A guide device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a director, comprising a plurality of metamaterial units, which are arranged in at least 2 rows and 2 columns and connected to form a plate-like structure; each metamaterial unit comprises a dielectric plate and a metal pattern; the metal pattern is arranged on one surface of the dielectric plate, the metal pattern comprises 4 petals evenly arranged around the center of the pattern, each petal is a planar structure composed of lines, each petal forms at least one corner, and all petals are mutually conductive at the center of the pattern. The present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, scientific design, high precision, small size, strong directivity and high electromagnetic wave energy utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication equipment, in particular to a director. Background Art

[0002] A director antenna is an antenna used to enhance the efficiency of receiving and transmitting radio waves in a specific direction. It is widely used in communications, radar, television and other radio equipment in the meter-wave and decimeter-wave bands. Its main function is to improve the antenna's signal reception and transmission capabilities in a specific direction by guiding and focusing radio waves. A director antenna consists of a main oscillator (about half a wavelength), a reflector (slightly longer than the main oscillator) and several directors (slightly shorter than the main oscillator). Except for the direct connection between the main oscillator and the feeding system, the reflector and director are both passive oscillators. The directors used in current director antennas usually rely on signal strength to indicate the direction of the antenna, which has problems such as low directivity, easy signal leakage, and ineffective use of electromagnetic wave energy. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a director which has the advantages of simple structure, scientific design, high precision, small size, strong directivity and high electromagnetic wave energy utilization efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a director, in particular, includes a plurality of metamaterial units, which are arranged in at least 2 rows and 2 columns and connected to form a plate-like structure; each metamaterial unit includes a dielectric plate and a metal pattern; the metal pattern is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate, and the metal pattern includes 4 petals evenly arranged around the center of the pattern, each petal is a planar structure composed of lines, each petal forms at least one corner, and all petals are interconnected at the center of the pattern.

[0005] This scheme is composed of several metamaterial unit arrays connected, and the four petals of the metamaterial unit form a periodic structure through a circular array; such a structure has a good electromagnetic wave control ability when used, and can achieve extreme control of electromagnetic waves, thereby providing higher precision and stronger directivity. When applied to antennas, it has a beam convergence effect to obtain high-performance and high-gain antennas; and the metamaterial unit can also optimize the propagation and reflection of electromagnetic waves when used, which is conducive to improving the energy utilization efficiency of the antenna. In addition, the metamaterial unit can be designed and manufactured into a micro-nano structure to achieve miniaturization in volume, which is easier to integrate into various devices and systems, and is more convenient and flexible to use.

[0006] Furthermore, each petal is a spiral line, and the outer ends of all petals are connected to each other at the center of the pattern. The spiral line is preferably a circular spiral line or a square spiral line.

[0007] Furthermore, the thickness of the metal pattern is in the range of 0.005mm to 0.03mm, and the line width of the lines constituting each petal is in the range of 0.2mm±0.05mm; the dielectric plate is a square structure, the side length of the dielectric plate is in the range of 10mm±1mm, the thickness of the dielectric plate is in the range of 1mm±0.1mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate is in the range of 1 to 1.3; the coverage area of ​​the metal pattern is at least two-thirds of the area of ​​the surface of the dielectric plate on which the metal pattern is provided.

[0008] Furthermore, each metamaterial unit has at least two dielectric plates stacked in layers, and a metal pattern is disposed between each two adjacent dielectric plates. The metal pattern can be a metal sheet or a metal patch or a covering area formed on the dielectric plate by copper coating.

[0009] Furthermore, the plate-like structure formed by connecting a number of metamaterial units is a flat plate or a curved plate.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention include simple structure, scientific design, high precision, small size, strong directivity and high electromagnetic wave energy utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the metamaterial unit of Example 1.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metamaterial unit of Example 1 when viewed from above.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the existing antenna without a director during simulation.

[0015] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the antenna loaded with the director of Example 1 during simulation.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal pattern of Example 3.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal pattern of Example 4.

[0019] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal pattern of Example 5.

[0020] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal pattern of Example 6.

[0021] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal pattern of Example 7.

[0022] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal pattern of Example 8.

[0023] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal pattern of Example 9.

[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-metamaterial unit; 2-dielectric plate; 3-metal pattern; 4-petal; 41-straight segment; 42-first straight segment; 43-second straight segment; 44-open ring segment; 45-third straight segment; 46-L-shaped segment; 461-first side; 462-second side; 47-fourth straight segment; 48-encirclement; 481-fifth straight segment; 482-sixth straight segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a director of this embodiment includes 36 metamaterial units 1, which are arranged in 6 rows and 6 columns and connected to form a plate-like structure. The plate-like structure of this embodiment is a plane plate; each metamaterial unit 1 includes a dielectric plate 2 and a metal pattern 3; the metal pattern 3 is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate 2. In practical applications, all metamaterial units 1 can share a dielectric material plate with a larger area, and a plurality of metal patterns 3 can be arranged on one side of the dielectric material plate. The metal pattern 3 includes 4 petals 4 evenly arranged around the center of the pattern, each petal 4 is a planar structure composed of lines, each petal 4 has a corner, and all petals 4 are mutually conductive at the center of the pattern. Each petal 4 of this embodiment is a circular spiral line, and the outer ends of all petals 4 are mutually conductive at the center of the pattern. Specifically, in this embodiment, a straight section 41 is connected to the outer end of the circular spiral line, and the ends of the straight sections 41 of all petals 4 are mutually conductive at the center of the pattern. The thickness of the metal pattern 3 is 0.01mm, the line width D1 of each petal 4 is 0.2mm, and the distance D2 between the spiral centers of two adjacent petals 4 is 4.2mm; the dielectric plate 2 is a square structure, the side length L of the dielectric plate 2 is 10mm, the thickness H of the dielectric plate 2 is 1mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate 2 is 1.05; the coverage area of ​​the metal pattern 3 is at least two-thirds of the area of ​​the surface of the dielectric plate 2 on which the metal pattern 3 is provided, and the coverage area of ​​the metal pattern 3 refers to the area of ​​the rectangular virtual frame that can just accommodate the metal pattern 3. Such a design has a good electromagnetic wave control capability when in use, can achieve extreme control of electromagnetic waves, thereby providing higher precision and stronger directivity, and has a beam convergence effect when applied to an antenna, obtaining a high-performance and high-gain antenna; and the metamaterial unit 1 can also optimize the propagation and reflection of electromagnetic waves when in use, which is conducive to improving the energy utilization efficiency of the antenna. In addition, the metamaterial unit 1 can be designed and manufactured into a micro-nano structure to achieve miniaturization in volume, which makes it easier to integrate into various devices and systems, and is more convenient and flexible to use. When this embodiment is applied to the antenna, the simulation results show that the maximum beam aggregation point is at 8Ghz; Figure 4 As shown in Figure 1, the gain of the antenna without a director at 8 GHz reaches 8.547 dBi. Figure 5 As shown, the antenna loaded with multiple layers of the directors of this embodiment has a gain of 14.82 dBi at 8 GHz, which is 6.273 dBi higher than that of the antenna not loaded with the metamaterial director. It can be seen that this embodiment can significantly improve the gain of the antenna when applied.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: Figure 6As shown, each metamaterial unit 1 has three dielectric plates 2 stacked in layers, and a metal pattern is provided between each two adjacent dielectric plates 2. Such a structure can also change the resonance effect when used, and can be applied in multiple frequency bands.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: Figure 7 As shown, each petal 4 of the metal pattern 3 of the metamaterial unit of this embodiment is a square spiral. The technical effect of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1. This embodiment is a new design made to meet the needs of customers in different frequency bands.

[0031] Example 4

[0032] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: Figure 8 As shown, each petal 4 includes a first straight line segment 42 and a second straight line segment 43; one end of the first straight line segment 42 is connected to one end of the second straight line segment 43 to form a right angle structure; one end of the first straight line segment 42 of all petals 4 away from the second straight line segment 43 is connected at the center of the figure. The technical effect of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and this embodiment is a new design made to meet the needs of customers in different frequency bands.

[0033] Example 5

[0034] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that: Fig. 9 As shown, each petal 4 further includes an open annular segment 44; the open annular segment 44 is located in the angle formed by the first straight segment 42 and the second straight segment 43, and the opening of the open annular segment 44 is directly opposite to the first straight segment 42. The technical effect of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and this embodiment is a new design made to meet the needs of customers in different frequency bands.

[0035] Example 6

[0036] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that: Fig.10 As shown, each petal 4 also includes a plurality of third straight line segments 45; each third straight line segment 45 is located in the angle formed by the first straight line segment 42 and the second straight line segment 43; each third straight line segment 45 is perpendicular to the first straight line segment 42, and one end of each third straight line segment 45 is connected and conducted with the first straight line segment 42; a plurality of third straight line segments 45 are arranged along the length direction of the first straight line segment 42; the length of each third straight line segment 45 is shorter than the length of the second straight line segment 43, and the closer the third straight line segment 45 is to the center of the figure, the shorter the length. The technical effect of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and this embodiment is a new design made to meet the needs of customers in different frequency bands.

[0037] Example 7

[0038] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that: Fig.11 As shown, each petal 4 also includes a plurality of third straight segments 45; each third straight segment 45 is located in the angle formed by the first straight segment 42 and the second straight segment 43; each third straight segment 45 is perpendicular to the first straight segment 42; a plurality of third straight segments 45 are arranged along the length direction of the first straight segment 42; the spacing between one end of each third straight segment 45 and the first straight segment 42 is the same, and the other end of each third straight segment 45 is flush with the end of the second straight segment 43 away from the first straight segment 42. . The technical effect of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and this embodiment is a new design made to meet the needs of customers in different frequency bands.

[0039] Example 8

[0040] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that: Fig.12 As shown, each petal 4 also includes a plurality of L-shaped segments 46, each L-shaped segment 46 includes a first side 461 and a second side 462 connected to form a right-angle structure, each L-shaped segment 46 is located in the angle formed by the first straight segment 42 and the second straight segment 43, and the outer angle of each L-shaped segment 46 points to the angle formed by the first straight segment 42 and the second straight segment 43; the plurality of L-shaped segments 46 are arranged in sequence along the angle bisector of the angle formed by the first straight segment 42 and the second straight segment 43; the end of the first side 461 of each L-shaped segment 46 away from the second side 462 is located on a straight line parallel to the second straight segment 43; the end of the second side 462 of each L-shaped segment 46 away from the first side 461 is flush with the end of the second straight segment 43 away from the first straight segment 42. The technical effect of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and this embodiment is a new design made to meet the needs of customers in different frequency bands.

[0041] Example 9

[0042] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that: Fig.13As shown, the first straight line segment 42 of each petal is connected to a plurality of third straight line segments 45, each of which is perpendicular to the first straight line segment 42, and the plurality of third straight line segments 45 are arranged along the length direction of the first straight line segment 42; the second straight line segment 43 of each petal is also connected to a fourth straight line segment 47, each of which is perpendicular to the second straight line segment 43, and the plurality of fourth straight line segments 47 are arranged along the length direction of the second straight line segment 43; the metal pattern 3 also includes an encircling ring 48, and each petal is within the encircling ring 48; a fifth straight line segment 481 connected to the encircling ring 48 is provided between each adjacent two third straight line segments 45 of each petal, between the third straight line segment 45 close to the second straight line segment 43 and the second straight line segment 43, and between the third straight line segment 45 close to another petal and the first straight line segment 42 of the other petal; a sixth straight line segment 482 connected to the encircling ring 48 is provided between each adjacent two fourth straight line segments 47 of each petal. The technical effect of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1. This embodiment is a new design made to meet the needs of customers for applications in different frequency bands.

Claims

1. A director, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of metamaterial units, which are arranged in at least 2 rows and 2 columns and connected to form a plate-like structure; each metamaterial unit comprises a dielectric plate and a metal pattern; the metal pattern is arranged on one surface of the dielectric plate, the metal pattern comprises 4 petals evenly arranged around the center of the pattern, each petal is a planar structure composed of lines, each petal forms at least one corner, and all petals are mutually conductive at the center of the pattern; Each petal portion includes a first straight line segment and a second straight line segment; one end of the first straight line segment is connected to one end of the second straight line segment to form a right angle structure; the ends of the first straight line segments of all petals away from the second straight line segment are connected at the center of the figure; Each petal portion further includes an open annular segment; the open annular segment is located within an angle formed by connecting the first straight line segment and the second straight line segment, and the opening of the open annular segment is directly opposite to the first straight line segment; The thickness of the metal pattern is in the range of 0.005mm to 0.03mm, and the line width of the lines constituting each petal is in the range of 0.2mm±0.05mm; the dielectric plate is a square structure, the side length of the dielectric plate is in the range of 10mm±1mm, the thickness of the dielectric plate is in the range of 1mm±0.1mm, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate is in the range of 1 to 1.

3.

2. A director according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each metamaterial unit has at least two dielectric plates arranged in a stacked manner, and a metal pattern is arranged between each two adjacent dielectric plates.

3. A director according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate-like structure formed by connecting several metamaterial units is a flat plate or a curved plate.

Images