An intelligent monitoring device and method for integrated airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent monitoring device and method for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, which relate to the fields of intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment and biological sciences, and include: a microscopic image acquisition mechanism, a spore capturing air duct mechanism, a stage and a slide magazine mechanism. The present invention can realize aerial spore capturing and microscopic image acquisition in a field environment. The monitoring device and method of the present invention solve the problem that the spore concentration in the farmland cannot be automatically, real-time and on a large scale monitored, which makes it difficult to grasp the real-time and dynamic changes of fungal spores in the farmland on a large scale. The spore microscopic images magnified 100 to 1000 times can be collected, the work flow is smooth and the operation is simple, and the application prospect is broader.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment and biological science and technology, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring device and method for integrating airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors. Background Art

[0002] Wheat stripe rust, rice blast, grape downy mildew, etc. are devastating airborne fungal diseases in the production of wheat, rice and grape crops. The pathogenic spores of the pathogenic fungi, such as summer spores of stripe rust, rice blast and downy mildew, can spread and infect with the help of airflow, and finally deposit on the leaves or ears of crops through wind power. Under suitable field meteorological environmental conditions, they will cause serious outbreaks of crop diseases. The long-distance and cross-regional airflow transmission characteristics of spores enable them to cause large-scale epidemics in a relatively short period of time, and even completely destroy crops in severe outbreaks. Accurate online detection of airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors can quickly obtain spore and meteorological factor information, and then form a convenient and efficient feedback mechanism, which can provide accurate and reliable basic data and technical means for the research and prevention of wheat stripe rust, rice blast and grape downy mildew, and will effectively avoid the reduction of wheat, rice and grape production caused by diseases, which has important economic and social significance for the safe production of crops in my country and even the world.

[0003] At present, the spores of crop pathogenic fungi in the air are mostly sampled and monitored by traditional spore catchers, and meteorological factor information is mostly monitored by independent field meteorological stations. After the traditional spore catcher is finished, the glass slide or capture tape with spores attached is manually taken back to the laboratory, and then identified and counted manually or by molecular biological methods under a microscope. When using traditional spore catchers to capture spores, the spore catchers placed in the field are scattered and numerous, and the manual replacement of glass slides or capture tapes is inefficient, time-consuming and labor-intensive. It is impossible to automatically, real-time and large-scale monitor the spore concentration in the farmland, making it difficult to grasp the real-time and dynamic changes of large-scale farmland fungal spores. At the same time, the meteorological station used for meteorological monitoring also needs to be purchased independently and deployed in the field. Therefore, the independent installation of spore capture devices and meteorological stations in the field has the disadvantages of high cost and large workload. Plant protection experts urgently need a solution that can simultaneously monitor fungal spores in the field air and meteorological factor information related to crop growth, so as to save manpower and reduce costs, and provide data support for the early prediction and forecast of airborne fungal diseases.

[0004] To this end, we provide an integrated intelligent monitoring device and method for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an integrated intelligent monitoring device and method for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, which solves the problem that it is impossible to automatically, in real time, and on a large scale monitor the spore concentration in farmland, making it difficult to grasp the real-time and dynamic changes of fungal spores in large-scale farmland, and can simultaneously remotely monitor the fungal spores in the field air and the meteorological factor information related to crop growth.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts an integrated intelligent monitoring device for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, comprising:

[0007] A microscopic image acquisition mechanism, which includes a microscope digital camera, a lens barrel, an objective lens, an adjustable nut and a microscope image acquisition support plate, wherein the microscope digital camera is mounted on the microscope image acquisition support plate, the lens barrel and the objective lens are sequentially arranged on the microscope digital camera, and the adjustable nut is arranged on the microscope digital camera;

[0008] A spore catching air duct mechanism, wherein the spore catching air duct mechanism is fixedly mounted on the linear guide rail linear slide by screws, a first motor for sliding the linear guide rail linear slide up and down is arranged above the linear guide rail linear slide, a bellows is connected below the linear guide rail linear slide, one side of the bellows is connected to an air suction fan through an air outlet pipe, an air inlet pipe is arranged above the spore catching air duct mechanism, and an air inlet cover is arranged above the air inlet pipe;

[0009] A stage, the stage is used to hold a glass slide, and the stage is connected to a vacuum pump via a hose;

[0010] The slide bin mechanism, the slide bin mechanism, the microscopic image acquisition mechanism, and the spore capture air duct mechanism are all arranged above the stage, the slide bin mechanism includes a vertical guide rail linear slide module formed by a second motor, a slide bin, a bin bottom plate, a slide limit block, and a slide bin support plate, the slide bin is fixed on the vertical guide rail linear slide module by screws, and the second motor drives the slide bin to move vertically up and down along the Z-axis direction of the vertical guide rail linear slide module A slide limit block is connected to the bottom of the outer wall of one side of the slide bin, and the slides are stacked in the slide bin. The bottom of the slide bin and the bottom of the side wall close to the slide limit block are provided with a hollow structure for the slides to be pushed out. The bin bottom plate is fixed to one side of the bottom of the slide bin by screws. The second motor is fixedly installed above the vertical guide rail linear slide module, the slide bin support plate is fixedly installed on one side of the vertical guide rail linear slide module, and the slide bin support plate is fixed to the external support.

[0011] As a further optimization of the above scheme, the microscope digital camera is connected to the microprocessor through a USB data cable, the microprocessor is connected to the driver and the relay I / O module through the RS485 bus to realize signal transmission and control, the driver adjusts the number of pulses through the PWM signal to drive the rotation and start and stop control of the first motor, the first motor is connected to the spore capture air duct mechanism, the microprocessor and the vacuum pump are both arranged under the stage, and the microprocessor and the vacuum pump are connected through the relay I / O module, the relay I / O module and the suction fan are connected through the control module, the control module adopts the PT4115 chip with adjustable output current, and adjusts the output current by outputting PWM signals with different duty cycles to realize stable quantitative adjustment of the rotation speed of the suction fan.

[0012] As a further optimization of the above scheme, the middle part of the microscopic image acquisition support plate is hollowed out, the microscopic image acquisition support plate is used to connect with an external support, a spore capture air duct support plate is fixedly provided on one side of the linear guide linear slide, the spore capture air duct support plate is hollowed out, and the spore capture air duct support plate is connected to the external support.

[0013] As a further optimization of the above solution, a groove with the same thickness as a glass slide is provided in the middle of the bottom plate of the film chamber, a long strip of space is provided in the middle of the groove, and the front end of the groove close to the glass slide limit block has an inclined slope.

[0014] As a further optimization of the above solution, a collecting port is provided at the lower end of the bellows, and a filter cotton block is provided at the position where the bellows is connected to the air outlet pipe.

[0015] As a further optimization of the above solution, a pair of fixed glass slides that can be opened and closed relatively are fixedly provided on one side of the filter cotton block close to the interior of the bellows, and the surfaces of the fixed glass slides are coated with vaseline.

[0016] As a further optimization of the above solution, an upper supporting base plate is installed on the inner wall of the bellows, an electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper supporting base plate, and a scraper box is fixedly installed at the lower end of the electric cylinder.

[0017] As a further optimization of the above solution, the scraper box is movably attached to the inner wall of the wind box on one side close to the air outlet pipe, and a release film is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the scraper box.

[0018] As a further optimization of the above solution, a supplementary port connected to the interior of the scraper box is provided on one side of the scraper box close to the air outlet pipe, and a supplementary pipe is provided at the upper end of the scraper box, and the end of the supplementary pipe passes through the outside of the bellows.

[0019] The present invention also discloses an integrated intelligent monitoring method for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: The microprocessor is powered on and the software interface is automatically opened. The acquisition time, number of acquisition rounds, acquisition step length and other parameters can be set through local or remote control;

[0021] S2: After clicking the start acquisition button, wait for the preset acquisition time instruction;

[0022] S3: When the acquisition time comes, each motor starts self-checking and resetting to check whether each component is normal. After the self-check is completed, the device status is sent to the microprocessor: drive module status, I / O module status parameters;

[0023] S4: Use meteorological sensor components: rainfall sensor, wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor, temperature and humidity sensor and light intensity sensor to collect meteorological factor information of temperature and humidity, light intensity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall to complete the monitoring of meteorological factor information related to crop growth;

[0024] S5: The stage automatically pushes the slide, then turns on the vacuum pump to fix the slide with negative pressure, and then applies vaseline to the slide;

[0025] S6: The stage continues to move horizontally to the left to the designated position below the spore capture air duct mechanism, and then the vacuum pump is turned on to fix the glass slide by vacuum negative pressure adsorption. The bellows of the spore capture air duct mechanism is vertically downward and closely attached to the glass slide, and the suction fan is turned on to suck air by negative pressure at the same time;

[0026] S7: The capture time range is 2 to 24 hours, capturing spores in the air according to the set time;

[0027] S8: After the capture is completed, the suction fan is turned off to stop the suction, and the spore capture air duct mechanism is reset and the vacuum pump is turned off at the same time to complete the capture of spores in the air;

[0028] S9: The stage moves horizontally to the right to a designated position below the microscopic image acquisition mechanism, and then the microscope point beam light source on one side of the stage is turned on, and the microscope camera is turned on;

[0029] S10: Controlling the stage to move horizontally along the XY axis plane according to a preset step length parameter to collect microscopic images of spores at different positions on the slide;

[0030] S11: Turn off the microscope spot light source and the microscope camera to complete the acquisition of spore microscopic images;

[0031] S12: The microprocessor stores the image and meteorological factor data in a hard disk folder, and remotely transmits the image and meteorological factor data to a server via a wireless network;

[0032] S13: Control the stage to move forward horizontally along the Y-axis direction to recycle the slides of this round, and end the collection;

[0033] S14: Check whether the number of collections reaches the preset number of rounds N. If not, return to S2.

[0034] The integrated intelligent monitoring device and method for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present invention discloses an intelligent monitoring device and method for integrating airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, which can realize aerial spore capture and microscopic image collection in a field environment. The monitoring device and method of the present invention solve the problem that the spore concentration in farmland cannot be automatically, real-time and on a large scale, which makes it difficult to grasp the real-time and dynamic changes of large-scale farmland fungal spores. The device and method can collect spore microscopic images magnified 100 to 1000 times, have a smooth workflow and are easy to operate, and have a broader application prospect.

[0036] With reference to the following description and drawings, a specific embodiment of the present invention is disclosed in detail, indicating the manner in which the principles of the present invention can be adopted. It should be understood that the scope of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited thereby, and within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, the embodiments of the present invention include many changes, modifications and equivalents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated intelligent monitoring device for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the microscopic image acquisition mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spore capture air duct mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the glass slide chamber mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bellows of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when a flow opening is formed between a pair of fixed glass slides of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the film bin bottom plate structure of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: stage 1, slide bin mechanism 2, microscopic image acquisition mechanism 3, spore capture air duct mechanism 4, microscope point beam light source 5, flow opening 6, replenishment port 7, slide 8, second motor 9, vertical guide linear slide module 10, slide bin 11, bin bottom plate 12, slide limit block 13, slide bin support plate 14, microscope digital camera 15, lens barrel 16, objective lens 17, adjustable nut 18, display Micro-image acquisition support plate 19, first motor 20, linear guide linear slide 21, bellows 22, air inlet cover 23, air inlet pipe 24, air outlet pipe 25, suction fan 26, groove 27, long strip gap 28, inclined slope 29, spore capture air duct support plate 30, collection port 31, filter cotton block 32, scraper box 33, upper support base plate 34, electric cylinder 35, fixed glass slide 36, release film 37, replenishment pipeline 38. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on, provided with" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected, connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. "Fixed connection" means a fixed connection. There are many ways of fixed connection, which are not within the scope of protection of this article. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0049] In Example 1, please refer to the attached Figure 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution: an intelligent monitoring device integrating airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, comprising:

[0050] The microscopic image acquisition mechanism 3 includes a microscope digital camera 15, a lens barrel 16, an objective lens 17, an adjustable nut 18 and a microscopic image acquisition support plate 19. The microscope digital camera 15 is installed on the microscope image acquisition support plate 19. The microscope digital camera 15 is connected to the microprocessor via a USB data cable and receives image acquisition signals from the microprocessor at any time. The lens barrel 16 and the objective lens 17 are sequentially arranged on the microscope digital camera 15. The lens barrel 16 and the objective lens 17 can magnify 100 to 1000 times to capture the microscopic image of fungal spores on the slide 8. The adjustable nut 18 is arranged on the microscope digital camera 15. The adjustable nut 18 can manually adjust the focal length of the microscope and the slide 8. The adjustable nut 18 is an existing common mechanism for adjusting the focal length of the microscope, which will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The middle part of the microscopic image acquisition support plate 19 is hollowed out to reduce weight and save materials. The microscopic image acquisition support plate 19 is used to connect with an external support to fix the microscopic image acquisition mechanism 3.

[0052] The present invention also includes a spore capturing air duct mechanism 4, which is fixedly installed on a linear guide linear slide 21 by screws, a first motor 20 for sliding the linear guide linear slide 21 up and down is arranged above the linear guide linear slide 21, a bellows 22 is connected below the linear guide linear slide 21, and the bellows 22 can be driven to move vertically up and down along the spore capturing air duct mechanism 4 in the Y-axis direction by driving the first motor 20, the bellows 22 is connected below the linear guide linear slide 21, one side of the bellows 22 is connected to a suction fan 26 through an air outlet pipe 25, an air inlet pipe 24 is arranged above the spore capturing air duct mechanism 4, and an air inlet hood 23 is arranged above the air inlet pipe 24; the suction fan 26 provides suction, and when the suction fan 26 is started, the external wind passes through the air inlet hood 23, the air inlet pipe 24, and the spore capturing air duct mechanism 4 in sequence into the bellows 22, and then is discharged along the air outlet pipe 25 and the suction fan 26.

[0053] It should be noted that a spore capture air duct support plate 30 is fixedly provided on one side of the linear guide linear slide 21. The spore capture air duct support plate 30 is hollowed out to reduce weight and save materials. The spore capture air duct support plate 30 is connected to an external support to achieve the purpose of supporting the spore capture air duct mechanism 4.

[0054] The present invention further comprises a stage 1 , which is used to hold a glass slide 8 . The stage 1 is connected to a vacuum pump via a hose. A microscopic image acquisition mechanism 3 and a spore capturing air duct mechanism 4 are both located above the stage 1 .

[0055] The microprocessor and the vacuum pump are both arranged below the stage 1, and the microprocessor and the vacuum pump are connected through a relay I / O module. The microprocessor is connected to the driver and the relay I / O module through the RS485 bus to realize signal transmission and control. The driver adjusts the number of pulses through the PWM signal to drive the rotation and start and stop control of the first motor 20. The first motor 20 is connected to the spore capture air duct mechanism 4. The microprocessor is connected to the wireless communication module through the USB interface to realize remote image transmission of the acquisition device, and at the same time receives the control command signal from the server side, and starts or stops each motion module according to the signal from the server side. The microprocessor and the vacuum pump are not shown in the figure and will not be described here.

[0056] The relay I / O module is connected to the suction fan 26 through a control module. The control module adopts a PT4115 chip with adjustable output current. The output current is adjusted by outputting PWM signals with different duty cycles to achieve stable quantitative adjustment of the rotation speed of the suction fan 26.

[0057] A glass slide magazine mechanism 2 is also provided above the stage 1, and a driving rail and other devices for driving the stage 1 to move under the glass slide magazine mechanism 2, the microscopic image acquisition mechanism 3, and the spore capture air duct mechanism 4 are provided on one side of the stage 1. These are common existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] When it is necessary to collect spores, the stage 1 is first moved to the bottom of the slide magazine mechanism 2, and the push mechanism on the stage 1 is used to move the slide 8 stored in the slide magazine mechanism 2 to the top of the stage 1, and then the spore capture air duct mechanism 4 is used to capture the spores, and the spores adhere to the slide 8. Thereafter, the microscopic image acquisition mechanism 3 is used to observe the spores on the slide 8, and the collected images are remotely transmitted to the server using a microprocessor, thereby solving the problem of being unable to perform automatic, real-time, and large-scale monitoring of spore concentrations in farmland, which makes it difficult to grasp the real-time and dynamic changes of large-scale farmland fungal spores.

[0059] Specifically, the slide bin mechanism 2, the slide bin mechanism 2, the microscopic image acquisition mechanism 3, and the spore capture air duct mechanism 4 are all arranged above the stage 1. The slide bin mechanism 2 includes a vertical guide rail linear slide module 10 formed by a second motor 9, a slide bin 11, a bin bottom plate 12, a slide limit block 13, and a slide bin support plate 14. The slide bin 11 is fixed on the vertical guide rail linear slide module 10 by screws, and the second motor 9 drives the slide bin 11 to move vertically up and down along the Z-axis direction of the vertical guide rail linear slide module 10. Movement, a slide limit block 13 is connected to the bottom of the outer wall of one side of the slide bin 11, and the slide 8 is stacked in the slide bin 11. The bottom of the slide bin 11 and the bottom of the side wall close to the slide limit block 13 are provided with a hollow structure for the slide 8 to be pushed out. The bin bottom plate 12 is fixed to one side of the bottom of the slide bin 11 by screws, the second motor 9 is fixedly installed above the vertical guide rail linear slide module 10, and the slide bin support plate 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the vertical guide rail linear slide module 10, and the slide bin support plate 14 is fixed to the external support.

[0060] There is a groove 27 with the same thickness as a glass slide 8 in the middle of the film bin bottom plate 12, and a long strip of space 28 in the middle of the groove 27. The groove 27 has an inclined slope 29 near the front end of the glass slide limit block 13, which facilitates the glass slide 8 to be pushed out from the hollow at the bottom of the left wall to prevent it from being stuck.

[0061] The slide chamber 11 is used to store slides 8, and 365 slides can be placed at the same time to provide long-term operation, thereby solving the problem of being unable to automatically, real-time, and large-scale monitor the spore concentration in farmland, which makes it difficult to grasp the real-time and dynamic changes of large-scale farmland fungal spores.

[0062] The slide bin 11 is generally in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and the middle parts of its front and rear walls are hollowed out to facilitate manual placement and removal of the slide 8; the second motor 9 controls the slide bin 11 to descend at a uniform speed, and after limiting the position through an infrared limiter, it is tightly attached to the stage 1. The infrared limiter is installed at the bottom of the vertical guide linear slide module 10, and the pushing mechanism on the stage 1, such as an electric push rod or a push plate, is stuck in the hollow part at the bottom of the slide bin 11. The slide 8 at the bottom of the slide bin 11 is pushed out from the hollow part at the bottom of the left side wall through the pushing mechanism, and the slide limit block 13 connected to the bottom of the left outer wall of the slide bin 11 limits the pushing out of only one slide 8. When the first motor 23 drives the stage 1 to move to the left at a uniform speed, the left side of the slide 8 abuts against the limit strip 37 on the leftmost side of the slide groove of the stage 1, and the slide 8 is pushed into the slide groove of the stage 1.

[0063] In Example 2, the present invention further discloses an integrated intelligent monitoring method for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1: The microprocessor is powered on and the software interface is automatically opened. The acquisition time, number of acquisition rounds, acquisition step length and other parameters can be set through local or remote control;

[0065] S2: After clicking the start acquisition button, wait for the preset acquisition time instruction;

[0066] S3: When the acquisition time comes, each motor starts self-checking and resetting to check whether each component is normal. After the self-check is completed, the device status is sent to the microprocessor: drive module status, I / O module status parameters;

[0067] S4: Use meteorological sensor components: rainfall sensor, wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor, temperature and humidity sensor and light intensity sensor to collect meteorological factor information of temperature and humidity, light intensity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall to complete the monitoring of meteorological factor information related to crop growth;

[0068] S5: the stage 1 automatically pushes the glass slide 8, then turns on the vacuum pump to fix the glass slide 8 by vacuum negative pressure adsorption, and then the glass slide 8 is smeared with vaseline;

[0069] S6: the stage 1 continues to move horizontally to the left to the designated position below the spore capture air duct mechanism 4, and then the vacuum pump is turned on to fix the glass slide 8 by vacuum negative pressure adsorption, the bellows 22 of the spore capture air duct mechanism 4 is vertically downward and closely attached to the glass slide 8, and the suction fan 26 is turned on to suck air by negative pressure at the same time;

[0070] S7: The capture time range is 2 to 24 hours, capturing spores in the air according to the set time;

[0071] S8: After the capture is completed, the suction fan 26 is turned off to stop the suction, and the spore capture air duct mechanism 4 is reset and the vacuum pump is turned off at the same time to complete the capture of spores in the air;

[0072] S9: the stage 1 moves horizontally to the right to a designated position below the microscopic image acquisition mechanism 3, and then the microscope point beam light source 5 on one side of the stage 1 is turned on, and the microscope camera 15 is turned on;

[0073] S10: Control the stage 1 to move horizontally along the XY axis plane according to a preset step length parameter to collect microscopic images of spores at different positions on the slide 8;

[0074] S11: Turn off the microscope spot light source 5 and the microscope camera 15 to complete the spore microscopic image acquisition;

[0075] S12: The microprocessor stores the image and meteorological factor data in a hard disk folder, and remotely transmits the image and meteorological factor data to a server via a wireless network;

[0076] S13: Control the stage 1 to move forward horizontally along the Y-axis direction to recover the glass slides 8 of this round, and end the collection;

[0077] S14: Check whether the number of collections reaches the preset number of rounds N. If not, return to S2.

[0078] In Example 3, please refer to the attached Figure 4-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: an integrated intelligent monitoring device for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, wherein a collecting port 31 is provided at the lower end of the bellows 22, and a filter cotton block 32 is provided at a position where the bellows 22 is connected to the air outlet pipe 25.

[0079] During operation, the air is filtered by the filter cotton block 32 when passing through the bellows 22, and the filtered spores are discharged from the collection port 31 and adhere to the vaseline layer on the upper surface of the slide glass 8, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically collecting the spores; and the air is discharged after passing through the air outlet pipe 25.

[0080] In order to reduce the phenomenon that spores adhere to the surface of the filter cotton block 32 when the air is filtered through the filter cotton block 32, a pair of fixed glass slides 36 that can be relatively opened and closed are fixedly provided on one side of the filter cotton block 32 close to the inside of the bellows 22, and the surfaces of the fixed glass slides 36 are coated with vaseline. When the air is sucked out from the air outlet pipe 25, the air pushes the pair of fixed glass slides 36 to open, and the air is discharged from the flow opening 6 formed between the pair of fixed glass slides 36 along the surface of the fixed glass slides 36, and the spores in the air can adhere to the surface of the fixed glass slides 36. In the present invention, an upper supporting base plate 34 is further installed on the inner wall of the bellows 22, and an electric cylinder 35 is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the upper supporting base plate 34, and a scraper box 33 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the electric cylinder 35, and the scraper box 33 is movably fitted on the wind box 22. On the inner wall of one side of the box 22 close to the air outlet duct 25, when the electric cylinder 35 is started to push the scraper box 33 down, the scraper box 33 can be used to regularly scrape and drop the spores adhered to the surface of the fixed glass slide 36. A part of the spores directly falls from the collecting port 31 to the surface of the glass slide 8, and the other part of the spores are still adhered to the lower surface of the scraper box 33. Therefore, in the present invention, a release film 37 is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the scraper box 33. When the electric cylinder 35 continues to push the scraper box 33 down until it is attached to the surface of the glass slide 8, the vaseline and spores adhered to the surface of the release film 37 will adhere to the surface of the vaseline layer on the surface of the glass slide 8. The surface of the release film 37 is relatively smooth, and the spores and vaseline are not easy to remain on the surface of the release film 37, thereby achieving the purpose of collecting all the spores in the air on the surface of the glass slide 8, and it is not easy to have residues.

[0081] In order to replenish vaseline on the surface of the fixed glass slide 36 under the condition of no real-time maintenance in the field, vaseline is filled in the scraper box 33, and a replenishing port 7 connected to the interior of the scraper box 33 is provided on one side of the scraper box 33 close to the air outlet pipe 25, and a replenishing pipe 38 is provided on the upper end of the scraper box 33. The end of the replenishing pipe 38 passes through the outside of the bellows 22, and the end of the replenishing pipe 38 is connected to a pressure pump and a tank body. The pressure pump transports the vaseline stored in the tank body to the interior of the scraper box 33 for replenishment, and the pressure pump pressurizes the interior of the scraper box 33 so that the pressure inside the scraper box 33 is sufficient. When the scraper box 33 descends to scrape off the vaseline and spores on the surface of the fixed glass slide 36 and then resets, since the replenishing port 7 passes through the surface of the fixed glass slide 36, when there is a certain pressure inside the scraper box 33, the vaseline inside the scraper box 33 will be squeezed out from the replenishing port 7 by the action of pressure and coated on the surface of the fixed glass slide 36, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically replenishing vaseline.

[0082] It is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring device for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, characterized in that: include: A microscopic image acquisition mechanism (3), the microscopic image acquisition mechanism (3) comprising a microscope digital camera (15), a lens barrel (16), an objective lens (17), an adjustable nut (18) and a microscope image acquisition support plate (19), the microscope digital camera (15) being mounted on the microscope image acquisition support plate (19), the lens barrel (16) and the objective lens (17) being arranged on the microscope digital camera (15) in sequence, and the adjustable nut (18) being arranged on the microscope digital camera (15); A spore catching air duct mechanism (4), wherein the spore catching air duct mechanism (4) is fixedly mounted on a linear guide rail linear slide (21) by means of screws, a first motor (20) for enabling the linear guide rail linear slide (21) to slide up and down is arranged above the linear guide rail linear slide (21), a bellows (22) is connected below the linear guide rail linear slide (21), one side of the bellows (22) is connected to an air suction fan (26) via an air outlet pipe (25), an air inlet pipe (24) is arranged above the spore catching air duct mechanism (4), and an air inlet cover (23) is arranged above the air inlet pipe (24); A stage (1), the stage (1) being used to hold a glass slide (8), the stage (1) being connected to a vacuum pump via a hose; A glass slide bin mechanism (2), wherein the glass slide bin mechanism (2), the microscopic image acquisition mechanism (3), and the spore capture air duct mechanism (4) are all arranged above the stage (1), and the glass slide bin mechanism (2) comprises a vertical guide rail linear slide module (10) formed by a second motor (9), a glass slide bin (11), a bin bottom plate (12), a glass slide limit block (13), and a glass slide bin support plate (14), wherein the glass slide bin (11) is fixed on the vertical guide rail linear slide module (10) by screws, and the second motor (9) drives the glass slide bin (11) to move vertically along the Z-axis direction of the vertical guide rail linear slide module (10). The slide bin (11) is movable up and down, the bottom of the outer wall of one side of the slide bin (11) is connected to a slide stop block (13), the slides (8) are stacked in the slide bin (11), the bottom of the slide bin (11) and the bottom of the side wall close to the slide stop block (13) are both provided with a hollow structure for the slides (8) to be pushed out, the bin bottom plate (12) is fixed to one side of the bottom of the slide bin (11) by screws, the second motor (9) is fixedly mounted above the vertical guide rail linear slide module (10), the slide bin support plate (14) is fixedly mounted on one side of the vertical guide rail linear slide module (10), and the slide bin support plate (14) is fixed to an external support; An upper support base plate (34) is mounted on the inner wall of the bellows (22); an electric cylinder (35) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper support base plate (34); a scraper box (33) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the electric cylinder (35); A replenishing port (7) communicating with the interior of the scraper box (33) is provided on one side of the scraper box (33) close to the air outlet pipe (25); a replenishing pipe (38) is provided at the upper end of the scraper box (33); an end of the replenishing pipe (38) passes through the exterior of the wind box (22); A collecting port (31) is provided at the lower end of the wind box (22), and a filter cotton block (32) is provided at a position where the wind box (22) communicates with the air outlet pipe (25); A pair of fixed glass slides (36) that can be opened and closed relative to each other are fixedly disposed on one side of the filter cotton block (32) close to the interior of the bellows (22), and the surfaces of the fixed glass slides (36) are coated with vaseline; The scraper box (33) is movably attached to an inner wall of the bellows (22) on one side close to the air outlet pipe (25), and a release film (37) is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the scraper box (33); Meteorological sensor components: rainfall sensor, wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor, temperature and humidity sensor and light intensity sensor are used to collect meteorological factor information such as temperature and humidity, light intensity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall to complete the monitoring of meteorological factor information related to crop growth.

2. The device and method for integrated intelligent monitoring of airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microscope digital camera (15) is connected to the microprocessor via a USB data cable; the microprocessor is connected to a driver and a relay I / O module via an RS485 bus to achieve signal transmission and control; the driver drives the rotation and start / stop control of the first motor by adjusting the number of pulses via a PWM signal; the first motor is connected to a spore capturing air duct mechanism (4); the microprocessor and the vacuum pump are both arranged below the stage (1); the microprocessor and the vacuum pump are connected via a relay I / O module; the relay I / O module and the suction fan (26) are connected via a control module; the control module uses a chip processor with adjustable output current; the output current is adjusted by outputting PWM signals with different duty ratios, thereby achieving stable quantitative adjustment of the rotation speed of the suction fan (26).

3. The intelligent monitoring device for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The middle part of the microscopic image acquisition support plate (19) is hollowed out, and the microscopic image acquisition support plate (19) is used to be connected to an external support. A spore capture air duct support plate (30) is fixedly arranged on one side of the linear guide rail linear slide (21), and the spore capture air duct support plate (30) is hollowed out and connected to an external support.

4. The intelligent monitoring device for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The middle of the film bin bottom plate (12) has a groove (27) with the same thickness as a glass slide (8), the middle of the groove (27) has a long strip-shaped gap (28), and the front end of the groove (27) close to the glass slide stop block (13) has an inclined slope (29).

5. An integrated intelligent monitoring method for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors, characterized in that: The device comprising the integrated intelligent monitoring device for airborne fungal spores and meteorological factors as claimed in claim 4 further comprises the following steps: S1: The microprocessor is powered on and the software interface is automatically opened. The acquisition time, number of acquisition rounds, acquisition step length and other parameters can be set through local or remote control; S2: After clicking the start acquisition button, wait for the preset acquisition time instruction; S3: When the acquisition time comes, each motor starts self-checking and resetting to check whether each component is normal. After the self-check is completed, the device status is sent to the microprocessor: drive module status, I / O module status parameters; S4: Use meteorological sensor components: rainfall sensor, wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor, temperature and humidity sensor and light intensity sensor to collect meteorological factor information of temperature and humidity, light intensity, wind speed and direction, and rainfall to complete the monitoring of meteorological factor information related to crop growth; S5: the stage (1) automatically pushes the glass slide (8), then turns on the vacuum pump to fix the glass slide (8) by vacuum negative pressure, and applies vaseline on the glass slide (8); S6: the stage (1) continues to move horizontally to the left to a designated position below the spore capture air duct mechanism (4), and then the vacuum pump is turned on to fix the glass slide (8) by vacuum negative pressure adsorption, the bellows (22) of the spore capture air duct mechanism (4) is vertically downward and closely attached to the glass slide (8), and at the same time, the suction fan (26) is turned on to suction air by negative pressure; S7: The capture time range is 2 to 24 hours, capturing spores in the air according to the set time; S8: After the capture is completed, the suction fan (26) is turned off to stop the suction, and the spore capture air duct mechanism (4) is reset and the vacuum pump is turned off at the same time to complete the capture of spores in the air; S9: the stage (1) moves horizontally to the right to a designated position below the microscopic image acquisition mechanism (3), and then the microscope point beam light source (5) on one side of the stage (1) is turned on, and the microscope camera (15) is turned on; S10: controlling the stage (1) to move horizontally along the XY axis plane according to a preset step length parameter to collect microscopic images of spores at different positions on the slide (8); S11: Turn off the microscope spot light source (5) and the microscope camera (15) to complete the acquisition of spore microscopic images; S12: The microprocessor stores the image and meteorological factor data in a hard disk folder, and remotely transmits the image and meteorological factor data to a server via a wireless network; S13: Controlling the stage (1) to move forward horizontally along the Y-axis direction to recover the glass slides (8) of this round, thereby ending the collection; S14: Check whether the number of collections reaches the preset number of rounds N. If not, return to S2.

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