A fast cable structure measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy and its application

Abstract

The present application provides a cable structure rapid measurement system and application based on broadband impedance spectroscopy, which relates to the field of cable detection technology. The broadband high-voltage detection signal source and the detection and analysis module of the measurement system are connected to one end of the test cable, and the adjustable matching impedance module is connected to the other end of the test cable; the adjustable matching impedance module can adjust the matching impedance parameters of the test cable respectively during each measurement process; the detection and analysis module can obtain the structural parameters of the test cable according to the broadband reflection signal analysis. It can quickly measure the structural parameters of the test cable without a calibration sample to improve the accuracy of the measurement, and at the same time can improve the scope of application of the measurement. Moreover, in addition to measuring the length and impedance parameters of the test cable, the above system can also analyze the uniformity of the cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cable detection, and in particular to a cable structure rapid measurement system and application based on broadband impedance spectroscopy. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional overhead lines, power cable lines have the advantages of small space occupation, good operation stability, and high power supply reliability. Therefore, they have gradually become the core transmission system of electric energy in the current urban power supply system. In the current manufacturing and acceptance process, the measurement of cable length requires the entire cable to be removed and measured and then rewound. The detection process is complicated and time-consuming, so it is usually used as a sampling method. For the cable system after laying, due to the margin requirements of serpentine laying, it is difficult to estimate the difference between the actual laying length and the total length of the cable. Therefore, improper construction can easily cause problems such as insufficient length margin, material waste, and construction delays. It can be seen that in the production, arrival acceptance, and installation quality control of power cables, timely and rapid acquisition of the actual and accurate length of the cable can effectively improve the quality control efficiency of cables and cable systems.

[0003] At present, the length measurement method of power cables includes direct measurement method, which uses measuring tools such as soft tape or electronic meter to directly measure the cable section by section after unloading or laying. The measurement workload is large, time-consuming and the measurement accuracy is not high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy, which can overcome the defects of the above-mentioned existing measurement methods.

[0005] The implementation method of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy, which mainly includes a broadband high-voltage detection signal source, a detection and analysis module, and an adjustable matching impedance module;

[0007] The broadband high-voltage detection signal source is connected to one end of the tested cable, the detection and analysis module is connected to one end of the tested cable connected to the broadband high-voltage detection signal source, and the adjustable matching impedance module is connected to one end of the tested cable other than the broadband high-voltage detection signal source;

[0008] The broadband high-voltage detection signal source can input a broadband high-voltage signal to the tested cable;

[0009] The adjustable matching impedance module can adjust the matching impedance parameters of the tested cable in each measurement process;

[0010] The detection and analysis module can collect the broadband reflection signal of the input broadband high-voltage signal in the test cable structure, and the detection and analysis module can obtain the structural parameters of the test cable based on the matching impedance parameters of the test cable in each measurement and the broadband reflection signal analysis.

[0011] On the other hand, the present application provides an application of the above-mentioned cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy, mainly comprising:

[0012] The tested cable has a first end and a second end; the first end is connected to the broadband high-voltage detection signal source and the detection and analysis module respectively; the second end is connected to the adjustable matching impedance module;

[0013] Adjusting the matching impedance parameter of the adjustable matching impedance module to a preset value;

[0014] The broadband high-voltage detection signal source inputs the broadband high-voltage signal it generates to the first end of the tested cable;

[0015] The detection and analysis module collects a broadband reflection signal from the first end of the tested cable, and obtains structural parameters of the tested cable based on analysis of the collected broadband reflection signal.

[0016] The embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the rapid measurement system can quickly measure the structural parameters of the tested cable without a calibration sample by setting an adjustable matching impedance module, so as to improve the accuracy of the measurement and the applicable scope of the measurement. Moreover, the above system can perform a broadband impedance spectrum characteristic analysis on the broadband reflection signal by setting a detection and analysis module to obtain the length and impedance parameters of the tested cable, and at the same time, can analyze the uniformity of the cable to identify whether the cable has broken strands, local defects and / or poor core quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the measurement method of the cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy provided in the present application when there is no calibration sample;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the setting of the parameter setting port of the adjustable matching impedance module provided in the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of a calibration method of a cable structure rapid measurement system based on a broadband impedance spectroscopy method provided by the present application when there is a calibration sample;

[0022] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the measurement method of the cable structure rapid measurement system based on the broadband impedance spectroscopy provided by the present application when there is a calibration sample;

[0023] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the inspection method of the cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy provided by the present application when there is a calibration sample.

[0024] Icons: 1- wideband high-voltage detection signal source, 2- detection and analysis module, 3- adjustable matching impedance module, 31- parameter setting interface, 32- impedance wiring position, 33- ground terminal, 34- power interface, 4- test cable, 5- calibration sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, if the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. appear, they are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , one embodiment of the present application proposes a cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy, which mainly includes a broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1, a detection and analysis module 2 and an adjustable matching impedance module 3;

[0032] The broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 and the detection and analysis module 2 are connected to one end of the tested cable 4, and the adjustable matching impedance module 3 is connected to the other end of the tested cable 4;

[0033] The broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 can input a broadband high-voltage signal to the tested cable 4;

[0034] The adjustable matching impedance module 3 can adjust the matching impedance parameters of the tested cable 4 during each measurement process;

[0035] The detection and analysis module 2 can collect the broadband reflection signal of the input broadband high-voltage signal in the structure of the test cable 4, and the detection and analysis module 2 can obtain the structural parameters of the test cable 4 based on the matching impedance parameters of the test cable 4 in each measurement and the broadband reflection signal analysis.

[0036] In this embodiment, the structural parameters of the tested cable 4 at least include the length, uniformity and impedance parameters of the tested cable 4 .

[0037] In this embodiment, the broadband high voltage detection signal source 1, the detection and analysis module 2 and the adjustable matching impedance module 3 can be integrated into one device. Of course, they can also be configured as three devices to enhance the flexibility of the system in various working conditions.

[0038] In this embodiment, the detection and analysis module 2 can be equipped with a Fourier transform method, a broadband impedance spectrum analysis method, or a quantitative evaluation method for cable defects based on an extended Prony parameter model, so as to measure the change of the broadband high-voltage signal, and then calculate and analyze the length, uniformity, and whether there are defects in the tested cable.

[0039] In this embodiment, the system measures the change of the broadband high-voltage signal by setting the adjustable matching impedance module 3, thereby inferring the structural parameters of the tested cable 4. Preferably, the broadband impedance spectrum method can be used for inferring calculation.

[0040] Preferably, the uniformity of the test cable 4 can be analyzed by calculating the amplitude at each location of the test cable 4 based on the collected broadband reflection signal.

[0041] Specifically, the system can quickly measure the structural parameters of the tested cable 4 without the calibration sample 5 by setting the adjustable matching impedance module 3, so as to improve the accuracy of the measurement and the applicable scope of the measurement. Moreover, the system can perform a broadband impedance spectrum characteristic analysis on the broadband reflection signal to obtain the length and impedance parameters of the tested cable 4 by setting the detection and analysis module 2, and can analyze the uniformity of the cable to identify whether the cable has broken strands, local defects and / or poor core quality.

[0042] In this embodiment, the adjustable matching impedance module 3 includes at least continuously adjustable resistance, inductance and capacitance elements. Specifically, by setting the above elements, the impedance parameters of the adjustable matching impedance module 3 can be adjusted to preset values ​​in each measurement, so as to measure the change of the broadband reflection signal collected each time, and then analyze and calculate the structural parameters of the tested cable 4.

[0043] In this embodiment, the adjustable matching impedance module 3 has a parameter setting port, and the parameter setting port can adjust the resistance value, inductance value, and capacitance value. The adjustable matching impedance module 3 can obtain the corresponding matching impedance parameters according to the input resistance value, inductance value, capacitance value and the series-parallel connection mode of the continuously adjustable resistance, the inductance, and the capacitance elements.

[0044] For details, please refer to Figure 2 The above-mentioned adjustable matching impedance module 3 has a parameter setting interface 31, a ground terminal 33, a power interface 34 and an impedance wiring gear 32. By inputting specific resistance values, inductance values ​​and capacitance values ​​into the above-mentioned parameter setting interface 31, the series-parallel connection mode of the continuously adjustable resistance, the inductance and the capacitance elements can also be input. The parameter setting port can adjust the resistance value, inductance value and capacitance value of the adjustable matching impedance module 3 according to the above-mentioned input value and the input series-parallel connection mode, so that the impedance parameters of the broadband reflection signal collected by the detection and analysis module 2 during each measurement are different, thereby facilitating the rapid measurement of the structural parameters of the test cable 4 without the calibration sample 5.

[0045] In this embodiment, the detection and analysis module 2 has a coarse inspection mode and a fine inspection mode. In the coarse inspection mode, the detection and analysis module 2 can preliminarily determine the structural parameters of the test cable 4. In the fine inspection mode, the detection and analysis module 2 can re-determine the structural parameters of the test cable 4 based on the preliminarily determined structural parameters of the test cable 4.

[0046] Preferably, taking the length of the tested cable 4 as an example, the length initially obtained in the rough inspection mode is of the order of ten meters or one hundred meters, and its measurement error can be controlled at about 10%; and based on the rough inspection result (that is, using the result as the input of the fine inspection mode), the error of the structural parameters measured in the fine inspection mode can be controlled at about 0.5%. For example, after taking the rough inspection result as input, the detection and analysis module 2 iterates the fine inspection result through the algorithm, because the input of the rough inspection result can effectively narrow the range that needs to be determined, and therefore, the accuracy of the above-mentioned fine inspection result can be further improved.

[0047] It can be seen that by setting two modes with different measurement magnitudes, the difficulty of measurement can be reduced and the measurement accuracy of structural parameters can be further improved.

[0048] In this embodiment, the detection and analysis module 2 has a verification mode, and in the verification mode, the detection and analysis module 2 can verify the structural parameters of the tested cable 4 according to the broadband reflection signal and the matching impedance parameters adjusted by the adjustable matching impedance module 3 .

[0049] The detection and analysis module 2 uses the structural parameter measurement results of the measurement mode (including the fine detection mode and the rough detection mode) as a basis to calculate the error between the structural parameter measurement results and the results in the verification mode, thereby determining whether the measurement results are accurate. It can be seen that the accuracy of the measurement results can be further determined by setting the verification mode.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 2 On the basis of the previous embodiment, another embodiment of the present application proposes an application of a cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy, mainly comprising: the test cable 4 has a first end and a second end; the first end is respectively connected to the broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 and the detection and analysis module 2; the second end is connected to the adjustable matching impedance module 3;

[0051] Adjusting the matching impedance parameter of the adjustable matching impedance module 3 to a preset value;

[0052] The broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 inputs the broadband high-voltage signal it generates to the first end of the tested cable 4;

[0053] The detection and analysis module 2 collects a broadband reflection signal from the first end of the tested cable 4 , and obtains structural parameters of the tested cable 4 based on analysis of the collected broadband reflection signal.

[0054] In this embodiment, when there is no calibration sample 5, the structural parameters of the tested cable 4 can be obtained by measuring and obtaining the matching impedance parameters of the adjustable matching impedance module 3 for multiple times.

[0055] In this embodiment, the detection and analysis module 2 has a rough detection mode, and the matching impedance parameter of the adjustable matching impedance module 3 is set to the first gear, the second gear and the third gear according to the impedance parameter range;

[0056] The detection and analysis module 2 adjusts the adjustable matching impedance module 3 to the first gear, the second gear and the third gear in sequence in the rough detection mode, and the detection and analysis module 2 collects the broadband reflection signal of the first end of the tested cable 4 in the first gear, the second gear and the third gear respectively;

[0057] The detection and analysis module 2 preliminarily determines the structural parameters of the tested cable 4 according to the broadband reflection signal of the first end of the tested cable 4 in the first gear, the second gear and the third gear.

[0058] Specifically, the impedance parameter ranges set in the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear can be determined according to the measurement accuracy in the rough inspection mode.

[0059] In this embodiment, the detection and analysis module 2 has a precision detection mode;

[0060] The detection and analysis module 2 analyzes the structural parameters of the tested cable 4 in the rough detection mode and gives a prompt, wherein the prompt at least includes a successful measurement and a suggestion for re-measurement;

[0061] According to the prompt given by the detection and analysis module 2 in the fine inspection mode, adjusting the matching impedance parameters of the adjustable matching impedance module 3;

[0062] The detection and analysis module 2 collects the broadband reflection signal of the first end of the test cable 4 again in the fine inspection mode, and obtains the structural parameters of the test cable 4 according to the analysis of the broadband reflection signal collected again, based on the structural parameters obtained in the coarse inspection mode. The accuracy of the structural parameters of the test cable 4 obtained in the fine inspection mode is higher than the accuracy of the structural parameters of the test cable 4 obtained in the coarse inspection mode.

[0063] The length initially obtained in the rough inspection mode is on the order of ten meters or one hundred meters, and the measurement error can be controlled at about 10%; and based on the rough inspection results, the error of the structural parameters measured in the fine inspection mode can be controlled at about 0.5%.

[0064] In this embodiment, in the coarse inspection mode, the calculation algorithm of the structural parameters of the tested cable is determined by using the calculation time as an indicator, and in the fine inspection mode, the calculation algorithm of the structural parameters of the tested cable is determined by using the calculation accuracy as an indicator.

[0065] In this embodiment, the detection and analysis module 2 has a measurement mode and a verification mode;

[0066] The detection and analysis module 2 obtains the structural parameters of the tested cable 4 by adjusting the matching impedance parameters of the adjustable matching impedance module 3 in the measurement mode;

[0067] In the verification mode of the detection and analysis module 2, adjusting the matching impedance parameters of the adjustable matching impedance module 3;

[0068] The detection and analysis module 2 collects the broadband reflection signal of the first end of the tested cable 4 in the verification mode, and obtains the structural parameters of the tested cable 4 according to the collected broadband reflection signal analysis;

[0069] The detection and analysis module 2 obtains the verification result according to the structural parameters obtained in the measurement mode and the structural parameters obtained in the verification mode.

[0070] In this embodiment, the rough inspection mode and the fine inspection mode are both measurement modes.

[0071] In this embodiment, after the above-mentioned calibration mode measurement, the detection and analysis module 2 may give a prompt of "calibration successful" or "re-calibration recommended" to facilitate re-measurement of the structural parameters of the tested cable 4.

[0072] In this embodiment, if the measurement personnel believe that the measured structural parameters are different from the nominal parameters (if the error is greater than 1%, it is recommended to recalibrate the measurement) or there is a requirement for the number of measurements, the structural parameters of the test cable 4 can be measured again according to the measurement steps of coarse inspection mode-fine inspection mode-calibration mode.

[0073] Likewise, when an abnormal impedance parameter is found that may indicate a defect in the cable, the measurement can be repeated to ensure the reliability of the retest result.

[0074] Reference Figures 3 to 5 Another embodiment of the present application proposes an application of a cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy. The measurement method when there is a calibration sample 5 is as follows:

[0075] One end of a calibration sample 5 of a specific length is connected to the broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 and the detection and analysis module 2 respectively, and the other end of the calibration sample 5 is open;

[0076] The broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 inputs the broadband high-voltage signal it generates into one end of the calibration sample 5; the detection and analysis module 2 collects the first broadband reflection signal output by the calibration sample 5, and obtains the impedance parameter per unit length of the calibration sample 5 by analyzing the first broadband reflection signal;

[0077] One end of the tested cable 4 is connected to the broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 and the detection and analysis module 2 respectively, the other end of the tested cable 4 is open, and the tested cable 4 and the calibration sample 5 are the same cable;

[0078] The broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 inputs a broadband high-voltage signal to one end of the test cable 4; the detection and analysis module 2 collects a second broadband reflection signal output by the test cable 4, and obtains the structural parameters of the test cable 4 through a broadband impedance spectrum analysis method or a cable defect quantitative evaluation method based on the second broadband reflection signal and the impedance parameters per unit length of the calibration sample 5. The cable defect quantitative evaluation method is to determine the amplitude of each position of the test cable 4 based on the first broadband reflection signal and the second broadband reflection signal to obtain the structural parameters of the test cable 4.

[0079] In detail, when the detection and analysis module 2 is in the calibration mode, one end of the calibration sample 5 can be connected to the wide-band high-voltage detection signal source 1 and the detection and analysis module 2 respectively, and the other end of the calibration sample 5 can be connected to the adjustable matching impedance module 3. At this time, the wide-band high-voltage detection signal source 1 inputs a wide-band high-voltage signal to the calibration sample 5, and the detection and analysis module 2 collects and analyzes the wide-band reflection signal of the above-mentioned calibration sample 5 to obtain the impedance parameters per unit length of the calibration sample 5.

[0080] During measurement, one end of the test cable 4 can be connected to the broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 and the detection and analysis module 2 respectively, and the other end of the test cable 4 is in an open circuit state, and the broadband reflection signal of the test cable 4 is tested, and the length of the test cable 4 is calculated according to the measured impedance parameters per unit length.

[0081] During the calibration, one end of the tested cable 4 can be connected to the broadband high-voltage detection signal source 1 and the detection and analysis module 2 respectively, and the other end of the tested cable 4 can be connected to one end of the calibration sample 5, and the end of the calibration sample 5 away from the tested cable 4 is in an open circuit state. The structural parameters under the above connection mode are measured to verify whether the test results of the structural parameters of the tested cable 4 are accurate.

[0082] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned cable defect quantitative assessment method is a cable defect quantitative assessment method based on an extended Prony parameter model. This method first uses a broadband impedance spectroscopy method to obtain the reflection coefficient spectrum of the cable, and then uses an extended Prony parameter model to estimate the amplitude at the defect. When there is a local defect in the cable, the distribution parameters at the local defect will change, forming an impedance discontinuity segment. The propagation characteristics of the signal in this impedance discontinuity segment will also change. According to the traveling wave principle, when the signal propagates to the interface between the cable body and this impedance discontinuity segment, reflection will occur, and a cable model containing defects will be established. The extended Prony parameter model can be used to obtain an amplitude estimate for each defect, and then a parameterized reference indicator for the severity of the defect can be formed based on the estimated amplitude.

[0083] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy, used to measure the tested cable, characterized in that: It includes a broadband high-voltage detection signal source, a detection and analysis module, and an adjustable matching impedance module; The broadband high-voltage detection signal source and the detection and analysis module are connected to one end of the tested cable, and the adjustable matching impedance module is connected to the other end of the tested cable; The broadband high-voltage detection signal source can input a broadband high-voltage signal to the tested cable; The adjustable matching impedance module can adjust the matching impedance parameters of the tested cable in each measurement process; The detection and analysis module can collect the broadband reflection signal output by the tested cable, and the detection and analysis module can obtain the structural parameters of the tested cable according to the matching impedance parameters of the tested cable in each measurement and the broadband reflection signal analysis; The structural parameters of the tested cable at least include the length, uniformity and impedance parameters of the tested cable.

2. The cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustable matching impedance module at least includes a continuously adjustable resistor, an inductor, a capacitor element and a parameter setting port, and the parameter setting port can set the resistance value, the inductor value, the capacitor value and the series-parallel connection mode of the continuously adjustable resistor, the inductor and the capacitor element to adjust the matching impedance parameters of the adjustable matching impedance module.

3. The cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The detection and analysis module has a coarse inspection mode and a fine inspection mode. In the coarse inspection mode, the detection and analysis module can preliminarily determine the structural parameters of the tested cable. In the fine inspection mode, the detection and analysis module can re-measure the structural parameters of the tested cable using the rough measurement results of the structural parameters in the coarse inspection mode as input. In the coarse inspection mode, the calculation algorithm of the structural parameters of the tested cable is determined using the calculation time as an indicator, and in the fine inspection mode, the calculation algorithm of the structural parameters of the tested cable is determined using the calculation accuracy as an indicator.

4. The cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The detection and analysis module has a verification mode, in which the detection and analysis module can obtain a verification result according to the rough inspection result of the structural parameters in the rough inspection mode or the fine inspection result of the structural parameters in the fine inspection mode and a verification parameter, wherein the verification parameter is the structural parameter of the tested cable measured when the matching impedance parameter adjusted by the adjustable matching impedance module is consistent with the rough inspection mode or the fine inspection mode, and the verification result is the error between the structural parameter of the tested cable in the verification mode and the rough inspection result of the structural parameter or the fine inspection result of the structural parameter.

5. An application of the cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The tested cable has a first end and a second end; the first end is connected to the broadband high-voltage detection signal source and the detection and analysis module respectively; the second end is connected to the adjustable matching impedance module; Adjusting the matching impedance parameter of the adjustable matching impedance module to a preset value; The broadband high-voltage detection signal source inputs the broadband high-voltage signal generated by it into the first end of the tested cable; The detection and analysis module collects a broadband reflection signal from the first end of the tested cable, and obtains structural parameters of the tested cable by analyzing matching impedance parameters of the tested cable in each measurement and the broadband reflection signal.

6. The application of the cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The detection and analysis module has a rough detection mode, and the matching impedance parameter of the adjustable matching impedance module is set to the first gear, the second gear and the third gear according to the impedance parameter range; The detection and analysis module sequentially adjusts the adjustable matching impedance module to the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear in the rough detection mode, and the detection and analysis module respectively collects the broadband reflection signal of the first end of the tested cable in the first gear, the second gear, and the third gear; The detection and analysis module preliminarily determines the structural parameters of the tested cable according to the broadband reflection signal of the first end of the tested cable in the first gear, the second gear and the third gear.

7. The application of the cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The detection and analysis module has a precision detection mode; The detection and analysis module gives a prompt after analyzing the structural parameters of the tested cable in the rough detection mode, wherein the prompt at least includes a successful measurement and a suggestion for re-measurement; adjusting the matching impedance parameters of the adjustable matching impedance module according to the prompt given by the detection and analysis module in the fine inspection mode; The detection and analysis module collects the broadband reflection signal of the first end of the test cable again in the fine inspection mode, and obtains the structural parameters of the test cable according to the analysis of the broadband reflection signal collected again, based on the structural parameters obtained in the coarse inspection mode. The accuracy of the structural parameters of the test cable obtained in the fine inspection mode is higher than the accuracy of the structural parameters of the test cable obtained in the coarse inspection mode.

8. The application of the cable structure rapid measurement system based on broadband impedance spectroscopy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection and analysis module has a measurement mode and a verification mode; The detection and analysis module obtains the structural parameters of the tested cable by adjusting the matching impedance parameters of the adjustable matching impedance module in the measurement mode; In the verification mode of the detection and analysis module, adjusting the matching impedance parameters of the adjustable matching impedance module; The detection and analysis module collects a broadband reflection signal from the first end of the tested cable in the verification mode, and obtains structural parameters of the tested cable according to the collected broadband reflection signal analysis; The detection and analysis module obtains the verification result according to the structural parameters obtained in the measurement mode and the structural parameters obtained in the verification mode.

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