A reinforcing and righting construction method for a residual inclined brick wall of a historical building

Abstract

A kind of reinforcing and righting construction method of historical building residual inclined brick wall, steps are as follows: step one, according to the inclined part, wall is segmented and layered.Step two, according to the drawing, the position of the hole in wall is positioned.Step three, after the hole in wall is opened, the installation of new cross beam is carried out, cross beam is correspondingly arranged on the both sides of wall, and the cross beam on each side of wall is arranged in a group along vertical direction;The cross beam on both sides of wall is initially connected by first pair of tension bolts;Meanwhile, temporary support is constructed on both sides of wall, and the lower end of temporary support is hingedly connected with ground.Step four, the foundation is grouted and reinforced:Step five, the wall foundation is reinforced:Step six, the steel frame on both sides of wall is constructed:Step seven, the wall cap at damaged part is removed:Step eight, the deviation correction of wall is constructed:Step nine, the fixation of steel frame:Step ten, the recovery of wall cap.The present application solves the technical problems that traditional repair method affects the overall stability and appearance of wall and over-repair cannot guarantee the original appearance of wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and specifically relates to a method for reinforcing and straightening a tilted brick wall remaining in a historical building. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the construction industry, urban renewal projects are becoming a hot trend in urban construction and an important project for promoting sustainable urban development. Urban renewal involves not only renovation and transformation, but also, in many cases, the preservation and protection of cultural relics and heritage. One urban renewal project involves a section of the original Dongyue Temple wall, dating back to the Qing Dynasty. This old wall uses a stone foundation, but due to the limited materials and simple construction techniques of the early period, the shallow burial depth, coupled with years of disrepair, weathering of the bonding mortar, and uneven settlement of the foundation, it has developed a significant tilt, seriously affecting its overall stability. Ancient wall restoration techniques play a crucial role in protecting and restoring historical heritage, but in practice, many challenges and problems remain. For example: 1. Material compatibility issues: Using modern materials to replace ancient building materials may lead to inconsistent physical and chemical properties, affecting the overall stability and appearance of the wall; additionally, compatibility issues between new materials and original materials may cause new damage or accelerate the aging of old materials. 2. Over-repair: Currently, some renovation projects, in pursuit of visual appeal, easily engage in over-repair, neglecting respect for the original materials and craftsmanship. Furthermore, over-repair may damage the historical value and cultural significance of ancient walls, causing them to lose their original appearance and characteristics. In the process of reinforcing and repairing the walls of this old building, we continuously explored and summarized our experience. Based on the influence of different masonry techniques, varying degrees of tilt, different geological conditions, and construction environments, we developed a steel structure reinforcement and straightening technique for remaining tilted walls. This method effectively reduces construction costs, shortens the construction period, and is environmentally friendly, aligning with the basic national policy of low-carbon and energy-saving practices, and has a very promising application prospect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for reinforcing and straightening tilted brick walls remaining in historical buildings, in order to solve the technical problems of traditional repair methods affecting the overall stability and appearance of the wall, and the difficulty in ensuring the original appearance of the wall due to excessive repair.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0005] A method for reinforcing and straightening a leaning brick wall remaining in a historical building is characterized by including: reinforcement of the foundation, reinforcement of the wall foundation, construction of the steel frame, and straightening of the wall; the specific steps are as follows.

[0006] Step 1: Determine the inclined sections of the wall and divide the wall into sections and layers according to the inclined sections.

[0007] Step two: Locate the opening position on the wall according to the drawings.

[0008] Step 3: After opening the hole in the wall, install the new horizontal beams. The horizontal beams are set on both sides of the wall, with a set of horizontal beams arranged vertically on each side of the wall. The horizontal beams on both sides of the wall are initially connected by the first tie bolts. Meanwhile, temporary supports are constructed on both sides of the wall, with the lower ends of the temporary supports hinged to the ground.

[0009] Step 4: Grouting reinforcement of the foundation: First, arrange double-liquid grouting pipes and single-liquid grouting pipes sequentially from the inside to the outside on both sides of the construction wall; arrange the double-liquid grouting pipes at intervals along the long axis of the wall at a distance of 450~550mm from the wall; each double-liquid grouting pipe is vertically inserted into the soil; at the same time, arrange the single-liquid grouting pipes at intervals along the long axis of the wall at a distance of 950~1050mm from the wall; each single-liquid grouting pipe is inclined into the soil, and the lower end of the single-liquid grouting pipe extends to the bottom of the foundation; then grout the single-liquid grouting pipes and double-liquid grouting pipes.

[0010] Step 5: Reinforce the wall foundation: Excavate the soil on both sides of the old wall manually to the bottom of the wall foundation. Over-excavation is strictly prohibited. After the excavation is completed, construct the concrete foundation of the wall and embed the first pre-embedded component to facilitate the installation of the steel frame.

[0011] Step Six: Construct the steel frames on both sides of the wall. The steel frame on the inclined side of the wall is installed flush against the wall, while the steel frame on the side facing away from the inclined side is arranged vertically. Each steel frame includes an upper steel frame and a lower steel frame. The upper steel frame is a rectangular grid structure, located at the top of the wall, and consists of a set of upper vertical steel rods and a set of upper horizontal rods. The set of upper vertical steel rods is welded to the corresponding horizontal beam at the top of the wall. The lower steel frame is a rectangular grid structure, consisting of a set of lower vertical steel rods and a set of lower horizontal rods. The set of lower steel frames is welded to the corresponding horizontal beam at the bottom of the wall.

[0012] The construction process of the steel frame is as follows: First, the lower steel frame is fixedly connected to the first pre-embedded component embedded in the wall foundation. Then, the upper vertical steel rod of the upper steel frame and the lower vertical steel rod of the lower steel frame are connected by a connecting plate. The lower part of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the lower steel frame, and the upper part of the connecting plate is temporarily hinged to the upper steel frame.

[0013] Step 7, Remove the wall caps at the damaged areas: Remove the wall caps from the severely damaged areas one by one.

[0014] Step eight, wall correction construction, the specific process is as follows.

[0015] Step 1: Insert a set of horizontal cables at intervals through the wall. One end of the horizontal cable is connected to the steel frame on the inclined side of the wall, and the connection point is set at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical bars of the steel frame.

[0016] Step 2: Apply a horizontal tension to the other end of the horizontal cable, with the tension direction facing away from the inclined side of the wall. While applying the horizontal tension, gradually move the upper support point of the temporary support on the inclined side of the wall.

[0017] Step 3: Stop correcting the wall when it is pulled into contact with the steel frame on the side of the wall that is tilted away from the wall. Tighten the first tie bolts in time and fix the wall with the vertical steel rods on both sides.

[0018] Step 9, fixing the steel frame: change the hinged joints in the steel frame to rigid joints: when the correction is completed, change the hinged joints between the upper and lower steel frames to rigid joints and weld steel plates on both sides of the joints between the upper and lower vertical steel rods to ensure stability.

[0019] Step 10: Restore the wall cap. Construction is now complete.

[0020] Preferably, in step three, before constructing the temporary support, the lower end position of the temporary support is determined by laying out the pre-set support height and angle, the support foundation for connecting the temporary support is poured, and the second pre-embedded component is installed. The lower end of the temporary support is hingedly connected to the second pre-embedded component on the support foundation.

[0021] Preferably, in step three, the temporary support includes diagonal braces; there are multiple sets of diagonal braces, arranged in parallel intervals from top to bottom; a connecting rod is provided between adjacent sets of corresponding diagonal braces; each set of diagonal braces is spaced along the long axis of the wall, and the upper end of the diagonal brace supports the horizontal beam of the wall, while the lower end of the diagonal brace is hinged to the ground; the horizontal rod connects between adjacent diagonal braces; the horizontal beams are installed from top to bottom, and after each horizontal beam is installed, a temporary support is installed, i.e.: first horizontal beam → first set of diagonal braces → second horizontal beam → second diagonal brace…, installed sequentially, and then the connecting rod and the horizontal rod are installed. The lower vertical steel rod can only be installed after the temporary support is installed.

[0022] Preferably, in step four, the foundation is reinforced by compaction grouting. The grout in the single-liquid grouting pipe is cement grout, and the grout in the double-liquid grouting pipe is cement grout + water glass double-liquid grout.

[0023] Preferably, the specific construction method for the steel frame in step six is ​​as follows.

[0024] Step 1, Processing of the connecting plate: The connecting plate is a rectangular plate with an oblong hole at the top.

[0025] Step II: Based on the wall layering location, mark out the temporary hinge node position, then construct the lower vertical steel rod, weld the lower vertical steel rod to the corresponding horizontal beam, and weld the connecting plate to the lower vertical steel rod.

[0026] Step III: Based on the positioning of the lower vertical steel rod, construct the upper vertical steel rod. Weld the upper vertical steel rod to the corresponding horizontal beam, and then initially hinge the upper vertical steel rod to the connecting plate using the second tie bolt, leaving a 15-20mm gap between the upper and lower steel frames to allow for movable space for wall straightening. After the wall is straightened, tighten the second tie bolt and weld the connecting plate to the upper vertical steel rod for fixation.

[0027] Step IV: Install the lower and upper crossbars, weld the upper crossbar to a set of upper vertical steel bars, and weld the lower crossbar to a set of lower vertical steel bars.

[0028] Preferably, in step 1, the horizontal spacing of the horizontal cables is 2m to 3m, and the vertical spacing is 1.5m to 2.5m.

[0029] Preferably, the first embedded component includes a first embedded plate and embedded bolts; the first embedded plate is elongated and embedded on the inner and outer sides of the wall, and each first embedded plate is arranged along the long axis of the wall; holes are spaced apart on the surface of the first embedded plate; the embedded bolts are embedded in the concrete foundation of the wall, and the upper end of the embedded bolts extends out of the holes from the top surface of the first embedded plate; the bottom crossbar of the lower steel frame is fixed by the embedded bolts.

[0030] Preferably, the second embedded component includes a second embedded plate and a threaded sleeve; the second embedded plate has perforations at intervals and is embedded at the top of the support foundation; the threaded sleeve is connected to the bottom of the second embedded plate at the position corresponding to the perforations and is embedded in the support foundation; a fixing plate is provided at the bottom of the diagonal rod, and the fixing plate is connected to the threaded sleeve by bolts.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features and beneficial effects.

[0032] 1. The reinforcement and straightening construction method for the remaining tilted brick walls of historical buildings of this invention adopts grouting and internal and external steel frame reinforcement measures to ensure the durability of the reinforcement and straightening effect of the old wall. Furthermore, no treatment is required on the exterior facades on both sides of the wall after construction, maximizing the protection of the historical appearance of the old wall and achieving the effect of "restoring the old as it was." In addition, before the wall reinforcement, the damaged wall caps of the original old wall are protectively removed, and after reinforcement, they are restored to their original state. This not only ensures safety during construction, preventing the damaged wall caps from falling and injuring people, but also preserves the original character of the old wall to the greatest extent possible.

[0033] 2. Before reinforcing the wall, this invention determines the inclined part of the wall and divides the wall into sections and layers according to the inclined part. Then, construction is carried out in sequence according to the divided wall sections. This construction method is applicable to inclined walls with different inclination angles. This construction method is simple, less affected by environmental factors, and has strong applicability.

[0034] 3. This construction method involves setting up steel frames on both sides of the wall and combining them with the diagonal bracing of this application. It eliminates the need for special and expensive materials used in ancient buildings, making material costs controllable and saving resources. It is particularly suitable for the reinforcement of old residential walls in narrow alleys and lanes.

[0035] 4. The foundation reinforcement of this invention is achieved through ground grouting, ensuring the bearing capacity of the foundation soil. Simultaneously, expanded concrete foundations are added on both sides of the original foundation to ensure wall stability. The steel frame construction of the wall involves layering the old wall according to its slope, adding upper and lower steel frames to the inner and outer sides of each layer. Before straightening the wall, the upper and lower connections are temporarily hinged; after straightening, they are changed to rigid connections. This method minimizes the impact on sections of the wall with small or no slope, ensuring overall stability during and after the straightening process. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a construction flowchart of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention, in which steel frames are respectively installed on both sides of the wall.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after step three of the construction is completed in this invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention, in which the dual-liquid grouting pipe and the single-liquid grouting pipe are arranged on both sides of the wall.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for manufacturing a single-liquid grouting pipe in this invention.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the lower horizontal bar at the bottom of the present invention and the wall foundation through the first pre-embedded component.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate in this invention.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention where the upper vertical steel rod and the lower vertical steel rod are initially hinged together using a connecting plate.

[0045] Figure 9 This is a front structural diagram of the steel frame reinforced on the wall in this invention.

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the diagonal rod in this invention.

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel frame with horizontal cables in this invention to correct the deviation of the wall.

[0048] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second pre-embedded component in the present invention, which is pre-embedded on the supporting foundation.

[0049] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention where the upper and lower vertical steel rods are finally fixed together using connecting plates and steel plates.

[0050] Attached reference numerals: 1 - Foundation, 2 - Wall foundation, 3 - Steel frame, 3.1 - Upper steel frame, 3.1.1 - Upper vertical steel rod, 3.1.2 - Upper horizontal rod, 3.2 - Lower steel frame, 3.2.1 - Lower vertical steel rod, 3.2.2 - Lower horizontal rod, 4 - Wall, 5 - Beam, 6 - Temporary support, 6.1 - Diagonal rod, 6.2 - Connecting rod, 6.3 - Horizontal rod, 7 - Double-liquid grouting pipe, 8 - Single-liquid grouting pipe, 9 - First embedded component, 9.1 - First embedded plate, 9.2 - Embedded bolt, 10 - Connecting plate, 11 - Wall cap, 12 - Horizontal cable, 13 - Support foundation, 14 - Second embedded component, 14.1 - Second embedded plate, 14.2 - Threaded sleeve, 15 - Oblong hole, 16 - First tie bolt, 17 - Fixing plate, 18 - Second tie bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0051] like Figure 1-13 As shown, this method for reinforcing and straightening the remaining tilted brick walls of historical buildings includes reinforcing the foundation 1, reinforcing the wall foundation 2, constructing the steel frame 3, and straightening the wall 4. It is applicable to wall tilt angles ≤2.5%. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Determine the tilted sections of wall 4, and divide wall 4 into segments and layers according to the tilted sections. The tilt of the entire wall 4 is not uniform; for example, some parts of wall 4 are not tilted at the bottom but tilted at the top; some parts of wall 4 are slightly tilted at the bottom but severely tilted at the top. Divide wall 4 into segments and layers according to the different tilted sections. The segmentation of wall 4 is along the long axis of wall 4 and is divided according to the different tilted sections. The layering of wall 4 is along the vertical direction and is divided according to the different tilted sections. The correction construction of wall 4 is carried out sequentially according to the pre-divided wall segments, and the next segment is moved on after one segment is corrected.

[0052] Step 2: Locate the opening position on wall 4 according to the drawing; note that the drilling speed should not be too fast when making the opening on wall 4, and excessive pressure on the electric drill is strictly prohibited.

[0053] Step 3: After opening the wall, install the new horizontal beam 5. The horizontal beam is set on both sides of the wall, with a set of horizontal beams arranged vertically at intervals on each side of the wall. The horizontal beams on both sides of the wall are initially connected by the first tie bolt. At the same time, temporary supports 6 are constructed on both sides of the wall 4. Before constructing the temporary supports 6, the bottom position of the temporary supports 6 is determined by laying out the pre-set support height and angle. The support foundation 13 for connecting the temporary supports 6 is poured and the second pre-embedded component 14 is installed. The lower end of the temporary support 6 is hinged to the second pre-embedded component 14 on the support foundation 13.

[0054] Step four: Grouting reinforcement of foundation 1. The principle of foundation 1 reinforcement is to adjust the grouting spacing, cement strength, and grout mix ratio according to the different required bearing capacity of the foundation to meet the bearing capacity requirements of the later design of the building foundation. The bottom soil of the original old wall foundation is miscellaneous fill soil with a large porosity. First, double-liquid grouting pipes and single-liquid grouting pipes are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside on both sides of the construction wall 4. The double-liquid grouting pipes 7 are arranged at intervals along the long axis of the wall 4 at a distance of 550-4450 mm from the wall 4, with a spacing of 1000 mm between adjacent double-liquid grouting pipes 7. Each double-liquid grouting pipe 7 is vertically inserted into the soil. At the same time, single-liquid grouting pipes 8 are arranged along the wall 4. The long axial spacing of the single-liquid grouting pipes 8 is arranged at a distance of 4950~1050mm from the wall, and the spacing between adjacent single-liquid grouting pipes 8 is 1000mm. Each single-liquid grouting pipe 8 is inserted into the soil at an angle, and the lower end of the single-liquid grouting pipe 8 extends to the bottom of the foundation 1. The single-liquid grouting pipes 8 and double-liquid grouting pipes 7 are staggered, and then grouting is performed on the single-liquid grouting pipes 8 and double-liquid grouting pipes 7. The single-liquid grouting pipes 8 and double-liquid grouting pipes 7 are made of 48mm diameter steel pipes to form a perforated pipe. One hole is drilled every 0.3m along the length of the pipe wall, and three holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the pipe wall in a quincunx pattern. The hole diameter is φ6, and the hole opening is welded with a protective barb. The end of the steel pipe should be made into a pointed cone shape.

[0055] Step 5: Reinforce the wall foundation 2: Excavate the soil on both sides of the old wall manually to the bottom of the wall foundation 2. Over-excavation is strictly prohibited. After the excavation is completed, construct the concrete foundation of the wall and embed the first pre-embedded component 9 to facilitate the installation of the steel frame 3. Step 6: Construct the steel frames 3 on both sides of the wall 4; wherein, the steel frames 3 on the inclined side of the wall are installed close to the wall 4, and the steel frames 3 on the side away from the inclined side of the wall are arranged vertically; the steel frames 3 include an upper steel frame 3.1 and a lower steel frame 3.2; the upper steel frame 3.1 is a rectangular frame structure, set on the upper part of the wall 4, and is composed of a set of upper vertical steel rods 3.1.1 and a set of upper horizontal rods 3.1.2 connected together; the set of upper vertical steel rods 3.1.1 is welded to the horizontal beams 5 at the corresponding positions on the upper part of the wall 4; the lower steel frame 3.2 is a rectangular frame structure, composed of a set of lower vertical steel rods 3.2.1 and a set of lower horizontal rods 3.2.2 connected together; the set of lower steel frames 3.2 is welded to the horizontal beams 5 at the corresponding positions on the lower part of the wall 4; The construction process of steel frame 3 is as follows: First, the lower steel frame 3.2 is fixedly connected to the first pre-embedded component 9 embedded in the wall foundation 2. Then, the upper vertical steel rod 3.1.1 of the upper steel frame 3.1 and the lower vertical steel rod 3.2.1 of the lower steel frame 3.2 are connected by connecting plate 10. The lower part of connecting plate 10 is fixedly connected to the lower steel frame 3.2. The upper part of connecting plate 10 is temporarily hinged to the upper steel frame 3.1.

[0056] Step 7, Remove the wall caps 11 at the damaged parts: Remove the wall caps 11 at the severely damaged parts one by one.

[0057] Step 8, the correction work for wall 4, the specific process is as follows: Step 1: A set of horizontal cables 12 are intermittently threaded through the wall 4. One end of the horizontal cable 12 is connected to the steel frame 3 on the inclined side of the wall 4. The connection point is set at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical bars of the steel frame 3. Step 2: Apply a horizontal tension to the other end of the horizontal cable 12, with the tension direction facing the side that is tilted away from the wall 4. While applying the horizontal tension, gradually move the upper support point of the temporary support 6 on the tilted side of the wall 4. Each horizontal correction of the wall should not exceed 5cm. For example, if the maximum offset of the wall is 20cm, it can be corrected in four steps, with each correction having a horizontal displacement of 5cm.

[0058] Step 3: When the wall 4 is pulled to fit against the steel frame 3 on the side that is tilted away from the wall 4, stop the correction and tighten the first tie bolt 16 in time. Fix the wall 4 with the vertical steel rods on both sides. Step 9, fixing the steel frame 3: change the hinged joints in the steel frame 3 to rigid joints: when the correction is completed, the hinged joints of the upper steel frame 3.1 and the lower steel frame 3.2 need to be changed to rigid joints, and steel plates need to be welded on both sides of the joints of the upper vertical steel rod 3.1.1 and the lower vertical steel rod 3.2.1 to ensure stability; Step 10, restore the wall cap: Based on the original photos, restore the wall cap part in the original manner according to the original wall construction method and tile placement.

[0059] Step 11: After the reinforcement is completed, repair the brick joints in the wall and remove the temporary supports. The temporary supports should be removed in order from top to bottom.

[0060] In this embodiment, the side closer to the wall 4 is the inner side, and the side farther from the wall 4 is the outer side.

[0061] In this embodiment, in step three, the temporary support 6 includes diagonal rods 6.1; there are multiple sets of diagonal rods 6.1, arranged in parallel intervals from top to bottom; a connecting rod 6.2 is provided between adjacent sets of corresponding diagonal rods 6.1; the connecting rod 6.2 is hinged to the diagonal rod 6.1; each set of diagonal rods 6.1 is spaced along the long axis of the wall 4, and the upper end of the diagonal rod 6.1 supports the horizontal beam 5 of the wall 4, and the lower end of the diagonal rod 6.1 is hinged to the ground; the horizontal rod 6.3 is connected between adjacent diagonal rods 6.1; a fixing plate 17 is provided at the bottom of the diagonal rod 6.1; the horizontal beams 5 are installed from top to bottom, and after each horizontal beam 5 is installed, a temporary support 6 is installed, that is: first horizontal beam → first set of diagonal rods → second horizontal beam → second diagonal rod..., and so on, and then the connecting rod 6.2 and the horizontal rod 6.3 are installed. The lower vertical steel rod 3.2.1 can only be installed after the temporary support 6 is installed.

[0062] In this embodiment, in step four, the foundation 1 is reinforced using a compaction grouting method. The grout in the single-liquid grouting pipe is cement grout, while the grout in the double-liquid grouting pipe is a cement grout + water glass grout. To ensure rapid solidification, the cement grout is prepared with 42.5 grade ordinary Portland cement, and the grout is a water glass cement grout with a water-cement ratio of 1:0.5. 5% water glass is added per cubic meter of cement. Grouting is performed twice, with a 5-hour interval between the two grouting operations. Depending on local conditions, the pressure for the first grouting is 0.5 MPa, and the pressure for the second grouting is 2 MPa. The cross-section of the grouting pipe is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0063] In this embodiment, the specific construction method of the steel frame 3 in step six is ​​as follows.

[0064] Step I, processing of connecting plate 10: The connecting plate 10 is a rectangular plate with dimensions of 43×200×10mm, and an elongated hole 15 is opened on the top for adjusting the tie bolts 16 during the straightening process of the wall 4.

[0065] Step II: Based on the wall layering location, mark out the temporary hinge node position, then construct the lower vertical steel rod 3.2.1, weld the lower vertical steel rod 3.2.1 to the corresponding horizontal beam 5, and weld the connecting plate 10 to the lower vertical steel rod 3.2.1.

[0066] Step III: Based on the positioning of the lower vertical steel rod 3.2.1, construct the upper vertical steel rod 3.1.1. Weld the upper vertical steel rod 3.1.1 to the corresponding horizontal beam 5. Then, initially hinge the upper vertical steel rod 3.1.1 to the connecting plate 10 using the second tie bolt 18, leaving a 15-20mm gap between the upper steel frame 3.1 and the lower steel frame 3.2 to allow for movable space for the straightening of the wall 4. After the wall 4 is straightened, tighten the second tie bolt 18 and weld the connecting plate 10 to the upper vertical steel rod 3.1.1 for fixation.

[0067] Step IV: Install the lower horizontal bar 3.2.2 and the upper horizontal bar 3.1.2. Weld the upper horizontal bar 3.1.2 to a set of upper vertical steel bars 3.1.1, and weld the lower horizontal bar 3.2.2 to a set of lower vertical steel bars 3.2.1.

[0068] In this embodiment, in step 1, the horizontal spacing of the horizontal cables 12 is 2m~3m, and the vertical spacing is 1.5m~2.5m.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first embedded component 9 includes a first embedded plate 9.1 and an embedded bolt 9.2; the first embedded plate 9.1 is elongated and is embedded on the inner and outer sides of the wall 4 respectively, and each first embedded plate 9.1 is arranged along the long axis of the wall 4; holes are spaced apart on the surface of the first embedded plate 9.1; the embedded bolt 9.2 is embedded in the concrete foundation of the wall, and the upper end of the embedded bolt 9.2 extends out of the hole from the top surface of the first embedded plate 9.1; the bottommost lower crossbar 3.2.2 of the lower steel frame 3.2 is fixed by the embedded bolt 9.2.

[0070] In this embodiment, the second embedded component 14 includes a second embedded plate 14.1 and a threaded sleeve 14.2; the second embedded plate 14.1 has perforations spaced apart and is embedded in the top of the support foundation 13; the threaded sleeve 14.2 is connected to the bottom of the second embedded plate 14.1 at the position corresponding to the perforations and is embedded in the support foundation 13; the fixing plate 17 is connected to the threaded sleeve 14.2 by bolts.

[0071] In this embodiment, the supporting foundation 13 is a plain concrete foundation.

[0072] In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the diagonal rod 6.1 is 45°, and the distance between two adjacent sets of diagonal rods 6.1 is 1000mm; in each set of diagonal rods 6.1, the distance between two adjacent diagonal rods 6.1 is 2000mm.

[0073] The above embodiments are not exhaustive examples of specific implementation methods, and other embodiments are also possible. The purpose of the above embodiments is to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All applications derived from simple variations of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reinforcing and straightening a leaning brick wall remaining in a historical building, characterized in that: This includes the reinforcement of the foundation (1), the reinforcement of the wall foundation (2), the construction of the steel frame (3), and the straightening of the wall (4); The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Determine the inclined part of the wall (4), and divide the wall (4) into sections and layers according to the inclined part; Step 2: Locate the opening position on the wall (4) according to the drawings; Step 3: After opening the wall, install the new crossbeam (5). The crossbeam (5) is set on both sides of the wall (4). A set of crossbeams (5) on each side of the wall (4) is arranged vertically at intervals. The crossbeams (5) on both sides of the wall (4) are initially connected by the first tie bolt (16). At the same time, temporary supports (6) are constructed on both sides of the wall (4), and the lower end of the temporary supports (6) is hinged to the ground; Step 4, grouting reinforcement of the foundation (1): First, arrange double-liquid grouting pipes (7) and single-liquid grouting pipes (8) from the inside to the outside on both sides of the construction wall (4); arrange the double-liquid grouting pipes (7) at intervals along the long axis of the wall (4) at a distance of 450~550mm from the wall (4); each double-liquid grouting pipe (7) is vertically inserted into the soil; at the same time, arrange the single-liquid grouting pipes (8) at intervals along the long axis of the wall (4) at a distance of 950~1050mm from the wall (4); each single-liquid grouting pipe (8) is inclined into the soil, and the lower end of the single-liquid grouting pipe (8) extends to the bottom of the foundation (1); then grout the single-liquid grouting pipes (8) and double-liquid grouting pipes (7); Step 5, reinforce the wall foundation (2): excavate the earthwork on both sides of the wall (4) manually to the bottom of the wall foundation (2). Over-excavation is strictly prohibited. After the excavation is completed, the concrete foundation of the wall is constructed and the first pre-embedded component (9) is installed to facilitate the installation of the steel frame (3). Step 6: Construct the steel frames (3) on both sides of the wall (4); wherein, the steel frame (3) on the inclined side of the wall is installed close to the wall (4), and the steel frame (3) on the opposite side of the inclined side of the wall is arranged vertically; the steel frame (3) includes an upper steel frame (3.1) and a lower steel frame (3.2); the upper steel frame (3.1) is a rectangular frame structure, set on the upper part of the wall (4), and the upper steel frame (3.1) consists of a set of upper vertical steel rods. (3.1.1) and a set of upper horizontal bars (3.1.2) are connected together; a set of upper vertical steel bars (3.1.1) are welded to the corresponding horizontal beam (5) at the upper part of the wall (4); the lower steel frame (3.2) is a rectangular frame structure, which is formed by connecting a set of lower vertical steel bars (3.2.1) and a set of lower horizontal bars (3.2.2); a set of lower steel frames (3.2) are welded to the corresponding horizontal beam (5) at the lower part of the wall (4); The construction process of the steel frame (3) is as follows: First, the lower steel frame (3.2) is fixedly connected to the first pre-embedded component (9) embedded in the wall foundation (2). Then, the upper vertical steel rod (3.1.1) of the upper steel frame (3.1) and the lower vertical steel rod (3.2.1) of the lower steel frame (3.2) are hinged to each other using a connecting plate (10). The lower part of the connecting plate (10) is fixedly connected to the lower steel frame (3.2). The upper part of the connecting plate (10) is temporarily hinged to the upper steel frame (3.1). Step 7, Remove the wall caps (11) at the damaged parts: Remove the wall caps (11) at the severely damaged parts one by one. Step 8, the correction construction of wall (4), the specific process is as follows: Step 1: A set of horizontal cables (12) are intermittently threaded through the wall (4). One end of the horizontal cable (12) is connected to the steel frame (3) on the inclined side of the wall (4). The connection point is set at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical bars of the steel frame (3). Step 2, apply a horizontal tension to the other end of the horizontal cable (12), with the tension direction facing the side that is tilted away from the wall (4), and while applying the horizontal tension, gradually move the upper support point of the temporary support (6) on the tilted side of the wall (4); Step 3: When the wall (4) is pulled to fit against the steel frame (3) on the side away from the wall (4) and tilted, stop the correction and tighten the first tie bolt (16) in time. Fix the wall (4) by the upper vertical steel rod (3.1.1) and lower vertical steel rod (3.2.1) on both sides. Step 9, fixing the steel frame (3): change the hinged nodes in the steel frame (3) to rigid nodes: when the correction is completed, change the hinged nodes of the upper steel frame (3.1) and the lower steel frame (3.2) to rigid nodes and weld steel plates on both sides of the nodes of the upper vertical steel rod (3.1.1) and the lower vertical steel rod (3.2.1) to ensure stability; Step 10: Restore the wall cap. Construction is now complete.

2. The method for reinforcing and straightening the remaining tilted brick walls of historical buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 3: Before constructing the temporary support (6), the lower end of the temporary support (6) is determined by setting the height and angle of the pre-set support. The support foundation (13) for connecting the temporary support (6) is poured and the second pre-embedded component (14) is installed. The lower end of the temporary support (6) is hinged to the second pre-embedded component (14) on the support foundation (13).

3. The method for reinforcing and straightening the remaining tilted brick walls of historical buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step three, the temporary support (6) includes diagonal rods (6.1) and horizontal rods (6.3); there are multiple sets of diagonal rods (6.1), which are arranged in parallel intervals from top to bottom; a connecting rod (6.2) is provided between two adjacent sets of corresponding diagonal rods (6.1); each set of diagonal rods (6.1) is arranged at intervals along the long axis of the wall (4), and the upper end of the diagonal rod (6.1) is supported on the crossbeam (5) of the wall (4), and the lower end of the diagonal rod (6.1) is hinged to the ground; the horizontal rod (6.3) is connected between adjacent diagonal rods (6.1); The crossbeams (5) are installed from top to bottom. After each crossbeam (5) is installed, a temporary support (6) is installed, i.e.: first crossbeam → first diagonal bar → second crossbeam → second diagonal bar..., and so on. Then the connecting rod (6.2) and the horizontal bar (6.3) are installed. The lower vertical steel bar (3.2.1) can only be installed after the temporary support (6) is installed.

4. The method for reinforcing and straightening the remaining tilted brick walls of historical buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the foundation is reinforced by compaction grouting (1). The grout in the single-liquid grouting pipe is cement grout, and the grout in the double-liquid grouting pipe is cement grout + water glass double grout.

5. The method for reinforcing and straightening the remaining tilted brick walls of historical buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific construction method for the steel frame (3) in step six is ​​as follows: Step I, processing of connecting plate (10): The connecting plate (10) is a rectangular plate with an oblong hole (15) at the top. Step II: Based on the wall layering position, lay out the temporary hinge node position, and then carry out the construction of the lower vertical steel rod (3.2.1). Weld the lower vertical steel rod (3.2.1) to the corresponding horizontal beam (5), and weld the connecting plate (10) to the lower vertical steel rod (3.2.1). Step III, based on the positioning of the lower vertical steel rod (3.2.1), construct the upper vertical steel rod ( In the construction of 3.1.1), the upper vertical steel rod (3.1.1) is welded to the corresponding horizontal beam (5), and then the upper vertical steel rod (3.1.1) and the connecting plate (10) are initially hinged by the second tie bolt (18) so that a gap of 15-20mm is reserved between the upper steel frame (3.1) and the lower steel frame (3.2) to reserve movable space for the straightening of the wall (4); after the wall (4) is straightened, the second tie bolt (18) is tightened and the connecting plate (10) is welded and fixed to the upper vertical steel rod (3.1.1); Step IV: Install the lower horizontal bar (3.2.2) and the upper horizontal bar (3.1.2). Weld the upper horizontal bar (3.1.2) to a set of upper vertical steel bars (3.1.1) and weld the lower horizontal bar (3.2.2) to a set of lower vertical steel bars (3.2.1).

6. The method for reinforcing and straightening the remaining tilted brick walls of historical buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the horizontal spacing of the horizontal cables (12) is 2m~3m and the vertical spacing is 1.5m~2.5m.

7. The method for reinforcing and straightening the remaining tilted brick walls of historical buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first embedded component (9) includes a first embedded plate (9.1) and an embedded bolt (9.2); the first embedded plate (9.1) is long and is embedded on the inner and outer sides of the wall (4), and each first embedded plate (9.1) is set along the long axis of the wall (4); holes are spaced apart on the surface of the first embedded plate (9.1); the embedded bolt (9.2) is embedded in the concrete foundation of the wall, and the upper end of the embedded bolt (9.2) extends out of the hole from the top surface of the first embedded plate (9.1); the bottom horizontal bar (3.2.2) of the lower steel frame (3.2) is fixed by the embedded bolt (9.2).

8. The method for reinforcing and straightening the remaining tilted brick walls of historical buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second embedded component (14) includes a second embedded plate (14.1) and a threaded sleeve (14.2); the second embedded plate (14.1) has perforations spaced apart, and the second embedded plate (14.1) is embedded in the top of the support foundation (13); the threaded sleeve (14.2) is connected to the bottom of the second embedded plate (14.1) at the position corresponding to the perforations, and the threaded sleeve (14.2) is embedded in the support foundation (13); the bottom of the diagonal rod (6.1) is provided with a fixing plate (17), and the fixing plate (17) is connected to the threaded sleeve (14.2) by bolts.

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