Air dielectric antenna device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology in wireless communication transmission, and discloses an air dielectric antenna device, which includes an antenna substrate, a metal sheet antenna, a feeder circuit and a U-shaped metal wall; wherein the antenna substrate includes a first surface and a second surface; the first surface is a metal surface, constituting a ground potential metal plate; the second surface is provided with an antenna circuit and components and includes a circuit shielding cover; the metal sheet antenna is connected to a circuit signal source on the second surface of the antenna substrate through a feeder circuit, and two mutually orthogonal current resonance modes of the metal sheet antenna are excited; the first surface of the antenna substrate is welded with a U-shaped metal wall, and the U-shaped metal wall is close to the diagonal of the metal sheet antenna to generate electric field line reflection. The present invention utilizes the U-shaped metal wall structural design to realize the miniaturization and lightweight of the antenna under air dielectric conditions, reduce the dielectric loss of the antenna, optimize the directivity of the antenna, and ultimately achieve the effect of enhancing the radiation gain of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antennas in wireless communication transmission, and in particular to an air dielectric antenna device. Background Art

[0002] Satellite positioning antennas are generally based on metal sheet antennas that simultaneously excite two mutually perpendicular inherent resonance modes on the metal plate through feeding lines. The two inherent resonance modes are called Ex and Ey respectively. The resonance frequencies of the Ex and Ey resonance modes are often higher than the signal frequency band of satellite communications during actual operation. Therefore, the resonance frequencies of the two modes can only be controlled within the satellite positioning frequency band by increasing the size of the metal sheet antenna or using ceramic media with a high molecular dielectric constant.

[0003] However, it is difficult to miniaturize the antenna by increasing its physical size to make it close to the half-wavelength of the satellite signal. In addition, a resonant cavity is formed between the metal sheet antenna and the ground potential metal plate of the antenna substrate. Filling the cavity with ceramic dielectric changes the dielectric constant of the cavity, increasing the electric field line density and thus changing the resonant frequency of the cavity, making it difficult to meet the index requirements of satellite communications. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention provides an air dielectric antenna device to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] In order to have a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended to be a general review, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or to delineate the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its only purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a preface to the detailed description that follows.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an air dielectric antenna device is provided.

[0007] The air dielectric antenna device comprises: an antenna substrate, a metal sheet antenna, a feeder circuit and a U-shaped metal wall; wherein:

[0008] The antenna substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface; the first surface is a metal surface, forming a ground potential metal plate; the second surface is provided with an antenna circuit and components and comprises a circuit shielding cover;

[0009] The metal sheet antenna is connected to a circuit signal source on the second surface of the antenna substrate via the feed line to excite two mutually orthogonal current resonance modes of the metal sheet antenna;

[0010] At least one U-shaped metal wall is welded to the first surface of the antenna substrate, and the U-shaped metal wall is close to the diagonal of the metal sheet antenna to generate electric field line reflection.

[0011] Optionally, there are at least four U-shaped metal walls, and the four U-shaped metal walls are respectively located on four sides of the metal sheet antenna.

[0012] Optionally, there are at least eight U-shaped metal walls, and every two U-shaped metal walls are close to a diagonal corner of the metal sheet antenna at the same time and are respectively located on adjacent sides of the metal sheet antenna.

[0013] Optionally, the metal sheet antenna is provided with a feeding slot, and an edge of the feeding slot is connected to a signal source via a feeding line.

[0014] Optionally, a metal foot portion extends from the metal sheet antenna close to the U-shaped metal wall, and the other end of the metal foot portion is fixedly connected to the first surface of the antenna substrate.

[0015] Optionally, there are at least four metal feet, and each metal foot is close to a U-shaped metal wall.

[0016] Optionally, there are at least four metal feet, and each metal foot is close to two adjacent U-shaped metal walls at the same time.

[0017] Optionally, the first surface of the antenna substrate is located around the metal foot and is a ground potential metal clearance area.

[0018] Optionally, the ground potential metal clearance area is provided with an antenna microstrip line for controlling the resonant frequency of the metal sheet antenna.

[0019] Optionally, the metal foot is a non-metallic support structure, and the resonant frequency of the antenna is controlled based on the dielectric constant of the non-metallic material.

[0020] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention utilizes a U-shaped metal wall structure design to achieve miniaturization and lightweight of the antenna under air medium conditions, reduce the dielectric loss of the antenna, optimize the directivity of the antenna, and ultimately achieve the effect of enhancing the antenna radiation gain.

[0022] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the air dielectric antenna device in Embodiment 1;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal sheet antenna and the U-shaped metal wall in the first embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 The antenna substrate structure in the first embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 4 The structure of the antenna substrate in the first embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the air dielectric antenna device in Embodiment 2;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal sheet antenna and the U-shaped metal wall in the second embodiment;

[0030] Figure 7 The antenna substrate structure in the second embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 8 The structure of the antenna substrate in the second embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Antenna substrate; 101. First surface; 102. Second surface; 2. Metal sheet antenna; 3. Feeder line; 4. U-shaped metal wall; 5. Metal foot; 6. Ground potential metal clearance area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate the specific embodiments of this article so that those skilled in the art can practice them. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included in or replace parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments of this article includes the entire scope of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. Herein, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish one element from another, without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between these elements. In fact, the first element can also be called the second element, and vice versa. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the structure, device or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also include elements inherent to such structure, device or equipment. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the structure, device or equipment including the elements. Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner herein, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0035] The terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. in this document indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this document and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of this document, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can also be the internal communication of two elements, it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] As used herein, the term "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise specified.

[0037] In this document, the character " / " indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0038] In this article, the term "and / or" is a description of the association relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or, A and B.

[0039] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment discloses an air dielectric antenna device, including an antenna substrate 1, a metal sheet antenna 2, a feeding line 3 and a U-shaped metal wall 4, wherein the antenna substrate 1 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102, the first surface 101 is a metal surface, constituting a ground potential metal plate; the second surface 102 is provided with an antenna circuit and components and includes a circuit shielding cover; the metal sheet antenna 2 is connected to a circuit signal source of the second surface 102 of the antenna substrate 1 through the feeding line 3, so as to excite two mutually orthogonal current resonance modes of the metal sheet antenna 2; at least four U-shaped metal walls 4 are welded to the first surface 101 of the antenna substrate 1, and the U-shaped metal walls 4 are close to the diagonal of the metal sheet antenna 2 for generating electric field line reflection.

[0042] Under the conditions of the above-mentioned embodiments, the structure of the antenna can be adjusted accordingly according to the specific design requirements. For example, the specific shapes and structures of the antenna substrate 1, the first surface 101, the second surface 102, the metal sheet antenna 2 and the U-shaped metal wall 4, as well as the routing form of the feed line 3 and the feeding method can adopt different forms to achieve different antenna designs for impedance matching, frequency modulation, structural optimization and other requirements.

[0043] In addition, in this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the four U-shaped metal walls 4 are respectively close to the four sides of the metal sheet antenna and close to the diagonal positions of the metal sheet antenna 2 ; in addition, the four U-shaped metal walls 4 can be symmetrically arranged.

[0044] In addition, in this embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 2 For the metal sheet antenna 2, a feed slot can be provided, and the edge of the feed slot is connected to the signal source through the feed line 3. In practical applications, the signal source can also be provided at a location such as a terminal mainboard of a communication device, and the feed slot can be designed to be a rectangular structure or a circular structure, and the corresponding shape can also be adjusted according to the actual design size of the antenna, as long as the connection routing of the feed line 3 is satisfied.

[0045] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, a metal foot 5 may be extended from the metal sheet antenna 2 near the U-shaped metal wall 4 , and the other end of the metal foot 5 is fixedly connected to the first surface 101 of the antenna substrate 1 .

[0046] As for the metal legs 5, the number thereof is at least 4, such as Figure 2As shown, each metal foot 5 is close to a U-shaped metal wall 4, and on the first surface 101 of the antenna substrate 1, the ground potential metal around the metal foot 5 can also be cleared to obtain a ground potential metal clear area 6, and the ground potential metal clear area 6 is provided with an antenna microstrip line for controlling the resonant frequency of the metal sheet antenna. The metal foot 5 can be made of a non-metallic support structure, so as to control the resonant frequency of the antenna based on the dielectric constant of the non-metallic material.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] like Figure 5-8 As shown, this embodiment discloses an air dielectric antenna device, including an antenna substrate 1, a metal sheet antenna 2, a feeding line 3 and a U-shaped metal wall 4, wherein the antenna substrate 1 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102, the first surface 101 is a metal surface, constituting a ground potential metal plate; the second surface 102 is provided with an antenna circuit and components and includes a circuit shielding cover; the metal sheet antenna 2 is connected to a circuit signal source of the second surface 102 of the antenna substrate 1 through the feeding line 3, so as to excite two mutually orthogonal current resonance modes of the metal sheet antenna 2; at least 8 U-shaped metal walls 4 are welded to the first surface 101 of the antenna substrate 1, and the U-shaped metal walls 4 are close to the diagonal of the metal sheet antenna 2 for generating electric field line reflection.

[0049] Under the conditions of the above-mentioned embodiments, the structure of the antenna can be adjusted accordingly according to the specific design requirements. For example, the specific shapes and structures of the antenna substrate 1, the first surface 101, the second surface 102, the metal sheet antenna 2 and the U-shaped metal wall 4, as well as the routing form of the feed line 3 and the feeding method can adopt different forms to achieve different antenna designs for impedance matching, frequency modulation, structural optimization and other requirements.

[0050] In addition, in this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, among the eight U-shaped metal walls 4, every two U-shaped metal walls 4 are close to one diagonal corner of the metal sheet antenna 2 at the same time, and are respectively located at adjacent sides of the metal sheet antenna 2, and the two U-shaped metal walls 4 form an M-shaped structure.

[0051] In addition, in this embodiment, continue to refer to Figure 6 For the metal sheet antenna 2, a feed slot can be provided, and the edge of the feed slot is connected to the signal source through the feed line 3. In practical applications, the signal source can also be provided at a location such as a terminal mainboard of a communication device, and the feed slot can be designed to be a rectangular structure or a circular structure, and the corresponding shape can also be adjusted according to the actual design size of the antenna, as long as the connection routing of the feed line 3 is satisfied.

[0052] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, a metal foot 5 may be extended from the metal sheet antenna 2 near the U-shaped metal wall 4 , and the other end of the metal foot 5 is fixedly connected to the first surface 101 of the antenna substrate 1 .

[0053] As for the metal legs 5, the number thereof is at least 4, such as Figure 6 As shown, each metal foot 5 is close to two adjacent U-shaped metal walls 4 at the same time, and on the first surface 101 of the antenna substrate 1, the ground potential metal around the metal foot 5 can also be cleared to obtain a ground potential metal clear area 6, and the ground potential metal clear area 6 is provided with an antenna microstrip line for controlling the resonant frequency of the metal sheet antenna. The metal foot 5 can be selected from a non-metallic material support structure, so as to control the resonant frequency of the antenna based on the dielectric constant of the non-metallic material.

[0054] In practical applications, the four diagonals of the metal sheet antenna 2 are locations where charges are gathered, resulting in scattering of electric field lines. The U-shaped metal wall 4 is welded on the ground potential metal plate on the first surface 101 of the antenna substrate 1, which enhances the density of electric field lines between it and the metal sheet antenna 2. At the same time, the location of the U-shaped metal wall 4 makes the charge concentration area of ​​the metal sheet antenna, so it does not affect the magnetic flux of the cavity, which changes the resonant frequency of the cavity, as shown in the following formula:

[0055]

[0056] Where Fo is the resonance frequency of the original cavity; F is the resonance frequency of the cavity after the change; Wm is the magnetic field capacity stored in the cavity; We is the electric field energy stored in the cavity; Δ is the change.

[0057] When the change in the electric field energy of the cavity is greater than the change in the magnetic field energy, the resonant frequency shifts downward, thereby achieving the same effect of miniaturizing the antenna as the ceramic medium. The structural design of the U-shaped metal wall 4 can not only achieve the miniaturization of the antenna, but also enhance the directivity of the antenna. The directivity of the antenna depends on the distance between the charge accumulation position of the metal sheet antenna 2 and the ground potential metal plate. The greater the distance, the higher the radiation efficiency of the antenna, but the directivity decreases; the smaller the distance, the greater the electric field line reflection effect, and the higher the directivity. The U-shaped metal wall 4 is positioned at the diagonal position where the charge of the metal sheet antenna 2 is accumulated, which can achieve concentrated reflection of the electric field lines, and the height of the position where the magnetic field density of the metal sheet antenna 2 is strong from the ground potential metal plate remains unchanged. Therefore, the directivity of the antenna is enhanced without affecting the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0058] In addition, at least four metal feet 5 are extended accordingly from the metal sheet antenna 2 near the position of the U-shaped metal wall 4, which is fixed to the first surface 101 of the antenna substrate 1. The ground potential metal on the first surface 101 around the metal feet 5 is cleared, and the antenna microstrip line is set in the clear area. The metal feet 5 connect the microstrip line away from the four diagonal positions where the charges of the metal sheet antenna are gathered. Therefore, the voltage acting on the metal feet 5 is lower, and the loss generated is lower (loss P = voltage V squared / resistance R). At the same time, the metal feet 5 can change the electric field line distribution of a small part of the cavity, thereby achieving the effect of finely controlling the resonance frequency of the cavity.

[0059] The present invention is not limited to the structures which have been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An air dielectric antenna device, characterized in that: include: Antenna substrate, metal sheet antenna, feed line and U-shaped metal wall; wherein, The antenna substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface; the first surface is a metal surface, forming a ground potential metal plate; the second surface is provided with an antenna circuit and components and comprises a circuit shielding cover; The metal sheet antenna is connected to a circuit signal source on the second surface of the antenna substrate via the feed line to excite two mutually orthogonal current resonance modes of the metal sheet antenna; A U-shaped metal wall is welded on the first surface of the antenna substrate, and the U-shaped metal wall is close to the diagonal of the metal sheet antenna to generate electric field line reflection; There are at least four U-shaped metal walls.

2. The air dielectric antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four U-shaped metal walls are respectively located on four sides of the metal sheet antenna.

3. The air dielectric antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least eight U-shaped metal walls, and every two U-shaped metal walls are close to a diagonal corner of the metal sheet antenna at the same time and are respectively located at adjacent sides of the metal sheet antenna.

4. The air dielectric antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal sheet antenna is provided with a feeding slot, and the edge of the feeding slot is connected to a signal source through a feeding line.

5. The air dielectric antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal foot portion extends from the metal sheet antenna close to the U-shaped metal wall, and the other end of the metal foot portion is fixedly connected to the first surface of the antenna substrate.

6. The air dielectric antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are at least four metal legs, and each metal leg is close to a U-shaped metal wall.

7. The air dielectric antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are at least four metal feet, and each metal foot is close to two adjacent U-shaped metal walls at the same time.

8. The air dielectric antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first surface of the antenna substrate is located around the metal foot and a ground potential metal clearance area is arranged.

9. The air dielectric antenna device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ground potential metal clearance area is provided with an antenna microstrip line for controlling the resonance frequency of the metal sheet antenna.

10. The air dielectric antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal foot is a non-metallic support structure, and the resonant frequency of the antenna is controlled based on the dielectric constant of the non-metallic material.

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