A method for ancient city plane restoration by integrating multi-source data

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for restoring an ancient city plane by integrating multi-source data, the method comprising: an urban spatial reference integration part, which is used to perform geographic registration and spatial integration of spatial data and establish a spatial reference system; an urban element information extraction part, which is used to perform text recognition and semantic recognition on literature, extract urban elements and their location information, and generate an urban element information table; an urban element spatial location part, which is used to perform spatial location and attribute improvement on elements in the urban element information table, generate a target urban plane information data set, and restore the ancient city plane based on the target urban plane information data set. By integrating multi-source data, the present invention effectively overcomes the problem that the information volume of a single data and the feasibility of location cannot be achieved at the same time, and improves the completeness and accuracy of plane restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of urban space information extraction, and in particular to an ancient city plane restoration method integrating multi-source data. Background Art

[0002] The plan information of ancient cities is the basic information for carrying out ancient city protection planning, display design and virtual product development. It is one of the key information for the construction of local digital humanities platforms. The corresponding data products have broad application prospects in model making, virtual exhibitions, digital games, digital knowledge dissemination, etc.

[0003] Currently, the plan information of ancient cities is mainly in the form of text or images, hidden in ancient documents such as local chronicles and ancient maps with complex content, which is difficult to directly extract and convert into vector data; the existing plan information data of ancient cities is mostly presented in picture format rather than vector format, which is relatively simple and has low accuracy, making it difficult to support the above-mentioned practical applications.

[0004] Existing ancient city plan restoration technologies focus on the use of single data such as local chronicles, ancient maps or archaeological maps, but the amount of information and location feasibility of the above data cannot be achieved at the same time. Therefore, the existing technology cannot restore the ancient city plan in detail and accurately. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for restoring the ancient city plane by integrating multi-source data. By integrating data such as celestial maps, historical satellite images, old maps, archaeological maps, cultural relics data, local chronicles, and ancient maps, the ancient city plane information is extracted, and the ancient city plane is completely and accurately restored. See the following description for details:

[0006] A method for restoring an ancient city plane by integrating multi-source data, the method comprising:

[0007] The urban spatial reference integration part is used to georeference and spatially integrate spatial data and establish a spatial reference system;

[0008] The city element information extraction part is used to perform text recognition and semantic recognition on the literature, extract the city elements and their location information, and generate the city element information table;

[0009] The urban element spatial location part is used to spatially locate and improve the attributes of the elements in the urban element information table, generate a target city plane information dataset, and restore the ancient city plane based on the target city plane information dataset.

[0010] Among them, the urban spatial reference integration part includes: obtaining satellite images of the world map and place name annotations, historical satellite images, old maps, archaeological maps and cultural relics data; aligning historical satellite images; aligning old maps; aligning archaeological maps; integrating five types of spatial data to establish a spatial reference system.

[0011] Among them, the integration of five types of spatial data and the establishment of a spatial reference system are: creating a new ArcMap document on a computer connected to the Internet, selecting the projection coordinate system with the central meridian close to the target city in the data frame properties, loading the Tiandi Map image map and place name annotation API, registered historical satellite images, registered old maps, registered archaeological maps and archaeological data, and establishing a spatial reference system for plane restoration of the target city.

[0012] Furthermore, the city element information extraction part includes: obtaining relevant local chronicles and ancient maps; performing text recognition and text processing on the local chronicles and ancient maps; and generating a city element information table.

[0013] Furthermore, the generation of the city element information table is: conducting artificial intelligence analysis of the text version of the local chronicles to obtain a first city element information table; conducting manual correction to obtain a second city element information table; and supplementing relative position information based on ancient maps to obtain a third city element information table.

[0014] Among them, the manual correction is carried out to obtain the second city element information table: based on the intelligent sorting platform for ancient books, the text version of the local chronicles and the first element information table are manually compared to supplement the missing information, correct the erroneous information, delete the duplicate information, verify and revise the contradictory information, and form the second city element information table.

[0015] The urban element spatial location part includes: spatial location of urban elements based on a spatial reference system; connecting attribute information to form a target city plane information dataset.

[0016] Furthermore, the spatial location of urban elements based on the spatial reference system is as follows:

[0017] Open the ArcMap document as the spatial reference system, create a new polygon layer, name it "Surface Feature", create a new "Name" field, refer to the satellite images of Tiantu Map, the historical satellite images that have been registered, the old maps that have been registered, the archaeological maps that have been registered, and the remains or traces of urban elements reflected in the archaeological data, and combine the relative position information in the third element information table to draw the surface elements such as the city walls and waters of the target city, and fill in the "Name" field according to the "Element Name";

[0018] Open the ArcMap document as the spatial reference system, create a new polyline layer, name it "Line Feature", create a new "Name" field, refer to the Tiantu satellite image, the registered historical satellite image, the registered old map, the registered archaeological map and the remains or traces of urban elements reflected in the archaeological data, and combine the relative position information in the third element information table to draw the linear elements such as the city wall, moat, street, water system, etc. of the target city, and fill in the "Name" field according to the "Element Name";

[0019] Open the ArcMap document as the spatial reference system, create a new point layer, name it "Point Feature", create a new "Name" field, refer to the Tiandi Map satellite images, the registered historical satellite images, the registered old maps, the registered archaeological maps, and the remains or traces of urban elements reflected in the archaeological data, and combine the relative position information in the third element information table to draw other smaller elements such as government offices, altars, granaries, etc. in the target city, and fill in the "Name" field according to the "Element Name".

[0020] The connection attribute information forms the target city plane information data set as follows:

[0021] Create a new ArcMap document, load three layers of surface features, line features, and point features, create new "Feature Attribute" fields in each of the three layers, use ArcGIS's connection tool to connect the third feature information table to the three layers with "Name" and "Feature Name" as the connection fields, and use the Field Calculator tool to copy the content of the "Feature Attribute" field of the third feature information table to the "Feature Attribute" of the three layers to form a plane information dataset for the target city.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The plan information of ancient cities is scattered in ancient documents and is mainly stored in the form of text or images. The present invention accurately extracts the above information and converts it into vector data;

[0024] 2. The present invention integrates multi-source data to effectively overcome the problem that the amount of information of a single data and the feasibility of placement cannot be achieved at the same time, thereby improving the completeness and accuracy of plane restoration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Flowchart of the urban plane restoration method integrating multi-source data. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the application by illustrating examples of the present invention.

[0027] For a long time, due to the inability to obtain both the amount of information and the feasibility of location in local chronicles, ancient maps, archaeological maps and other data, it was impossible to restore the ancient city plan in detail and accurately based on a single data set, which restricted the planning, design and digital display of ancient cities.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are based on the above research background, and are based on multi-source data such as satellite images, place name notes, historical satellite films, old maps, archaeological maps, cultural relics data, local chronicles and ancient maps. They align map data and perform spatial integration, organize text data and extract element information, and restore the ancient city plan through the precise placement of a large number of urban elements.

[0029] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the following terms are explained in the embodiments of the present invention:

[0030] Tiandi Map, a geographic information service, includes multiple layers such as satellite images and place name annotations.

[0031] Satellite images are recent images of the earth's surface taken by satellite-mounted equipment. Currently, most open source satellite images have been rectified and corrected and contain accurate geographic coordinate information. The embodiments of the present invention mainly use Tiandi Map satellite images.

[0032] Place name annotation is a set of text and symbols used to mark place names. The embodiment of the present invention mainly uses the Tiandi Map place name annotation.

[0033] Historical satellite images are early images of the Earth's surface taken by satellite-mounted equipment in historical periods. Compared with the aforementioned satellite images, historical satellite images are mainly saved in the form of pictures and do not contain geographic coordinate information.

[0034] Old maps are city maps that have been carefully surveyed and drawn to a uniform scale since modern times.

[0035] Archaeological maps, which record the content and location information of urban archaeological discoveries, are part of archaeological findings.

[0036] Cultural relic data, a vector dataset that records existing cultural relics and their location information.

[0037] Local chronicles are historical records that record local conditions, including national geographical general chronicles and local general chronicles, prefecture chronicles, county chronicles, and department chronicles.

[0038] Ancient maps are city maps drawn using traditional Chinese surveying and mapping methods. Most of them were attached to ancient books such as local chronicles, and a few were published independently.

[0039] Georeferencing is the process of aligning raster data to a given coordinate system. It mainly includes the following steps: recording raster data and reference data, adding control points, checking residuals, selecting a georeferencing method, and updating georeferencing.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for restoring the ancient city plane by integrating multi-source data, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0042] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for restoring an ancient city plane provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the ancient city plane restoration method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes three parts: urban space reference integration, urban element information extraction and urban element space placement.

[0043] 1. Urban Space Reference Integration

[0044] The urban spatial reference integration part is used to perform geographic registration and spatial integration of spatial data such as satellite images, place name annotations, historical satellite images, old maps, archaeological maps, and cultural relics data, so as to establish a spatial reference system.

[0045] Among them, this part includes the following steps S1-S5:

[0046] S1: Obtain satellite images of the world map and place name annotations, historical satellite images, old maps, archaeological maps and cultural relics data;

[0047] S2: Registration of historical satellite images;

[0048] S3: Registration of old maps;

[0049] S4: Registering archaeological maps;

[0050] S5: Integrate five types of spatial data and establish a spatial reference system.

[0051] 2. City element information extraction

[0052] The city element information extraction part is used to perform text recognition and semantic recognition on local chronicles, ancient maps and other documentary materials, and then extract city elements and their location information to generate a city element information table.

[0053] Among them, this part includes the following steps S6-S8:

[0054] S6: Obtain relevant local chronicles and ancient maps;

[0055] S7: Text recognition and text processing for local chronicles and ancient maps;

[0056] S8: Generate a city element information table.

[0057] 3. Spatial location of urban elements

[0058] The urban element spatial location part is used to spatially locate and improve the attributes of the elements in the urban element information table to generate a target city plane information dataset.

[0059] Among them, this part includes the following steps S9-S10:

[0060] S9: Based on the spatial reference system, spatially locate urban elements;

[0061] S10: Connect the attribute information to form a target city plan information dataset.

[0062] The specific implementation of steps S1 to S10 is introduced below.

[0063] In a possible implementation, step S1 includes:

[0064] Determine the geographic location and approximate scope of the target city, obtain relevant historical satellite images, old maps, archaeological maps and cultural relics data of the target city, as well as APIs for Tiandi satellite images and place name annotations.

[0065] In a possible implementation, step S2 includes:

[0066] S21: Loading Tiandi Map image map and place name annotations;

[0067] As a possible implementation of step S21, a new ArcMap document is created on a computer connected to the Internet, a projection coordinate system whose central meridian is close to the target city is selected in the data frame properties, and the Tiandi Map image map and place name annotation API are loaded.

[0068] S22: Register the historical satellite images of the target city;

[0069] As a possible implementation of step S22, the historical satellite images of the target city are loaded into the above-mentioned ArcMap document, and the ArcGIS georeferencing tool is used to perform precise registration one by one based on the Tiandi Map image map and place name annotations to obtain the registered historical satellite images.

[0070] Among them, historical satellite images refer to all historical satellite images of the target city, which may be taken at different times. For the sake of distinction, historical satellite images can be renamed, for example: shooting time + historical satellite image; registered historical satellite images refer to raster data obtained by registering all historical satellite images. For the sake of distinction, registered historical satellite images can be renamed, for example: shooting time + registered historical satellite image.

[0071] In a possible implementation, step S3 includes:

[0072] S31: Load Tiandi Map image map, place name annotations and registered historical satellite images;

[0073] As a possible implementation of step S31, a new ArcMap document is created on a computer connected to the Internet, and the Tiandi Map image map and place name annotation API, as well as the registered historical satellite images, are loaded.

[0074] S32: Register the old map of the target city;

[0075] As a possible implementation of step S32, a suitable coordinate system is selected in the data frame properties of the above-mentioned ArcMap document, and the old map of the target city is loaded. The ArcGIS georeferencing tool is used to perform precise registration one by one based on the Tiandi Map image map, place name annotations and registered historical satellite images to obtain the registered old map.

[0076] Among them, the old map refers to all the old maps of the target city obtained, which may be drawn at different times. In order to facilitate distinction, the old maps can be renamed, for example: drawing time + old map; the registered old map refers to the raster data obtained by registering all the old maps. In order to facilitate distinction, the registered old maps can be renamed, for example: shooting time + registered old map.

[0077] The appropriate coordinate system refers to the coordinate system that is consistent with the projection method of the old map. Specifically, if the old map is a geographic coordinate system, any geographic coordinate system is selected; if the old map is a projected coordinate system, the projected coordinate system whose central meridian is close to the target city is selected. Before registering each old map, a new appropriate coordinate system must be selected.

[0078] In a possible implementation, step S4 includes:

[0079] S41: Load Tiandi Map image maps, place name annotations, and registered historical satellite images and registered old maps;

[0080] As a possible implementation of step S41, a new ArcMap document is created on a computer connected to the Internet, and the Tiandi Map image map and place name annotation API, as well as the registered historical satellite images and the registered old maps are loaded.

[0081] S42: Match the archaeological map of the target city;

[0082] As a possible implementation method of step S42, a suitable coordinate system is selected in the data frame properties of the above-mentioned ArcMap document, and the archaeological map of the target city is loaded. The ArcGIS georeferencing tool is used to perform precise registration one by one based on the Tiandi map image map, place name annotations, registered historical satellite images and registered old maps to obtain a registered archaeological map.

[0083] Among them, archaeological maps refer to all archaeological maps of the target city, which may be drawn at different times. For the convenience of distinction, the archaeological maps can be renamed, for example: drawing time + archaeological map; registered archaeological maps refer to the raster data obtained by registering all archaeological maps. For the convenience of distinction, the registered archaeological maps can be renamed, for example: shooting time + registered archaeological map.

[0084] Among them, the appropriate coordinate system refers to the coordinate system that is consistent with the projection method of the archaeological map. Specifically, if the archaeological map is a geographic coordinate system, any geographic coordinate system is selected; if the archaeological map is a projected coordinate system, the projected coordinate system whose central meridian is close to the target city is selected. Before registering each archaeological map, a suitable coordinate system must be reselected.

[0085] In a possible implementation, step S5 includes:

[0086] Create a new ArcMap document on a computer connected to the Internet, select the projection coordinate system with the central meridian close to the target city in the data frame properties, load the Tiandi Map image map and place name annotation API, registered historical satellite images, registered old maps, registered archaeological maps and archaeological data, so as to establish a spatial reference system for plane restoration of the target city.

[0087] Therefore, through geographic registration and spatial integration, research materials containing urban historical geographic information are integrated to obtain the location information of a series of point, line and surface spatial elements, thereby establishing a spatial reference system for the precise location of ancient urban elements.

[0088] In a possible implementation, step S6 includes:

[0089] Determine the construction time and duration of the target city, and obtain relevant local chronicles and ancient maps of the target city.

[0090] Among them, the local chronicles related to the target city refer to all local chronicles of different versions related to the target city, including both general geographical chronicles and local chronicles; the ancient maps of the target city refer to ancient maps involving the target city, including both ancient maps attached to ancient books and independently published ancient maps. In order to facilitate distinction, the local chronicles and ancient maps related to the target city can be renamed according to the time of compilation or drawing.

[0091] In a possible implementation, step S7 includes:

[0092] S71: Character recognition and text processing of local chronicles;

[0093] As a possible implementation of step S71, ancient book intelligent recognition software is used to perform text recognition and text processing on the photocopied local chronicles to obtain a text version of the local chronicles with punctuation and distinguishing between uppercase and lowercase characters.

[0094] S72: Perform text recognition on ancient maps.

[0095] As a possible implementation of step S72, ancient book intelligent recognition software is used to perform text recognition on the ancient map to obtain text annotations on the ancient map.

[0096] In a possible implementation, step S8 includes:

[0097] S81: Conduct artificial intelligence analysis of the text version of local chronicles to obtain the first city element information table;

[0098] As a possible implementation of step S81, based on the text version of the local chronicles, a generative artificial intelligence platform is used to extract the name, attributes and relative position information of the target city elements in the local chronicles to generate a first city element information table.

[0099] Among them, the relative position information refers to the relative position information recorded in local chronicles in text form, such as "to the east of *" or "later changed to *", etc.; the first city element information table includes four columns: serial number, element name, element attribute, and relative position.

[0100] S82: Perform manual correction to obtain a second city element information table;

[0101] As a possible implementation of step S82, based on the ancient book intelligent sorting platform, the text version of the local chronicles and the first element information table are manually compared to supplement missing information, correct erroneous information, delete duplicate information, verify and revise contradictory information, and then form the second city element information table. This step is to correct the results generated by artificial intelligence.

[0102] S83: Supplement the relative position information based on the ancient map to obtain a third city element information table.

[0103] As a possible implementation method of step S83, based on ancient maps and text annotations, the positions of the elements listed in the second element information table relative to the city walls, streets or other elements are analyzed, and supplemented in the relative position cells in the form of text expressions to obtain the third city element information table.

[0104] In a possible implementation, step S9 includes:

[0105] S91: Draw the area elements of the target city in the form of a surface;

[0106] As a possible implementation method of step S91, open the ArcMap document as the spatial reference system, create a new polygon layer, name it "surface element", create a new "name" field, refer to the Tiandi map satellite image, the registered historical satellite image, the registered old map, the registered archaeological map, and the remains or traces of urban elements reflected in the archaeological data, and draw the surface elements such as the city walls and waters of the target city in combination with the relative position information in the third element information table, and fill in the "name" field according to the "element name".

[0107] S92: Draw the linear elements of the target city in the form of lines;

[0108] As a possible implementation method of step S92, open the ArcMap document as the spatial reference system, create a new polyline layer, name it "Line Feature", create a new "Name" field, refer to the Tiandi Map satellite image, the registered historical satellite image, the registered old map, the registered archaeological map, and the remains or traces of urban elements reflected in the archaeological data, and combine the relative position information in the third element information table to draw the linear elements such as the city wall, moat, street, water system, etc. of the target city, and fill in the "Name" field according to the "Element Name".

[0109] S93: Draw other elements of the target city in the form of points;

[0110] As a possible implementation method of step S93, open the ArcMap document as the spatial reference system, create a new point layer, name it "point feature", create a new "name" field, refer to the Tiandi map satellite image, the registered historical satellite image, the registered old map, the registered archaeological map and the urban element relics or traces reflected in the archaeological data, and combine the relative position information in the third element information table to draw the government offices, altars, granaries and other smaller elements of the target city, and fill in the "name" field according to the "element name".

[0111] In a possible implementation, step S10 includes:

[0112] Create a new ArcMap document, load three layers of surface features, line features, and point features, create new "feature attribute" fields in each of the three layers, use ArcGIS's join tool, use "name" and "feature name" as the connection fields, connect the third feature information table to the three layers respectively, and use the field calculator tool to copy the "feature attribute" field content of the third feature information table to the "feature attribute" of the three layers, thus forming a plane information dataset for the target city.

[0113] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention perform planar restoration of ancient cities through three parts: urban space reference integration, urban element information extraction, and urban element spatial placement, thereby improving the restoration accuracy and meeting various needs in practical applications.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the accompanying drawing is only a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, and the serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0115] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for restoring the ancient city plane by integrating multi-source data, characterized in that: The method comprises: The urban spatial reference integration part is used to georeference and spatially integrate spatial data and establish a spatial reference system; The city element information extraction part is used to perform text recognition and semantic recognition on the literature, extract the city elements and their location information, and generate the city element information table; The urban element spatial location part is used to spatially locate and improve the attributes of the elements in the urban element information table, generate the target urban plane information dataset, and restore the ancient urban plane based on the target urban plane information dataset; The urban spatial reference integration part includes: obtaining satellite images of the world map and place name annotations, historical satellite images, old maps, archaeological maps and cultural relics data; registering historical satellite images; registering old maps; registering archaeological maps; integrating five types of spatial data to establish a spatial reference system; The integration of five types of spatial data and establishment of a spatial reference system comprises: creating a new ArcMap document on a computer connected to the Internet, selecting a projection coordinate system whose central meridian is close to the target city in the data frame properties, loading Tiandi Map image map and place name annotation API, registered historical satellite images, registered old maps, registered archaeological maps and archaeological data, and establishing a spatial reference system for plane restoration of the target city; The city element information extraction part includes: obtaining relevant local chronicles and ancient maps; performing text recognition and text processing on the local chronicles and ancient maps; generating a city element information table; Wherein, the generated city element information table is: Conduct artificial intelligence analysis on the text version of local chronicles to obtain the first city element information table; conduct manual correction to obtain the second city element information table; supplement relative position information based on ancient maps to obtain the third city element information table; The spatial location of urban elements is as follows: based on the spatial reference system, the urban elements are spatially located; the attribute information is connected to form a target city plane information data set; The spatial location of urban elements based on the spatial reference system is as follows: Open the ArcMap document as the spatial reference system, create a new polygon layer, name it "Area Feature", create a new "Name" field, refer to the Tiantu satellite image, the registered historical satellite image, the registered old map, the registered archaeological map and the city element relics or traces reflected in the archaeological data, and combine the relative position information in the third city element information table to draw the surface element of the target city, and fill in the "Name" field according to the "Element Name"; Open the ArcMap document as the spatial reference system, create a new polyline layer, name it "Line Feature", create a new "Name" field, refer to the Tiantu satellite image, the registered historical satellite image, the registered old map, the registered archaeological map, and the remains or traces of urban elements reflected in the archaeological data, and combine the relative position information in the third city element information table to draw the linear elements of the target city, and fill in the "Name" field according to the "Element Name"; Open the ArcMap document as the spatial reference system, create a new point layer, name it "Point Features", create a new "Name" field, refer to the Tiandi Map satellite images, the registered historical satellite images, the registered old maps, the registered archaeological maps, and the remains or traces of urban elements reflected in the archaeological data, and combine the relative position information in the third-party urban element information table to draw the small-scale elements of the target city, and fill in the "Name" field according to the "Element Name".

2. The method for restoring the ancient city plane by integrating multi-source data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The manual correction is performed to obtain the second city element information table as follows: Based on the intelligent organization platform for ancient books, the text version of the local chronicles and the first city element information table were manually compared to supplement missing information, correct erroneous information, delete duplicate information, verify and revise contradictory information to form the second city element information table.

3. The method for restoring the ancient city plane by integrating multi-source data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connection attribute information forms the target city plane information data set as follows: Create a new ArcMap document, load three layers of surface features, line features, and point features, create new "Feature Attribute" fields in each of the three layers, use ArcGIS's connection tool to connect the third city's feature information table to the three layers with "Name" and "Feature Name" as the connection fields, and use the Field Calculator tool to copy the "Feature Attribute" field content of the third city's feature information table to the "Feature Attribute" of the three layers to form a plane information dataset for the target city.

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