A method and system for evaluating the safety of over-temperature service of petrochemical equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for safety evaluation of over-temperature service of petrochemical equipment. The present invention relates to the field of safety engineering technology, and specifically to a method and system for safety evaluation of over-temperature service of petrochemical equipment. The present invention comprises the following steps: by obtaining fire data and collecting the real-time air temperature around the equipment, the position status of the equipment is judged. If the equipment is in a heat exposure zone exempt from evaluation, it is judged to be in a safe state; if it is in a heat exposure zone, a metallographic inspection is performed. After the metallographic inspection, if the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is normal, a hardness test is performed; otherwise, the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after over-temperature is calculated and a strength check is performed. According to the hardness test result, if it meets the equipment hardness requirements, it is judged to be in a safe state; if it does not meet the requirements, the maximum allowable stress under the current equipment hardness after over-temperature is calculated and a strength check is performed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of safety engineering, and in particular to a method and system for evaluating the over-temperature service safety of petrochemical equipment. Background Art

[0002] The petrochemical industry has always been one of the main pillars of global industrial production, covering multiple fields such as oil refining, petrochemical product refining, and chemical product production. The stable operation and development of the petrochemical industry can promote the continuous improvement of social economy. In the operation of the production system of petrochemical enterprises, equipment is often in a high temperature and high pressure environment, which leads to premature aging of equipment accessories, increases the risk of failure, and hinders the orderly operation of enterprise production. In order to ensure the orderliness of the petrochemical industry, scientific maintenance measures should be established and implemented to ensure that the equipment is always in the best condition. However, in specific maintenance activities, there will be many important problems, which will lead to the maintenance effect not meeting expectations and weaken the speed of production.

[0003] If a fire occurs near pressure-bearing equipment, it will cause large thermal load deviation, insufficient air volume, and incomplete combustion in the equipment, which will cause overheating of pressure-bearing parts. If overheating occurs during the use of pressure vessels and pressure pipelines, or after being subjected to flame impact and heat radiation, it is necessary to conduct a safety assessment of the pressure-bearing parts to determine whether they can continue to serve.

[0004] At present, the damage evaluation of overheating of pressure-bearing equipment can only rely on the evaluation personnel to analyze the overheating data and inspection results of the pressure-bearing equipment on site. In the evaluation process, it takes a lot of time for the staff to find the corresponding data of the pressure-bearing components, determine the allowable stress, perform strength verification, and calculate the opening reinforcement. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an evaluation system that can conduct a series of subsequent complete evaluations on the pressure-bearing components with partial overheating data after a fire occurs.

[0005] In the prior art, the publication number CN117309258A discloses a safety detection device for petrochemical equipment, which is composed of an equipment housing, an air inlet pipe, a gas detection device, a fixed seat and a shaft seat. The equipment housing is a disc-shaped structure, and the shaft seat is fixedly arranged at the top middle end of the equipment housing, the fixed seat penetrates and is movably connected to the middle end of the shaft seat, the air inlet pipe is fixedly distributed above the fixed seat, the top of the air inlet pipe is welded with an air intake pipe port, the number of air inlet pipes is several, the bottom of the air inlet pipe penetrates the fixed seat and is connected to a connecting pipe, the bottom of the connecting pipe is connected to a gas detection device, and the gas detection device is located at the inner upper end of the equipment housing By setting up several air inlet pipes and air suction pipe openings above the equipment casing, it is convenient to inhale gas over a wide range and at multiple angles, and by penetrating the fixing seat at the bottom of the air inlet pipe to connect the connecting pipe and the gas detection device, it is detected whether there is gas leakage in the petrochemical equipment. This method judges the safety status of the petrochemical equipment by whether there is a gas leakage. Since most of the gases generated in the petrochemical process are flammable and explosive gases, this method has certain safety hazards. At the same time, this solution can only determine that the equipment needs to be repaired or replaced when there is a gas leakage, and cannot perform safety assessment on over-temperature petrochemical equipment without gas leakage, resulting in low timeliness.

[0006] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for evaluating the over-temperature service safety of petrochemical equipment to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for evaluating the safety of over-temperature service of petrochemical equipment, comprising the following specific steps:

[0010] Obtaining fire data and collecting real-time air temperature around the equipment, wherein the fire data includes information on the location of the fire and real-time distance information between the location of the fire and the equipment;

[0011] Analyze and generate the heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient based on the real-time air temperature data around the equipment and the distance between the fire location and the equipment;

[0012] According to the generated heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient, the position state of the equipment is judged, wherein the position state includes the heat exposure zone without evaluation and the heat exposure zone;

[0013] According to the equipment location status, when the equipment is in the heat exposure zone exempt from evaluation, it is judged to be in a safe state and the safety evaluation is terminated; when the equipment is in the heat exposure zone, the equipment is subjected to metallographic inspection;

[0014] According to metallographic inspection, check whether there are abnormalities in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, such abnormalities including cracks, pores and inclusions;

[0015] If there is an abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after overheating;

[0016] If there is no abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, perform a hardness test on the equipment to detect the hardness value of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after overheating, and compare the obtained hardness value with the factory hardness value of the equipment to obtain the hardness test result;

[0017] According to the hardness test results, if the hardness test results meet the equipment hardness requirements, it is judged to be in a safe state. If the hardness test results do not meet the equipment hardness requirements, the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after over-temperature are obtained, the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this temperature is calculated, and the strength is checked after over-temperature. According to different strength check results, it is determined whether the equipment needs to be replaced, repaired or retired.

[0018] Furthermore, fire data is obtained and the real-time air temperature around the equipment is collected. The fire data includes the location information of the fire and the distance information between the location of the fire and the equipment. The real-time air temperature is collected at the edge of a circle with a radius of 2 meters and the center of the equipment. The temperature data and the real-time distance information between the location of the fire and the equipment are de-dimensionalized, and the air temperature is calibrated as , the real-time distance between the fire location and the equipment is .

[0019] Furthermore, the logic for analyzing and generating the thermal exposure zone evaluation coefficient is as follows:

[0020] The evaluation coefficient of the calibrated heat exposure area is , the formula for calculating the thermal exposure area evaluation coefficient is:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, is the preset scaling factor, are positive numbers and .

[0023] Furthermore, according to the generated heat exposure area evaluation coefficient, the equipment position state is judged, wherein the logic of judging the equipment position state is:

[0024] The pre-set thermal exposure zone evaluation threshold is calibrated as , and the obtained thermal exposure area evaluation coefficient In comparison,

[0025] like , it is judged that the equipment is in the evaluation-free heat exposure zone and is in a safe state;

[0026] like , determine that the equipment is in the heat exposure area, and perform metallographic inspection on the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment.

[0027] Furthermore, the method for metallographic inspection of the equipment is: adopting a macroscopic non-destructive inspection method, using ultrasonic metallographic inspection to detect whether there is an abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, and at the same time, by observing the reflection, scattering or diffraction of ultrasonic waves at the abnormal location, the position, shape and size information of the abnormality are determined, and the abnormal parameters of the metallographic structure of the equipment are calibrated as , when abnormalities are detected in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, The value is 1. After the test is completed, no abnormality is found in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment. The value is 0.

[0028] Furthermore, when the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is abnormal, When it is 1, the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating are obtained, and the tensile strength of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating is calibrated as , the compressive strength is , the shear strength is , the unit is , the safety factor is ;

[0029] The logic for calculating the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after overheating is:

[0030] The maximum allowable stress of the calibration equipment is , maximum allowable stress of the equipment The formula is:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, Indicates a positive number;

[0033] The logic behind the post-overtemperature strength check is:

[0034] The preset over-temperature intensity threshold is , the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is obtained With the pre-set over-temperature intensity threshold In comparison, instructions for equipment health, maintenance, and decommissioning are issued based on different comparison results:

[0035] when When the equipment is decommissioned, an instruction to decommission the equipment is issued;

[0036] when When the equipment is repaired, an instruction for equipment maintenance is issued;

[0037] when When the device is in good health state, a device health instruction is issued.

[0038] Furthermore, when the equipment metallographic structure is abnormal, When the hardness is 0, the equipment is tested for hardness, and the hardness value of the equipment after overheating is determined through simulation test. The specific method is as follows: conduct simulation test, keep the air temperature in a circular range with a radius of 2 meters in the test site consistent with the air temperature in a circular range with a radius of 2 meters recorded when the equipment is overheated; select a test point on the material to be tested of the same material as the equipment, place the indenter of the hardness tester on the test point, and apply a certain load. After the load is applied, observe the indentation generated on the surface of the test point, record the indenter diameter of the hardness tester and the indentation diameter generated, and calculate the hardness value based on the recorded test data; the formula for calculating the hardness value is:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, is the hardness value in Newton. is the load applied to the indenter of the hardness tester in Newtons. Indenter diameter, in mm, is the indentation diameter in mm.

[0041] Furthermore, the obtained hardness value of the pressure-bearing component is compared with the factory hardness value of the pressure-bearing component of the equipment to obtain the hardness test result;

[0042] The factory hardness value of the calibration equipment is , the logic for obtaining the hardness test results is:

[0043] when When the hardness of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is abnormal, it is judged that the allowable stress needs to be further calculated;

[0044] when When the device is in a safe state,

[0045] when When the allowable stress is further calculated, the method for calculating the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this time is: obtain the tensile strength of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment corresponding to the current hardness value after overheating , the compressive strength is , the shear strength is , calculate the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this time, where the formula for calculating the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this time is:

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, It is the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment under the current hardness value after overheating, in units of ;

[0048] The maximum allowable stress corresponding to the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at the current hardness value after overheating is obtained. With the pre-set over-temperature intensity threshold In contrast, instructions for equipment replacement, repair and decommissioning are issued based on different comparison results:

[0049] when When the equipment is decommissioned, an instruction to decommission the equipment is issued;

[0050] when When the equipment is repaired, an instruction for equipment maintenance is issued;

[0051] when When the device is in good health state, a device health instruction is issued.

[0052] The present invention also provides a petrochemical equipment over-temperature service safety evaluation system, which is used to execute the above-mentioned petrochemical equipment over-temperature service safety evaluation method, including:

[0053] A fire data collection module, used to obtain fire data and collect real-time air temperature around the equipment, wherein the fire data includes information on the location of the fire and real-time distance information between the location of the fire and the equipment;

[0054] The heat exposure zone coefficient generation module is used to analyze and generate the heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient based on the real-time air temperature data around the equipment and the distance between the fire location and the equipment;

[0055] An equipment position determination module, used to determine the equipment position state according to the generated heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient, wherein the position state includes a heat exposure zone without evaluation and a heat exposure zone;

[0056] The first-level evaluation module is used to determine the equipment as safe according to its location status. When the equipment is in the heat exposure zone exempt from evaluation, it is judged as safe and the safety evaluation is terminated. When the equipment is in the heat exposure zone, the equipment is subjected to metallographic inspection.

[0057] A metallographic structure detection module is used to detect whether there are abnormalities in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment according to metallographic inspection, and the abnormalities include cracks, pores and inclusions;

[0058] The secondary evaluation module is used to obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating when the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is abnormal, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after overheating;

[0059] The hardness detection module is used to perform hardness inspection on the equipment when there is no abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, detect the hardness value of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at the current temperature, compare the obtained hardness value with the factory hardness value of the equipment, and obtain the hardness test result;

[0060] The three-level evaluation module is used to obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at the current temperature, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after over-temperature, and determine whether the equipment needs to be replaced, repaired or retired based on different strength verification results.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by acquiring fire data and collecting the real-time air temperature around the equipment, analyzing and generating a heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient based on the real-time air temperature data around the equipment and the distance between the fire location and the equipment; judging the equipment position status based on the generated heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient, the position status includes the heat exposure zone exempted from evaluation and the heat exposure zone; when the equipment is in the heat exposure zone exempted from evaluation, it is judged to be in a safe state, and the safety evaluation is terminated; when the equipment is in the heat exposure zone, performing a metallographic inspection on the equipment; based on the metallographic inspection, detecting whether there is an abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment; if there is an abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, obtaining the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with the abnormal metallographic structure after over-temperature, calculating the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at this temperature and performing a strength check after over-temperature; if there is no abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, performing a hardness test on the equipment , detect the hardness value of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after overheating, compare the obtained hardness value with the factory hardness value of the equipment to obtain the hardness test result; according to the hardness test result, if the hardness test result meets the equipment hardness requirement, it is judged to be in a safe state; if the hardness test result does not meet the equipment hardness requirement, obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after overheating, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after overheating; this invention can judge whether the pressure-bearing equipment is overheated when a fire occurs or when the equipment has improper combustion control, combustion of flammable materials, large deviation of heat load in the equipment, insufficient air volume, incomplete combustion, improper shutdown of cooling water, startup and shutdown of equipment and improper accident handling, etc., evaluate the pressure-bearing parts when overheating occurs, quickly complete the over-temperature evaluation task of the pressure-bearing parts, provide technical support for the subsequent service, replacement or maintenance of the pressure-bearing equipment, and provide guarantee for the safe operation of the pressure-bearing equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system flow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0065] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0066] Example:

[0067] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0068] A method for evaluating the safety of over-temperature service of petrochemical equipment, comprising the following specific steps:

[0069] Step 1: Obtain fire data and collect real-time air temperature around the equipment, wherein the fire data includes fire location information and real-time distance information between the fire location and the equipment;

[0070] Obtain fire data and collect real-time air temperature around the equipment. The fire data includes the location of the fire and the distance between the location of the fire and the equipment. Collect real-time air temperature at the edge of a circle with a radius of 2 meters and the center of the equipment. De-dimensionalize the temperature data and the real-time distance between the location of the fire and the equipment. Calibrate the air temperature , the real-time distance between the fire location and the equipment is ;

[0071] The method of obtaining air temperature data is: using temperature sensors and monitoring equipment to monitor the temperature in the environment in real time. These sensors can be installed around the equipment or other locations that need to be monitored, and transmit data through wired or wireless methods.

[0072] Get the real-time distance between the fire location and the device The method is: monitor the location coordinates of abnormally high temperatures within the petrochemical site through ground monitoring stations, record the distance between the location coordinates of abnormally high temperatures and the location of the petrochemical equipment, and update the real-time distance between the fire and the petrochemical equipment in real time according to the spread of the fire. .

[0073] Step 2: Analyze and generate the heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient based on the real-time air temperature data around the equipment and the distance between the fire location and the equipment;

[0074] The logic for analyzing and generating the thermal exposure zone evaluation coefficient is as follows:

[0075] The evaluation coefficient of the calibrated heat exposure area is , the formula for calculating the thermal exposure area evaluation coefficient is:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, is the preset scaling factor, are positive numbers and , where air temperature Thermal exposure area evaluation factor The higher the ambient air temperature, the greater the thermal exposure area evaluation coefficient. The larger the distance between the fire location and the equipment The larger it is, the farther the fire is from the equipment, and the smaller the over-temperature threat to the equipment.

[0078] Real-time distance between fire and petrochemical equipment when there is no fire Calibrated as 1, at this time, only the real-time air temperature around the equipment is collected. When the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment are overheated due to improper combustion control, combustion of flammable materials, large deviation of heat load in the equipment, insufficient air volume, incomplete combustion, improper cooling water supply and stop, equipment start-up and stop, and improper accident handling, the heat exposure area evaluation coefficient is calculated based on the real-time air temperature around the equipment. , determine whether the equipment is in a heat exposure area.

[0079] Step 3: judging the equipment position state according to the generated heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient, wherein the position state includes the heat exposure zone exempted from evaluation and the heat exposure zone;

[0080] The thermal exposure free zone usually refers to an industrial environment or other places where high temperature and high heat radiation may exist, where personnel or equipment can work or stay without additional thermal exposure assessment. These areas are usually identified as safe, and their thermal environment has been assessed and complies with relevant safety standards or regulations;

[0081] Heat exposure areas refer to areas in certain workplaces or environments where personnel or equipment may be affected by high temperatures or high heat radiation, resulting in health problems such as heat stress and heat stroke, or equipment abnormalities that prevent them from working properly. These areas usually require heat exposure assessments and appropriate measures to protect the health and safety of workers.

[0082] Step 4: According to the equipment location status, when the equipment is in the heat exposure zone exempt from evaluation, it is judged to be in a safe state and the safety evaluation is terminated; when the equipment is in the heat exposure zone, the equipment is subjected to metallographic inspection;

[0083] The logic for determining the device location status is:

[0084] The pre-set thermal exposure zone evaluation threshold is calibrated as , and the obtained thermal exposure area evaluation coefficient In comparison,

[0085] like , it is judged that the equipment is in the evaluation-free heat exposure zone and is in a safe state;

[0086] like , determine that the equipment is in the heat exposure area, and perform metallographic inspection on the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment.

[0087] Step 5: According to metallographic inspection, detect whether there are abnormalities in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, and the abnormalities include cracks, pores, and inclusions;

[0088] The method of metallographic inspection of equipment is: adopting macroscopic non-destructive inspection method, using ultrasonic metallographic inspection to detect whether there is abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, and at the same time, by observing the reflection, scattering or diffraction of ultrasonic waves at the abnormal place, the position, shape and size of the abnormality are determined, and the abnormal parameters of the metallographic structure of the equipment are calibrated. , when abnormalities are detected in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, The value is 1. After the test is completed, no abnormality is found in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment. The value is 0;

[0089] Among them, ultrasonic metallographic testing uses the characteristics of ultrasonic wave propagation in materials to evaluate the structure and defects of materials by observing the scattering, reflection and absorption of sound waves in materials. Ultrasonic metallographic testing can detect the metallographic structure of pressure-bearing parts of equipment in a macroscopic and non-destructive manner.

[0090] Step 6: If the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is abnormal, obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after overheating;

[0091] The tensile strength of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating is calibrated as , the compressive strength is , the shear strength is , the unit is , the safety factor is ; The tensile strength of the pressure-bearing parts Acquisition method: obtain through simulation test, prepare materials with the same mechanical properties as the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure, put the prepared samples into the tensile testing machine, apply tensile load, and gradually increase the load until the sample is damaged. During the test, record the relationship curve between load and displacement (or strain), and calculate the relationship curve between stress and strain based on the test data, and determine the tensile strength from the stress-strain curve. The tensile strength is usually defined as the stress value when the material reaches the maximum stress in the tensile test. This value can be read directly from the stress-strain curve;

[0092] Compressive strength The same simulation test method is used to obtain the material with the same mechanical properties as the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure as the test sample. The prepared sample is placed in a compression tester, and a compressive load is applied. The load is gradually increased until the sample is deformed or damaged. During the test, the relationship curve between load and deformation (or strain) is recorded, and the relationship curve between stress and strain is calculated based on the test data. The compressive strength is determined from the stress-strain curve. The compressive strength is usually defined as the maximum stress value reached by the material in the compression test, which can be directly read from the stress-strain curve;

[0093] Shear strength and tensile strength and compressive strength The acquisition method is the same, using the simulation test method, which is the same as the above method;

[0094] The logic for calculating the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after overheating is:

[0095] The maximum allowable stress of the calibration equipment is , maximum allowable stress of the equipment The formula is:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, Indicates a positive number;

[0098] The logic behind the post-overtemperature strength check is:

[0099] The preset over-temperature intensity threshold is , the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is obtained With the pre-set over-temperature intensity threshold In comparison, instructions for equipment health, maintenance, and decommissioning are issued based on different comparison results:

[0100] when When the equipment is decommissioned, an instruction to decommission the equipment is issued;

[0101] when When the equipment is repaired, an instruction for equipment maintenance is issued;

[0102] when When the device is in good condition, it issues a device health instruction, indicating that the device can continue to serve.

[0103] Step 7: If there is no abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, perform a hardness test on the equipment to detect the hardness value of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after overheating, and compare the obtained hardness value with the factory hardness value of the equipment to obtain the hardness test result;

[0104] The method for obtaining the hardness value of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after overheating is as follows: conduct a simulation test, keep the air temperature at the edge of a circular range with a radius of 2 meters in the test site consistent with the air temperature at the edge of a circular range with a radius of 2 meters recorded when the equipment is overheated, and simulate the overheating environment of the equipment; select a test point on the material to be tested with the same mechanical characteristics as the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, place the indenter of the hardness tester on the test point, and apply a certain load. After the load is applied, observe the indentation generated on the surface of the test point, record the indenter diameter of the hardness tester and the indentation diameter generated, and calculate the hardness value based on the recorded test data; the formula for calculating the hardness value is:

[0105]

[0106] In the formula, is the hardness value in Newton. is the load applied to the indenter of the hardness tester in Newtons. Indenter diameter, in mm, is the indentation diameter in mm.

[0107] Step 8: Based on the hardness test results, if the hardness test results meet the equipment hardness requirements, it is judged to be in a safe state. If the hardness test results do not meet the equipment hardness requirements, obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after over-temperature, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after over-temperature. Based on different strength verification results, determine whether the equipment needs to be replaced, repaired or retired.

[0108] The factory hardness value of the calibration equipment is , the logic for obtaining the hardness test results is:

[0109] when When the hardness of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is abnormal, it is judged that the allowable stress needs to be further calculated;

[0110] when When the device is in a safe state,

[0111] when When the allowable stress is further calculated, the method for calculating the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this time is: obtain the tensile strength of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment corresponding to the current hardness value after overheating , the compressive strength is , the shear strength is , calculate the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this time, where the formula for calculating the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this time is:

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, The maximum allowable stress corresponding to the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with the current hardness value after overheating, in units of ;

[0114] The maximum allowable stress corresponding to the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at the current hardness value after overheating is obtained. With the pre-set over-temperature intensity threshold In contrast, instructions for equipment replacement, repair and decommissioning are issued based on different comparison results:

[0115] when When the equipment is decommissioned, an instruction to decommission the equipment is issued;

[0116] when When the equipment is repaired, an instruction for equipment maintenance is issued;

[0117] when When the device is in good health state, a device health instruction is issued.

[0118] The tensile strength , compressive strength and shear strength The results of the experiment using the simulation method can also be obtained by recording the different hardness values ​​of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at different temperatures. The test values ​​of tensile strength, compressive strength and shear strength corresponding to different hardness values ​​are integrated and statistically analyzed to generate a data model. Data can then be directly retrieved from the data model for safety evaluation.

[0119] See also Figure 2 The present invention also provides a petrochemical equipment over-temperature service safety evaluation system, which is used to execute the above-mentioned petrochemical equipment over-temperature service safety evaluation method, and includes:

[0120] A fire data collection module, used to obtain fire data and collect real-time air temperature around the equipment, wherein the fire data includes information on the location of the fire and real-time distance information between the location of the fire and the equipment;

[0121] The heat exposure zone coefficient generation module is used to analyze and generate the heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient based on the real-time air temperature data around the equipment and the distance between the fire location and the equipment;

[0122] An equipment position determination module, used to determine the equipment position state according to the generated heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient, wherein the position state includes a heat exposure zone without evaluation and a heat exposure zone;

[0123] The first-level evaluation module is used to determine the equipment as safe according to its location status. When the equipment is in the heat exposure zone exempt from evaluation, it is judged as safe and the safety evaluation is terminated. When the equipment is in the heat exposure zone, the equipment is subjected to metallographic inspection.

[0124] A metallographic structure detection module is used to detect whether there are abnormalities in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment according to metallographic inspection, and the abnormalities include cracks, pores and inclusions;

[0125] The secondary evaluation module is used to obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating when the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is abnormal, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after overheating;

[0126] The hardness detection module is used to perform hardness inspection on the equipment when there is no abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, detect the hardness value of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at the current temperature, compare the obtained hardness value with the factory hardness value of the equipment, and obtain the hardness test result;

[0127] The three-level evaluation module is used to obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at the current temperature, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after over-temperature, and determine whether the equipment needs to be replaced, repaired or retired based on different strength verification results.

[0128] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0129] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination thereof. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. Those skilled in the art may appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software methods depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0130] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0131] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the safety of over-temperature service of petrochemical equipment, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Obtaining fire data and collecting real-time air temperature around the equipment, wherein the fire data includes information on the location of the fire and real-time distance information between the location of the fire and the equipment; Obtain fire data and collect real-time air temperature around the equipment. The fire data includes the location of the fire and the distance between the location of the fire and the equipment. Collect real-time air temperature at the edge of a circle with a radius of 2 meters and the center of the equipment. De-dimensionalize the temperature data and the real-time distance between the location of the fire and the equipment. Calibrate the air temperature , the real-time distance between the fire location and the equipment is ; Analyze and generate the heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient based on the real-time air temperature data around the equipment and the distance between the fire location and the equipment; The logic for analyzing and generating the thermal exposure area evaluation coefficient is as follows: The evaluation coefficient of the calibrated thermal exposure area is , the formula for calculating the thermal exposure area evaluation coefficient is: In the formula, is the preset scaling factor, are positive numbers and ; According to the generated heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient, the position state of the equipment is judged, wherein the position state includes the heat exposure zone without evaluation and the heat exposure zone; According to the equipment location status, when the equipment is in the heat exposure zone exempt from evaluation, it is judged to be in a safe state and the safety evaluation is terminated; when the equipment is in the heat exposure zone, the equipment is subjected to metallographic inspection; According to metallographic inspection, check whether there are abnormalities in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, such abnormalities including cracks, pores and inclusions; The method for metallographic inspection of equipment is: adopting macroscopic non-destructive inspection method, using ultrasonic metallographic inspection to detect whether there is abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, and calibrating the abnormal parameters of the metallographic structure of the equipment as , when abnormalities are detected in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, The value is 1. After the test, no abnormality is found in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment. The value is 0; If there is an abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after overheating; If there is no abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, perform a hardness test on the equipment to detect the hardness value of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after overheating, and compare the obtained hardness value with the factory hardness value of the equipment to obtain the hardness test result; When the equipment metallographic structure is abnormal, When the temperature is 0, the hardness of the equipment is tested, and the hardness value of the equipment after overheating is determined through simulation test. The specific method is as follows: conduct simulation test, keep the air temperature at the edge of the circular range with a radius of 2 meters in the test site consistent with the air temperature at the edge of the circular range with a radius of 2 meters recorded when the equipment is overheated, so as to simulate the overheating environment of the equipment; select the test point on the material to be tested with the same mechanical characteristics as the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, place the indenter of the hardness test instrument on the test point, and apply a certain load. After the load is applied, observe the indentation generated on the surface of the test point, record the indenter diameter of the hardness test instrument and the indentation diameter generated, and calculate the hardness value according to the recorded test data; the formula for calculating the hardness value is: In the formula, is the hardness value in Newton. is the load applied to the indenter of the hardness tester in Newtons. Indenter diameter, in mm, is the indentation diameter, in mm; According to the hardness test results, if the hardness test results meet the equipment hardness requirements, it is judged to be in a safe state. If the hardness test results do not meet the equipment hardness requirements, the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after over-temperature are obtained, the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this temperature is calculated, and the strength is checked after over-temperature. According to different strength check results, it is determined whether the equipment needs to be replaced, repaired or retired.

2. A method for evaluating the safety of over-temperature service of petrochemical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the generated heat exposure area evaluation coefficient, the equipment position status is judged, wherein the logic of judging the equipment position status is: The pre-set thermal exposure zone evaluation threshold is calibrated as , and the obtained thermal exposure area evaluation coefficient In comparison, like , it is judged that the equipment is in the evaluation-free heat exposure area and is in a safe state; like , determine that the equipment is in the heat exposure area, and perform metallographic inspection on the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment.

3. A method for evaluating the safety of over-temperature service of petrochemical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is abnormal, When it is 1, the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating are obtained, and the tensile strength of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating is calibrated as , the compressive strength is , the shear strength is , the unit is , the safety factor is ; The logic for calculating the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment after overheating is: The maximum allowable stress of the calibration equipment is , maximum allowable stress of the equipment The formula is: In the formula, Indicates a positive number; The logic behind the post-overtemperature strength check is: The preset over-temperature intensity threshold is , the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is obtained With the pre-set over-temperature intensity threshold In comparison, instructions for equipment health, maintenance, and decommissioning are issued based on different comparison results: when When the equipment is decommissioned, an instruction to decommission the equipment is issued; when When the equipment is repaired, an instruction for equipment maintenance is issued; when When the device is in good health state, a device health instruction is issued.

4. A method for evaluating the safety of over-temperature service of petrochemical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Compare the obtained hardness value of the pressure-bearing component with the factory hardness value of the pressure-bearing component of the equipment to obtain the hardness test result; The factory hardness value of the calibration equipment is , the logic for obtaining the hardness test results is: when When the hardness of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is abnormal, it is judged that the hardness is abnormal and the allowable stress needs to be further calculated; when When the device is in a safe state, when When the allowable stress is further calculated, the method for calculating the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this time is: obtain the tensile strength of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment corresponding to the current hardness value after overheating , the compressive strength is , the shear strength is , calculate the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this time, where the formula for calculating the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this time is: In the formula, It is the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment under the current hardness value after overheating, in units of ,in is the safety factor; The maximum allowable stress corresponding to the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at the current hardness value after overheating is obtained. With the pre-set over-temperature intensity threshold In contrast, instructions for equipment replacement, repair and decommissioning are issued based on different comparison results: when When the equipment is decommissioned, an instruction to decommission the equipment is issued; when When the equipment is repaired, an instruction for equipment maintenance is issued; when When the device is in good health state, a device health instruction is issued.

5. A petrochemical equipment over-temperature service safety evaluation system, characterized by: The petrochemical equipment over-temperature service safety assessment system is used to implement the petrochemical equipment over-temperature service safety assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: A fire data collection module, used to obtain fire data and collect real-time air temperature around the equipment, wherein the fire data includes fire location information and real-time distance information between the fire location and the equipment; The heat exposure zone coefficient generation module is used to analyze and generate the heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient based on the real-time air temperature data around the equipment and the distance between the fire location and the equipment; An equipment position determination module, used to determine the equipment position state according to the generated heat exposure zone evaluation coefficient, wherein the position state includes a heat exposure zone without evaluation and a heat exposure zone; The first-level evaluation module is used to determine the equipment as safe according to its location status. When the equipment is in the heat exposure zone exempt from evaluation, it is judged as safe and the safety evaluation is terminated. When the equipment is in the heat exposure zone, the equipment is subjected to metallographic inspection. A metallographic structure detection module is used to detect whether there are abnormalities in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment according to metallographic inspection, and the abnormalities include cracks, pores and inclusions; The secondary evaluation module is used to obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment with abnormal metallographic structure after overheating when the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment is abnormal, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after overheating; The hardness detection module is used to perform hardness inspection on the equipment when there is no abnormality in the metallographic structure of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment, detect the hardness value of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at the current temperature, compare the obtained hardness value with the factory hardness value of the equipment, and obtain the hardness test result; The three-level evaluation module is used to obtain the tensile strength, compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the pressure-bearing parts of the equipment at the current temperature, calculate the maximum allowable stress of the equipment at this temperature and perform strength verification after over-temperature, and determine whether the equipment needs to be replaced, repaired or retired based on different strength verification results.

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