An air-breathing ramjet engine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to an air-breathing ramjet engine, which includes a cooling structure, which is composed of a phase change cooling chamber, a solid cooling pipe, a liquid cooling pipe, a liquid cooling pump, a phase change storage chamber, and a phase change cooling pump. The present invention utilizes a method of arranging a plurality of cooling pipes or structures, which are wrapped outside the combustion chamber of the ramjet engine, and effectively reduces the problem of failure of heat dissipation equipment caused by deformation of the combustion chamber during operation, while improving the performance of the ramjet engine, thereby effectively avoiding the decline of the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to an air-breathing ramjet engine. Background Art

[0002] A ramjet engine is an air jet engine that uses the oncoming airflow to slow down after entering the engine, thereby increasing the static pressure of the air. During operation, high-speed airflow blows toward the engine head-on, expands and slows down in the intake duct. After the air pressure and temperature increase, it enters the combustion chamber and mixes with the fuel (usually kerosene) to burn, raising the temperature to 2000-2200℃ or even higher. The high-temperature combustion gas then expands and accelerates through the propulsion nozzle and is discharged from the nozzle at high speed to generate thrust.

[0003] The heat dissipation of ramjet engines is one of the problems that restrict the performance of ramjet engines.

[0004] Chinese Patent Authorization Announcement No.: CN113653567B discloses a ramjet engine compartment thermal control method and system based on phase change materials, which belongs to the field of engine compartment cooling system. It includes engine air intake, expansion turbine, regulating valve, heat storage system, compressor, engine compartment, external environment, high-heat structure, fuel tank, fuel supply pump, fuel-air radiator, other cooling systems and combustion chamber. The invention selects a suitable cooling flow path to cool the ramjet air according to the difference in fuel heat sink capacity under different flight conditions; the invention introduces a phase change heat storage system as an auxiliary cold source to solve the contradiction between the mismatch between the combustion oil and the cooling oil of the aircraft under high Mach number conditions, saving fuel heat sink; the invention uses ramjet air to cool the engine compartment, and the cooled gas can be used to cool the high-heat structural components of the aircraft to achieve full utilization of the heat sink.

[0005] Chinese patent application publication number: CN116181490A discloses a double-layer cooling channel structure for liquid metal and fuel inside and outside the wall of a scramjet engine and a scramjet engine; the double-layer cooling channel structure for liquid metal and fuel inside and outside the wall of a scramjet engine comprises: a body; a first cooling structure and a second cooling structure, the first cooling structure and the second cooling structure are arranged in the body, and the first cooling structure and the second cooling structure are arranged in a stacked manner, a first cooling medium is arranged in the first cooling structure, and a second cooling medium is arranged in the second cooling structure; the heat transferred by the fuel gas is quickly and efficiently transferred and transferred to the second cooling medium by utilizing the strong heat exchange capacity of the first cooling medium, and the flow rate of the first cooling medium is changed by the first pump body, so that the temperature distribution of the combustion chamber wall can be actively controlled, and the heat dissipation intensity of the fuel gas to the wall can be adjusted.

[0006] However, the above method has the following problem: when the phase change material is used as an auxiliary cold source to intervene in the cooling system, its heat dissipation capacity is improved, resulting in abnormal fuel combustion in the combustion chamber. Summary of the invention

[0007] To this end, the present invention provides an air-breathing ramjet engine to overcome the problem in the prior art that when a phase change material is used as an auxiliary cold source to intervene in a cooling system, its heat dissipation capacity is improved, resulting in abnormal fuel combustion in the combustion chamber, thereby causing a decrease in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an air-breathing ramjet engine, wherein the combustion chamber has a cooling structure, comprising:

[0009] A phase change cooling chamber enclosed outside the combustion chamber;

[0010] A solid cooling tube, which is arranged outside the phase change cooling chamber and is provided with a plurality of liquid loops;

[0011] a liquid cooling pipe connected to the phase change cooling chamber and arranged outside the phase change cooling chamber via the liquid loop;

[0012] A liquid cooling pump connected to the liquid cooling pipe to provide circulation pressure to the liquid cooling medium;

[0013] A phase change storage room, connected to the phase change cold chamber, for storing phase change medium;

[0014] A phase change cooling pump connected to the phase change cold chamber and the phase change storage room to provide circulating pressure for the phase change medium;

[0015] Wherein, the phase change cold chamber is filled with a phase change medium, the phase change medium is discharged when the phase change condition is reached, and is connected to the phase change storage room;

[0016] The liquid cooling pump provides an initial circulation pressure in a cooling state, provides a rated circulation pressure in the phase change state, and provides an overclocking circulation pressure in an extreme state.

[0017] Furthermore, the air-breathing ramjet engine, in addition to the diffuser, the combustion chamber, the nozzle and the cooling structure, further comprises:

[0018] a controller connected to the liquid cooling pump and the phase change cooling pump, for controlling the cooling structure to cool the combustion chamber;

[0019] Wherein, the controller is also connected to a speed meter;

[0020] The speed meter is used to detect the air intake speed outside the air-breathing ramjet engine diffuser.

[0021] Further, the phase change cold chamber is filled with phase change material in the phase change state, and is connected to the liquid cold pipe and the phase change storage room;

[0022] Wherein, a circulation solenoid valve is provided between the liquid cooling pipe and the phase change cooling chamber, and a storage solenoid valve is provided between the phase change cooling chamber and the phase change storage room;

[0023] When the phase change condition is reached, the storage solenoid valve is opened, and the phase change medium enters the phase change storage room from the phase change cold chamber;

[0024] When the limit condition is reached, the phase change cooling pump is turned on, and the phase change medium circulates between the phase change storage room and the phase change cooling chamber.

[0025] Further, the controller determines the state of the air-breathing ramjet engine according to the air-breathing speed;

[0026] The controller is provided with a normal air intake speed and a limit air intake speed;

[0027] Wherein, when the air intake speed reaches the normal air intake speed, the controller determines that the air intake ramjet engine enters the normal state;

[0028] When the air intake speed reaches the limit air intake speed, the controller determines that the air-breathing ramjet engine enters a limit state.

[0029] Furthermore, the solid cold pipe is composed of a plurality of segments, each segment is attached to and sleeved outside the phase change cold chamber, and is arranged correspondingly according to the position of the liquid loop, so that the liquid loops can be interconnected.

[0030] Furthermore, the solid cooling tube is provided with a corresponding normal state and a limit state according to the state of the air-breathing ramjet engine;

[0031] When the solid cooling tube is in the normal state, the solid cooling tube is cooled by a radiator arranged at the end of the solid cooling tube;

[0032] When the solid cooling tube is in the extreme state, the solid cooling tube dissipates heat through the liquid cooling tube and the radiator.

[0033] Furthermore, the phase change cooling chamber is provided with a guide groove, and when the air-breathing ramjet engine reaches the normal state, the phase change medium in the phase change cooling chamber flows along the guide groove.

[0034] Furthermore, the controller is also provided with a limit maintenance time. When the limit air intake speed reaches the limit maintenance time, the controller controls the liquid cooling pump and the phase change cooling pump to shut down.

[0035] Further, the initial pressures of the phase change cold chamber and the phase change storage are different. When the pressure of the phase change cold chamber reaches the pressure of the phase change storage under the phase change condition, the storage solenoid valve opens.

[0036] Furthermore, the liquid cooling pump and the phase change cooling pump are provided with corresponding cavitation shutdown conditions, and when the corresponding cavitation shutdown conditions are reached, the liquid cooling pump or the phase change cooling pump is shut down.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that, by setting up a plurality of cooling pipes or structures, which are wrapped outside the combustion chamber of the ramjet engine, the problem of failure of the heat dissipation equipment caused by deformation of the combustion chamber during operation is effectively reduced, while the performance of the ramjet engine is improved, thereby effectively avoiding the decline in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0038] Furthermore, by detecting the operating status of each part of the ramjet engine, each cooling cycle device is controlled through a controller, which effectively improves the working performance of the cooling device and effectively reduces the loss of the cooling cycle device, thereby further avoiding the decline in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0039] Furthermore, the flow of refrigerant is controlled by setting solenoid valves on the phase change cooling chamber and the liquid cooling pipe. While avoiding the decrease in heat dissipation effect due to changes in the refrigerant pressure, the refrigerant is mobilized by utilizing the pressure difference of each cooling equipment, thereby further avoiding the decrease in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0040] Furthermore, by setting the normal intake speed and the limit intake speed, the state of the combustion chamber of the engine that is about to appear is distinguished, which effectively improves the response speed of each cooling device and further avoids the decline in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0041] Furthermore, by setting a normal state and an extreme state for the solid cooling tube, the solid cooling tube is cooled by different heat dissipation methods, which effectively improves the targeted heat dissipation of the solid cooling tube and further avoids the decline in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0042] Furthermore, by setting a shutdown strategy for the cooling pump, the problem of abnormal heat dissipation of the ramjet engine due to a failure of the cooling pump is avoided, thereby avoiding a decrease in combustion performance due to an abnormal circulation pump when the ramjet engine has a heat dissipation failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling structure of the air-breathing ramjet engine of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the air-breathing ramjet engine of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a solid cooling tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Among them: 1, combustion chamber; 2, phase change cooling chamber; 3, solid cooling pipe; 31, solid cooling pipe module; 32, solid cooling pipe interval; 4, liquid cooling pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0051] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] See also Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling structure of the air-breathing ramjet engine of the present invention, based on an air-breathing ramjet engine, the combustion chamber has a cooling structure, including:

[0053] a phase change cooling chamber, which is enclosed outside the combustion chamber;

[0054] A solid cooling tube, which is arranged outside the phase change cooling chamber and is provided with a plurality of liquid loops;

[0055] A liquid cooling pipe connected to the phase change cooling chamber and arranged outside the phase change cooling chamber via a liquid loop;

[0056] A liquid cooling pump connected to the liquid cooling pipe to provide circulation pressure to the liquid cooling medium;

[0057] A phase change storage room, which is connected to the phase change cold chamber and is used to store the phase change medium;

[0058] A phase change cooling pump connected to the phase change cold chamber and the phase change storage room to provide circulating pressure for the phase change medium;

[0059] The phase change cold chamber is filled with a phase change medium, which is discharged when the phase change condition is reached and is connected to the phase change storage room;

[0060] The liquid cooling pump provides initial circulation pressure in the cooling state, rated circulation pressure in the phase change state, and overclocking circulation pressure in the limit state.

[0061] By setting up a number of cooling pipes or structures and wrapping them outside the combustion chamber of the ramjet engine, the performance of the ramjet engine is improved while effectively reducing the problem of heat dissipation equipment failure caused by deformation of the combustion chamber during operation, thereby effectively avoiding the decline in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0062] See also Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air-breathing ramjet engine of the present invention. In addition to the diffuser, the combustion chamber, the nozzle and the cooling structure, the air-breathing ramjet engine also includes:

[0063] A controller connected to the liquid cooling pump and the phase change cooling pump to control the cooling structure to cool the combustion chamber;

[0064] Among them, the controller is also connected to the speed meter;

[0065] The tachometer is used to detect the intake speed outside the diffuser of an air-breathing ramjet engine.

[0066] By detecting the operating status of each part of the ramjet engine and controlling each cooling circulation equipment through a controller, the working performance of the cooling equipment is effectively improved while the loss of the cooling circulation equipment is effectively reduced, thereby further avoiding the decline in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0067] Specifically, the phase change cold chamber is filled with phase change material in a phase change state and is connected to a liquid cold pipe and a phase change storage room;

[0068] Among them, a circulation solenoid valve is provided between the liquid cooling pipe and the phase change cooling chamber, and a storage solenoid valve is provided between the phase change cooling chamber and the phase change storage room;

[0069] When the phase change condition is reached, the storage solenoid valve opens, and the phase change medium enters the phase change storage room from the phase change cold cabin;

[0070] When the limit condition is reached, the phase change cooling pump is turned on and the phase change medium circulates between the phase change storage room and the phase change cooling chamber.

[0071] Specifically, the initial pressures of the phase change cold chamber and the phase change storage are different. Under phase change conditions, when the pressure of the phase change cold chamber reaches the pressure of the phase change storage, the storage solenoid valve opens.

[0072] The flow of refrigerant is controlled by setting solenoid valves on the phase change cooling chamber and the liquid cooling pipe. While avoiding the decrease in heat dissipation effect due to changes in the refrigerant pressure, the refrigerant is mobilized by utilizing the pressure difference of each cooling equipment, thereby further avoiding the decrease in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0073] See also Figure 3 As shown, it is a cross-sectional view of the cooling structure of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the phase change cooling chamber 2 is wrapped outside the combustion chamber 1, and a plurality of channels are provided in the solid cooling tube 3 to form a liquid cooling tube 4, and the liquid cooling tube 4 and the solid cooling tube 3 are both wrapped outside the phase change cooling chamber 2;

[0074] During operation, when the liquid filling in the phase change cold chamber 2 reaches the phase change condition, the pressure in the phase change cold chamber 2 increases. At this time, the phase change storage room is connected to the phase change cold chamber 2 to share the corresponding pressure.

[0075] At the same time, a heat dissipation device is provided at the end of the solid cold pipe 3, and the solid cold pipe 3 shares the temperature in the phase change cold chamber 2. At the same time, the refrigerant in the liquid cold pipe 2 is driven by a liquid cooling pump to bring heat out from the solid cold pipe 3 and the outside of the phase change cold chamber 2.

[0076] Specifically, the controller determines the state of the air-breathing ramjet engine based on the air-breathing speed;

[0077] The controller is provided with normal suction speed and limit suction speed;

[0078] When the air intake speed reaches the normal air intake speed, the controller determines that the air intake ramjet engine enters the normal state;

[0079] When the intake speed reaches the limit intake speed, the controller determines that the air-breathing ramjet engine enters the limit state.

[0080] By setting the normal intake speed and the maximum intake speed, the state of the engine's upcoming combustion chamber can be distinguished, which effectively improves the response speed of each cooling device and further avoids the decline in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0081] Specifically, the solid cold pipe is composed of a plurality of segments, each segment is attached and sleeved outside the phase change cold chamber, and is arranged correspondingly according to the position of the liquid loop so that the liquid loops can be interconnected.

[0082] See also Figure 4 As shown, it is a cross-sectional view of a solid cooling tube according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a solid cooling tube 3 is provided with a plurality of solid cooling tube modules 31, and a solid cooling tube interval 32 is provided between each segment;

[0083] When the ramjet engine is started, its combustion chamber expands outwards, at which time the solid cooling tube spacing 32 increases to ensure that the relative positions of the liquid cooling tubes do not change.

[0084] Specifically, the solid cooling tube is provided with corresponding normal state and limit state according to the state of the air-breathing ramjet engine;

[0085] When the solid cooling tube is in a normal state, the solid cooling tube is cooled by a radiator arranged at the end of the solid cooling tube;

[0086] When the solid cooling tube is in the extreme state, the solid cooling tube dissipates heat through the liquid cooling tube and the radiator.

[0087] By setting the solid cooling tube to a normal state and an extreme state, the solid cooling tube is cooled by different heat dissipation methods, which effectively improves the targeted heat dissipation of the solid cooling tube and further avoids the decline in the combustion performance of the ramjet engine.

[0088] Specifically, the phase change cooling chamber is provided with a guide groove, and when the air-breathing ramjet engine reaches a normal state, the phase change medium in the phase change cooling chamber flows along the guide groove.

[0089] In implementation, the guide groove can be arranged at the front end or the end of the phase change cooling chamber, and can be fixed by using a solid cooling pipe at a corresponding position.

[0090] Specifically, the controller is also provided with a limit maintenance time. When the limit suction speed reaches the limit maintenance time, the controller controls the liquid cooling pump and the phase change cooling pump to shut down.

[0091] Specifically, the liquid cooling pump and the phase change cooling pump are provided with corresponding cavitation shutdown conditions. When the corresponding cavitation shutdown conditions are reached, the liquid cooling pump or the phase change cooling pump is shut down.

[0092] It is understandable that when the temperature is high, residual gas corresponding to the phase change material or refrigerant will be produced in the cooling pump, and cavitation will occur in the cooling pump;

[0093] In practice, the cavitation states that can occur in phase change materials and refrigerants are different, so corresponding settings are required.

[0094] By setting a shutdown strategy for the cooling pump, the problem of abnormal heat dissipation of the ramjet engine due to a failure of the cooling pump is avoided, thereby avoiding a decrease in combustion performance due to an abnormal circulation pump when the ramjet engine has a heat dissipation failure.

[0095] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0096] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air-breathing ramjet engine, characterized in that: The combustion chamber has a cooling structure, including: A phase change cooling chamber enclosed outside the combustion chamber; A solid cooling tube, which is arranged outside the phase change cooling chamber and is provided with a plurality of liquid loops; a liquid cooling pipe connected to the phase change cooling chamber and arranged outside the phase change cooling chamber via the liquid loop; A liquid cooling pump connected to the liquid cooling pipe to provide circulation pressure to the liquid cooling medium; A phase change storage room, connected to the phase change cold chamber, for storing phase change medium; A phase change cooling pump connected to the phase change cold chamber and the phase change storage room to provide circulating pressure for the phase change medium; Wherein, the phase change cold chamber is filled with a phase change medium, the phase change medium is discharged when the phase change condition is reached, and is connected to the phase change storage room; A storage solenoid valve is provided between the phase change cold chamber and the phase change storage room; When the phase change condition is reached, the storage solenoid valve is opened, and the phase change medium enters the phase change storage room from the phase change cold chamber; When the limit condition is reached, the phase change cooling pump is turned on, and the phase change medium circulates between the phase change storage room and the phase change cooling chamber; The initial pressures of the phase change cold chamber and the phase change storage are different. When the pressure of the phase change cold chamber reaches the pressure of the phase change storage under the phase change condition, the storage solenoid valve opens.

2. The air-breathing ramjet engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In addition to the diffuser, the combustion chamber, the nozzle and the cooling structure, the air-breathing ramjet engine further comprises: a controller connected to the liquid cooling pump and the phase change cooling pump, for controlling the cooling structure to cool the combustion chamber; Wherein, the controller is also connected to a speed meter; The speed meter is used to detect the air intake speed outside the air-breathing ramjet engine diffuser.

3. The air-breathing ramjet engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller determines the state of the air-breathing ramjet engine according to the air-breathing speed; The controller is provided with a normal air intake speed and a limit air intake speed; Wherein, when the air intake speed reaches the normal air intake speed, the controller determines that the air intake ramjet engine enters the normal state; When the air intake speed reaches the limit air intake speed, the controller determines that the air-breathing ramjet engine enters a limit state.

4. The air-breathing ramjet engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solid cold pipe is composed of a plurality of segments, each of which is attached to and sleeved outside the phase change cold chamber and is arranged correspondingly according to the position of the liquid loop so that the liquid loops can be interconnected.

5. The air-breathing ramjet engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solid cooling tube is provided with a corresponding normal state and a limit state according to the state of the air-breathing ramjet engine; When the solid cooling tube is in the corresponding normal state, the solid cooling tube is cooled by a radiator arranged at the end of the solid cooling tube; When the solid cooling tube is in a corresponding limit state, the solid cooling tube dissipates heat through the liquid cooling tube and the radiator.

6. The air-breathing ramjet engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The phase change cooling chamber is provided with a guide groove, and when the air-breathing ramjet engine reaches the normal state, the phase change medium in the phase change cooling chamber flows along the guide groove.

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