, the pressure data will change. By comparing the pressure data with the standard weight data, it can be determined whether there are people passing by at the current time, so as to determine the supporting strength of the tunnel body 1 at the current time, and thus determine whether there is a risk of collapse around the tunnel body 1. Warning lights will be used to remind the workers, thereby providing maximum protection for the workers and reducing the probability of danger to the workers.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] The difference from the above embodiment is that it also includes a hydraulic pump (not shown in the figure), the hydraulic pump is connected to the pressurizing chamber, and the liquid outlet pipe of the hydraulic pump is connected to a plurality of solenoid valves (not shown in the figure), and the solenoid valves are respectively located between the hydraulic pump and the first hydraulic system of the adjacent support rod 2.

[0065] The control panel is also used to calculate the phase difference between the real-time hydraulic data corresponding to adjacent support rods 2 based on the real-time hydraulic data corresponding to adjacent support rods 2, and compare the phase difference with the set first comparison value. If the phase difference is less than the first comparison value, a recording instruction is sent to the control panel. If the phase difference is greater than the first comparison value, a first adjustment instruction is sent to the corresponding hydraulic pump and solenoid valve at the same time. The control panel adjusts the duration of the first adjustment instruction based on the size of the phase difference.

[0066] For example, during the support process of the support rods 2, due to the local stress changes in the surrounding geology, different support rods 2 experience different force changes. When the real-time hydraulic data of adjacent support rods 2 differ, the different stress changes easily cause the surrounding geology to produce phase displacement, causing damage to the tunnel body 1. By determining whether there is a phase displacement force on the size of the support force on the tunnel body 1, the support strength of the support rods 2 around the tunnel is balanced by pressurized injection of hydraulic oil, so as to form a uniform support layer around the tunnel body 1, thereby protecting the stability of the tunnel body 1.

[0067] The control panel is also used to draw a fluctuation data graph based on the recording instruction, and to mark the fluctuation data graph based on the first adjustment instruction; the control panel is also used to obtain the number corresponding to the mark in the fluctuation data graph within the current interval time period, and compare the number with the set second comparison value. If the number is greater than the second comparison value, a warning instruction is sent to the outside world; if the number is less than the second comparison value, a verification pass instruction is sent to the control panel.

[0068] For example, within a certain period of time, continuous fluctuations occur around the tunnel body 1, which can easily cause the original support rods 2 to become unstable, thereby causing changes in the structure of the tunnel body 1. By obtaining the corresponding number of marks in the fluctuation data graph, it is possible to determine whether the surrounding geological changes are stable, thereby reminding the passing staff and protecting their safety.

[0069] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and / or characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A support safety protection device for underground mining, characterized in that: It includes a support rod fixedly connected to the tunnel body, and a first hydraulic system for adjusting the length of the support rod is provided in the support rod; The first hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to both sides of the support rod, and the second hydraulic system for adjusting the first hydraulic rod is arranged in the first hydraulic rod, the first hydraulic system is communicated with the second hydraulic system, and a one-way valve is arranged between the first hydraulic system and the second hydraulic system; the support rod is located outside the tunnel body, the first hydraulic rod is located inside the tunnel body, and the output end of the first hydraulic rod is against the tunnel body wall; the support rod is arranged circumferentially with the tunnel body as the center, and the first hydraulic rod and the support rod are supported in a triangular shape; The output end of the support rod is fixedly connected with a support block, and a buffer layer is fixedly connected inside the support block, and the buffer layer includes a plurality of Z-shaped support sheets; one end of the support sheet is rotatably matched with the support block, and a first spring is connected between the support sheet and the support block, and a sliding channel is also provided on the support block, and a magnetic strip is fixedly connected to one side of the support rod close to the support block; A clamping block is provided on one side of the sliding channel, and the clamping block is arranged vertically with the sliding channel, a second spring is provided between the clamping block and the support block, and an end of the clamping block away from the sliding channel is rotatably matched with a clamping block for fixing the support sheet; When the support rod and the support block are against each other, the magnetic strip is located in the sliding channel, the clamping block moves to the nearest point under the magnetic force of the magnetic strip, and the clamping block does not contact the support sheet; An auxiliary rod is provided between adjacent support rods, a pressurizing chamber is connected in the auxiliary rod, the pressurizing chamber is connected to the first hydraulic system, and the hydraulic oil pressure in the pressurizing chamber is consistent with the normal pressure of the first hydraulic system; A pressure sensor is also fixedly connected to the auxiliary rod, the pressure sensor is located at the bottom of the tunnel body, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control panel; The pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure data at the bottom of the tunnel in real time and send the pressure data to the control panel; The first hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic pressure sensor, the hydraulic pressure sensor being used to measure real-time hydraulic data of the first hydraulic system and send the real-time hydraulic data to the control panel; The control panel is used to compare the pressure data with the set standard weight data. If the pressure data is greater than the standard weight data, a start command is sent to the hydraulic pressure sensor. The control panel is also used to compare the real-time hydraulic data with the set rated hydraulic data. If the real-time hydraulic data is greater than the rated hydraulic data, a warning command is sent to the outside world. If the real-time hydraulic data is less than the rated hydraulic data, a maintenance command is sent to the hydraulic pressure sensor; if the pressure data is less than the standard data, a sleep command is sent to the hydraulic pressure sensor.

2. The support safety protection equipment for underground mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A liquid storage cavity for storing mud is provided at the center of the support block, the liquid storage cavity is connected to a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is parallel to the sliding channel, and the clamping block is connected to the liquid outlet; When the support rod and the support block are against each other, the magnetic strip is located in the sliding channel, the clamping block moves to the nearest point under the magnetic force of the magnetic strip, and the clamping block is located outside the liquid outlet.

3. The support safety protection equipment for underground mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control panel is also electrically connected to a warning light, which is located on the tunnel body and is used to give a reminder based on the warning instruction.

4. The support safety protection equipment for underground mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic pump, which is connected to the pressurizing chamber, and a liquid outlet pipe of the hydraulic pump is connected to a plurality of solenoid valves, which are respectively located between the hydraulic pump and the first hydraulic system of the adjacent support rods; The control panel is also used to calculate the phase difference between the real-time hydraulic data corresponding to adjacent support rods based on the real-time hydraulic data corresponding to adjacent support rods, and compare the phase difference with a set first comparison value. If the phase difference is less than the first comparison value, a recording instruction is sent to the control panel. If the phase difference is greater than the first comparison value, a first adjustment instruction is sent to the corresponding hydraulic pump and solenoid valve at the same time.

5. The support safety protection equipment for underground mining according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The control panel is also used to draw a fluctuation data graph based on the recording instruction, and mark the fluctuation data graph based on the first adjustment instruction; The control panel is also used to obtain the number corresponding to the mark in the fluctuation data graph within the current interval time period, and compare the number with a set second comparison value, and if the number is greater than the second comparison value, send a warning instruction to the outside world; If the number is less than the second comparison value, a verification pass instruction is sent to the control panel.

6. The support safety protection equipment for underground mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A triangular support is formed between the supporting rod and the auxiliary rod.

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