A pyrolysis device and method for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of pyrolysis, and discloses a pyrolysis device and method for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization. The pyrolysis device includes a U-shaped pyrolysis tank, a molten salt jacket, a pyrolysis tank furnace, a molten salt tank, a molten salt tank furnace, a molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism, a molten salt tank electric heating mechanism, a pyrolysis tank burner, a molten salt tank burner, a molten salt pump and a molten salt circulation pipeline; the molten salt jacket is wrapped in the middle and lower part of the outer side of the U-shaped pyrolysis tank, and the molten salt jacket has built-in molten salt and a molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism. The present invention effectively realizes the coordinated use of multiple heat sources of electricity and gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels on a set of pyrolysis equipment, and can also realize heat storage and energy storage, store the excess heat of the first pyrolysis process, and use it in the second pyrolysis process, fully realize the best use of thermal energy, avoid heat energy waste, and realize accurate control of the pyrolysis temperature and uniform heating, with good economic benefits, safety benefits and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of pyrolysis, and in particular to a pyrolysis device and method for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization. Background Art

[0002] Pyrolysis technology is to heat organic matter to 500-1000℃ in the absence of oxygen or oxygen, so that solid carbon-containing matter (coal, biomass, garbage, waste tires, waste organic matter, organic sludge, agricultural and forestry waste, etc.) is converted into storable energy mainly in the form of fuel gas (pyrolysis gas), fuel oil and pyrolysis charcoal.

[0003] In pyrolysis technology, sufficient heat source must be provided to the pyrolysis process to ensure that the pyrolysis tank has enough heat and temperature to carry out the pyrolysis process. The energy sources that can be used now include electricity, gas, fuel oil, coal, biomass fuel, etc. Due to the improvement of environmental protection policies and environmental protection requirements, coal has been withdrawn from most pyrolysis production processes. Electricity has become one of the main energy sources for pyrolysis because of its cleanliness, convenience and easy control.

[0004] The heat sources used by various existing pyrolysis equipment are either gas, oil, solid fuel, or electricity. Due to the structural characteristics of the heating surface of the pyrolysis equipment, all pyrolysis equipment cannot use other fuels if it uses electricity for heating, and cannot use electricity for heating if it uses other fuels. Specifically, traditional pyrolysis tanks are O-type tanks, and a circle of electromagnetic disk tubes rotates and fits on the outer surface of the cracking tank wall to directly heat the tank wall; when the tank wall is burned with fire, the electromagnetic heating tube will be burned, so electricity cannot be used. One of the characteristics of the pyrolysis process is that the pyrolysis process will produce a large amount of combustible non-condensable gas. If the pyrolysis process uses electric heating, this part of the non-condensable gas cannot participate in the heat cycle of the pyrolysis process, resulting in excessive energy consumption in the pyrolysis process. Therefore, electric heating encounters great constraints in the use of pyrolysis equipment.

[0005] Another important feature of the pyrolysis process is that a large amount of heat is required during the pyrolysis heating stage, and the system itself cannot produce or can only produce a small amount of pyrolysis non-condensable gas. In the later stage of the pyrolysis process, the pyrolysis process requires very little heat, but many materials will produce a large amount of pyrolysis non-condensable gas at this time. This part of non-condensable gas is not easy to store and has a high calorific value. Burning it in vain will cause great pollution and waste. The compromise solution in many places is to install more pyrolysis equipment and run several pyrolysis equipment alternately to consume this part of non-condensable gas. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a pyrolysis device and method for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization, and the technical scheme thereof is as follows:

[0007] A pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization, comprising a U-shaped pyrolysis tank, a molten salt jacket, a pyrolysis tank furnace, a molten salt tank, a molten salt tank furnace, a molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism, a molten salt tank electric heating mechanism, a pyrolysis tank burner, a molten salt tank burner, a molten salt pump and a molten salt circulation pipeline; the molten salt jacket is wrapped around the middle and lower part of the outer side of the U-shaped pyrolysis tank, the molten salt and the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism are built in the molten salt jacket, and a molten salt liquid inlet pipe and a molten salt liquid outlet pipe are arranged outside the molten salt jacket; the pyrolysis tank furnace is provided with a Below the molten salt jacket, a pyrolysis tank burner is arranged in the pyrolysis tank furnace; a molten salt adding port and a molten salt reflux port are arranged on the upper part of the molten salt tank, the molten salt reflux port is connected with the molten salt liquid outlet pipe of the molten salt jacket through a molten salt circulation pipeline, and molten salt and a molten salt tank electric heating mechanism are built in the molten salt tank; the molten salt tank furnace is placed at the lower part of the outer side of the molten salt tank, and a molten salt tank burner is arranged in the molten salt tank furnace; the liquid inlet end of the molten salt pump extends into the molten salt tank, and the liquid outlet end is connected with the molten salt liquid inlet pipe of the molten salt jacket through the molten salt circulation pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, the pyrolysis tank burner includes a gas burner, an oil burner and a solid fuel burner.

[0009] Furthermore, the molten salt tank burner includes a gas burner, an oil burner and a solid fuel burner.

[0010] Furthermore, the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism adopts an electric heating tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the molten salt tank electric heating mechanism adopts electric heating tubes.

[0012] Furthermore, a first molten salt temperature measuring mechanism is provided inside the molten salt jacket, which adopts a temperature sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, a second molten salt temperature measuring mechanism is provided inside the molten salt tank, which adopts a temperature sensor.

[0014] Furthermore, a reinforcement mechanism is welded on the periphery of the molten salt jacket.

[0015] Furthermore, the reinforcement mechanism adopts a metal frame formed by welding a plurality of longitudinal bars and transverse bars.

[0016] A pyrolysis method, based on the above-mentioned pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization, comprises the following steps:

[0017] (1) Install the U-shaped pyrolysis tank and the molten salt tank separately at a safe distance;

[0018] (2) Add molten salt from the molten salt inlet of the molten salt tank, turn on the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt tank, and melt the molten salt;

[0019] (3) When the molten salt temperature is higher than the melting temperature of the molten salt by more than 150 degrees, the molten salt pump is turned on to send the molten salt into the molten salt jacket through the molten salt circulation pipeline;

[0020] (4) After the molten salt jacket is filled with molten salt, turn off the molten salt pump;

[0021] (5) Turn on the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt jacket, or ignite the burner of the pyrolysis tank to keep the molten salt at the set working temperature;

[0022] (6) When the non-condensable gas generated by the U-shaped pyrolysis tank is burned in the furnace of the pyrolysis tank, the power of the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism or the pyrolysis tank burner is reduced to keep the molten salt at the set working temperature;

[0023] (7) When the heat of the non-condensable gas roughly makes the molten salt temperature higher than the set temperature, turn on the molten salt pump to pump the low-temperature molten salt in the molten salt tank into the molten salt jacket, and adjust the molten salt temperature in the molten salt jacket to keep it at the set working temperature;

[0024] (8) After the pyrolysis process is completed by the use of electric heating and non-condensable gas, gas, fuel oil or solid heat source, the molten salt is discharged from the molten salt jacket into the molten salt tank through the molten salt circulation pipeline to store heat and energy;

[0025] (9) During the next pyrolysis operation, the molten salt pump is directly turned on to pump the molten salt into the molten salt jacket to start pyrolysis heating; when the heat is insufficient, the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt jacket is turned on to supplement the heat; when the heat provided by the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt jacket is still insufficient, the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt tank is turned on or the combustible residue after pyrolysis is placed in the furnace of the molten salt tank and burned to heat the molten salt in the molten salt tank, and then pumped into the molten salt jacket to provide heat for the pyrolysis process; such a cycle operation can save energy to the maximum extent and achieve precise control of the pyrolysis temperature and uniform heating.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention mainly has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. The present invention can effectively realize the coordinated use of multiple heat sources such as electricity and gaseous, liquid and solid fuels on a set of pyrolysis equipment, and can also realize heat storage and energy storage, store the excess heat in the first pyrolysis process and use it in the second pyrolysis process, fully realize the best use of thermal energy, avoid waste of thermal energy, and realize precise control of pyrolysis temperature and uniform heating, which has good economic and environmental benefits.

[0028] 2. The electric heating tube of the present invention is inserted into the molten salt to heat the molten salt, the molten salt heats the wall of the pyrolysis tank, and the fire heats the molten salt jacket filled with molten salt, so that electricity and fire can be used simultaneously, and it is safe and reliable.

[0029] 3. The lava jacket and cracking wall of the present invention are U-shaped structures, the cavity can be extended upward, and the material storage space is sufficient, and it is easy to install electric heating pipes. Traditional pyrolysis tanks are all O-shaped tanks, which are difficult to install electric heating pipes due to support and length issues.

[0030] 4. The present invention has a reasonable structure, flexible method and good promotion prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the pyrolysis device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pyrolysis device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of the molten salt tank of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic top view of the molten salt tank of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the molten salt jacket of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a top view schematic diagram of the pyrolysis device of the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1-U-shaped pyrolysis tank, 2-molten salt jacket, 3-pyrolysis tank furnace, 4-pyrolysis tank burner, 5-first molten salt temperature measuring mechanism, 6-molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism, 7-molten salt tank, 8-molten salt pump, 9-molten salt addition inlet, 10-molten salt tank electric heating mechanism, 11-molten salt tank furnace, 12-second molten salt temperature measuring mechanism, 13-molten salt reflux port, 14-molten salt liquid inlet pipe, 15-molten salt liquid outlet pipe, 16-metal frame, 17-molten salt circulation pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings. Example 1

[0039] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6A pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization, comprising a U-shaped pyrolysis tank 1, a molten salt jacket 2, a pyrolysis tank furnace 3, a molten salt tank 7, a molten salt tank furnace 11, a molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6, a molten salt tank electric heating mechanism 10, a pyrolysis tank burner 4, a molten salt tank burner, a molten salt pump 8 and a molten salt circulation pipeline 17; the molten salt jacket 2 is wrapped around the middle and lower part of the outer side of the U-shaped pyrolysis tank 1, the molten salt and the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 are built in the molten salt jacket 2, and the molten salt jacket 2 is externally provided with a molten salt liquid inlet pipe 14 and a molten salt liquid outlet pipe 15; the pyrolysis tank furnace 3 is placed on the molten salt tank 7, and the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 is ... electric heating mechanism 6 is built in the molten salt jacket 2, and the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 is built in the molten salt jacket 2, and the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 is built in the molten salt jacket 2, and the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 is built in the molten salt jacket 2, and the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 is built in the molten salt jacket 2, and the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 is built in the molten salt jacket 2, and the Below the salt jacket 2, the pyrolysis tank furnace 3 is equipped with a pyrolysis tank burner 4; a molten salt addition port 9 and a molten salt reflux port 13 are provided on the upper part of the molten salt tank 7, and the molten salt reflux port 13 is connected to the molten salt liquid outlet pipe 15 of the molten salt jacket 2 through a molten salt circulation pipeline 17, and the molten salt tank 7 has molten salt and a molten salt tank electric heating mechanism 10 built in; the molten salt tank furnace 11 is placed at the lower part of the outer side of the molten salt tank 7, and the molten salt tank furnace 11 is equipped with a molten salt tank burner; the liquid inlet end of the molten salt pump 8 extends into the molten salt tank 7, and the liquid outlet end is connected to the molten salt liquid inlet pipe 14 of the molten salt jacket 2 through the molten salt circulation pipeline 17. Example 2

[0040] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization, based on the technical solution recorded in Example 1, the pyrolysis tank burner 4 includes a gas burner, an oil burner and a solid fuel burner; the molten salt tank burner includes a gas burner, an oil burner and a solid fuel burner. In this way, on the basis of the electric heating method, gaseous, liquid and solid fuels can be widely used to realize the coordinated use of multiple heat sources. Example 3

[0041] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization, based on the technical solution recorded in Example 1, the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 adopts electric heating pipes; the molten salt tank electric heating mechanism 10 adopts electric heating pipes. The reason for adopting electric heating pipes is that they have the advantages of simple structure, high mechanical strength, easy installation, high thermal efficiency, safety and reliability, no pollution, low price, long service life, etc. Example 4

[0042] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 . A pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization, based on the technical solution described in Example 1, a first molten salt temperature measuring mechanism 5 is provided inside the molten salt jacket 2, which adopts a temperature sensor; a second molten salt temperature measuring mechanism 12 is provided inside the molten salt tank 7, which adopts a temperature sensor. A temperature sensor refers to a sensor that can sense temperature and convert it into a usable output signal. The use of a temperature sensor facilitates the automatic control of the molten salt temperature. According to the actual situation of the device, it is advisable to use a contact temperature sensor, that is, the temperature sensor maintains thermal contact with the molten salt to be measured, so that the two can fully exchange heat and reach the same temperature. This direct temperature measurement method has higher accuracy. Example 5

[0043] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization, based on the technical solution described in Example 1, a reinforcement mechanism is welded on the periphery of the molten salt jacket 2; the reinforcement mechanism adopts a metal frame welded by a plurality of longitudinal bars and transverse bars to ensure the support firmness and operation safety of the molten salt jacket 2.

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, a pyrolysis method based on the above-mentioned pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization is briefly described as follows:

[0045] The U-shaped pyrolysis tank 1 is installed separately from the molten salt tank 7 at a safe distance; molten salt is added from the molten salt inlet 9 of the molten salt tank 7, and the molten salt tank electric heating mechanism 10 is turned on to melt the molten salt (the melting temperature of molten salt in different systems is different); when the molten salt temperature is higher than the molten salt melting temperature by more than 150 degrees, the molten salt pump 8 is turned on to send the molten salt into the molten salt jacket 2 through the molten salt circulation pipeline 17; after the molten salt jacket 2 is filled with molten salt, the molten salt pump 8 is turned off (the material in the U-shaped pyrolysis tank 1 can be freely added before, during and after the equipment is heated according to the properties of the material, and the stirring device in the U-shaped pyrolysis tank 1 is turned on during the material addition process); the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 is turned on, or the pyrolysis tank burner 4 (fuel such as gas, fuel oil, biomass, etc.) is ignited to keep the molten salt at the set working temperature; when the non-condensable gas generated by the U-shaped pyrolysis tank 1 is burned in the pyrolysis tank furnace 3, the power of the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 or the pyrolysis tank burner 4 is reduced to keep the molten salt at the set working temperature; the non-condensable gas heat When the amount is large and the molten salt temperature is higher than the set temperature, the molten salt pump 8 is turned on to pump the low-temperature molten salt in the molten salt tank 7 into the molten salt jacket 2, and the molten salt temperature in the molten salt jacket 2 is adjusted to maintain it at the set working temperature; after the pyrolysis process is completed under the coordinated use of electric heating and non-condensable gas, gas, fuel oil or solid heat source, the molten salt is discharged from the molten salt jacket 2 into the molten salt tank 7 through the molten salt circulation pipeline 17 to store heat and energy; when the next pyrolysis operation is performed, the molten salt pump 8 is directly turned on to pump the molten salt into the molten salt jacket 2 to start pyrolysis heating; when the heat is insufficient, the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 is turned on to supplement the heat; when the heat provided by the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism 6 is still insufficient, the molten salt tank electric heating mechanism 10 is turned on or the combustible residue after pyrolysis is placed in the molten salt tank furnace 11 for combustion, the molten salt in the molten salt tank 7 is heated, and then pumped into the molten salt jacket 2 to provide heat for the pyrolysis process; such a cycle operation can save energy consumption to the maximum extent and realize accurate control of the pyrolysis temperature and uniform heating.

[0046] As for how to determine the amount of molten salt so that the stored molten salt can meet the needs of the next cracking, it should be calculated based on the volume of the pyrolysis tank and the moisture content of the target material or the required heat.

[0047] For a 20 cubic meter pyrolysis tank, taking the processing of mushroom sticks as an example, the calculation instructions for the matching molten salt tank are as follows:

[0048] 1. Calculation of the volume of the molten salt jacket: vertical section height 1.6*width 0.12*length 5*2 = 1.92 cubic meters,

[0049] Arc segment 3.14*diameter 1.1*width 0.12*length 5=2.07 square,

[0050] The total volume is 1.92+2.07=3.99 cubic meters.

[0051] 2. Calculation of molten salt heat storage capacity

[0052] The thermal specific heat capacity of two-phase molten salt (potassium chloride and sodium chloride system) is 1.53 J / gK, density 2.3, melting heat 161 J / g, melting point 160 degrees; the heat capacity of three-phase molten salt is 1.34.

[0053] The volume of the cracking tank is 28 cubic meters. Calculated based on the effective volume of 20 cubic meters, the specific gravity of the mushroom stick material is 0.375, 7.5 tons are processed each time, and calculated based on the moisture content of 0.65, the heat required to evaporate water is 7.5*0.65*720KW=3510KW.=3.6*10^3*3510=12636000KJ.

[0054] The temperature of each kilogram of molten salt drops by 100 degrees and releases heat: 1.5*1000g*100c=150KJ.

[0055] Total heat divided by heat per kilogram = 12636000 / 150 = 84240KG = 84.24 tons of molten salt,

[0056] Weight divided by density = 84.24 / 2.3 = 36.6 cubic meters.

[0057] The volume of the molten salt jacket is 3.99 cubic meters. Considering the factors such as the retention of molten salt at the bottom of the molten salt tank and the adjustment of the molten salt temperature, it is more appropriate to design the molten salt tank with a total of 9 cubic meters. It is more appropriate to configure the molten salt pump with a flow rate of about 5 cubic meters per hour.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization, characterized in that: It includes a U-shaped pyrolysis tank, a molten salt jacket, a pyrolysis tank furnace, a molten salt tank, a molten salt tank furnace, a molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism, a molten salt tank electric heating mechanism, a pyrolysis tank burner, a molten salt tank burner, a molten salt pump and a molten salt circulation pipeline; the molten salt jacket is wrapped around the middle and lower part of the outer side of the U-shaped pyrolysis tank, the molten salt and the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism are built in the molten salt jacket, and the molten salt jacket is externally provided with a molten salt liquid inlet pipe and a molten salt liquid outlet pipe; the pyrolysis tank furnace is placed below the molten salt jacket, and the pyrolysis tank The furnace is equipped with a pyrolysis tank burner; the upper part of the molten salt tank is provided with a molten salt addition port and a molten salt reflux port, the molten salt reflux port is connected to the molten salt liquid outlet pipe of the molten salt jacket through a molten salt circulation pipeline, and the molten salt and the molten salt tank electric heating mechanism are built in the molten salt tank; the molten salt tank furnace is placed at the lower part of the outer side of the molten salt tank, and the molten salt tank furnace is equipped with a molten salt tank burner; the liquid inlet end of the molten salt pump extends into the molten salt tank, and the liquid outlet end is connected to the molten salt liquid inlet pipe of the molten salt jacket through the molten salt circulation pipeline; The pyrolysis tank burner includes a gas burner, an oil burner and a solid fuel burner; The molten salt tank burner includes a gas burner, an oil burner and a solid fuel burner; The molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism adopts an electric heating tube; The electric heating mechanism of the molten salt tank adopts an electric heating tube; A first molten salt temperature measuring mechanism is provided inside the molten salt jacket, which adopts a temperature sensor; A second molten salt temperature measuring mechanism is provided inside the molten salt tank, which uses a temperature sensor; A reinforcement mechanism is welded on the periphery of the molten salt jacket; The reinforcement mechanism adopts a metal frame formed by welding a plurality of longitudinal bars and transverse bars.

2. A pyrolysis method, based on the pyrolysis device for realizing multi-heat source coordination and energy storage utilization as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Install the U-shaped pyrolysis tank and the molten salt tank separately at a safe distance; (2) Add molten salt from the molten salt inlet of the molten salt tank, turn on the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt tank, and melt the molten salt; (3) When the molten salt temperature is higher than the melting temperature of the molten salt by more than 150 degrees, the molten salt pump is turned on to send the molten salt into the molten salt jacket through the molten salt circulation pipeline; (4) After the molten salt jacket is filled with molten salt, turn off the molten salt pump; (5) Turn on the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt jacket, or ignite the burner of the pyrolysis tank to keep the molten salt at the set working temperature; (6) When the non-condensable gas generated by the U-shaped pyrolysis tank is burned in the furnace of the pyrolysis tank, the power of the molten salt jacket electric heating mechanism or the pyrolysis tank burner is reduced to keep the molten salt at the set working temperature; (7) When the heat of the non-condensable gas is large and the molten salt temperature is higher than the set temperature, turn on the molten salt pump to pump the low-temperature molten salt in the molten salt tank into the molten salt jacket, and adjust the molten salt temperature in the molten salt jacket to keep it at the set working temperature; (8) After the pyrolysis process is completed by the use of electric heating and non-condensable gas, gas, fuel oil or solid heat source, the molten salt is discharged from the molten salt jacket into the molten salt tank through the molten salt circulation pipeline to store heat and energy; (9) When the next pyrolysis operation is performed, the molten salt pump is directly turned on to pump the molten salt into the molten salt jacket to start pyrolysis heating; when the heat is insufficient, the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt jacket is turned on to supplement the heat; when the heat provided by the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt jacket is still insufficient, the electric heating mechanism of the molten salt tank is turned on or the combustible residue after pyrolysis is placed in the furnace of the molten salt tank for combustion to heat the molten salt in the molten salt tank, and then pumped into the molten salt jacket to provide heat for the pyrolysis process.

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