Telescopic leg system and crane

Abstract

This invention discloses a telescopic outrigger system and a crane. The telescopic outrigger includes a fixed outrigger box with one open end and a movable outrigger fitted inside the fixed outrigger box. The movable outrigger is driven to extend or retract by a horizontal hydraulic cylinder. The front and rear panels of the fixed outrigger have through holes for a drive shaft to pass through. The movable outrigger has a transverse U-shaped plate in the middle. When the movable outrigger extends or retracts, it avoids the drive shaft passing through the through holes by passing through the U-shaped plate. The closed side of the U-shaped plate has a support block for overlapping the top and bottom plates of the U-shaped plate. The movable outrigger has a drive mechanism that drives the support block to approach the end opening or through hole of the fixed outrigger box when the movable outrigger extends or retracts. The through hole allows the drive shaft of the transmission system to pass through. The support block is driven to approach the end opening of the fixed outrigger box. The movable outrigger extends out of the support block and is located on the opening side of the U-shaped plate, overlapping its top and bottom plates to compensate for the load-bearing capacity lost by the movable outrigger. The support block is driven to approach the through hole, and the movable outrigger is fully retracted and hidden.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a telescopic outrigger system for a crane, and also to a crane. Background Technology

[0002] As a special type of vehicle, wheeled cranes not only need to be equipped with the essential power and transmission systems of wheeled vehicles, such as engines, drive shafts, and axles, but also with the outrigger system required for crane lifting. In most wheeled cranes, the power system and drive axles are located on either side of the front fixed outriggers, which means the transmission system must bypass the front fixed outriggers. Due to the lifting performance requirements of cranes, the outrigger box must be as large as possible. However, increasing the size of the outrigger box inevitably reduces the space available for the transmission system, making the power transmission system layout difficult and affecting product performance. Therefore, a new outrigger structure needs to be designed that can both meet the crane's power transmission system layout requirements and effectively improve the crane's lifting performance.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical issues, existing wheeled crane drive systems employ two methods to bypass the front fixed outriggers: mounting the drive shaft on top and mounting it on the bottom. The top-mounted drive shaft solution is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the driveshaft 3 of the engine and transmission 2 passes over the front fixed outrigger system 1, and then connects to the oil pump 4, etc. The front fixed outrigger is relatively low overall. In this design, due to load-bearing requirements, the height of the fixed outrigger box is relatively large, and the driveshaft needs to be arranged in sections. The section above the fixed outrigger is horizontally arranged, and after crossing the fixed outrigger, it is inclined downwards. If the size of the fixed outrigger box increases upwards, the angle between the horizontal and inclined sections of the driveshaft will further increase, which is not conducive to the operation of the transmission system; if the size of the fixed outrigger box increases downwards, it will reduce the ground clearance of the entire vehicle, affecting the vehicle's passability. A driveshaft under-mounted design is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the drive shaft passes under the front fixed outrigger, which is relatively high overall, as disclosed in invention patent 201110276240.0. While passing the drive shaft under the fixed outrigger solves the problem of the drive shaft angle, the high fixed outrigger raises the overall center of gravity of the machine after the machine is supported during hoisting operations. Additionally, the vertical cylinder extends further, resulting in decreased hoisting stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a telescopic outrigger system that is advantageous for the layout of the power transmission system of a crane and meets the load-bearing requirements. Another purpose of this invention is to provide a crane that simultaneously satisfies the requirements of power transmission layout and lifting performance.

[0005] Technical Solution: The telescopic outrigger system of the present invention includes a fixed outrigger box with one end open, and a movable outrigger sleeved inside the fixed outrigger box. The movable outrigger is driven to extend or retract by a horizontal hydraulic cylinder. The front and rear panels of the fixed outrigger have through holes for a drive shaft to pass through. The middle of the movable outrigger is provided with a transverse U-shaped plate. When the movable outrigger extends or retracts, it avoids the drive shaft passing through the through holes by passing through the U-shaped plate. The closed side of the U-shaped plate is provided with a support block for overlapping the top and bottom plates of the U-shaped plate. The movable outrigger is provided with a driving mechanism that drives the support block to approach the end opening or through hole of the fixed outrigger box when the movable outrigger extends or retracts.

[0006] In this invention, a through hole is provided for the transmission shaft of the transmission system to pass through, which meets the layout requirements of the crane's power transmission system. A support block is added, which is driven to approach the end opening of the fixed outrigger box. When the movable outrigger extends, the support block is located on the opening side of the U-shaped plate, overlapping the top and bottom plates of the U-shaped plate, making up for the load-bearing capacity lost by the movable outrigger due to the U-shaped plate. This allows the outrigger system to simultaneously meet the requirements of the transmission system and the load-bearing capacity. The support block is driven to approach the through hole, and the movable outrigger is fully retracted and hidden.

[0007] Preferably, the panel between the through hole and the end opening of the fixed support leg box is provided with a baffle or protrusion, and the number of baffles or protrusions is not less than two. The baffle or protrusion is used for limiting the movement. The rear baffle limits the sliding distance of the rear end of the support block to prevent the support block from entering the visible range of the through hole and sliding out of the fixed support leg box with the movable support leg. The front baffle limits the sliding distance of the front end of the support block to prevent the support block from sliding out of the end opening of the fixed support leg box with the movable support leg.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the support block is provided with a limiting groove that mates with a baffle or protrusion, and the other end sidewall is provided with a sliding groove that mates with a baffle or protrusion. Both the limiting groove and the sliding groove are internal grooves, which, while providing limiting, also serve as reinforcing ribs to increase the load-bearing capacity of the support block.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism is a retractable pin, which is located on the top or bottom plate of the U-shaped plate. When the pin is located on the bottom plate, the resistance increases; it is preferable to locate the pin on the upper housing. Between the through hole and the end opening of the fixed leg box, the pin can drive the slider to slide. When the support block approaches the through hole or the end opening of the fixed leg box, the pin retracts, passes over the support block, and loses its function of driving the support block to move.

[0010] Preferably, the pin includes a sleeve for connecting with the top or bottom plate of the U-shaped plate, a mandrel inside the sleeve, and a waist boss (slidably connected to the sleeve, with a return spring sleeved at the top and an inclined surface at the bottom that cooperates with the side wall of the slider groove).

[0011] Preferably, the pin is located on the top plate of the closed side of the U-shaped plate. This reduces interference caused by the pin crossing the drive shaft when the movable outrigger extends or retracts.

[0012] Preferably, the support block has a guide groove at its top or bottom for guiding the sliding of the pin, and the guide groove has a mirror-symmetrical front inclined surface and a rear inclined surface. When the support block abuts against the limiting mechanism, the front and rear inclined surfaces allow the pin to pass over them; when the support block slides without resistance, the front and rear inclined surfaces serve as the surfaces on which the pin drives the support block to slide.

[0013] Preferably, the movable outrigger has a hollow box-shaped structure, with one end of the horizontal cylinder connected to the side wall of the fixed outrigger box, and the other end extending into the movable outrigger and connected to the side wall of the movable outrigger. During retraction, the main body of the horizontal cylinder is located inside the movable outrigger, reducing space occupation.

[0014] Preferably, the support block has a trapezoidal cross-section, smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, with a U-shaped longitudinal interface. This meets the requirements for lightweight design.

[0015] The crane of the present invention includes the telescopic outrigger system described above, wherein the telescopic outrigger system is a front outrigger system.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1. Facilitates the layout of the transmission system: The drive shaft passes through the inside of the outrigger box, which is not limited by the size of the outrigger box, and can match the optimal drive shaft angle, improving the reliability of the power transmission system; 2. Strong load-bearing capacity of the telescopic system: The height of the outrigger box is not limited by the arrangement of the power components, which can achieve the optimal matching of the box cross-sectional size and structural weight, resulting in stronger load-bearing capacity and higher reliability of the outrigger; the addition of a slider compensates for the strength loss of the telescopic outrigger; 3. Facilitates crane assembly: The drive shaft, power take-off drive shaft and other power transmission components pass through the inside of the outrigger box, without occupying the external space of the outrigger and without affecting the ground clearance of the entire vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a telescopic outrigger system mounted on a drive shaft in the prior art.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a prior art system in which the drive shaft is positioned below the telescopic outrigger.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission shaft of the present invention placed within the telescopic outrigger system;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top-view perspective view of the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a top view of the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed support leg structure of the telescopic support leg system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the movable outrigger structure of the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support block structure of the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pin structure of the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle structure of the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pin shaft in the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention in its fully retracted state;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the first extension stage of the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the second extension stage of the telescopic outrigger system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the fully extended telescopic outrigger system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Example 1: The telescopic outrigger system 1 provides support to the left and right sides along the length of the crane. Each telescopic outrigger system 1 includes two identical telescopic outriggers facing opposite directions, and a drive mechanism within the telescopic outriggers that extends or retracts them to the bottom of the crane. For example... Figure 3 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the telescopic outrigger system 1 in use according to the present invention. The transmission shaft of the transmission system connected to the gearbox 2 passes through the middle of the telescopic outrigger system.

[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the upper cover plate 121 of the movable support leg 12 is omitted. Each telescopic support leg includes a fixed support leg box 11 and a movable support leg 12. The fixed support leg box 11 is a cylindrical structure with one end open. The movable support leg 12 is inserted into the fixed support leg box 11 through the opening. A horizontal hydraulic cylinder 17 is provided between the fixed support leg box 11 and the movable support leg to push the movable support leg 12 to extend or retract from the opening of the fixed support leg box 11. During assembly, the fixed support leg boxes 11 of the two telescopic support legs overlap front and back, with the openings facing opposite directions.

[0035] like Figure 6 Each fixed support leg box 11 has through holes 111 on its front and rear panels, forming a channel for the drive shaft of the transmission system to pass through. During assembly, the two fixed support leg boxes are overlapped front to back, and the through holes 111 can be made in the front, middle, and rear panels. The position and shape of the through holes 111 are not limited and can be made according to the arrangement of the drive shaft, but it is preferable to make them in the middle of the panel.

[0036] like Figure 7 The main structure of the movable outrigger 12 is a hollow box-shaped structure, mainly formed by splicing together an upper cover plate 121, a lower cover plate 122, a left web plate 123, and a right web plate 124, corresponding to the through hole 111. The waist of the movable outrigger 12 is cut off laterally and spliced ​​with a U-shaped plate 125. When the movable outrigger 12 extends or retracts, the U-shaped plate 125 is used to avoid the drive shaft that passes through the fixed outrigger box 11 along the through hole 111. The addition of the U-shaped plate divides the movable outrigger 12 into an upper box and a lower box. The upper box or the lower box has a through hole at its end for connecting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 17 to pass through. When the movable outrigger 12 retracts into the bottom of the crane, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is inside the movable outrigger 12, reducing the space occupied by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 17.

[0037] like Figure 12 and Figure 15 As shown, a support block 13 is installed inside the U-shaped plate 125. The support block 13 can slide within the cavity formed by the U-shaped plate and the front and rear panels of the fixed leg box 11. When the movable leg 12 extends relative to the fixed leg box 11, the support block 13 is close to the end opening of the fixed leg box 11 and located at the opening end of the U-shaped plate of the movable leg 12, so as to overlap the upper and lower boxes. When the movable leg 12 retracts relative to the fixed leg box 11, the support block 13 is located at the closed end of the U-shaped plate and close to the end of the through hole 111. The support block 13 is stored away from the drive shaft that passes through the fixed leg box 11 along the through hole 111, and there is no mutual interference between the systems.

[0038] When the movable outrigger 12 extends or retracts, the support block 13 is driven to slide to the appropriate position by a separately configured drive mechanism and detection mechanism. For example, the drive mechanism includes a position detection module and an electromagnet. The top or bottom plate of the U-shaped plate opening of the movable outrigger 12 is equipped with an electromagnet and a signal detection module. The electromagnet is energized and controlled by the signal detection module to... Figure 12 In the example of the display direction, a signal shielding module is set on the left section of the through hole 111 of the fixed support leg box 11, and on the upper and lower sides of the through hole 111. A signal transmitting module is set on the support block 13. When the movable support leg 12 extends, the detection module detects the signal of the support block 13, the electromagnet is energized, and the support block 13 is driven to slide. When it retracts, when the support block 13 moves to the right end of the through hole 111, the electromagnet is de-energized, and the support block 13 is stationary.

[0039] Example 2: Compared with Example 1, this example can also have the following variations: the support block 13 is slid to a suitable position by the movable support leg 12.

[0040] A drive mechanism for sliding the support block 13 is provided on the top or bottom plate of the U-shaped plate 125. If the drive mechanism is located on the bottom plate of the U-shaped plate, the sliding resistance of the support block will increase; therefore, it is preferable to locate it on the top plate. Figure 7 The top plate of the U-shaped plate has a mounting hole 126 on the side near the closed end of the U-shaped plate. The driving mechanism is a pin 14, which is assembled with the movable support leg 12 through the mounting hole 126. The pin 14 is a telescopic pin; when the pin 14 extends, the support block 13 slides synchronously with the movable support leg 12; when the pin 14 retracts, the support block 13 is fixed. Figure 9 and Figure 11 The pin includes a sleeve 141, a spindle 142, and a compression spring 143 (not shown). The spindle 142 includes a cylindrical shaft body 1421, a boss 1422 in the middle of the shaft body 1421, and a sloped surface 1423 at the bottom. The boss 1422 and the upper half of the shaft body 1441 are slidably mounted in the sleeve 141. The boss 1422 is used to restrict the compression spring 143 in the upper half of the shaft body 1441. The sloped surface 1423 includes two sloped surfaces symmetrically arranged along the axis of the shaft body, which are used to cooperate with the support block 13 to drive it to slide. When the pin 14 extends, the pin 14 drives the support block 13 to slide synchronously with the movable support leg 12. When the support block 13 is fixed, the pin 14 passes over the support block 13 and retracts. The pin being located at the open end of the U-shaped plate may affect the drive shaft passing through the center. It is preferable to place it at the closed end of the U-shaped plate (between the through hole 111 and the end opening of the fixed leg box 11 when the movable leg 12 is retracted).

[0041] The limiting method for the support block 13 can be either an integrally formed protrusion on a suitable position on the panel of the fixed leg box 11, or an additional limiting mechanism. For example... Figure 6 The limiting mechanism is a baffle. With the extended end of the movable outrigger 12 as the front end, the panel of the fixed outrigger box 11 is provided with mounting holes 112 and 113, such as... Figure 4 A front baffle 15 and a rear baffle 16 are installed through mounting holes 113 and 112, respectively. The front baffle 15 and rear baffle 16 have identical structures and limit the sliding distance of the support block 13 at its front and rear ends, allowing the support block 13 to slide at a suitable position between the through hole 111 and the end opening of the fixed leg box 11. Figure 10 As shown, the front baffle 15 includes a cylindrical surface 151, a baffle surface 152, and a mounting hole 153. The cylindrical surface 151 is fitted into the mounting hole 113, and bolts pass through the mounting hole 153 to fix the front baffle 15 to the panel of the fixed outrigger box 11.

[0042] like Figures 12 to 15The diagram shows the motor process of the movable outrigger 12 driving the support block 13 to slide. For ease of understanding, the front panel of the fixed outrigger box 11 and the right web plate 124 of the movable outrigger 12 are omitted from the diagram. When the movable outrigger 12 extends, the pin 14 extends, and the support block 13 is released from the restriction of the rear baffle 16 and slides synchronously with the movable outrigger 12. When the support block 13 approaches the end opening of the fixed outrigger box 11, the front baffle 15 abuts against it, the sliding of the support block 13 is restricted, the pin 14 retracts, passes the support block 13, and the movable outrigger 12 continues to slide and extend. When the movable outrigger 12 is fully extended, the support block 13 is located at the opening end of the U-shaped plate, so that the upper and lower boxes of the movable outrigger 12 overlap.

[0043] Example 3: Compared with Example 2, this example can also have the following modifications: the structure of support block 13 is changed.

[0044] like Figure 8 The diagram shows a schematic of the support block 13. The main body of the support block 13 is a block-shaped load-bearing structure. A guide groove for engaging with the pin 14 is provided on the top of the support block 13 along the length of the fixed leg box 11. A front inclined surface 132 and a rear inclined surface 133 are mirror-symmetrically arranged within the guide groove, dividing it into a front sliding groove 131 and a rear sliding groove 134. The front inclined surface 132 and the rear inclined surface 133 can be positioned anywhere within the guide groove, but the middle is preferred. When the pin 14 drives the support block 13 to slide, the bottom of the pin 14 abuts against either the front inclined surface 132 or the rear inclined surface 133. When the support block 13 is fixed, the pin 14 retracts along the front inclined surface 132 and the rear inclined surface 133, passing over the support block 13.

[0045] The support block 13 has a limiting groove 136 at its rear end, which cooperates with the fixing mechanism on the panel of the outrigger box 111 to limit the rear end of the sliding distance of the support block 13. A sliding groove 135 on its side cooperates with the fixing mechanism on the panel of the outrigger box 111 to limit the front end of the sliding distance of the support block 13. This restricts the sliding distance of the support block 13, ensuring it is fixed in a suitable position and preventing most of the support block 13 from entering the through hole 111 and detaching from the fixed outrigger box 11. The recessed sliding groove 135 enhances the load-bearing capacity of the support block 13. To meet lightweight requirements, the support block 13 can have a hollow structure, and its longitudinal interface is "U"-shaped.

[0046] The assembly and usage instructions for the telescopic outrigger system are as follows:

[0047] The support block 13 is inserted into the innermost part of the hollow portion of the U-shaped plate 125 of the movable support leg 12. Figure 12(Rightmost closed end); the pin 14 is installed in the mounting hole 126 of the movable outrigger 12 with a bolt (not shown in the figure), and after installation, it is located on the left side of the support block 13; then the horizontal cylinder 17 is assembled, and the movable outrigger 12 is installed into the fixed outrigger box 11; the movable outrigger 12 is fully retracted into the fixed outrigger box 11, and the rear baffle 16 is installed in the mounting hole 112 of the fixed outrigger box 11 in the fully retracted position, and the front baffle 15 is installed in the mounting hole 113 of the fixed outrigger box 11, thus completing the assembly of the telescopic outrigger system.

[0048] When in use, the fully received state is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, at this time, the support block 13 is limited to the position shown by the rear baffle 16. When extended in the first stage: the horizontal cylinder 17 extends, causing the movable support leg 12 to extend outwards. The pin 14 also extends outwards along with the movable support leg 12. The inclined surface 1423 of the pin 14 gradually approaches the front inclined surface 132 of the support block 13. When the two contact, they will cause the support block 13 to move outwards, as shown... Figures 13 to 14 As shown; when extended in the second stage: the support block 13 continues to move outward with the movable leg 12. After the front baffle 15 contacts the tail of the groove 135 of the support block 13, the support block 13 stops moving. The stopping position of the support block 13 is the overlapping part of the movable leg 12, that is, the support leg bearing part. At this position, the support block 13 can connect the upper and lower closed box-shaped structures of the movable leg 12, which can significantly improve the bearing capacity of the movable leg 12. The pin 14 continues to move outward with the movable leg 12. Due to the height change of the rear inclined surface 132 of the support block 13, the spindle 142 of the pin 14 is squeezed back into the sleeve 141, so the pin 14 can continue to move outward past the protruding part at the top of the support block 13, as shown. Figure 14 As shown; when extended to the third stage: after the pin 14 passes the protruding part at the top of the support block 13, due to the action of the compression spring 143, the spindle 142 extends out of the sleeve 141, preparing to push the support block 13 to move when the outrigger retracts. The movable outrigger 12 continues to move outward until it reaches the desired position. The retraction process of the movable outrigger 12 is the reverse of the above process and will not be described in detail.

Claims

1. A telescopic outrigger system, comprising a fixed outrigger box (11) with one end open, and a movable outrigger (12) sleeved within the fixed outrigger box, the movable outrigger being driven to extend or retract by a horizontal hydraulic cylinder (17), characterized in that, The fixed support leg box (11) has through holes (111) on its front and rear panels for the transmission shaft to pass through. The movable support leg (12) has a transverse U-shaped plate (125) in the middle. When the movable support leg (12) extends or retracts, it avoids the transmission shaft passing through the through hole by passing through the U-shaped plate (125). The U-shaped plate (125) has a support block (13) that can slide in the cavity formed by the U-shaped plate and the front and rear panels of the fixed support leg box (11). The panel between the through hole (111) and the end opening of the fixed support leg box has a baffle or protrusion that limits the sliding distance of the support block (13). There are no less than two baffles or protrusions. One end of the support block (13) has a limiting groove (136) that cooperates with the baffle or protrusion. The other end sidewall has a sliding groove (135) that cooperates with the baffle or protrusion. The top or bottom plate of the U-shaped plate (125) A drive mechanism is set to drive the support block (13) to slide. When the drive mechanism is an electromagnet and a signal detection module, a signal transmission module is set on the support block (13). When the drive mechanism is a retractable pin (14), a guide groove is set on the support block (13) to guide the bottom end of the pin (14) to slide. A front inclined surface (132) and a rear inclined surface (133) are symmetrically provided in the guide groove. When the electromagnet is energized or the pin (14) extends, the support block (13) is driven to slide. When the movable leg (12) extends relative to the fixed leg box (11), the support block (13) is close to the end opening of the fixed leg box (11) and located at the U-shaped plate opening end of the movable leg (12) to overlap the top plate and the bottom plate. When the movable leg (12) retracts relative to the fixed leg box (11), the support block (13) is located at the closed end of the U-shaped plate (125) and close to the end of the through hole (111).

2. The telescopic outrigger system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin (14) includes a sleeve (141) for connecting with the top or bottom plate of the U-shaped plate (125), a mandrel (142) inside the sleeve, the mandrel being slidably connected to the sleeve via a waist boss (1422), a return spring being fitted on the top, and an inclined surface being provided at the bottom to cooperate with the support block (13).

3. The telescopic outrigger system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin (14) is located on the top plate of the closed end of the U-shaped plate (125).

4. The telescopic outrigger system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the support block (13) is trapezoidal, and the longitudinal section is U-shaped.

5. The telescopic outrigger system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable support leg (12) is a hollow box-shaped structure. One end of the horizontal cylinder is connected to the side wall of the fixed support leg box (11), and the other end extends into the movable support leg (12) and is connected to the side wall of the movable support leg.

6. A crane comprising the telescopic outrigger system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the telescopic outrigger system is a front outrigger system.

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