A low temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment

Abstract

The present invention provides a low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment, comprising an adsorption refrigeration structure and a dilution structure which are connected and communicated with each other, the adsorption refrigeration structure is provided with an adsorption device, the dilution structure is provided with a dilution adsorption device, a mixed working medium is arranged in the adsorption refrigeration structure, in the condensation recovery stage, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are heated, the adsorbed mixed working medium in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device is desorbed, and condensed, in the evaporation refrigeration stage, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are cooled, the gaseous part in the mixed working medium is adsorbed, so as to control the pressure drop inside the refrigeration equipment, so that the liquid phase part in the mixed working medium undergoes atomic migration, and adsorption and dilution refrigeration are performed, the adsorption device adsorbs helium vapor on the dense phase side of helium 3, promotes the evaporation of the dense phase to produce a phase change refrigeration effect, the dilution adsorption device adsorbs helium vapor on the dilute phase side, promotes the helium 3 atoms in the dense phase to enter the dilute phase to produce a dilution refrigeration effect, thereby reducing costs and improving refrigeration performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of extremely low temperature refrigeration, and in particular relates to a low temperature adsorption refrigeration device. Background Art

[0002] Commonly used ultra-low temperature refrigeration technologies include adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, dilution refrigeration and adsorption refrigeration. Among them, adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration and dilution refrigeration can achieve low temperatures below 10mK. Adsorption refrigeration has slightly higher refrigeration temperatures, but has outstanding advantages such as compact structure, small size and light weight. Compared with adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators, there is no electromagnetic interference. Compared with dilution refrigerators, the operation does not rely on gravity. It is a mK refrigeration technology with great development potential for space applications. The principle of adsorption refrigeration is evaporative refrigeration. The working fluid is liquefied through a 4K pre-cooling refrigerator, and then an adsorption pump filled with porous materials adsorbs the vapor above the liquid working fluid, causing the liquid working fluid to evaporate and produce low temperatures. Ultra-low temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment uses helium 4 as the working fluid to obtain a refrigeration temperature of about 800mK. If it is replaced with helium 3, a refrigeration temperature of 250mK can be obtained. However, helium 3 is a high-value gas and a strategic reserve resource. At present, it can only be obtained through low-temperature separation technology to obtain trace amounts of helium 3 in air and natural gas or produced through nuclear reactions. It is difficult to obtain and expensive. The cost of helium-4 adsorption refrigerator is low, but the cooling temperature is relatively high (800mK); the cooling temperature of helium-3 adsorption refrigerator is relatively low, but the cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a low-temperature adsorption refrigeration device to solve the above or other former problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment, including an adsorption refrigeration structure and a dilution structure that are connected and communicated with each other, a mixed working fluid is arranged in the adsorption refrigeration structure, an adsorption device is arranged in the adsorption refrigeration structure, and a dilution adsorption device is arranged in the dilution structure. In the condensation recovery stage, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are heated, and the adsorbed mixed working fluid in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device is desorbed and condensed. In the evaporation refrigeration stage, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are cooled, and the gaseous part of the mixed working fluid is adsorbed to control the internal pressure drop of the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment, so that the liquid phase part of the mixed working fluid undergoes atomic migration, and adsorption refrigeration and dilution refrigeration are performed.

[0005] Furthermore, the mixed working fluid is a mixture of helium 3 / helium 4.

[0006] Furthermore, the dilution structure also includes a connecting pipe one connected to the dilution adsorption device, the other end of which is connected to and communicated with the adsorption refrigeration structure. The gaseous part of the mixed working fluid in the adsorption refrigeration structure can be adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device through the connecting pipe one, and the gaseous part of the mixed working fluid adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device can enter the adsorption refrigeration structure through the connecting pipe one for condensation or condense in the connecting pipe one after desorption.

[0007] Furthermore, a gaseous mixed working medium is arranged in the connecting pipe 1.

[0008] Furthermore, the adsorption refrigeration structure also includes an evaporative condensing device and a connecting pipe 2 respectively connected to the adsorption device and the evaporative condensing device. The gaseous part of the mixed working fluid in the evaporative condensing device can be adsorbed by the adsorption device through the connecting pipe 2, and the gaseous part of the adsorbed mixed working fluid in the adsorption device can enter the evaporative condensing device through the connecting pipe 2 after desorption.

[0009] Furthermore, both the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are pump structures, and both the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are provided with adsorption materials, and the connection between the adsorption device and the connecting pipe 2 and the connection between the dilution adsorption device and the connecting pipe 1 are provided with blocking members so that the adsorption material is arranged in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device.

[0010] Furthermore, the adsorbent material is a porous adsorbent, and the barrier is a mesh structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the adsorption device, the dilution adsorption device and the evaporation condensation device are all provided with fins for heat exchange.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a heating device and a refrigeration device, the heating device is used to heat the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device, and the refrigeration device is used to cool the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure.

[0013] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment is provided with an adsorption refrigeration structure and a dilution structure. The adsorption refrigeration structure has an adsorption device and an evaporation condensation device, and the dilution structure has a dilution adsorption device. The adsorption device, the evaporation condensation device and the dilution adsorption device are connected and communicated through a connecting pipe to form a sealed system. The system is filled with a helium 3 / helium 4 mixed working fluid. In the refrigeration stage, the mixed working fluid is gas-liquid coexisting, and the helium 3 / helium 4 liquid mixed working fluid is divided into a dense phase and a dilute phase. The adsorption device adsorbs the helium vapor on the dense phase side to promote the evaporation of the dense phase to produce a phase change refrigeration effect. The dilution adsorption device adsorbs the helium vapor on the dilute phase side to promote the helium 3 atoms in the dense phase to enter the dilute phase to produce a dilution refrigeration effect. The adsorption rate is controlled by controlling the temperature of the adsorption device (adsorption pump) and the dilution adsorption device (adsorption pump), and the helium 3 concentration in the mixed working fluid is regulated, thereby adjusting the refrigeration temperature, and producing adsorption refrigeration and dilution refrigeration effects at the same time. The combination of the two can further reduce the refrigeration temperature. The use of helium 3 / helium 4 mixed working fluid reduces the cost and improves the refrigeration performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure:

[0016] 1. Adsorption device 2. Connecting pipe 2 3. Evaporation condensation device

[0017] 4. Connecting pipe 1 5. Dilution adsorption device a. First area

[0018] b, second area c, third area d, fourth area DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention is shown. This embodiment relates to a low-temperature adsorption refrigeration device, which is used for refrigeration in the fields of space astronomical detection, superconductivity, condensed matter physics, and quantum computing. It adopts a mixed working fluid of helium 3 / helium 4, and uses an adsorption device and a dilution adsorption device to regulate the refrigeration performance, thereby enhancing practicality and improving efficiency and accuracy.

[0021] A low temperature adsorption refrigeration device, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes an adsorption refrigeration structure and a dilution structure that are connected and communicated. A mixed working medium is arranged in the adsorption refrigeration structure. The adsorption refrigeration structure is the main structure of the adsorption refrigeration equipment, and performs condensation recovery and evaporation refrigeration. The dilution structure is mainly used to dilute the mixed working medium in the evaporation refrigeration stage, so that the entire low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment produces a dilution refrigeration effect; the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure are sealed and connected to form a sealed system to avoid leakage of the mixed working medium. The mixed working medium is filled in the adsorption refrigeration structure before the overall sealing connection, and because the adsorption refrigeration structure is connected to the dilution structure, the gaseous part of the mixed working medium can flow in the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure to achieve condensation recovery and evaporation refrigeration; the The adsorption refrigeration structure is provided with an adsorption device, and the dilution structure is provided with a dilution adsorption device. In the condensation recovery stage, the adsorption device of the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution adsorption device in the dilution structure are heated, and the gaseous part of the mixed working fluid adsorbed in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device is desorbed and condensed to be a saturated liquid; in the evaporation refrigeration stage, the adsorption device of the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution adsorption device of the dilution structure are cooled, and the gaseous part of the mixed working fluid is adsorbed to control the pressure drop inside the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment, so that the liquid phase part in the mixed working fluid undergoes atomic migration to produce an adsorption refrigeration effect, and the concentration of the mixed working fluid solution is adjusted to produce a dilution refrigeration effect, thereby regulating the refrigeration performance.

[0022] The mixed working fluid is a mixture of helium 3 / helium 4. According to the working state of the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment, the mixed working fluid can be in a gaseous state or a gas-liquid mixed state. The state of the mixed working fluid is not limited here.

[0023] The principle of helium adsorption refrigeration equipment to obtain low temperature is to use the porous material in the adsorption device to adsorb the saturated working fluid gas above the liquefied working fluid, reduce the pressure of the saturated liquid working fluid, and promote its evaporation to obtain low temperature. Under the same pressure, the temperature corresponding to saturated helium 3 is lower than that of helium 4, so using helium 3 as a working fluid can obtain a lower temperature. When using a helium 3 / helium 4 mixture as a mixed working fluid for adsorption refrigeration equipment, the refrigeration temperature of the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment can be regulated by adjusting the concentration of helium 3 in the mixed working fluid to obtain a low temperature within a certain range. Below 800mK, the mixed solution of helium 3 / helium 4 will undergo phase separation. The atomic mass of helium 3 is less than that of helium 4. Therefore, the upper part of the solution is a concentrated phase rich in helium 3, and the lower part is a dilute phase rich in helium 4. "Concentrated" and "dilute" refer to helium 3. The enthalpy value of helium 3 atoms in the concentrated phase is smaller than that in the dilute phase. Therefore, helium 3 atoms absorb heat in the process of entering the dilute phase from the concentrated phase, producing a refrigeration effect. In addition to generating a refrigeration effect through evaporation phase change, this low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment also uses the dilution of helium-3 atoms to perform refrigeration based on the phase separation characteristics of a helium-3 / helium-4 mixed solution, thereby improving refrigeration capacity.

[0024] Specifically, the above-mentioned dilution structure also includes a connecting pipe 4 connected to the dilution adsorption device 5, the other end of the connecting pipe 4 is connected and communicated with the adsorption refrigeration structure, the connecting pipe 4 is a pipe structure, and the connecting pipe 4 is sealed and fixedly connected to the dilution adsorption device 5 to prevent leakage of the mixed working fluid. Similarly, the connecting pipe 4 is sealed and fixedly connected to the adsorption refrigeration structure, and the sealed and fixed connection method is preferably welding or integral molding. The gaseous part of the mixed working fluid in the adsorption refrigeration structure can be adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device 5 through the connecting pipe 4, and the gaseous part of the mixed working fluid in the dilution adsorption device 5 can be desorbed and then enter the adsorption refrigeration structure through the connecting pipe 4 or condense in the connecting pipe 4. The setting of the connecting pipe 4 realizes the circulation of the mixed working fluid.

[0025] The dilution adsorption device 5 is a pump structure, and an adsorption material is arranged inside the dilution adsorption device 5. The arrangement of the dilution adsorption device 5 provides power for adsorption or desorption of the gaseous mixed working medium in the condensation recovery stage and the dilution refrigeration stage, and captures the gaseous mixed working medium.

[0026] In some feasible embodiments, the dilution adsorption device 5 may be an adsorption pump or a mechanical pump, which is selected according to actual needs.

[0027] In order to enhance the heat exchange capacity, fins are provided on the dilution adsorption device 5 for heat exchange.

[0028] The connecting pipe 14 is a metal pipe, preferably a metal pipe with a smooth inner wall, which is convenient for the mixed working medium to flow, and also convenient for the connecting pipe 14 to be welded and connected with the dilution adsorption device 5, thereby extending the service life of the dilution structure. In order to prevent the adsorbent material in the dilution adsorption device 5 from entering the connecting pipe 14, a baffle is provided at the connection between the dilution adsorption device 5 and the connecting pipe 14, and the baffle has a plurality of through holes, so that the gaseous mixed working medium can flow, and will not hinder the flow of the gaseous mixed working medium. The baffle is fixedly provided at the end of the connecting pipe 14 connected to the dilution adsorption device 5, and the end of the connecting pipe 14 is blocked so that the adsorbent material is provided in the dilution adsorption device 5, and the fixed connection method is preferably welding.

[0029] In some feasible embodiments, the barrier is a mesh structure, and preferably, the barrier is a metal wire mesh.

[0030] A further optimization scheme is that a gaseous mixed working medium is provided in the connecting pipe 4, and the area occupied by the gaseous mixed working medium in the side of the connecting pipe 4 close to the dilution adsorption device 5 is set as the fourth area d. At this time, the side of the adsorption refrigeration structure adjacent to the dilution structure can be a liquid mixed working medium, that is, in the connecting pipe 4, except for the fourth area d close to the dilution adsorption device 5 which is a gaseous mixed working medium, the rest is a liquid mixed working medium.

[0031] The above-mentioned adsorption refrigeration structure includes an adsorption device 1, an evaporative condensation device 3, and a connecting pipe 2 connected to the adsorption device 1 and the evaporative condensation device 3 respectively. The evaporative condensation device 3 is connected to the adsorption device 1 through the setting of the connecting pipe 2. The gaseous part of the mixed working fluid in the evaporative condensation device 3 can be adsorbed by the adsorption device 1 through the connecting pipe 2, and the gaseous part of the adsorbed mixed working fluid in the adsorption device 1 can enter the evaporative condensation device 3 through the connecting pipe 2 after desorption, so as to realize the circulation of the gaseous mixed working fluid. The evaporative condensation device 3 is a cavity structure with a certain space. According to the state of the mixed working fluid, the interior of the evaporative condensation device 3 can be divided into multiple areas, and the state of the mixed working fluid in each area is different. The connection between the adsorption device 1 and the connecting pipe 2 and the connection between the connecting pipe 2 and the evaporative condensation device 3 are both sealed and fixed connections, so that the adsorption refrigeration structure is a sealed structure to avoid leakage of the mixed working fluid. The sealed and fixed connection is preferably welded or integrally formed.

[0032] The above-mentioned adsorption device 1 is a pump structure, and adsorption material is arranged inside the adsorption device 1. The setting of the adsorption device 1 provides power for adsorption or desorption of the gaseous mixed working medium in the condensation recovery stage and the evaporation refrigeration stage, and captures the gaseous mixed working medium.

[0033] In some feasible embodiments, the adsorption device 1 can be an adsorption pump or a mechanical pump, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0034] In order to enhance the heat exchange capacity, fins are provided on the adsorption device 1 for heat exchange.

[0035] The above-mentioned connecting pipe 2 2 is a metal pipe, preferably a metal pipe with a smooth inner wall, so that the connecting pipe 2 2 can be welded to the adsorption device 1, and the connecting pipe 2 2 can be welded to the dilution adsorption device 5, so as to extend the service life of the adsorption refrigeration structure. In order to prevent the adsorption material in the adsorption device 1 from entering the connecting pipe 2 2, a barrier is provided at the connection between the adsorption device 1 and the connecting pipe 2 2, and the barrier has a plurality of through holes to facilitate the circulation of the gaseous mixed working medium without obstructing the circulation of the gaseous mixed working medium. The barrier is fixedly provided at the end of the connecting pipe 2 2 connected to the adsorption device 1, and the end of the connecting pipe 2 2 is blocked so that the adsorption material is arranged in the adsorption device 1. The fixed connection method is preferably welding.

[0036] The above-mentioned evaporative condensation device 3 is an evaporative condenser, which stores a mixed working medium inside. The mixed working medium can be a liquid mixed working medium and / or a gaseous mixed working medium according to different states. In order to enhance the heat exchange capacity of the evaporative condensation device 3, the evaporative condensation device 3 is provided with fins. The specific size and shape of the evaporative condenser are determined according to actual needs.

[0037] Based on the phase separation characteristics of the saturated mixed working fluid during the refrigeration stage, the interior of the evaporative condensation device 3 can be divided into multiple areas: the interior of the evaporative condensation device 3 is divided into the first area a, the second area b and the third area c along the direction from the adsorption device 1 to the dilution structure, the first area a, the second area b and the third area c are connected, the first area a is located on the side of the evaporative condensation device 3 close to the adsorption device 1, the third area c is located on the side of the evaporative condensation device 3 close to the dilution structure, the mixed working fluid in the first area a is a saturated gas, and the second area b and the third area c are both liquid mixed. working fluid, and the concentration of helium 3 in the liquid mixed working fluid in the second area b is different from that in the third area c. One area is the helium 3 concentrated phase of the mixed working fluid solution, and the other area is the helium 3 dilute phase of the mixed working fluid solution. Above the mixed working fluid solution (the first area a) is the saturated vapor of helium 3 / helium 4. Since the vapor pressure of helium 3 is greater than that of helium 4 at the same temperature, the mixed vapor in this area is mainly helium 3. In this way, the porous material in the dilution adsorption device 5 adsorbs helium 3, ensuring that the helium 3 atoms in the concentrated phase of the mixed working fluid solution continuously migrate to the dilute phase under the action of the concentration difference, thereby producing a dilution refrigeration effect.

[0038] The above-mentioned adsorption material is a solid adsorption material, preferably a porous adsorbent, which is a commercially available product and is selected according to actual needs. No specific requirements are made here.

[0039] In order to enhance the heat exchange capacity of the evaporative condensing device 3, the evaporative condensing device 3 is provided with fins for heat exchange.

[0040] The low temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment also includes a heating device and a refrigeration device ( Figure 1 The heating device is used to heat the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5, so that the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 increases, the adsorption capacity decreases, and the adsorbed gaseous mixed working medium is desorbed; the refrigeration device cools the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5, so that the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 decreases, the adsorption capacity increases, and the gaseous mixed working medium is adsorbed.

[0041] In some feasible embodiments, the heating device is an electric heating device, such as an electric heater, such as a high-resistance metal sheet heater, which is a commercially available product and is selected according to actual needs. No specific requirements are made here.

[0042] In some feasible embodiments, the refrigeration device is a pre-cooling stage refrigerator, which is a commercially available product and is selected according to actual needs. No specific requirements are made here.

[0043] When the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment is in use, the two ends of the connecting pipe 2 are respectively welded to the adsorption device 1 and the evaporative condensation device 3, and the connecting pipe 2 is respectively communicated with the adsorption device 1 and the evaporative condensation device 3. When the connecting pipe 2 is connected to the adsorption device 1, a baffle is set at the connection; the two ends of the connecting pipe 1 are respectively welded to the evaporative condensation device 3 and the dilution adsorption device 5, and the connecting pipe 1 is respectively communicated with the dilution adsorption device 5 and the evaporative condensation device 3. When the connecting pipe 1 is connected to the dilution adsorption device 5, a baffle is set at the connection to form a sealed overall structure; at the same time, in the process of welding and sealing each component, a mixed working medium is filled, and then a sealed connection is performed;

[0044] The adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 are filled with adsorption materials. By changing the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5, the adsorption rate of the adsorption material can be controlled, and then the adsorption amount of the gaseous mixed working medium can be controlled, and then the refrigeration temperature can be controlled. When the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 is increased, the adsorption amount decreases, and the gaseous mixed working medium is desorbed and cooled by the refrigeration device to form a saturated solution; when the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 is reduced, the adsorption amount increases, and the gaseous mixed working medium above the liquid mixed working medium is adsorbed, which promotes the evaporation of the liquid mixed working medium and the migration of helium 3 atoms from the concentrated phase to the dilute phase, thereby generating a refrigeration effect.

[0045] Specifically, the operation of the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment includes a condensation recovery stage and a refrigeration stage:

[0046] Condensation recovery stage: the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 are heated by the heating device, the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 increases, the adsorption capacity decreases, the helium 3 / helium 4 mixed gas is desorbed, flows through the connecting pipe 1 4 and the connecting pipe 2 2, and is condensed into a saturated liquid by the refrigeration device at the bottom of the system (the bottom of the evaporation condensation device 3 and the connecting pipe 1 4);

[0047] Refrigeration stage: the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 are cooled by the refrigeration device, the temperature of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 is reduced, the adsorption capacity of the adsorption device 1 and the dilution adsorption device 5 is improved, the helium 3 / helium 4 mixed vapor at the first area a is adsorbed by the adsorption device 1, the pressure of the entire system drops, the mixed working fluid solution in the evaporation condensation device 3 evaporates, the temperature drops, and phase separation occurs. The second area b is the concentrated phase of the helium 3 / helium 4 mixed solution, the third area c is the dilute phase of the helium 3 / helium 4 mixed solution, and the fourth area d of the connecting pipe 1 4 is the helium 3 / helium 4 mixed vapor. At the same time, the helium 3 / helium 4 mixed vapor (mainly helium 3) at the fourth area d is adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device 5, the helium 3 concentration in the dilute phase decreases, and the helium 3 atoms in the concentrated phase migrate to the dilute phase, resulting in a dilution refrigeration effect.

[0048] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment is provided with an adsorption refrigeration structure and a dilution structure. The adsorption refrigeration structure has an adsorption device and an evaporation condensation device, and the dilution structure has a dilution adsorption device. The adsorption device, the evaporation condensation device and the dilution adsorption device are connected and communicated through a connecting pipe to form a sealed system. The system is filled with a helium 3 / helium 4 mixed working fluid. In the refrigeration stage, the mixed working fluid is gas-liquid coexisting, and the helium 3 / helium 4 liquid mixed working fluid is divided into a dense phase and a dilute phase. The adsorption device adsorbs the helium vapor on the dense phase side to promote the evaporation of the dense phase to produce a phase change refrigeration effect. The dilution adsorption device adsorbs the helium vapor on the dilute phase side to promote the helium 3 atoms in the dense phase to enter the dilute phase to produce a dilution refrigeration effect. The adsorption rate is controlled by controlling the temperature of the adsorption device (adsorption pump) and the dilution adsorption device (adsorption pump), and the helium 3 concentration in the mixed working fluid is regulated, thereby adjusting the refrigeration temperature, and producing adsorption refrigeration and dilution refrigeration effects at the same time. The combination of the two can further reduce the refrigeration temperature. The use of helium 3 / helium 4 mixed working fluid reduces the cost and improves the refrigeration performance.

[0049] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of application of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low temperature adsorption refrigeration device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an adsorption refrigeration structure and a dilution structure which are connected and communicated with each other, wherein a mixed working fluid is arranged in the adsorption refrigeration structure, an adsorption device is arranged in the adsorption refrigeration structure, and a dilution adsorption device is arranged in the dilution adsorption device. In the condensation recovery stage, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are heated, and the adsorbed mixed working fluid in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device is desorbed and condensed. In the evaporation refrigeration stage, the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are cooled, and the gaseous part in the mixed working fluid is adsorbed to control the pressure drop inside the low-temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment, so that the liquid phase part in the mixed working fluid undergoes atomic migration, and adsorption refrigeration and dilution refrigeration are performed; the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure are sealed and connected to form a sealed system; the mixed working fluid is a mixture of helium 3 and helium 4; the adsorption rate of the adsorption material is controlled by changing the temperature of the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device, thereby controlling the adsorption amount of the gaseous mixed working fluid, changing the helium 3 concentration in the mixed working fluid, and thereby controlling the refrigeration temperature; The dilution structure further comprises a connecting pipe 1 connected to the dilution adsorption device, the other end of the connecting pipe 1 is connected and communicated with the adsorption refrigeration structure, the gaseous part of the mixed working medium in the adsorption refrigeration structure can be adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device through the connecting pipe 1, and the gaseous part of the mixed working medium adsorbed by the dilution adsorption device can enter the adsorption refrigeration structure through the connecting pipe 1 for condensation or condense in the connecting pipe 1 after desorption; The connecting pipe 1 is provided with a gaseous mixed working medium; The adsorption refrigeration structure further includes an evaporative condensation device and a second connecting pipe connected to the adsorption device and the evaporative condensation device respectively, wherein the gaseous part of the mixed working medium in the evaporative condensation device can be adsorbed by the adsorption device through the second connecting pipe, and the gaseous part of the adsorbed mixed working medium in the adsorption device can enter the evaporative condensation device through the second connecting pipe after desorption; The adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device are both pump structures, and adsorption materials are arranged in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device; The area occupied by the gaseous mixed working medium in the side of the connecting pipe 1 close to the dilution adsorption device is set as the fourth area. In the connecting pipe 1, except for the fourth area close to the dilution adsorption device, the rest is the liquid mixed working medium. The interior of the evaporative condensation device is divided into a first region, a second region and a third region in sequence along the direction from the adsorption device to the dilution structure. The first region, the second region and the third region are connected. The first region is located on a side of the evaporative condensation device close to the adsorption device, and the third region is located on a side of the evaporative condensation device close to the dilution structure. The mixed working fluid in the first region is a saturated gaseous state, and both the second region and the third region are liquid mixed working fluids, and the concentration of helium 3 in the liquid mixed working fluid in the second region and the third region is different; the porous material in the dilution adsorption device adsorbs helium 3, ensuring that the helium 3 atoms in the concentrated phase of the mixed working fluid solution continuously migrate to the dilute phase under the action of the concentration difference, thereby producing a dilution refrigeration effect; The connecting pipe 1 is respectively connected to the dilution adsorption device and the evaporation condensation device.

2. The low temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the adsorption device and the second connecting pipe and the connection between the dilution adsorption device and the first connecting pipe are both provided with baffles, so that the adsorption material is arranged in the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device.

3. The low temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorbent material is a porous adsorbent, and the barrier is a mesh structure.

4. The low temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adsorption device, the dilution adsorption device and the evaporation condensation device are all provided with fins for heat exchange.

5. The low temperature adsorption refrigeration equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a heating device and a refrigeration device, wherein the heating device is used to heat the adsorption device and the dilution adsorption device, and the refrigeration device is used to cool the adsorption refrigeration structure and the dilution structure.

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