Photovoltaic power generation management system and method based on big data

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic power generation management system and method based on big data, which belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation management. The present invention includes: S10: analyzing the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment; S20: analyzing the real-time fault situation of the power grid; S30: predicting the power supply margin index of the power grid according to the real-time power consumption of the power grid user end, and analyzing the power supply distribution ratio of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment in combination with the power generation situation of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment; S40: determining the backup power supply of the power grid. The present invention determines the backup power supply of the power grid according to the quality index of the electric energy, and the determined backup power supply can ensure the stable operation of the power grid. At the same time, in the process of determining the backup power supply, the real-time power supply situation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment and the power grid is analyzed, which further improves the management effect of the system on photovoltaic power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation management, and in particular to a photovoltaic power generation management system and method based on big data. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interfaces to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. It is mainly composed of three parts: solar panels (modules), controllers and inverters, and the main parts are composed of electronic components.

[0003] Photovoltaic power generation is greatly affected by weather conditions and seasonal changes, so power generation is relatively unstable. In order to meet users' electricity needs, solar energy is usually used as a supplementary energy source for the power grid, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of renewable energy and the stability of the power grid. However, in the process of managing photovoltaic power generation through existing technologies, it is impossible to improve the utilization rate of photovoltaic energy, and it is impossible to accurately analyze the real-time power supply mode of the power supply end of the power grid. At the same time, it is impossible to analyze the fault situation of the power grid according to the quality coefficient of the electric energy in the power grid, and it is impossible to ensure the stable operation of the power grid. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power generation management system and method based on big data to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic power generation management method based on big data, the method comprising:

[0006] S10: Connect the photovoltaic power generation equipment to the power grid through the energy storage system, obtain the historical power supply data set of the power supply end of the power grid, calculate the asymmetry of the power supply current and power supply voltage of the power grid, and analyze the quality index of the power grid and the power generation equipment based on the change of the power supply frequency of the power grid. The energy storage system is used to store the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0007] S20: Based on the analyzed quality index of the power grid and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment, the real-time fault condition of the power grid is analyzed, and based on the analysis result, the power grid is maintained. After the maintenance, the operation of S10 is repeated to re-analyze the quality index of the power grid and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0008] S30: predicting the power supply margin index of the power grid according to the real-time power consumption of the power grid user end, and analyzing the power supply distribution ratio of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment in combination with the power generation conditions of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0009] S40: Determine the backup power supply of the power grid according to the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment analyzed in S20, and the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0010] Further, the S10 includes:

[0011] S101: Acquire a historical power supply data set M of the power supply end of the power grid at time intervals T, M = {(x1, y1, p1), ..., (x m ,y m ,p m )}, where t = 1, 2, ..., m, represents the number corresponding to each acquisition time point of the historical power supply data, m represents the total number, x t represents the three-phase power supply current of the power grid power supply end collected at the collection time point numbered t, y t represents the three-phase power supply voltage of the power supply end of the power grid collected at the collection time point numbered t, p t Indicates the power supply frequency of the power supply end of the power grid collected at the collection time point numbered t;

[0012] S102: Processing the collected three-phase power supply current and three-phase power supply voltage by symmetrical component method, and calculating the positive sequence component I of the three-phase power supply current collected at the collection time point numbered t 1t , negative sequence component I 2t , and the positive sequence component V of the three-phase power supply voltage collected at the collection time point numbered t 1t , negative sequence component V 2t To obtain, according to The asymmetry between the power supply current and the power supply voltage of the power grid is calculated, wherein γ represents the asymmetry between the power supply current and the power supply voltage of the power grid;

[0013] S103: According to The stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid is calculated, where F represents the rated operating frequency of the power grid, min represents the minimum value symbol, and τ represents the stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid;

[0014] S104: According to U=1-τ 1-γ The quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is predicted, wherein U represents the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0015] Further, the S20 includes:

[0016] S201: Compare U with a set threshold D. If D<U<1, it means that there is no fault in the power grid at this time. If 0≤U≤D, it means that a fault occurs in the power grid at this time, where U=0.8;

[0017] S202: When a fault occurs in the power grid, if γ+ε<1, the maintenance personnel will check the short circuit and disconnection of the power transmission line in the power grid, and choose whether to perform maintenance on the power transmission line in the power grid according to the results of the inspection. After that, the power supply of the power grid in each power supply line is collected, and the maximum value Q and the minimum value Z of the collected power supply are determined. If This indicates that the power supply of the power grid is asymmetric. At this time, the maintenance personnel will connect some user terminals in the power supply line corresponding to the maximum power supply to the power supply line corresponding to the minimum power supply. The size relationship between them is judged. If According to Determine some user terminals connected to the power supply line corresponding to the power supply amount. According to Determine some of the user terminals connected to the power supply line corresponding to the power supply amount, where β represents the error coefficient, d represents the total power consumption corresponding to the above-mentioned part of the user terminals, ε represents the maximum allowable error coefficient corresponding to the asymmetry of the three-phase current and three-phase voltage of the power grid, and X = the sum of the collected power supply amounts / the total number of power supply lines in the power grid;

[0018] If γ+ε≥1, then the electric energy Y output by the power grid generator during the interval between the collection time point numbered t and the collection time point numbered t+1 is t+1→t Collect, if Y t+2→t+1 -Y t+1→t With τ t+2 -τ t If the energy storage system is not connected to the grid during the interval between the collection time point numbered t+2 and the collection time point numbered t, it means that the grid generator is faulty. At this time, the maintenance personnel will perform maintenance on the grid generator. Since the power output of the grid generator per unit time is proportional to the grid frequency, when Y t+2→t+1 -Y t+1→t With τ t+2 -τ t When the two numbers have the same positive or negative sign, it means that they are in direct proportion. The same sign means that the two numbers are both positive or negative.

[0019] S203: After the maintenance personnel perform maintenance on the power grid, the operation of S10 is repeated to reanalyze the quality index of the power grid and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0020] Further, the S30 includes:

[0021] S301: Acquire the historical electricity consumption data set of the power grid user end in any day and the power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in any day at a time interval T, and determine the historical average electricity consumption data set N′ of the power grid user end in one day and the historical average power generation data set E′ of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in one day based on the acquired data sets, wherein: Indicates the number corresponding to the data collection time point, n = 1440 / T, It represents the average power consumption of the power grid in the time period [(j-1)*T,j*T], It represents the average power generation of photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [(j-1)*T,j*T], q represents the total number of times the historical electricity consumption dataset is collected, h qj represents the power consumption of the power grid during the time period [(j-1)*T, j*T] collected for the qth time, g qj It represents the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment collected for the qth time in the time period [(j-1)*T,j*T];

[0022] S302: Taking time j*T as the independent variable, the average power consumption of the power grid user end As the dependent variable, the first segmentation model is constructed to describe the electricity consumption of the power grid user end within a day;

[0023] Taking time j*T as the independent variable, the average power generation of photovoltaic power generation equipment As the dependent variable, the second segmented model is constructed to describe the power generation of photovoltaic power generation equipment within a day;

[0024] S303: According to the second segmentation model, the total amount of electricity U stored by the energy storage system at time w w To confirm, According to the first segmentation model, the total power consumption H of the power grid user at time w w To confirm, According to θ w =[U w -H w -(maxh qj -minh qj )] / [H w +(maxh qj +minh qj )] to predict the power supply margin index of the power grid, where max represents the maximum value symbol, θ w represents the power supply margin index of the power grid at time w, represents the integer part of w / T, Indicates the power consumption end of the power grid in the time period Average electricity consumption within

[0025] S304: According to the second segmentation model, the power generation A of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [w, w+T] is determined. If A*(1-μ)>[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T , where H w+T represents the total power consumption of the power grid user at time w+T, and the power grid user is powered only by photovoltaic power generation equipment. At this time, the power supply allocation ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is 0: [(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T , if A*(1-μ)≤[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T , the grid generator and photovoltaic power generation equipment are used to supply power to the grid user end. At this time, the power supply distribution ratio between the grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is [(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T -A*(1-μ): A*(1-μ), after the photovoltaic power generation equipment stops supplying power to the grid, the energy storage system starts to store energy, where μ represents the remaining energy storage coefficient of the energy storage system, which can prevent the electric energy stored in the energy storage system from being fully released, thereby helping to increase the service life of the energy storage system. For example, when A=100 joules and μ=0.2, the remaining energy storage capacity of the energy storage system is A*μ=20 joules.

[0026] By analyzing the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and photovoltaic power generation equipment, it is helpful to clarify the real-time power consumption mode of the power grid, and then manage the real-time power supply of photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0027] Further, the S40 includes:

[0028] According to (1-U′)*[(U w / θ)*(1-θ)] to determine the backup power supply of the power grid;

[0029] When A*(1-μ)>[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T When the photovoltaic power generation equipment provides A*(1-μ)-[(U w / θ w )*(1-θw )]-H w+T The backup power supply capacity of the grid generator is (1-U′)*[(U w / θ)*(1-θ)]-{A*(1-μ)-[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]-H w+T}, the energy storage system starts to store energy after the photovoltaic power generation equipment completes power supply;

[0030] When A*(1-μ)≤[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T When the grid generator provides (1-U′)*[(U w / θ)*(1-θ)], at which time the energy storage system starts to store energy.

[0031] A photovoltaic power generation management system based on big data, the system comprising a power quality coefficient analysis module, a power grid fault analysis module, a power supply distribution ratio analysis module and a standby power supply determination module;

[0032] The power quality coefficient analysis module is used to analyze the quality index of the power generated by the power grid and photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0033] The power grid fault analysis module is used to analyze the real-time fault conditions of the power grid and re-analyze the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0034] The power supply distribution ratio analysis module is used to analyze the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0035] The standby power supply amount determination module is used to determine the standby power supply amount of the power grid.

[0036] Further, the power quality coefficient analysis module includes a historical power supply data set acquisition unit, an asymmetry calculation unit, a stability coefficient calculation unit and a power quality index prediction unit;

[0037] The historical power supply data set acquisition unit acquires the historical power supply data set of the power supply end of the power grid at a time interval T;

[0038] The asymmetry calculation unit processes the three-phase power supply current and the three-phase power supply voltage in the acquired historical power consumption data set by a symmetrical component method, and calculates the asymmetry of the power supply current and the power supply voltage of the power grid based on the processing result;

[0039] The stability coefficient calculation unit calculates the stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid according to the historical power consumption data set acquired by the historical power supply data set acquisition unit;

[0040] The power quality index prediction unit predicts the quality index of the power generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment according to the asymmetry calculated by the asymmetry calculation unit and the stability coefficient calculated by the stability coefficient calculation unit.

[0041] Further, the power grid fault analysis module includes a power grid fault judgment unit, a power grid fault cause analysis unit and a re-analysis unit;

[0042] The power grid fault judgment unit compares the power quality index predicted by the power quality index prediction unit with a set threshold value, and judges whether a power grid fault occurs based on the comparison result;

[0043] The power grid fault cause analysis unit analyzes the fault cause of the power grid according to the asymmetry calculated by the asymmetry calculation unit and the stability coefficient calculated by the stability coefficient calculation unit;

[0044] After the maintenance personnel perform maintenance on the power grid, the re-analysis unit repeats the operation of the power quality coefficient analysis module to re-analyze the quality index of the power grid and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0045] Further, the power supply allocation ratio analysis module includes a data set determination unit, a power generation and power consumption description unit, a power supply margin index prediction unit and a power supply allocation ratio analysis unit;

[0046] The data set determination unit acquires a historical power consumption data set of the power grid user end in any day and a power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in any day at a time interval T, and determines a historical average power consumption data set of the power grid user end in one day and a historical average power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in one day based on the acquired data sets;

[0047] The power generation and power consumption description unit uses time as an independent variable and the average power consumption of the power grid user end as a dependent variable to construct a first segmentation model to describe the power consumption of the power grid user end within a day, and uses time as an independent variable and the average power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment as a dependent variable to construct a second segmentation model to describe the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment within a day;

[0048] The power supply margin index prediction unit determines the total amount of electricity stored by the energy storage system at time w according to the second segmentation model, determines the total amount of electricity consumed by the power grid user at time w according to the first segmentation model, and predicts the power supply margin index of the power grid at time w based on the determination result;

[0049] The power supply distribution ratio analysis unit determines the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [w, w+T] according to the second segmented model, and analyzes the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment based on the determination result.

[0050] Furthermore, the backup power supply determination unit determines the backup power supply of the power grid according to the power supply margin index predicted by the power supply margin index prediction unit, and determines the power supply mode of the backup power supply in combination with the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [w, w+T]. In the determination process, the discharge state of the energy storage system is controlled to avoid excessive discharge of the energy storage system.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0052] 1. The present invention processes the historical power supply data of the power supply end of the power grid by the symmetrical component method, obtains the positive and negative sequence components of the three-phase power supply current and the three-phase power supply voltage, calculates the asymmetry of the power supply current and the power supply voltage in the power grid, and predicts the quality coefficient of the electric energy in the power grid in combination with the stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid. Based on the predicted power quality index, the real-time fault situation of the power grid is analyzed to avoid damage to the power consumption equipment at the user end of the power grid and the power grid equipment, thereby avoiding the photovoltaic energy from being unable to be used due to low quality, which is beneficial to improving the energy management effect of the power grid and photovoltaic.

[0053] 2. The present invention describes the power consumption of the power grid user end in one day and the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in one day by determining the historical average power consumption data set of the power grid user end in one day and the historical average power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in one day. According to the description results, the real-time power supply margin index of the power grid is analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the power supply distribution ratio of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is analyzed. This process takes into account the influence of weather conditions and seasonal changes on photovoltaic power generation, as well as the relationship between power consumption and power consumption time of the power grid user end, to ensure that the utilization rate of photovoltaic energy is improved when photovoltaic energy is used as a supplementary energy source for the power grid.

[0054] 3. The present invention determines the backup power supply of the power grid according to the quality index of electric energy. The determined backup power supply can ensure the stable operation of the power grid. At the same time, in the process of determining the backup power supply, the real-time power supply situation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment and the power grid is analyzed, which further improves the management effect of the system on photovoltaic power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of a photovoltaic power generation management system and method based on big data of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the working principle of a photovoltaic power generation management system and method based on big data in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a photovoltaic power generation management method based on big data, the method comprising:

[0060] S10: Connect the photovoltaic power generation equipment to the power grid through the energy storage system, obtain the historical power supply data set of the power supply end of the power grid, calculate the asymmetry of the power supply current and power supply voltage of the power grid, and analyze the quality index of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment in combination with the change of the power supply frequency of the power grid;

[0061] S10 includes:

[0062] S101: Acquire a historical power supply data set M of the power supply end of the power grid at time intervals T, M = {(x1, y1, p1), ..., (x m ,y m ,p m )}, where t = 1, 2, ..., m, represents the number corresponding to each acquisition time point of the historical power supply data, m represents the total number, x t represents the three-phase power supply current of the power grid power supply end collected at the collection time point numbered t, y t represents the three-phase power supply voltage of the power supply end of the power grid collected at the collection time point numbered t, p t Indicates the power supply frequency of the power supply end of the power grid collected at the collection time point numbered t;

[0063] S102: The collected three-phase power supply current and three-phase power supply voltage are processed by a symmetrical component method. The symmetrical component method decomposes a set of asymmetrical electrical quantities (such as voltage or current) into three sets of symmetrical three-phase phase quantities, namely, positive sequence component, negative sequence component and zero sequence component, by utilizing the inherent symmetry of the system. The positive sequence component I of the three-phase power supply current collected at the collection time point numbered t is1t , negative sequence component I 2t , and the positive sequence component V of the three-phase power supply voltage collected at the collection time point numbered t 1t , negative sequence component V 2t To obtain, according to The asymmetry of the power supply current and the power supply voltage of the power grid is calculated. The asymmetry is an indicator to measure the balance state of the multi-phase load, where γ represents the asymmetry of the power supply current and the power supply voltage of the power grid;

[0064] S103: According to The stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid is calculated, where F represents the rated operating frequency of the power grid, min represents the minimum value symbol, τ represents the stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid, and the rated operating frequency of the power grid refers to the operating frequency corresponding to the power grid system when it is in stable operation;

[0065] S104: According to U=1-τ 1-γ Predicting the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment, where U represents the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0066] S20: Based on the analyzed quality index of the power grid and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment, the real-time fault condition of the power grid is analyzed, and based on the analysis result, the power grid is maintained. After the maintenance, the operation of S10 is repeated to re-analyze the quality index of the power grid and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0067] The S20 includes:

[0068] S201: Compare U with a set threshold D. If D<U<1, it means that there is no fault in the power grid at this time. If 0≤U≤D, it means that a fault occurs in the power grid at this time, where U=0.8;

[0069] S202: When a fault occurs in the power grid, if γ+ε<1, the maintenance personnel will check the short circuit and disconnection of the power transmission line in the power grid, and choose whether to perform maintenance on the power transmission line in the power grid according to the results of the inspection. After that, the power supply of the power grid in each power supply line is collected, and the maximum value Q and the minimum value Z of the collected power supply are determined. If This indicates that the power supply of the power grid is asymmetric. The asymmetric power supply of the power grid refers to the fact that there is a large deviation between the power supply corresponding to two power supply lines in the power supply line of the power grid. At this time, the maintenance personnel connect some user terminals in the power supply line corresponding to the maximum power supply to the power supply line corresponding to the minimum power supply, and the QX and The size relationship between them is judged. If According to Determine some user terminals connected to the power supply line corresponding to the power supply amount. According to Determine some of the user terminals connected to the power supply line corresponding to the power supply amount, where β represents the error coefficient, d represents the total power consumption corresponding to the above-mentioned part of the user terminals, ε represents the maximum allowable error coefficient corresponding to the asymmetry of the three-phase current and three-phase voltage of the power grid, and X = the sum of the collected power supply amounts / the total number of power supply lines in the power grid;

[0070] If γ+ε≥1, then the electric energy Y output by the power grid generator during the interval between the collection time point numbered t and the collection time point numbered t+1 is t+1→t Collect, if Y t+2→t+1 -Y t+1→t With τ t+2 -τ t If the energy storage system is not connected to the grid during the interval between the collection time point numbered t+2 and the collection time point numbered t, it means that the grid generator is faulty. At this time, the maintenance personnel will perform maintenance on the grid generator. Among them, Y t+2→t+1 represents the electric energy output by the power grid generator during the interval between the acquisition time point numbered t+1 and the acquisition time point numbered t+2, τ t+2 Indicates the stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid corresponding to the collection time point numbered t+2;

[0071] S203: After the maintenance personnel perform maintenance on the power grid, the operation of S10 is repeated to reanalyze the quality index of the power grid and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0072] By calculating the quality index of electric energy, the fault conditions in the power grid are analyzed to avoid damage to the power equipment at the user end of the power grid and the power grid equipment, thereby avoiding the waste of photovoltaic energy and improving the energy management effect of the power grid and photovoltaics;

[0073] S30: predicting the power supply margin index of the power grid according to the real-time power consumption of the power grid user end, and analyzing the power supply distribution ratio of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment in combination with the power generation conditions of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0074] S30 includes:

[0075] S301: Acquire the historical electricity consumption data set of the power grid user end in any day and the power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in any day at a time interval T, and determine the historical average electricity consumption data set N′ of the power grid user end in one day and the historical average power generation data set E′ of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in one day based on the acquired data sets, wherein: Indicates the number corresponding to the data collection time point, n = 1440 / T, It represents the average power consumption of the power grid in the time period [(j-1)*T,j*T], It represents the average power generation of photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [(j-1)*T,j*T], q represents the total number of times the historical electricity consumption dataset is collected, h qj represents the power consumption of the power grid during the time period [(j-1)*T, j*T] collected for the qth time, g qj It represents the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment collected for the qth time in the time period [(j-1)*T,j*T];

[0076] S302: Taking time j*T as the independent variable, the average power consumption of the power grid user end As the dependent variable, the first segmentation model is constructed to describe the electricity consumption of the power grid user end within a day;

[0077] Taking time j*T as the independent variable, the average power generation of photovoltaic power generation equipment As the dependent variable, the second segmented model is constructed to describe the power generation of photovoltaic power generation equipment within a day;

[0078] S303: According to the second segmentation model, the total amount of electricity U stored by the energy storage system at time w w To confirm, According to the first segmentation model, the total power consumption H of the power grid user at time w w To confirm, According to θ w =[U w -H w -(maxh qj -minh qj )] / [H w +(maxh qj +minh qj )] to predict the power supply margin index of the power grid, where max represents the maximum value symbol, θ w represents the power supply margin index of the power grid at time w, represents the integer part of w / T;

[0079] The power supply margin index of the power grid refers to the gap measurement indicator between the power supply capacity of the power grid and the power demand of users when the power grid user end is supplied with power only by the power generated by photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0080] S304: According to the second segmentation model, the power generation A of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [w, w+T] is determined. If A*(1-μ)>[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T , where H w+T represents the total power consumption of the power grid user at time w+T, and the power grid user is powered only by photovoltaic power generation equipment. At this time, the power supply allocation ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is 0: [(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T , if A*(1-μ)≤[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T , the grid generator and photovoltaic power generation equipment are used to supply power to the grid user end. At this time, the power supply distribution ratio between the grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is [(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T -A*(1-μ): A*(1-μ), after the photovoltaic power generation equipment finishes supplying power to the grid, the energy storage system starts storing energy, where μ represents the remaining energy storage coefficient of the energy storage system;

[0081] Selecting the power supply mode at the user end of the power grid according to the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is conducive to improving the utilization rate of photovoltaic energy and reducing the power generation cost of the power grid, further improving the management effect of photovoltaic power generation;

[0082] S40: determining the backup power supply of the power grid according to the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment analyzed in S20, and the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0083] The S40 includes:

[0084] According to (1-U′)*[(U w / θ)*(1-θ)] to determine the backup power supply of the power grid;

[0085] When A*(1-μ)>[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T When the photovoltaic power generation equipment provides A*(1-μ)-[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]-H w+T The backup power supply capacity of the grid generator is (1-U′)*[(U w / θ)*(1-θ)]-{A*(1-μ)-[(Uw / θ w )*(1-θ w )]-H w+T}, the energy storage system starts to store energy after the photovoltaic power generation equipment completes power supply;

[0086] When A*(1-μ)≤[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T When the grid generator provides (1-U′)*[(U w / θ)*(1-θ)], at which time the energy storage system starts to store energy.

[0087] According to the quality index of electric energy, the backup power supply of the power grid is determined, and the determined backup power supply can ensure the stable operation of the power grid.

[0088] A photovoltaic power generation management system based on big data, the system includes a power quality coefficient analysis module, a power grid fault analysis module, a power supply distribution ratio analysis module and a standby power supply determination module;

[0089] The power quality coefficient analysis module is used to analyze the quality index of the power generated by the power grid and photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0090] The power quality coefficient analysis module includes a historical power supply data set acquisition unit, an asymmetry calculation unit, a stability coefficient calculation unit and a power quality index prediction unit;

[0091] The historical power supply data set acquisition unit acquires the historical power supply data set of the power supply end of the power grid at a time interval T;

[0092] The asymmetry calculation unit processes the three-phase power supply current and the three-phase power supply voltage in the acquired historical power consumption data set by using the symmetrical component method, and calculates the asymmetry of the power supply current and the power supply voltage of the power grid based on the processing result;

[0093] The stability coefficient calculation unit calculates the stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid according to the historical power consumption data set acquired by the historical power supply data set acquisition unit;

[0094] The power quality index prediction unit predicts the quality index of the power generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment according to the asymmetry calculated by the asymmetry calculation unit and the stability coefficient calculated by the stability coefficient calculation unit;

[0095] The power grid fault analysis module is used to analyze the real-time fault conditions of the power grid and re-analyze the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0096] The power grid fault analysis module includes a power grid fault judgment unit, a power grid fault cause analysis unit and a re-analysis unit;

[0097] The power grid fault judgment unit compares the power quality index predicted by the power quality index prediction unit with a set threshold value, and judges whether a power grid fault occurs based on the comparison result;

[0098] The power grid fault cause analysis unit analyzes the fault cause of the power grid according to the asymmetry calculated by the asymmetry calculation unit and the stability coefficient calculated by the stability coefficient calculation unit;

[0099] After the maintenance personnel have performed maintenance on the power grid, the reanalysis unit repeats the operation of the power quality coefficient analysis module to reanalyze the quality index of the power grid and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0100] The power supply distribution ratio analysis module is used to analyze the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment;

[0101] The power supply allocation ratio analysis module includes a data set determination unit, a power generation and power consumption description unit, a power supply margin index prediction unit and a power supply allocation ratio analysis unit;

[0102] The data set determination unit acquires the historical power consumption data set of the power grid user end in any day and the power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in any day at a time interval T, and determines the historical average power consumption data set of the power grid user end in one day and the historical average power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in one day based on the acquired data sets;

[0103] The power generation and power consumption description unit takes time as the independent variable and the average power consumption of the power grid user end as the dependent variable to construct the first segmentation model to describe the power consumption of the power grid user end within a day. The second segmentation model takes time as the independent variable and the average power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment as the dependent variable to describe the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment within a day.

[0104] The power supply margin index prediction unit determines the total amount of electricity stored by the energy storage system at time w according to the second segmentation model, determines the total amount of electricity consumed by the power grid user at time w according to the first segmentation model, and predicts the power supply margin index of the power grid at time w based on the determination result;

[0105] The power supply distribution ratio analysis unit determines the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [w, w+T] according to the second segmented model, and analyzes the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment based on the determination result;

[0106] The standby power supply amount determination module is used to determine the standby power supply amount of the power grid;

[0107] The backup power supply determination unit determines the backup power supply of the power grid according to the power supply margin index predicted by the power supply margin index prediction unit, and determines the power supply mode of the backup power supply in combination with the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [w, w+T].

[0108] Example 1: Assuming that the rated operating frequency of the power grid is F=50 Hz, the power supply frequencies of the power supply end of the power grid collected at the collection time point numbered 1 are p1=48 Hz, p2=46 Hz, p3=45 Hz, and p4=50 Hz, then minp t =45 Hz, then the stability factor of the power supply frequency of the power grid is:

[0109]

[0110] Then, the stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid is 0.55;

[0111] Assuming γ = 0.6, the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and photovoltaic power generation equipment is:

[0112] U=1-τ 1-γ =1-0.55 1-0.6 =0.21;

[0113] Then, at this time, the quality index of the electricity generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is 0.21.

[0114] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation management method based on big data, characterized in that: The method comprises: S10: Connect the photovoltaic power generation equipment to the power grid through the energy storage system, obtain the historical power supply data set of the power supply end of the power grid, calculate the asymmetry of the power supply current and power supply voltage of the power grid, and analyze the quality index of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment in combination with the change of the power supply frequency of the power grid; The S10 includes: S101: Acquire a historical power supply data set M of the power supply end of the power grid at time intervals T, M = {(x1, y1, p1), ..., (x m ,y m ,p m )}, where t = 1, 2, ..., m, represents the number corresponding to each acquisition time point of the historical power supply data, m represents the total number, x t represents the three-phase power supply current of the power grid power supply end collected at the collection time point numbered t, y t represents the three-phase power supply voltage of the power supply end of the power grid collected at the collection time point numbered t, p t Indicates the power supply frequency of the power supply end of the power grid collected at the collection time point numbered t; S102: Processing the collected three-phase power supply current and three-phase power supply voltage by symmetrical component method, and calculating the positive sequence component I of the three-phase power supply current collected at the collection time point numbered t 1t , negative sequence component I 2t , and the positive sequence component V of the three-phase power supply voltage collected at the collection time point numbered t 1t , negative sequence component V 2t To obtain, according to The asymmetry between the power supply current and the power supply voltage of the power grid is calculated, wherein γ represents the asymmetry between the power supply current and the power supply voltage of the power grid; S103: According to The stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid is calculated, where F represents the rated operating frequency of the power grid, min represents the minimum value symbol, and τ represents the stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid; S104: According to U=1-τ 1-γ Predicting the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment, where U represents the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment; S20: Based on the analyzed quality index of the power grid and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment, the real-time fault condition of the power grid is analyzed, and based on the analysis result, the power grid is maintained. After the maintenance, the operation of S10 is repeated to re-analyze the quality index of the power grid and the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment; The S20 includes: S201: Compare U with a set threshold D. If D<U<1, it means that there is no fault in the power grid at this time. If 0≤U≤D, it means that a fault occurs in the power grid at this time, where U=0.8; S202: When a fault occurs in the power grid, if γ+ε<1, the maintenance personnel will check the short circuit and disconnection of the power transmission line in the power grid, and choose whether to perform maintenance on the power transmission line in the power grid according to the results of the inspection. After that, the power supply of the power grid in each power supply line is collected, and the maximum value Q and the minimum value Z of the collected power supply are determined. If This indicates that the power supply of the power grid is asymmetric. At this time, the maintenance personnel will connect some user terminals in the power supply line corresponding to the maximum power supply to the power supply line corresponding to the minimum power supply. The size relationship between them is judged. If According to Determine some user terminals connected to the power supply line corresponding to the power supply amount. According to Determine some of the user terminals connected to the power supply line corresponding to the power supply amount, where β represents the error coefficient, d represents the total power consumption corresponding to the above-mentioned part of the user terminals, ε represents the maximum allowable error coefficient corresponding to the asymmetry of the three-phase current and three-phase voltage of the power grid, and X = the sum of the collected power supply amounts / the total number of power supply lines in the power grid; If γ+ε≥1, then the electric energy Y output by the power grid generator during the interval between the collection time point numbered t and the collection time point numbered t+1 is t+1→t Collect, if Y t+2→t+1 -Y t+1→t With τ t+2 -τ t If the energy storage system is not connected to the grid during the interval between the collection time point numbered t+2 and the collection time point numbered t, it indicates that the grid generator is faulty, and maintenance personnel should perform maintenance on the grid generator at this time; S203: After the maintenance personnel perform maintenance on the power grid, the operation of S10 is repeated to reanalyze the quality index of the power grid and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment; S30: predicting the power supply margin index of the power grid according to the real-time power consumption of the power grid user end, and analyzing the power supply distribution ratio of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment in combination with the power generation conditions of the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment; S40: Determine the backup power supply of the power grid according to the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment analyzed in S20, and the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

2. The photovoltaic power generation management method based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S30 includes: S301: Obtain the historical power consumption data set of the power grid user end in any day and the power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in any day at time intervals T, and calculate the historical average power consumption data set N of the power grid user end in one day based on the acquired data sets. ′ , and the historical average power generation data set E of photovoltaic power generation equipment in one day ′ To determine, j=1,2,…,n, represents the number corresponding to the data collection time point, n=1440 / T, It represents the average power consumption of the power grid in the time period [(j-1)*T,j*T], It represents the average power generation of photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [(j-1)*T,j*T], q represents the total number of times the historical electricity consumption dataset is collected, h qj represents the power consumption of the power grid during the time period [(j-1)*T, j*T] collected for the qth time, g qj It represents the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment collected for the qth time in the time period [(j-1)*T,j*T]; S302: Taking time j*T as the independent variable, the average power consumption of the power grid user end As the dependent variable, the first segmentation model is constructed to describe the electricity consumption of the power grid user end within a day; Taking time j*T as the independent variable, the average power generation of photovoltaic power generation equipment As the dependent variable, the second segmented model is constructed to describe the power generation of photovoltaic power generation equipment within a day; S303: According to the second segmentation model, the total amount of electricity U stored by the energy storage system at time w w To confirm, According to the first segmentation model, the total power consumption H of the power grid user at time w w To confirm, According to θ w =[U w -H w -(maxh qj -minh qj )] / [H w +(maxh qj +minh qj )] to predict the power supply margin index of the power grid, where max represents the maximum value symbol, θ w represents the power supply margin index of the power grid at time w, represents the integer part of w / T, Indicates the power consumption end of the power grid in the time period The average power consumption in Indicates the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period Average power generation within S304: According to the second segmentation model, the power generation A of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [w, w+T] is determined. If A*(1-μ)>[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T , where H w+T represents the total power consumption of the power grid user at time w+T, and the power grid user is powered only by photovoltaic power generation equipment. At this time, the power supply allocation ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is 0: [(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T , if A*(1-μ)≤[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T , the grid generator and photovoltaic power generation equipment are used to supply power to the grid user end. At this time, the power supply distribution ratio between the grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment is [(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T -A*(1-μ): A*(1-μ), after the photovoltaic power generation equipment finishes supplying power to the grid, the energy storage system starts storing energy, where μ represents the remaining energy storage coefficient of the energy storage system.

3. The photovoltaic power generation management method based on big data according to claim 2 is characterized by: The S40 includes: According to (1-U′)*[(U w / θ)*(1-θ)] to determine the backup power supply of the power grid; When A*(1-μ)>[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T When the photovoltaic power generation equipment provides A*(1-μ)-[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]-H w+T The backup power supply capacity of the grid generator is (1-U′)*[(U w / θ)*(1-θ)]-{A*(1-μ)-[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]-H w+T }, the energy storage system starts to store energy after the photovoltaic power generation equipment completes power supply; When A*(1-μ)≤[(U w / θ w )*(1-θ w )]+H w+T When θ=0, the grid generator provides a backup power supply of (1-U′)*[(Uw / θ)*(1-θ)], and the energy storage system starts to store energy.

4. A photovoltaic power generation management system based on big data applied to the photovoltaic power generation management method based on big data according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The system includes a power quality coefficient analysis module, a power grid fault analysis module, a power supply distribution ratio analysis module and a standby power supply amount determination module; The power quality coefficient analysis module is used to analyze the quality index of the power generated by the power grid and photovoltaic power generation equipment; The power grid fault analysis module is used to analyze the real-time fault conditions of the power grid and re-analyze the quality index of the electric energy generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment; The power supply distribution ratio analysis module is used to analyze the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment; The standby power supply amount determination module is used to determine the standby power supply amount of the power grid.

5. A photovoltaic power generation management system based on big data according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power quality coefficient analysis module includes a historical power supply data set acquisition unit, an asymmetry calculation unit, a stability coefficient calculation unit and a power quality index prediction unit; The historical power supply data set acquisition unit acquires the historical power supply data set of the power supply end of the power grid at a time interval T; The asymmetry calculation unit processes the three-phase power supply current and the three-phase power supply voltage in the acquired historical power consumption data set by a symmetrical component method, and calculates the asymmetry of the power supply current and the power supply voltage of the power grid based on the processing result; The stability coefficient calculation unit calculates the stability coefficient of the power supply frequency of the power grid according to the historical power consumption data set acquired by the historical power supply data set acquisition unit; The power quality index prediction unit predicts the quality index of the power generated by the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment according to the asymmetry calculated by the asymmetry calculation unit and the stability coefficient calculated by the stability coefficient calculation unit.

6. The photovoltaic power generation management system based on big data according to claim 5 is characterized by: The power grid fault analysis module includes a power grid fault judgment unit, a power grid fault cause analysis unit and a re-analysis unit; The power grid fault judgment unit compares the power quality index predicted by the power quality index prediction unit with a set threshold value, and judges whether a power grid fault occurs based on the comparison result; The power grid fault cause analysis unit analyzes the fault cause of the power grid according to the asymmetry calculated by the asymmetry calculation unit and the stability coefficient calculated by the stability coefficient calculation unit; After the maintenance personnel perform maintenance on the power grid, the re-analysis unit repeats the operation of the power quality coefficient analysis module to re-analyze the quality index of the power grid and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

7. A photovoltaic power generation management system based on big data according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power supply allocation ratio analysis module includes a data set determination unit, a power generation and power consumption description unit, a power supply margin index prediction unit and a power supply allocation ratio analysis unit; The data set determination unit acquires a historical power consumption data set of the power grid user end in any day and a power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in any day at a time interval T, and determines a historical average power consumption data set of the power grid user end in one day and a historical average power generation data set of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in one day based on the acquired data sets; The power generation and power consumption description unit uses time as an independent variable and the average power consumption of the power grid user end as a dependent variable to construct a first segmentation model to describe the power consumption of the power grid user end within a day, and uses time as an independent variable and the average power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment as a dependent variable to construct a second segmentation model to describe the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment within a day; The power supply margin index prediction unit determines the total amount of electricity stored by the energy storage system at time w according to the second segmentation model, determines the total amount of electricity consumed by the power grid user at time w according to the first segmentation model, and predicts the power supply margin index of the power grid at time w based on the determination result; The power supply distribution ratio analysis unit determines the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [w, w+T] according to the second segmented model, and analyzes the power supply distribution ratio between the power grid and the photovoltaic power generation equipment based on the determination result.

8. A photovoltaic power generation management system based on big data according to claim 7, characterized in that: The backup power supply determination unit determines the backup power supply of the power grid according to the power supply margin index predicted by the power supply margin index prediction unit, and determines the power supply mode of the backup power supply in combination with the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in the time period [w, w+T].

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