Color natural light homogenizing illumination device based on structural color

Abstract

The application provides a color natural light homogenizing illumination device based on structural color, which is composed of three parts, including two layers of light homogenizing substrates and a structural color coating, wherein the light homogenizing substrates include two arrays of surfaces, the outdoor light homogenizing substrate is used for collecting outdoor natural light and conducting the light to the indoor light homogenizing substrate through an intermediate medium, the array of the inner surface of the indoor light homogenizing substrate can refract and deflect the incident natural light to the indoor space, and the structural color coating is located between the two light homogenizing substrates and can produce stable coloring through the interaction between light and periodic structure while transmitting visible light. The application can efficiently collect high-angle natural light, realize indoor light homogenizing illumination, produce color patterns with high stability, low discoloration, low biological toxicity and wide color gamut, produce beautiful and elegant customized patterned illumination, reduce energy consumption and has good practicability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of lighting system design and beam shaping, and particularly relates to a color natural light homogenization lighting device based on structural color. Through the designed composite natural light homogenization lighting device, the natural light incident from the window during the day can be evenly dispersed to every corner of the house, the natural light is fully utilized for indoor lighting, energy saving and emission reduction are achieved, the energy utilization rate is improved, different colors are endowed through the structural color coating, the customizable patterned lighting is generated, the indoor privacy is effectively protected, the device is light, thin, easy to mass-produce, environment-friendly and non-polluting, and can be used as a lighting curtain, indoor louver and window glass. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the largest source of energy consumption in the world mainly concentrates in the three industries of industry, transportation and building. From the whole life cycle of building, a large amount of energy is consumed and toxic waste is discharged in the process from the beginning of construction to use and operation until abandonment, which causes huge energy consumption and carbon emission. The building energy consumption mainly refers to the energy consumed by building in winter heating, summer air conditioning, daily lighting, indoor and outdoor ventilation, household appliances and cooking. So far, the existing building area in China is more than 70 billion square meters, more than 90% of which is high energy consumption building, and the proportion of energy-saving buildings in urban areas accounts for only 23.1% of the existing building area. In recent years, the proportion of building energy consumption in the total energy consumption in China has reached more than 33%, and it has been rising by an average annual growth rate of 5.4%. In the process of building use, the energy used to maintain the internal environment of the building accounts for the vast majority of the total energy consumption in the building use process, of which heating and air conditioning accounts for 30-40% of the total energy consumption, and lighting energy consumption accounts for about 25% of the total energy consumption. Therefore, to fundamentally improve the environment, balance the ecology and solve the energy crisis, the building industry should also implement the sustainable development policy, and under the condition of meeting the growing demand of people for building space comfort, it should optimize the energy allocation, reduce energy waste and loss, that is, realize the rational use of energy. Energy saving and creating a comfortable indoor environment are universal contradictions. At present, there are many factors in the indoor environment that are not conducive to energy saving. How to realize low energy consumption by improving the energy structure under the premise of ensuring the existing building functions has become the core of the green building concept.

[0003] The existing building relies on a large amount of non-renewable energy to maintain the indoor environment of the building, and in today's building industry, the use of natural light to achieve resource and energy integration and rational use is an effective way to implement sustainability. Natural light is the most basic natural element and the most basic renewable resource. Natural light is inexhaustible and clean and pollution-free, and has been revalued by people. Making full use of natural light to maintain the indoor environment of the building can save energy and reduce consumption, reduce the operating cost of the building, and more importantly, the use of natural light in the building can play a very positive role in realizing the sustainable development strategy of China, and can produce great ecological, environmental and social benefits. In addition, improper use and abuse of artificial lighting can bring negative space experience to space users, and even cause health hazards. As full-spectrum radiation, natural light can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms, improve indoor living environment, and make people feel comfortable and happy in psychology and physiology under the sun, which is beneficial to physical and mental health, and has better visual effect than artificial lighting for work and study.

[0004] The color of indoor light has psychological and physiological effects on people, and the use of color is an important element in lighting applications. The study of the relationship between color psychology and emotion can promote the functionality and ease of use of space, and in addition, there are many specific application scenarios that require color patterning lighting. The generation of commonly used chemical colors generally accompanies the loss of photoelectric energy and electron transfer, which is easy to cause light-induced discoloration, resulting in huge maintenance costs, and structural color will not be affected by photochemical discoloration. As long as the periodic structure of the material is not damaged, the color will be preserved forever. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new functional lighting device that is both transparent and has a specific color patterning effect, and to use a color patterning solar lighting device that is energy-saving, safe and environmentally friendly, and has excellent performance without changing the original building structure. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the prior art, and a color natural light homogenization lighting device based on structural color is proposed. The device can make the natural light incident from the window during the day evenly diffuse to every corner of the house, fully utilize natural light for indoor lighting, save energy and reduce emissions, and improve energy utilization rate; at the same time, different colors are given through the structural color coating, and self-definable patterning lighting is generated.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A color natural light homogenizing lighting device based on structural color is proposed. The device includes a first homogenizing substrate 1, a second homogenizing substrate 3, and a structural color coating 2 sandwiched between them. The first homogenizing substrate 1, which is in direct contact with the outdoors, is a single-plane, freeform surface array, or lens array; the second homogenizing substrate 3, which is in direct contact with the indoor environment, is a freeform surface array, lens array, or sawtooth grating array. The first homogenizing substrate 1 is used to collect outdoor high-angle natural light, which is then irradiated with a specific color spectrum by the structural color coating 2 and then transmitted to the second homogenizing substrate 3. The second homogenizing substrate 3 is used to deflect the incident natural light into the indoor space after refraction through an inclined surface.

[0007] The array of freeform surfaces is in the form of convex or concave freeform surfaces. The convex freeform surface refracts light in the horizontal direction through refraction. Different positions on the convex freeform surface ( , thickness d The expression for 1 is ,in n For refractive index, r 1 represents the radius of curvature at the vertex of the convex freeform surface. θ 1 represents the surface inclination angle of a convex freeform surface, which allows light to propagate horizontally through refraction. The radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates; different positions on the concave freeform surface ( , thickness d The expression for 2 is ,in n For refractive index, r 2 is the radius of curvature of the vertex of the concave freeform surface. θ 2 is the surface tilt angle of the concave freeform surface, which allows light to propagate horizontally through refraction, and the radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates;

[0008] The lens array has either a convex lens or a concave lens, and the convex lens has different positions ( , thickness The expression is , r 3 represents the radius of curvature, which is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates; different positions on the concave lens ( , thickness The expression for 2 is , r 4 represents the radius of curvature, which is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates;

[0009] The thickness of different positions on the single structure unit of the sawtooth grating array , The expression is , θ 3 is the included angle between the two grating surfaces of the sawtooth grating, and the value range is 20°-70°.

[0010] Further, for the natural light homogenization substrates with different surface shapes, the phase modulation added by the free-form surface array to the incident light The expression is , (the , ) is the position of the incident wave front of the free-form surface array, f 1 is the equivalent lens focal length of the free-form surface array, λ is the central wavelength of the natural light, α 1 is the incident angle of the natural light on the free-form surface; the phase modulation added by the lens array to the incident light The expression is , (the , ) is the position of the incident wave front of the lens array, λ is the central wavelength of the natural light, f 2 is the focal length of the lens; the phase modulation added by the sawtooth grating array to the incident light The expression is , λ is the central wavelength of the natural light, is the position of the incident wave front of the sawtooth surface array, α 3 is the incident angle of the incident natural light on the sawtooth surface.

[0011] Further, the working plane of the first homogenization substrate 1 is always directed towards the incident direction of the natural light, and the normal line of the working plane forms an acute angle with the incident natural light.

[0012] Further, for the natural light homogenization substrates with different surface shapes, except for the case that the first homogenization substrate 1 is single-planar, the working plane array of the two homogenization substrates is a square full-aperture array with a filling rate of more than 95%, and the surface shape arrays of the two homogenization substrates are one-to-one corresponding, and the center positions of the surface shapes match the optical axis.

[0013] Further, the structural color coating 2 is obtained by curing a uniform structural color three-dimensional photonic crystal solution; wherein the three-dimensional photonic crystal is a photonic bandgap material that presents periodic arrangement in space, and the periodic structure has a size comparable to the wavelength of visible light, and can reflect visible light within the photonic bandgap range, and a kind of chemical material is used to obtain a color covering the full visible light range.

[0014] ​Further, the three-dimensional photonic crystal in the structural color coating 2 is in the form of colloidal microspheres, and the colloidal microspheres are organic microspheres or inorganic microspheres; the microspheres are uniform in particle size, good in monodispersity, and accurate in particle size control in the range of 50-500 nm.

[0015] Further, the organic microspheres as the main component of the structural color coating 2 include polystyrene (PS) microspheres, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microspheres and polydopamine (PDA) microspheres; the coating has various colors in macroscopic view, and is an array of polymer microspheres with the same particle size in microscopic view, and the color of the coating is related to the particle size of the microspheres in the array.

[0016] Further, the inorganic microspheres as the main component of the structural color coating 2 include silica (SiO2) microspheres, magnetite (Fe3O4) microspheres, cuprous oxide (Cu2O) microspheres, zinc sulfide (ZnS) microspheres, zinc oxide (ZnO) microspheres, cadmium sulfide (CdS) microspheres and titanium dioxide (TiO2) microspheres; the coating has various colors in macroscopic view, and is an array of polymer microspheres with the same particle size in microscopic view, and the color of the coating is related to the particle size of the microspheres in the array.

[0017] Further, the structural color coating 2 is a periodic array self-assembled by monodisperse colloidal microspheres, and the preparation method of the monodisperse colloidal microspheres includes solvothermal method, seed method, template method and sol-gel method.

[0018] Further, the outdoor natural light is collected by the working plane of the first light uniformization substrate 1, and is transmitted to the structural color coating 2 through the intermediate medium; the structural color coating 2 presents stable colors through the physical optical properties of the fine structure of the material, so that the building is more beautiful; the light passing through the structural color coating 2 is deflected to the indoor space after passing through the second light uniformization substrate 3, so that the uniform illumination of the incident light is realized, the indoor light becomes soft and comfortable, the dazzling light is avoided, and a comfortable indoor environment is created.

[0019] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The application provides a color natural light uniform illumination device based on structural color, which can make natural light incident from a window evenly disperse to every corner of a house in the daytime by a sandwich structure of two uniform light substrates and a structural color coating, and utilizes the natural light for indoor illumination, so that energy consumption caused by additional illumination of a large-depth house in a sunny day is reduced. The structural color coating presents color by physical optical characteristics of a fine structure of a substance, and belongs to intrinsic characteristics of a nano-particle structure, so that the structural color coating does not need pigment, is more stable, does not fade, and has little pollution. The structural color coating and the natural light illumination device structure are combined, so that the structural color realizes multi-color output on the illumination device, energy saving and emission reduction are realized, energy utilization is improved, and the concept of "green building" is truly practiced. Since different surface shape combination structures are adopted, symmetry of light transmission is broken, and indoor privacy can be effectively protected. In addition, free combination of the uniform light substrate and the structural color coating reduces manufacturing complexity, the single-piece uniform light substrate is light and thin and easy to mass produce, has no special requirement on materials, and is suitable for large-scale production and popularization. As a multifunctional new type of illumination device, the color natural light uniform illumination device based on structural color can replace illumination curtains, indoor blinds, window glass and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A single-piece structural color natural light uniform illumination device structure based on single plane and convex free-form surface combination is provided for the application example 1.

[0022] Figure 2 A single-piece structural color natural light uniform illumination device structure based on single plane and convex lens combination is provided for the application example 1.

[0023] Figure 3 A single-piece structural color natural light uniform illumination device structure based on single plane and sawtooth grating combination is provided for the application example 1.

[0024] Figure 4 A single-piece structural color natural light uniform illumination device structure based on convex lens and convex free-form surface combination is provided for the application example 1.

[0025] Figure 5 A single-piece structural color natural light uniform illumination device structure based on convex lens and convex lens combination is provided for the application example 1.

[0026] Figure 6 A single-piece structural color natural light uniform illumination device structure based on convex lens and sawtooth grating combination is provided for the application example 1.

[0027] Figure 7The structural diagram of the single-piece structural color natural light homogenization illuminating device based on the combination of two convex free-form surfaces is provided for the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0028] Figure 8 The structural diagram of the single-piece structural color natural light homogenization illuminating device based on the combination of convex free-form surface and convex lens is provided for the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0029] Figure 9 The structural diagram of the single-piece structural color natural light homogenization illuminating device based on the combination of convex free-form surface and sawtooth grating is provided for the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0030] In the figure, the outdoor high-angle natural light is horizontally dispersed to the indoor space after passing through the device, and different colors of illumination can be generated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] Figures 1-9 The present application provides a color natural light homogenization illuminating device based on structural color, which comprises a first light homogenization substrate 1, a second light homogenization substrate 3 and a structural color coating 2 sandwiched therebetween, wherein the first light homogenization substrate 1 in direct contact with the outdoor environment is a single plane, a free-form surface array or a lens array; the second light homogenization substrate 3 in direct contact with the indoor environment is a free-form surface array, a lens array or a sawtooth grating array; the first light homogenization substrate 1 is used to collect outdoor high-angle natural light and generate light of a specific color spectrum through the structural color coating 2, and then conduct the light to the second light homogenization substrate 3; the second light homogenization substrate 3 is used to deflect the incident natural light to the indoor space through refraction by the inclined surface.

[0033] The free-form surface array is in the form of convex free-form surface or concave free-form surface, the convex free-form surface refracts the light in the horizontal direction, the thickness of the convex free-form surface at different positions (x, y) is expressed as , d 1, the expression of the thickness of the convex free-form surface at different positions (x, y) is , wherein n1 is the refractive index, n R1 is the radius of curvature of the vertex of the convex free-form surface, r 1 is the face type inclination angle of the convex free-form surface, the light is propagated in the horizontal direction through refraction, and the radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two light homogenization substrates; the concave free-form surface at different positions (x, y) is expressed as θ ,​​ thickness d The expression for 2 is ,in n For refractive index, r 2 is the radius of curvature of the vertex of the concave freeform surface. θ 2 is the surface tilt angle of the concave freeform surface, which allows light to propagate horizontally through refraction, and the radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates;

[0034] The lens array has either a convex lens or a concave lens, and the convex lens has different positions ( , thickness The expression is , r 3 represents the radius of curvature, which is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates; different positions on the concave lens ( , thickness The expression for 2 is , r 4 represents the radius of curvature, which is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates;

[0035] Different positions on a single structural unit of the sawtooth grating array ( , thickness The expression is , θ 3 represents the angle between the two grating surfaces that form the sawtooth grating, with a value ranging from 20° to 70°.

[0036] For natural light homogenizing substrates of different surface shapes, the freeform surface array adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as , ( , () represents the position of the incident wavefront of the freeform surface array. f 1 represents the equivalent lens focal length in a freeform surface array. λ The center wavelength of natural light α 1 represents the incident angle of natural light on the freeform surface; the lens array adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as , ( , () represents the position of the incident wavefront of the lens array. λ The center wavelength of natural light f 2 represents the lens focal length; the sawtooth grating array adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as ,λ is the central wavelength of the natural light, is the position of the sawtooth surface array incident wave, α 3 is the incident angle of the incident natural light on the sawtooth surface.

[0037] The working plane of the first homogenizing substrate 1 is always directed towards the incident direction of the natural light, and the normal of the working plane forms an acute angle with the incident natural light. For different surface types of the natural light homogenizing substrate, the device material is a transparent material with a visible light transmittance of 85% or more, including but not limited to glass, resin, and transparent plastic.

[0038] For different surface types of the natural light homogenizing substrate, except for the case where the first homogenizing substrate 1 is a single plane, the working plane array of the two homogenizing substrates is a square full aperture array with a filling rate of 95% or more, and the surface type array of the two homogenizing substrates corresponds one-to-one, and the center positions of the surface types match the optical axis.

[0039] The structural color coating 2 is obtained by curing a uniform structural color three-dimensional photonic crystal solution; wherein the three-dimensional photonic crystal is a photonic bandgap material that exhibits periodic arrangement in space, and the periodic structure has a size comparable to the wavelength of visible light (400-700 nm), which can reflect visible light within the photonic bandgap range, and a chemical material is used to obtain a color covering the entire visible light range. In the implementation process, this coating is placed between the first homogenizing substrate 1 and the second homogenizing substrate 2, avoiding direct contact with the outside world.

[0040] The three-dimensional photonic crystal as the main component of the structural color coating 2 is in the form of colloidal microspheres, which are organic microspheres or inorganic microspheres; the microspheres have uniform particle size, good monodispersity, and particle size size that can be accurately controlled in the range of 50-500 nm.

[0041] The organic microspheres as the main component of the structural color coating 2 include polystyrene (PS) microspheres, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microspheres, and polydopamine (PDA) microspheres; macroscopically, they exhibit coatings with various colors, and microscopically, they are arrays of polymer microspheres with the same particle size, and the coating color is related to the particle size of the microspheres in the array.

[0042] The inorganic microspheres as the main component of the structural color coating 2 include silica (SiO2) microspheres, magnetite (Fe3O4) microspheres, cuprous oxide (Cu2O) microspheres, zinc sulfide (ZnS) microspheres, zinc oxide (ZnO) microspheres, cadmium sulfide (CdS) microspheres, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) microspheres; macroscopically, they exhibit coatings with various colors, and microscopically, they are arrays of polymer microspheres with the same particle size, and the coating color is related to the particle size of the microspheres in the array.

[0043] The structural color coating 2 is a periodic array formed by the self-assembly of monodisperse colloidal microspheres. The preparation methods of monodisperse colloidal microspheres include solvothermal method, seed method, template method and sol-gel method.

[0044] Outdoor natural light is collected by the working plane of the first uniform light substrate 1 and transmitted to the structural color coating 2 through an intermediate medium. The structural color coating 2 presents a stable color through the physical and optical properties of the material's fine structure, making the building more beautiful. The light passing through the structural color coating 2 is deflected into the indoor space after passing through the second uniform light substrate 3, achieving uniform illumination of the incident light, making the indoor light soft and comfortable, avoiding glare, and creating a comfortable indoor environment.

[0045] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For clarity and brevity, not all features of actual implementations are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the development of any such actual embodiment to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as complying with constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary depending on the implementation. Furthermore, it should be understood that while development work can be very complex and time-consuming, such development work is merely a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the disclosure of this invention.

[0046] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the invention with unnecessary details, only the device structure and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the invention are omitted.

[0047] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a composite structural color natural light homogenizing lighting device based on a combination of a single plane and a convex freeform surface. It includes two homogenizing substrates arranged in an array. The first homogenizing substrate has a single plane as its working surface, and the second homogenizing substrate has a convex freeform surface array as its working surface. The single plane collects outdoor natural light, which is then coated with a structural color layer to produce different colors. The filtered light is then transmitted through an intermediate medium to the convex freeform surface array. The convex freeform surface array deflects the incident natural light through its inclined surfaces into the indoor space. Each convex freeform surface array includes n unit structures, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0048] More specifically: the two array-shaped surfaces respectively modulate different phases of the incident light. Specifically, the individual unit structure of the convex free-surface array is a convex free-form surface, with different positions on the convex free-form surface ( , thickness The expression is , r is the radius of the curved surface, θ is the inclination angle, the surface form can be spherical or other forms, the radius of the curved surface is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the plane and the convex free curved surface. The phase modulation added by the convex free curved surface array to the incident light can be expressed as , , is the position of the incident wave front of the free curved surface array, f is the equivalent lens focal length of the free curved surface array, λ is the central wavelength of the natural light, θ 1 is the incident light angle.

[0049] More specifically, the convex free curved surface array is a square full-aperture array with a filling rate of more than 95%.

[0050] More specifically, the main component of the structural color coating is silica (SiO2) microspheres with different particle sizes, which macroscopically appears as a thin film with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm.

[0051] More specifically, in order to verify the effect of the above-mentioned device of the application, the convex free curved surface has a radius r = -1 mm and an inclination angle θ = 45°, the distance between the two uniform light bases is 1.5 mm, the array size is 1 mm*1 mm, a 5*5 array is selected, the material is ZF6 glass, and the schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1 .

[0052] Embodiment 2: as shown in the accompanying Figure 2 , the embodiment provides a composite structural color natural light homogenization illumination device based on a single plane and a convex lens combination, which includes two array-form uniform light bases, the working surface of the first uniform light base is a single plane, and the working surface of the second uniform light base is a convex lens array. The single plane is used to collect outdoor natural light, different colors are generated through the structural color coating, and the filtered light is transmitted to the convex lens array through the intermediate medium; the convex lens array is used to deflect the incident natural light to the indoor space through the inclined surface refraction. The convex lens array includes n unit structures, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0053] More specifically, the surfaces of the two array forms respectively realize the modulation of different phases of the incident light. Specifically, the single unit structure of the convex lens array is a convex lens, and the thickness , of different positions on the convex lens can be expressed as , r r is the radius of the curved surface, the surface form can be spherical or other forms, the radius of the curved surface is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the plane and the convex lens. The phase modulation added by the convex lens array to the incident light can be expressed as , (d) is the position of the lens array incident wavefront, , ) is the position of the lens array incident wavefront, f is the focal length of the lens, λ is the central wavelength of the natural light.

[0054] More specifically: the convex lens array is a square full-aperture array with a filling rate of more than 95%.

[0055] More specifically: the main component of the structural color coating is silica (SiO2) microspheres with different particle sizes, which macroscopically appears as a film with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm.

[0056] More specifically: in order to verify the effect of the above-mentioned device of the present application, the focal length of the convex lens is f = 5 mm, the interval between the two uniform light base working surfaces is 1.5 mm, the array size is 1 mm*1 mm, a 5*5 array is selected, the material is ZF6 glass, and the schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2 .

[0057] Example 3: as shown in the accompanying Figure 3 , the present embodiment provides a composite structural color natural light homogenization illumination device based on single plane and sawtooth grating combination, which includes two array form uniform light bases in front and back, the working surface of the first uniform light base is a single plane, and the working surface of the second uniform light base is a sawtooth surface array, the single plane is used to collect outdoor natural light, different colors are generated through the structural color coating, and the filtered light is transmitted to the sawtooth surface array through the intermediate medium; the sawtooth surface array is used to deflect the incident natural light to the indoor space through the refraction of the inclined surface. The sawtooth surface array includes n unit structures, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0058] More specifically: the front and back two array form surfaces respectively realize the modulation of different phases of the incident light. Specifically, the thickness of different positions (x, y) on a single structure unit of the sawtooth surface array , The expression is , , θ is the included angle between the two grating surfaces of the sawtooth grating. The additional phase modulation of the sawtooth surface array to the incident light can be expressed as , λ is the central wavelength of the natural light, is the position of the sawtooth surface array incident wavefront, θ 1 is the angle of the incident light.

[0059] More specifically: the sawtooth surface array is a square full-aperture array with a filling rate of more than 95%.

[0060] More specifically: the main component of the structural color coating is silica (SiO2) microspheres of different particle sizes, which macroscopically appear as a thin film with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm.

[0061] More specifically: To verify the effect of the above-mentioned device of the present invention, the tilt angle of the sawtooth surface array grating is θ = 45°, the interval between the two planes is 1.5 mm, the array size is 1 mm * 1 mm, a 5*5 array is selected, and ZF6 glass is selected as the material to simulate the light divergence effect, as shown in the schematic diagram. Figure 3 As shown.

[0062] Example 4: As shown in the appendix Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a composite structural color natural light homogenizing illumination device based on a combination of convex lenses and convex freeform surfaces. It includes two homogenizing substrates arranged in arrays. The first substrate has a convex lens array as its working surface, and the second substrate has a convex freeform surface array as its working surface. The convex lens array collects outdoor natural light, which is then coated with a structural color layer to produce different colors. The filtered light is then transmitted through an intermediate medium to the convex freeform surface array. The convex freeform surface array deflects the incident natural light through its inclined surface into the indoor space. Both the convex lens array and the convex freeform surface array include n unit structures, which are in one-to-one correspondence, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0063] More specifically: the two array-shaped surfaces respectively modulate different phases of the incident light. Specifically, the convex lens array surface of the first homogenizing substrate adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as , ( , ) represents the position of the incident wavefront of the lens array, and λ represents the incident wavelength, typically taken as the center wavelength. f The focal length of the lens. The phase modulation added to the incident light by the convex freeform surface array of the second homogenizing substrate. It can be represented as , ( , () represents the position of the incident wavefront of the freeform surface array. f 2 represents the equivalent focal length of a convex freeform surface. θ 1 represents the incident light angle.

[0064] More specifically: the lens surface of the convex lens faces the direction of natural light incident, and the normal of the lens surface forms an acute angle with the angle of the incident natural light. Natural light incident from a high angle outside can be dispersed in parallel to all corners of the room after passing through the designed device.

[0065] More specifically: different positions on the convex lens ( , thickness The expression is , r is the radius of curvature, the surface form can be spherical or other forms, the radius of curvature is 1-5 times of the minimum distance between the lens array and the free-form surface array. The convex free-form surface array refracts most of the light in the horizontal direction by refraction, and the thickness of the convex free-form surface at different positions , The expression of the thickness is ; wherein n is the refractive index, r is the radius of curvature of the vertex, θ 2 is the surface form inclination angle, and the light is propagated in the horizontal direction by refraction.

[0066] More specifically: the front and rear surface array forms a square full-aperture array with a filling rate of more than 95%, and the two uniform light base surface arrays are one-to-one corresponding, and the surface center position matches the optical axis.

[0067] More specifically: the main component of the structural color coating is silica (SiO2) microspheres with different particle sizes, which macroscopically appears as a thin film with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm.

[0068] More specifically: in order to verify the effect of the device described above, the convex lens array is selected as a spherical lens, the radius of curvature is r = 1 mm, and the lens focal length f = 2 mm; the convex free-form surface curvature radius r = -1 mm, and the surface form inclination angle θ2= 45°. The interval between the convex lens array and the convex free-form surface array is 1.5 mm, the array size is 1 mm* 1 mm, a 5*5 array is selected, and the material is ZF6 glass. The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 4 .

[0069] Example 5: as shown in the accompanying Figure 5 , this embodiment provides a composite structural color natural light uniform illumination device based on two convex lens combinations, including two array forms of uniform light bases, the working surface of the first uniform light base and the working surface of the second uniform light base are both convex lens arrays, the first convex lens array is used to collect outdoor natural light, different colors are generated through the structural color coating, and the filtered light is transmitted to the second convex lens array through the intermediate medium; the second convex lens array is used to deflect the incident natural light to the indoor space through the inclined surface refraction. Both of the two convex lens arrays include n unit structures, and are one-to-one corresponding, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0070] More specifically: the surfaces of the two array forms respectively realize the modulation of different phases of the incident light. Specifically, the phase modulation added by the convex lens array surface to the incident light can be expressed as , ( , ) represents the position of the incident wavefront of the lens array, and λ represents the incident wavelength, typically taken as the center wavelength. f This is the focal length of the lens.

[0071] More specifically: different positions on the convex lens ( , thickness The expression is , r The radius of curvature is denoted by a spherical surface or other shapes. The focal length of the second convex lens array is 2-5 times that of the first convex lens array. The second convex lens refracts most of the light rays in the horizontal direction.

[0072] More specifically: a convex lens facing the direction of natural light, with the normal of the lens surface forming an acute angle with the angle of the incident natural light, allows natural light incident from a high angle outdoors to be diffused in parallel to all corners of the room through the designed device. Specifically, the rear focal point of a single unit lens in the first convex lens array coincides with the front focal point of a single unit lens in the second convex lens array, forming a Keplerian telescope structure that diffuses light into the indoor space.

[0073] More specifically, the unit sizes of the second convex lens array and the first convex lens array are not equal. The size of a single unit lens in the second convex lens array is such that it can collect and converge all the beams of the corresponding unit of the first positive lens array.

[0074] More specifically: the main component of the structural color coating is silica (SiO2) microspheres of different particle sizes, which macroscopically appear as a thin film with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm.

[0075] More specifically: To verify the effect of the device described above, the first convex lens is selected as a unit lens with a focal length of 2 mm, the second convex lens is selected as a unit lens with a focal length of 5 mm, and the distance between the first and second convex lenses is 7 mm, as shown in the schematic diagram. Figure 5 As shown.

[0076] Example 6: As attached Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a composite structural color natural light homogenizing illumination device based on a combination of convex lenses and sawtooth gratings. It includes two homogenizing substrates arranged in a front and rear array. The working surface of the first homogenizing substrate is a convex lens array, and the working surface of the second homogenizing substrate is a sawtooth grating array. The convex lens array collects outdoor natural light, which is then coated with a structural color layer to produce different colors. The filtered light is then transmitted through an intermediate medium to the convex freeform surface array. The sawtooth grating array deflects the incident natural light through an inclined surface into the indoor space. Both the convex lens array and the sawtooth grating array include n unit structures, which are in one-to-one correspondence, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0077] More specifically: the front and rear array form surfaces respectively realize modulation of different phases of incident light. Specifically, the convex lens array surface of the first homogenization substrate adds phase modulation to the incident light can be expressed as , , is the position of the lens array incident wavefront, λ is the incident wavelength, generally the central wavelength, f is the focal length of the lens. The sawtooth grating array surface of the second homogenization substrate adds phase modulation to the incident light can be expressed as , λ is the central wavelength of natural light, is the position of the sawtooth surface array incident wavefront, θ 1 is the incident light angle.

[0078] More specifically: the lens surface of the convex lens faces the direction of natural light incidence, and the lens surface normal forms an acute angle with the incident natural light angle. The high-angle outdoor incident natural light can be parallelly dispersed to various corners of the indoor through the designed device.

[0079] More specifically: the thickness , of different positions on the convex lens can be expressed as , r is the radius of curvature, which can be a spherical surface or other forms, and the radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the lens array and the sawtooth grating array. The thickness , of different positions on the sawtooth surface array single structure unit can be expressed as , θ is the included angle between the two grating surfaces of the sawtooth grating, which makes the light propagate along the horizontal direction through refraction.

[0080] More specifically: the front and rear surface array forms are square full-aperture arrays with a filling rate of more than 95%, and the two homogenization substrate surface array forms one-to-one correspond, and the surface type center position matches the optical axis.

[0081] More specifically: the main component of the structural color coating is silica (SiO2) microspheres with different particle sizes, which macroscopically appears as a thin film with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm.

[0082] More specifically: in order to verify the effect of the above-mentioned device of the application, the convex lens array is selected as a spherical lens with a radius of curvature r = 1 mm and a lens focal length f = 2 mm; the sawtooth grating has an inclination angle θ = 45°, the lens array and the sawtooth grating are one-to-one corresponding, the interval between the two planes is 1.5 mm, the array size is 1 mm*1 mm, a 5*5 array is selected, the material is ZF6 glass, and a schematic diagram is shown in Figure 6 .

[0083] Embodiment 7: as shown in the accompanying Figure 7 , this embodiment provides a composite structural color natural light uniform illumination device based on a convex-convex combination of free-form surfaces, which includes two array-form uniform light substrates in front and back, wherein the working surface of the first uniform light substrate and the working surface of the second uniform light substrate are both convex free-form surfaces, outdoor high-angle natural light is collected by the first convex free-form surface array, different colors are generated by the structural color coating, and the filtered light is transmitted to the convex free-form surface array through the intermediate medium; the second convex free-form surface array is used to deflect the incident natural light to the indoor space after refraction by the inclined surface. The first convex free-form surface array and the second convex free-form surface array each include n unit structures, and are one-to-one corresponding, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0084] More specifically: the surfaces of the two array forms in front and back realize modulation of different phases of the incident light. Specifically, the phase modulation added by the surface of the first convex free-form surface array to the incident light can be expressed as , , , ) is the position of the incident wave front of the free-form surface array, f 1 is the equivalent lens focal length in the first convex free-form surface array, λ is the central wavelength of the natural light, θ 1 is the incident angle of the incident light on the first convex free-form surface; the phase modulation added by the surface of the second convex free-form surface array to the incident light can be expressed as , , , ) is the position of the incident wave front of the free-form surface array, f 2 is the equivalent lens focal length in the second convex free-form surface array, λ is the central wavelength of the natural light, θ 2 is the incident angle of the incident light on the first convex free-form surface.

[0085] More specifically: the thickness , of different positions on the first convex free-form surface is expressed as , r 1 is the radius of the curved surface, α1 represents the inclination angle of the first convex freeform surface. The surface shape can be spherical, parabolic, or other forms. The radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum spacing between the two preceding and following convex freeform surface arrays. Different positions on the second convex freeform surface ( , thickness The expression is , r 2 is the radius of the surface. α 2 represents the inclination angle of the second convex freeform surface. The surface shape can be spherical, parabolic, or other shapes. The radius of the surface is 1-5 times the minimum spacing between the two convex freeform surface arrays.

[0086] More specifically: the front and rear surface arrays are square full-aperture arrays with a fill rate of over 95%, and the two uniform light substrate surface arrays correspond one-to-one, with the center position of the surface matching the optical axis.

[0087] More specifically: the main component of the structural color coating is silica (SiO2) microspheres of different particle sizes, which macroscopically appear as a thin film with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm.

[0088] More specifically: To verify the effect of the above-mentioned device of the present invention, the radius of curvature of the first convex freeform surface array is r1 = 1 mm, and the surface tilt angle is... α 1 = 10°, the radius of curvature of the second convex freeform surface array is r2 = -1 mm, and the surface tilt angle is... α 2 = 35°, the first convex freeform lens array and the second convex freeform lens array correspond one-to-one, the interval between the two planes is 1.2mm, the array size is 1 mm * 1 mm, a 5*5 array is selected, and ZF6 glass is selected as the material. The schematic diagram is shown below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0089] Example 8: As attached Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a composite structural color natural light homogenizing lighting device based on a convex freeform surface and a convex lens array. It includes two homogenizing substrates arranged in a front and rear array configuration. The working surface of the first homogenizing substrate is a convex freeform surface, and the working surface of the second homogenizing substrate is a convex lens. Outdoor high-angle natural light is collected by the convex freeform surface array, passes through a structural color coating to produce different colors, and the filtered light is transmitted to the convex lens array via an intermediate medium. The convex lens array is used to deflect the incident natural light into the indoor space after refraction through the inclined surface. Both the convex freeform surface array and the convex lens array include n unit structures, which are one-to-one corresponding, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0090] More specifically: the two arrayed surfaces modulate different phases of the incident light. Specifically, the first convex freeform surface array adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as , ( , () represents the position of the incident wavefront of the freeform surface array. f 1 represents the equivalent lens focal length in the first convex freeform surface array. λ The center wavelength of natural light θ 1 represents the incident angle of the incident light on the first convex freeform surface; the phase modulation added to the incident light by the surface of the second convex lens array. It can be represented as , ( , () represents the position of the incident wavefront of the lens array. λ The wavelength of the incident natural light is the center wavelength. f 2 represents the focal length of the lens.

[0091] More specifically: different positions on the first convex free surface ( , thickness The expression is , r 1 is the radius of the surface. α 1 represents the inclination angle of the first convex freeform surface. The surface shape can be spherical, parabolic, or other forms. The radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the lens array and the freeform surface array. Different positions on the second convex lens ( , thickness The expression is , r 2 represents the radius of curvature of the surface. The surface shape can be spherical or other shapes. The radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the lens array and the freeform surface array.

[0092] More specifically: the front and rear surface arrays are square full-aperture arrays with a fill rate of over 95%, and the two uniform light substrate surface arrays correspond one-to-one, with the center position of the surface matching the optical axis.

[0093] More specifically: the main component of the structural color coating is silica (SiO2) microspheres of different particle sizes, which macroscopically appear as a thin film with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm.

[0094] More specifically: To verify the effect of the above-mentioned device of the present invention, the radius of curvature of the first convex freeform surface array is r1 = 1 mm, and the surface tilt angle is... α 1 = 10°, focal length of the second convex lens array f = 5 mm, the first convex freeform surface array and the second convex lens array correspond one-to-one, the interval between the two planes is 1.5 mm, the array size is 1 mm * 1 mm, a 5*5 array is selected, and ZF6 glass is selected as the material. The schematic diagram is as follows.Figure 8 As shown.

[0095] Example 9: As attached Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a composite structural color natural light homogenizing lighting device based on a convex freeform surface and a sawtooth grating array. It includes two homogenizing substrates in the form of arrays, one before the other. The working surface of the first homogenizing substrate is a convex freeform surface, and the working surface of the second homogenizing substrate is a sawtooth grating surface. Outdoor high-angle natural light is collected by the convex freeform surface array, and after passing through a structural color coating to produce different colors, the filtered light is transmitted to the sawtooth grating array through an intermediate medium. The sawtooth grating array is used to deflect the incident natural light into the indoor space after refraction through the inclined surface. Both the convex freeform surface array and the sawtooth grating array include n unit structures, which are one-to-one corresponding, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.

[0096] More specifically: the two arrayed surfaces modulate different phases of the incident light. Specifically, the first convex freeform surface array adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as , ( , () represents the position of the incident wavefront of the freeform surface array. f 1 represents the equivalent lens focal length in the first convex freeform surface array. λ The center wavelength of natural light θ 1 represents the incident angle of the incident light on the first convex freeform surface; the second sawtooth grating array surface adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as , λ The center wavelength of natural light The position of the incident wavefront of the sawtooth surface array. θ 2 represents the incident light angle.

[0097] More specifically: different positions on the first convex free surface ( , thickness The expression is , r 1 is the radius of the surface. α 1 represents the inclination angle of the first convex freeform surface. The surface shape can be spherical, parabolic, or other forms. The radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the lens array and the freeform surface array. Different positions on a single structural unit of the sawtooth surface array ( , thickness The expression is , θ The angle between the two grating surfaces that form the sawtooth grating is used to refract light so that it propagates horizontally.

[0098] More specifically: the front and rear surface array is a square full aperture array with a filling rate of 95% or more, and the two uniform light base surface arrays are one-to-one corresponding, and the surface type center position matches the optical axis.

[0099] More specifically: the main component of the structural color coating is silica (SiO2) microspheres with different particle sizes, which macroscopically appears as a thin film with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm.

[0100] More specifically: in order to verify the effect of the above-mentioned device of the application, the curvature radius of the first convex free-form surface array is r1= 1 mm, the surface type inclination angle is α 1= 10°, the sawtooth grating surface inclination angle is θ = 35°, the convex free-form surface array and the sawtooth grating array are one-to-one corresponding, the spacing between the two planes is 1.5 mm, the array size is 1 mm* 1 mm, a 5*5 array is selected, ZF6 glass is selected as the material, and the schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 9 .

[0101] The application provides a color natural light uniformization illumination device based on structural color, which can be used as an illumination curtain, an indoor louver, and a window glass, etc. The uniformization illumination device is composed of three parts, including two uniform light bases and a structural color coating. The uniform light base includes front and rear array-form surfaces. The outdoor uniform light base is used for collecting outdoor natural light and conducting the natural light to the indoor uniform light base through an intermediate medium. The array on the inner surface of the indoor uniform light base can refract and deflect the incident natural light to the indoor space. The structural color coating is located between the two uniform light bases, and can produce stable coloring through the interaction between light and periodic structure while transmitting visible light. The application can efficiently collect high-angle natural light, realize indoor uniform light illumination, produce color patterns with high stability, low discoloration, low biological toxicity, and wide color gamut, produce beautiful and elegant customized patterned illumination, reduce energy consumption, and has good practicability.

[0102] Although the embodiments disclosed in the application are as above, the content is only for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the application, and is not used to limit the application. Any person skilled in the art of the application can make any modification and change in the form and details without departing from the core technical solutions disclosed in the application. However, the protection scope of the application is still limited by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A colored natural light homogenization lighting device based on structural colors, characterized in that, The device includes a first light-diffusing substrate (1), a second light-diffusing substrate (3), and a structural color coating (2) sandwiched therebetween. The first light-diffusing substrate (1), which is in direct contact with the outdoors, is a single-plane, freeform surface array, or lens array. The second light-diffusing substrate (3), which is in direct contact with the indoor environment, is a freeform surface array, lens array, or sawtooth grating array. The first light-diffusing substrate (1) is used to collect outdoor high-angle natural light and generate specific color spectrum illumination through the structural color coating (2), which is then transmitted to the second light-diffusing substrate (3). The second light-diffusing substrate (3) is used to deflect the incident natural light into the indoor space after refraction through the inclined surface. The array of freeform surfaces is in the form of convex or concave freeform surfaces. The convex freeform surface refracts light in the horizontal direction through refraction. Different positions on the convex freeform surface ( , thickness d The expression for 1 is ,in n For refractive index, r 1 represents the radius of curvature at the vertex of the convex freeform surface. θ 1 represents the surface inclination angle of a convex freeform surface, which allows light to propagate horizontally through refraction. The radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates; different positions on the concave freeform surface ( , thickness d The expression for 2 is ,in n For refractive index, r 2 is the radius of curvature of the vertex of the concave freeform surface. θ 2 is the surface tilt angle of the concave freeform surface, which allows light to propagate horizontally through refraction, and the radius of curvature is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates; The lens array has either a convex lens or a concave lens, and the convex lens has different positions ( , thickness The expression is , r 3 represents the radius of curvature, which is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates; different positions on the concave lens ( , thickness The expression for 2 is , r 4 represents the radius of curvature, which is 1-5 times the minimum distance between the working surfaces of the two uniform light substrates; Different positions on a single structural unit of the sawtooth grating array ( , thickness The expression is , θ 3 represents the angle between the two grating surfaces that form the sawtooth grating, with a value ranging from 20° to 70°.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: For natural light homogenizing substrates of different surface shapes, the freeform surface array adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as , ( , () represents the position of the incident wavefront of the freeform surface array. f 1 represents the equivalent lens focal length in a freeform surface array. λ The center wavelength of natural light α 1 represents the incident angle of natural light on the freeform surface; the lens array adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as , ( , () represents the position of the incident wavefront of the lens array. λ The center wavelength of natural light f 2 represents the lens focal length; the sawtooth grating array adds phase modulation to the incident light. It can be represented as , λ The center wavelength of natural light The position of the incident wavefront of the sawtooth surface array. α 3 represents the incident angle of natural light on the sawtooth surface.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working plane of the first uniform light substrate (1) always faces the direction of natural light incident, and the normal of the working plane forms an acute angle with the incident natural light.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: For natural light uniform substrates with different surface shapes, except for the case where the first uniform substrate (1) is a single plane, the working plane array of the two uniform substrates is a square full-aperture array with a filling rate of more than 95%, and the surface shapes of the two uniform substrates correspond one to one, with the center position of the surface shape matching the optical axis.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural color coating (2) is obtained by curing a uniform structural color three-dimensional photonic crystal solution; wherein the three-dimensional photonic crystal is a photonic bandgap material that is periodically arranged in space, and the size of its periodic structure is comparable to the wavelength of visible light, which can reflect visible light within the photonic bandgap range, and a color covering the entire visible light range is obtained by using a chemical material.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The three-dimensional photonic crystal takes the form of colloidal microspheres, which can be organic or inorganic. The microspheres have uniform particle size, good monodispersity, and the particle size can be precisely controlled within the range of 50~500 nm.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: Organic microspheres include polystyrene (PS) microspheres, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microspheres, and polydopamine (PDA) microspheres; macroscopically they appear as coatings of various colors, and microscopically they are arrays of polymer microspheres of the same size, with the coating color related to the particle size of the microspheres in the array.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: Inorganic microspheres include: silicon dioxide (SiO2) microspheres, iron(III) oxide (Fe3O4) microspheres, cuprous oxide (Cu2O) microspheres, zinc sulfide (ZnS) microspheres, zinc oxide (ZnO) microspheres, cadmium sulfide (CdS) microspheres, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) microspheres. Macroscopically, they appear as coatings of various colors, and microscopically, they are arrays of polymer microspheres of the same particle size. The color of the coating is related to the particle size of the microspheres in the array.

9. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structural color coating (2) is a periodic array formed by the self-assembly of monodisperse colloidal microspheres.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Outdoor natural light is collected by the working plane of the first uniform light substrate (1) and transmitted to the structural color coating (2) through the intermediate medium; the structural color coating (2) presents a stable color through the physical and optical properties of the material's fine structure; The light passing through the structural color coating (2) is deflected into the indoor space after passing through the second uniform light substrate (3), thus achieving uniform illumination of the incident light.

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