A turning device for machining shaft rod parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shaft rod processing, and discloses a turning device for machining shaft rod parts, comprising a frame, a centering pointed rod and a top rod for clamping two ends of a shaft member are arranged on the frame, a centering casing is installed on the frame, a centering disk is installed on the end of the centering casing, the centering pointed rod and the centering disk are coaxially installed, a driving casing and a driving motor are installed on the side of the frame away from the centering casing, a driving shaft is rotatably plugged into the driving casing, the driving shaft is transmission-connected to the driving motor, the top rod is movably plugged into the driving shaft, a clamping seat is installed on the side of the driving casing adjacent to the centering casing, a claw for increasing the clamping effect of the shaft member is slidably installed on the clamping seat, the top rod is transmission-connected to the claw, and when the shaft member contacts and resists the top rod and moves, the claw is triggered to move, thereby achieving the effect of shaft side clamping, and the setting of the clamping ball can reduce the wear or adverse effect on the shaft member itself.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shaft rod processing, in particular to a turning device used for processing shaft rod parts. Background Art

[0002] When designing a turning device for machining shaft parts, multiple key factors need to be considered to ensure machining efficiency, accuracy, and safety. As the main equipment for machining, the lathe provides a platform for workpiece rotation and tool feeding. Different types of lathes can be selected according to machining requirements, such as horizontal lathes, vertical lathes, etc. On the lathe, a fixture will be installed to fix the workpiece to ensure the stability and accuracy of the workpiece during machining. Currently, a drive center is commonly used for turning and clamping shaft parts. The drive center is a workpiece fixture installed on the machine tool spindle. It is usually used in conjunction with the tailstock center. It is mainly used to transfer the torque generated by the machine tool spindle to the workpiece being machined between the two centers. This fixture is particularly suitable for one-time clamping and full-length machining of shaft parts.

[0003] When the existing shaft parts are turned, if the cutting force is too large, the shaft parts may be clamped unsteadily during turning, thus affecting the turning accuracy; therefore, it does not meet the existing needs. In this regard, we propose a turning device for shaft parts processing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a turning device for machining shaft rod parts, which has the beneficial effect of automatically strengthening the clamping effect of the shaft parts and improving the turning stability. It solves the problem mentioned in the above background technology that when the existing shaft rod parts are turned, if the cutting force is too large, the shaft parts may be clamped unstably during turning, thereby affecting the turning accuracy.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical scheme: a turning device for machining shaft rod parts, comprising a frame, the frame is provided with a centering point rod and a centering rod for clamping two ends of the shaft part, a centering housing is installed on the frame, a centering disk is installed at the end of the centering housing, the centering point rod and the centering disk are coaxially installed, a driving housing and a driving motor are installed on the side of the frame away from the centering housing, a driving shaft is rotatably plugged on the driving housing, the driving shaft is transmission-connected with the driving motor, the centering rod is movably plugged with the driving shaft, a clamping seat is installed on the side of the driving housing adjacent to the centering housing, a claw for increasing the clamping effect of the shaft part is slidably installed on the clamping seat, the centering rod is transmission-connected with the claw, and an end face tool rest is provided on the end face of the driving shaft;

[0006] An electric slide is slidably mounted on the frame, and a turning tool holder for mounting a turning tool head is rotatably mounted on the electric slide;

[0007] When the shaft member contacts the top rod and moves toward the driving shaft, the clamping claw moves toward the top rod.

[0008] As an optional scheme of a turning device for machining shaft rod parts described in the present invention, wherein: the driving shaft is configured as a hollow shaft, a piston ring is provided in the middle of the top rod, the piston ring is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the driving shaft, a base plate is provided at the tail end of the top rod, the top rod is plugged into the driving shaft, a sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the driving shaft, an air cavity is formed between the sealing ring and the piston ring, a return spring is installed between the bottom plate and the sealing ring, a buffer is installed inside the driving shaft, and the bottom plate is in contact with the buffer.

[0009] As an optional solution of a turning device for machining shaft rod parts described in the present invention, the clamping jaws are arranged in a circular array on the clamping seat with the top rod as the center, and the clamping jaws are slidably installed with the clamping seat, and a clamping ball is installed on the end of the clamping jaw adjacent to the top rod.

[0010] As an optional scheme of a turning device for machining shaft rod parts described in the present invention, wherein: a vent hole is provided on the inner wall of the driving shaft, an air guide tube intermittently matched with the vent hole is provided on the inner wall of the clamping seat, an air distribution channel is provided inside the clamping seat, the air distribution channel is connected with the air guide tube, a hollow groove is provided at the bottom of the clamping claw, a fixed plate is fixedly installed on the side of the clamping seat, the fixed plate is located inside the hollow groove, an air bag is installed on the side of the fixed plate adjacent to the top rod, a push plate is installed on the side of the air bag, an air supply tube is connected between the air bag and the air distribution channel, and a movable spring for resetting is installed on the other side of the fixed plate.

[0011] As an optional scheme of a turning device for processing shaft rod parts described in the present invention, wherein: a first screw slide and a second screw slide are installed on the side of the frame, a first screw slider is slidably installed on the first screw slide, a second screw slider is slidably installed on the second screw slide, the first screw slider is assembled and connected to the electric slide, the centering housing is installed on the second screw slider, a turning motor is slidably installed on the electric slide, and the turning motor drives the turning tool holder to rotate; a transmission belt is installed together with the drive motor and the drive shaft, and the drive motor drives the drive shaft to rotate through the transmission belt.

[0012] As an optional solution of a turning device for processing shaft rod parts described in the present invention, a slide seat is slidably installed on the electric slide, a vertical plate is installed on the slide seat, an auxiliary arm is installed on the side of the slide seat adjacent to the turning tool holder, a caliper for auxiliary clamping is installed on the end of the auxiliary arm, the caliper is set as an arc-shaped caliper, and a plurality of auxiliary balls are installed on the arc surface of the caliper.

[0013] As an optional solution of a turning device for machining shaft parts according to the present invention, wherein: a sliding arm is installed on the side of the vertical plate, an auxiliary plate is provided on the side of the frame, the sliding arm is slidably plugged with the auxiliary plate, and a track groove for guiding the sliding position of the sliding arm is provided on the auxiliary plate;

[0014] A reset plate is installed on the electric slide, a return spring is installed on the side of the reset plate, and the end of the return spring is connected to the vertical plate.

[0015] As an optional solution of a turning device for processing shaft rod parts described in the present invention, the trajectory groove includes a first slide groove and a second slide groove, the groove depth of the second slide groove is deeper than that of the first slide groove, the first slide groove is provided with two sections, two first slide grooves are provided on both sides of the second slide groove, and the first slide groove and the second slide groove are chamfered and connected.

[0016] As an optional solution of a turning device for machining shaft parts according to the present invention, wherein: the sliding arm is slidably matched with the track groove;

[0017] When the end of the shaft is turned, the sliding arm is located in the first sliding groove, the caliper is close to the shaft, and the caliper and the turning tool holder are located on both sides of the shaft respectively;

[0018] When the middle part of the shaft is turned, the sliding arm is located in the second sliding groove, and the caliper is away from the shaft.

[0019] As an optional solution of a turning device for machining shaft parts described in the present invention, a shock absorber for adapting to the diameter of the shaft part is arranged in the middle of the auxiliary arm, and the shock absorber is arranged as a hydraulic shock absorber.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The turning device for machining shaft rod parts can install turning heads of various specifications on the turning tool holder through the setting of the turning motor and the turning tool holder. During turning, the turning motor rotates the turning tool holder to quickly change the type of the turning head, flexibly realize various types of turning, and improve the turning effect. The automatic movement of the centering housing and the movement of the electric slide are realized through the setting of the first screw slide and the second screw slide. The movement of the turning tool holder position and the automatic clamping of the shaft are realized through the cooperation of the top rod and the centering tip rod. Manual work only needs to complete the loading and unloading of the shaft, thereby improving the efficiency of the shaft turning processing;

[0022] Different from the prior art, the present invention has a plurality of claws slidingly arranged on the clamping seat, and the movement of the claws is driven by the top rod. In the process of the shaft member contacting and resisting the movement of the top rod, the gas in the air cavity is compressed into the air bag, causing the air bag to expand, thereby triggering the movement of the claws until the clamping balls on the claws contact the shaft member, thereby achieving the effect of shaft side clamping. Moreover, by setting the clamping balls, when the shaft member rotates, the friction force is reduced by rolling, which can not only improve the stability of clamping, but also reduce the wear or adverse effects on the shaft member itself.

[0023] 2. The turning device used for machining shaft rod parts has a slide seat installed on an electric slide. When turning the shaft rod, calipers can be used to assist in clamping. That is, the calipers and the turning cutter heads are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the shaft rod. When the turning cutter head turns the shaft rod on one side, the calipers provide support on the other side, thereby enhancing the stability of the shaft rod when it is subjected to force, and further improving the stability of the shaft rod turning process. Even if the feed force of the cutter head is large, the coaxiality of the shaft rod can be guaranteed through the support of the calipers, thereby improving the turning process accuracy of the shaft rod. In addition, through the setting of auxiliary balls, the friction force can be reduced by rolling, thereby reducing the wear on the shaft rod.

[0024] 3. The turning device for machining shaft parts, through the setting of the auxiliary plate and the track groove, the first slide groove and the second slide groove have different depths, so that the distance between the caliper and the shaft member will change. Therefore, when the sliding arm is located in the first slide groove, the caliper is close to the shaft member, and the auxiliary ball contacts the shaft member to provide support for it. When the sliding arm is located in the second slide groove, the caliper is far away from the shaft member and has no impact on the shaft member.

[0025] In this way, when the two ends of the shaft are subjected to turning force, the caliper automatically approaches the shaft to provide support for the ends of the shaft, further improving the turning stability, and preventing the shaft from being deformed, bent or broken under force, thereby improving the stability and reliability of shaft parts during turning, optimizing the design, and improving processing efficiency and product quality; and when turning to the middle of the shaft and the risk is reduced, the caliper will automatically move away to reduce the adverse effects of support on the shaft. This solution timely automates the auxiliary clamping of the shaft, thereby improving the turning stability of the shaft as much as possible, and minimizing the adverse effects of clamping on shaft processing as much as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the auxiliary plate of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a side view stereoscopic structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure cut away from top view of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the caliper of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the top cross-sectional structure in the normal state of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the top tip during clamping of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0034] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 1 A is an enlarged structural diagram of FIG.

[0035] Fig.10 For the present invention Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B.

[0036] In the figure: 110, frame; 120, drive housing; 121, drive motor; 130, centering housing; 140, electric slide; 150, turning motor; 161, first screw slide; 162, second screw slide; 171, first screw slider; 172, second screw slider; 180, transmission belt; 190, turning tool holder; 210, centering plate; 220, centering tip rod; 310, clamping seat; 320, drive shaft; 321, sealing ring; 330, tip rod; 331, piston ring; 332, bottom plate; 333, buffer; 334, return spring; 335, through Air hole; 340, air cavity; 341, air guide tube; 350, claw; 360, clamping ball; 370, air distribution channel; 380, end tool support; 410, hollow groove; 420, air bag; 430, movable spring; 440, air supply pipe; 450, push plate; 460, fixed plate; 510, slide seat; 520, vertical plate; 530, auxiliary arm; 540, caliper; 550, auxiliary ball; 560, sliding arm; 570, reset plate; 580, return spring; 590, shock absorber; 610, auxiliary plate; 620, track groove; 621, first slide groove; 622, second slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1: This embodiment is intended to solve the problem that when the existing shaft parts are turned, if the cutting force is too large, the shaft parts may be clamped unsteadily during turning, thereby affecting the turning accuracy. Figure 1-Figure 10 A turning device for machining shaft parts includes a frame 110, on which a centering point rod 220 and a centering rod 330 for clamping both ends of the shaft are arranged, a centering housing 130 is installed on the frame 110, a centering plate 210 is installed at the end of the centering housing 130, and the centering point rod 220 is coaxially installed with the centering plate 210. A driving housing 120 and a driving motor 121 are installed on the side of the frame 110 away from the centering housing 130, a driving shaft 320 is rotatably plugged into the driving housing 120, the driving shaft 320 is transmission-connected to the driving motor 121, and the centering rod 330 is movably plugged into the driving shaft 320, a clamping seat 310 is installed on the side of the driving housing 120 adjacent to the centering housing 130, a claw 350 for increasing the clamping effect of the shaft is slidably installed on the clamping seat 310, and the centering rod 330 is transmission-connected to the claw 350. See Fig. 9 The end surface of the driving shaft 320 is provided with an end surface tool holder 380 .

[0039] An electric slide 140 is slidably mounted on the frame 110, and a turning tool holder 190 for mounting a turning tool head is rotatably mounted on the electric slide 140. A plurality of turning tool heads of different specifications can be detachably mounted on the turning tool holder 190. During turning, the turning tool holder 190 is rotated by the turning motor 150, thereby quickly changing the type of the turning tool head, flexibly realizing various types of turning, and improving the turning effect.

[0040] When the shaft member contacts the top rod 330 and moves toward the driving shaft 320 , the claw 350 moves toward the top rod 330 .

[0041] For specific settings, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The driving shaft 320 is set as a hollow shaft, a piston ring 331 is set in the middle of the top rod 330, the piston ring 331 is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the driving shaft 320, a bottom plate 332 is set at the tail end of the top rod 330, the top rod 330 is plugged with the driving shaft 320, a sealing ring 321 is set on the inner wall of the driving shaft 320, an air cavity 340 is formed between the sealing ring 321 and the piston ring 331, a return spring 334 is installed between the bottom plate 332 and the sealing ring 321, a buffer 333 is installed inside the driving shaft 320, and the bottom plate 332 is in contact with the buffer 333. The buffer 333 is set as an elastic sponge or an elastic rubber pad.

[0042] The clamping claws 350 are arranged in a circular array on the clamping seat 310 with the top rod 330 as the center, and the clamping claws 350 are slidably installed with the clamping seat 310. A clamping ball 360 is installed at the end of the clamping claw 350 adjacent to the top rod 330.

[0043] See Fig.10 A vent hole 335 is provided on the inner wall of the driving shaft 320, and an air guide tube 341 intermittently matched with the vent hole 335 is provided on the inner wall of the clamping seat 310. An air distribution channel 370 is provided inside the clamping seat 310, and the air distribution channel 370 is communicated with the air guide tube 341. A hollow groove 410 is provided at the bottom of the clamping claw 350, and a fixed plate 460 is fixedly installed on the side of the clamping seat 310, and the fixed plate 460 is located inside the hollow groove 410. An air bag 420 is installed on one side of the fixed plate 460 adjacent to the top rod 330, and a push plate 450 is installed on the side of the air bag 420. An air supply pipe 440 is connected between the air bag 420 and the air distribution channel 370, and a movable spring 430 for resetting is installed on the other side of the fixed plate 460.

[0044] During the process of the shaft contacting and resisting the top rod 330, the gas in the air cavity 340 is compressed into the airbag 420, causing the airbag 420 to expand, and the push plate 450 pushes the claw 350 to move, thereby triggering the claw 350 to move until the clamping ball 360 on the claw 350 contacts the shaft. After the processing is completed, the centering tip rod 220 leaves the shaft and the shaft is taken out.

[0045] A first screw slide 161 and a second screw slide 162 are installed on the side of the frame 110, a first screw slider 171 is slidably installed on the first screw slide 161, a second screw slider 172 is slidably installed on the second screw slide 162, the first screw slider 171 is assembled and connected with the electric slide 140, the centering housing 130 is installed on the second screw slider 172, a turning motor 150 is slidably installed on the electric slide 140, and the turning motor 150 drives the turning tool holder 190 to rotate; the drive motor 121 and the drive shaft 320 are jointly installed with a transmission belt 180, and the drive motor 121 drives the drive shaft 320 to rotate through the transmission belt 180.

[0046] It should be noted that the vent hole 335 and the opening of the air guide pipe 341 are aligned and connected before each shaft processing.

[0047] In this embodiment: through the setting of the turning motor 150 and the turning tool holder 190, turning heads of various specifications can be installed on the turning tool holder 190. During turning, the turning motor 150 rotates the turning tool holder 190, so as to quickly change the type of turning head, flexibly realize various types of turning, and improve the turning effect. Through the setting of the first screw slide 161 and the second screw slide 162, the automatic movement of the centering housing 130 and the movement of the electric slide 140 are realized. Through the cooperation of the top rod 330 and the centering tip rod 220, the movement of the turning tool holder 190 and the automatic clamping of the shaft are realized. Manual work only needs to complete the loading and unloading of the shaft, which improves the turning processing of the shaft. In order to improve efficiency, the present invention is different from the prior art in that a plurality of claws 350 are slidingly arranged on the clamping seat 310, and the movement of the claws 350 is driven by the top rod 330. When the shaft member contacts and abuts against the top rod 330, the gas in the air cavity 340 is compressed into the airbag 420, causing the airbag 420 to expand, thereby triggering the movement of the claws 350 until the clamping balls 360 on the claws 350 contact the shaft member, thereby achieving the effect of shaft side clamping. Moreover, by setting the clamping balls 360, when the shaft member rotates, the friction force is reduced by rolling, which can not only improve the stability of clamping, but also reduce the wear or adverse effects on the shaft member itself.

[0048] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is intended to solve the problem that during the turning process, the shaft is subjected to multiple forces, including cutting force, gravity, and top tightening force. The combined effect of these forces may cause the shaft to bend or become unstable, especially when the end of the shaft is processed, which is more prone to instability. This embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of embodiment 1. For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10 A slide seat 510 is slidably installed on the electric slide 140, a vertical plate 520 is installed on the slide seat 510, an auxiliary arm 530 is installed on the side of the slide seat 510 adjacent to the turning tool holder 190, a caliper 540 for auxiliary clamping is installed at the end of the auxiliary arm 530, the caliper 540 is set as an arc-shaped bracket, and a number of auxiliary balls 550 are installed on the arc surface of the caliper 540.

[0049] For specific settings, see Figure 5A shock absorber 590 for adapting to the diameter of the shaft is arranged in the middle of the auxiliary arm 530. The shock absorber 590 is arranged as a hydraulic shock absorber, which is mainly composed of an upper support, a piston rod, hydraulic oil, a piston, an oil storage cylinder, a pressure cylinder, a bottom valve, a lower support and a flow valve. It is a prior art product. The hydraulic shock absorber converts vibration energy into heat energy through the flow and friction of the liquid, thereby achieving a shock absorbing effect. In this solution, since the entire shaft body is not subjected to the same turning style during turning, usually each part has a different degree of turning, which will result in different diameters of the shaft rod in different places during the turning process. Through the setting of the shock absorber 590, the clamping can be adaptively adjusted to adapt to the diameters of different parts of the shaft.

[0050] In this embodiment: by installing a slide seat 510 on the electric slide 140, when turning the shaft, the caliper 540 can be used to assist in clamping, that is, the caliper 540 and the turning tool head are symmetrical on both sides of the shaft, when the turning tool head turns the shaft on one side, the caliper 540 provides support on the other side, thereby enhancing the stability of the shaft when it is subjected to force, and further improving the stability of the shaft turning process. Even if the tool head feed force is large, the coaxiality of the shaft can be guaranteed through the support of the caliper 540, thereby improving the turning accuracy of the shaft; not only that, through the setting of the auxiliary ball 550, the friction force can be reduced by rolling, thereby reducing the wear on the shaft rod.

[0051] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is intended to promote the solution of the problem that even if the auxiliary ball 550 is provided, the surface of the shaft will still be scratched and worn. This embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of embodiment 2. For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10 A sliding arm 560 is installed on the side of the vertical plate 520, and an auxiliary plate 610 is provided on the side of the frame 110. The sliding arm 560 is slidably plugged with the auxiliary plate 610, and a track groove 620 for guiding the sliding position of the sliding arm 560 is opened on the auxiliary plate 610;

[0052] A reset plate 570 is installed on the electric slide 140 , a return spring 580 is installed on the side of the reset plate 570 , and the end of the return spring 580 is connected to the vertical plate 520 .

[0053] The track groove 620 includes a first groove 621 and a second groove 622. The groove depth of the second groove 622 is deeper than that of the first groove 621. The first groove 621 is provided with two sections. The two first grooves 621 are provided on both sides of the second groove 622, and the first groove 621 and the second groove 622 are connected by a chamfer.

[0054] The sliding arm 560 is slidably matched with the track groove 620. When the end of the shaft is turned, the sliding arm 560 is located in the first slide groove 621, at which time the caliper 540 is close to the shaft, and the caliper 540 and the turning tool holder 190 are respectively located on both sides of the shaft; when the middle of the shaft is turned, the sliding arm 560 is located in the second slide groove 622, at which time the caliper 540 is far away from the shaft.

[0055] In this embodiment: through the setting of the auxiliary plate 610 and the track groove 620, due to the different depths of the first slide groove 621 and the second slide groove 622, the sliding arm 560 will be displaced when moving along the track groove 620, so that the distance between the caliper 540 and the shaft will change, and since the positions of the first slide groove 621 and the second slide groove 622 are different, and the position of the first slide groove 621 corresponds to the two ends of the shaft rod, therefore, the sliding arm 560 is located in the first slide groove 621, the caliper 540 is close to the shaft, and the auxiliary ball 550 contacts the shaft to provide support for it, and when the sliding arm 560 is located in the second slide groove 622, the caliper 540 is away from the shaft and has no impact on the shaft.

[0056] In this way, when the two ends of the shaft are subjected to turning force, the caliper 540 automatically approaches the shaft to provide support for the ends of the shaft, further improving the turning stability, and preventing the shaft from being deformed, bent or broken under force, thereby improving the stability and reliability of shaft parts during turning, optimizing the design, and improving processing efficiency and product quality; and when turning to the middle of the shaft and the risk is reduced, the caliper 540 will automatically move away to reduce the adverse effects of the support on the shaft. This solution timely automates the auxiliary clamping of the shaft, thereby improving the turning stability of the shaft as much as possible, and minimizing the adverse effects of clamping on the shaft processing as much as possible.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turning device for machining shaft parts, comprising a frame (110), wherein the frame (110) is provided with a centering tip rod (220) and a tip rod (330) for clamping two ends of the shaft part, wherein: A centering housing (130) is mounted on the frame (110), a centering plate (210) is mounted on the end of the centering housing (130), the centering pointed rod (220) is mounted coaxially with the centering plate (210), a driving housing (120) and a driving motor (121) are mounted on a side of the frame (110) away from the centering housing (130), a driving shaft (320) is rotatably plugged into the driving housing (120), and the driving shaft (320) is rotatably plugged into the driving housing (120). The centering housing (130) is connected to the centering housing (130) by transmission, the centering housing (130) is movably plugged with the centering housing (130), a clamping seat (310) is installed on the side of the centering housing (130) adjacent to the centering housing (130), a claw (350) is slidably installed on the clamping seat (310) for increasing the clamping effect of the shaft, the centering housing (330) is connected to the claw (350) by transmission, and an end face tool holder (380) is provided on the end face of the drive shaft (320); An electric slide table (140) is slidably mounted on the frame (110), and a turning tool holder (190) for mounting a turning tool head is rotatably mounted on the electric slide table (140); When the shaft member contacts the top rod (330) and moves toward the driving shaft (320), the claw (350) moves toward the top rod (330); The drive shaft (320) is configured as a hollow shaft, a piston ring (331) is provided in the middle of the top rod (330), the piston ring (331) is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the drive shaft (320), a bottom plate (332) is provided at the tail end of the top rod (330), the top rod (330) is plugged into the drive shaft (320), a sealing ring (321) is provided on the inner wall of the drive shaft (320), an air cavity (340) is formed between the sealing ring (321) and the piston ring (331), a return spring (334) is installed between the bottom plate (332) and the sealing ring (321), a buffer (333) is installed inside the drive shaft (320), and the bottom plate (332) is in contact with the buffer (333); The clamping claws (350) are arranged in a circular array on the clamping seat (310) with the top rod (330) as the center, and the clamping claws (350) are slidably mounted on the clamping seat (310), and a clamping ball (360) is mounted on the end of the clamping claw (350) adjacent to the top rod (330); The inner wall of the driving shaft (320) is provided with an air vent (335), the inner wall of the clamping seat (310) is provided with an air guide tube (341) intermittently matched with the air vent (335), an air distribution channel (370) is provided inside the clamping seat (310), and the air distribution channel (370) is communicated with the air guide tube (341), a hollow groove (410) is provided at the bottom of the clamping claw (350), and a side of the clamping seat (310) is fixedly mounted with a fixed plate (460), the fixed plate (460) being located inside the hollow groove (410), an air bag (420) being installed on one side of the fixed plate (460) adjacent to the top rod (330), a push plate (450) being installed on the side of the air bag (420), an air delivery pipe (440) being connected between the air bag (420) and the air distribution channel (370), and a movable spring (430) for resetting being installed on the other side of the fixed plate (460); A first screw slide (161) and a second screw slide (162) are installed on the side of the frame (110); a first screw slider (171) is slidably installed on the first screw slide (161); a second screw slider (172) is slidably installed on the second screw slide (162); the first screw slider (171) is assembled and connected with the electric slide (140); the centering housing (130) is installed on the second screw slider (172); a turning motor (150) is slidably installed on the electric slide (140); the turning motor (150) drives the turning tool holder (190) to rotate; a transmission belt (180) is installed together with the drive motor (121) and the drive shaft (320); the drive motor (121) drives the drive shaft (320) to rotate through the transmission belt (180); A slide seat (510) is slidably mounted on the electric slide (140), a vertical plate (520) is mounted on the slide seat (510), an auxiliary arm (530) is mounted on a side of the slide seat (510) adjacent to the turning tool holder (190), a caliper (540) for auxiliary clamping is mounted on the end of the auxiliary arm (530), the caliper (540) is configured as an arc-shaped bracket, and a plurality of auxiliary balls (550) are mounted on the arc surface of the caliper (540); A sliding arm (560) is installed on the side of the vertical plate (520), an auxiliary plate (610) is provided on the side of the frame (110), the sliding arm (560) is slidably plugged into the auxiliary plate (610), and a track groove (620) for guiding the sliding position of the sliding arm (560) is provided on the auxiliary plate (610); A reset plate (570) is installed on the electric slide (140), a return spring (580) is installed on the side of the reset plate (570), and an end of the return spring (580) is connected to the vertical plate (520).

2. A turning device for machining shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track groove (620) comprises a first slide groove (621) and a second slide groove (622), the groove depth of the second slide groove (622) is deeper than that of the first slide groove (621), the first slide groove (621) is provided with two sections, two first slide grooves (621) are provided on both sides of the second slide groove (622), and the first slide groove (621) and the second slide groove (622) are connected by a chamfer.

3. A turning device for machining shaft parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding arm (560) is slidably matched with the track groove (620); When the end of the shaft is turned, the sliding arm (560) is located in the first slide groove (621), the caliper (540) is close to the shaft, and the caliper (540) and the turning tool holder (190) are respectively located on both sides of the shaft; When the middle portion of the shaft is being turned, the sliding arm (560) is located in the second sliding groove (622), and the caliper (540) is now away from the shaft.

4. A turning device for machining shaft parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: A shock absorber (590) for adapting to the diameter of the shaft member is arranged in the middle of the auxiliary arm (530), and the shock absorber (590) is arranged as a hydraulic shock absorber.

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