A perovskite photovoltaic module

Abstract

A perovskite photovoltaic module provided by the present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and comprises a plurality of perovskite units and connecting conductors. The perovskite unit comprises a stacked perovskite layer, a carrier transport layer and an electrode layer, a plurality of perovskite units are arranged at intervals along a matrix, the perovskite units in the same row are arranged in the same direction, and the adjacent perovskite units in the same column are arranged in the opposite direction, and the connecting conductor can connect two adjacent perovskite units; the perovskite unit is arranged into a three-layer structure of a perovskite layer, a carrier transport layer and an electrode layer, and the carrier transport layer is arranged at intervals to form a conductive loop, so that the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer can transmit electrons and holes to the perovskite layer respectively, thereby avoiding the dead zone of the perovskite photovoltaic module, and at the same time, the perovskite units are arranged at intervals along the matrix and connected by connecting conductors, so that each perovskite unit can be connected to each other, thereby increasing the effective area of ​​the battery and the module efficiency, and reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and in particular to a perovskite photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite cell is a thin-film solar cell that uses perovskite-type semiconductor materials as photoelectric conversion materials. It generally includes a substrate, a carrier transport layer, a first carrier transport layer, a perovskite layer, a second carrier transport layer, and a top electrode layer. For example, the perovskite photovoltaic module disclosed in CN212695179U includes a substrate, a carrier transport layer, a first carrier transport layer, a perovskite layer, a second carrier transport layer, and a top electrode layer. A cutting groove is set on the carrier transport layer, and the cutting groove P1 cuts the carrier transport layer. The cutting groove P1 is filled with the same preparation material as the first carrier transport layer. A cutting groove P4 is set on the top electrode layer, and the carrier transport layer is exposed at the bottom. The sides of the perovskite layer on both sides of each cutting groove P4 are respectively provided with a 2D perovskite protective layer to shield it, and one side of the cutting groove P4 is filled with the same preparation material as the top electrode layer and is conductively connected to the top electrode layer.

[0003] Existing perovskite modules are made by stacking and cutting a whole perovskite layer, and the first carrier transport layer, perovskite layer, second carrier transport layer, and top electrode layer are separated into different perovskite units by cutting grooves. The cutting grooves P1, part of the perovskite layer, the carrier transport layer, and the electrode layer between adjacent perovskite units will form a closed loop, and then form a dead zone locally, thereby reducing the overall efficiency of the photovoltaic cell. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a perovskite photovoltaic module to solve the technical problem in the prior art that a closed loop is formed in part of the perovskite layer, the carrier transport layer and the electrode layer, thereby forming a dead zone locally, thereby reducing the overall efficiency of the photovoltaic cell.

[0005] The present invention provides a perovskite photovoltaic module, comprising a plurality of perovskite units and connecting conductors.

[0006] The perovskite unit comprises a stacked perovskite layer, a carrier transport layer and an electrode layer,

[0007] The carrier transport layer is provided with a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer arranged at intervals, the hole transport layer is connected to the perovskite layer and the electrode layer respectively, and the two ends of the electron transport layer are connected to the perovskite layer and the electrode layer respectively,

[0008] A plurality of the perovskite units are arranged at intervals along a matrix, the perovskite units in the same row are arranged in the same direction, and the adjacent perovskite units in the same column are arranged in opposite directions, and the connecting conductor can connect two adjacent perovskite units.

[0009] Furthermore, the electrode layer includes a positive electrode portion and a negative electrode portion arranged at intervals, the positive electrode portion is arranged below the hole transport layer to be connected to the hole transport layer, and the negative electrode portion is arranged below the electron transport layer to be connected to the electron transport layer.

[0010] Furthermore, a first insulating layer is also provided in the perovskite unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the perovskite photovoltaic module also includes a second insulating layer, and the second insulating layer is arranged between each of the perovskite units.

[0012] Further, the hole transport layer is configured as a hole transport layer, and the electron transport layer is configured as an electron transport layer.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of the perovskite units arranged in a matrix are sequentially connected in series to form a perovskite unit group.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of the perovskite unit groups are connected in parallel.

[0015] Furthermore, the perovskite unit group can share a connecting conductor with other adjacent perovskite unit groups in a selective manner.

[0016] Furthermore, the perovskite photovoltaic module also includes a total positive electrode and a total negative electrode.

[0017] The total positive electrode is connected to one end of all the perovskite unit groups,

[0018] The total negative electrode is connected to the other ends of all the perovskite unit groups.

[0019] Furthermore, the perovskite photovoltaic module also includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and a buffer layer;

[0020] The lower cover plate is arranged at the bottom of the electrode layer, the upper cover plate is arranged at the top of the perovskite layer, and the buffer layer is arranged between the upper cover plate and the perovskite layer.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a perovskite photovoltaic module, comprising a plurality of perovskite units and connecting conductors, wherein the perovskite unit comprises a stacked perovskite layer, a carrier transport layer and an electrode layer, the carrier transport layer is provided with a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer arranged at intervals, the hole transport layer is connected to the perovskite layer and the electrode layer respectively, the two ends of the electron transport layer are connected to the perovskite layer and the electrode layer respectively, a plurality of perovskite units are arranged at intervals along a matrix, the perovskite units in the same row are arranged in the same direction, the adjacent perovskite units in the same column are arranged in the opposite direction, and the connection The conductor can connect two adjacent perovskite units; by arranging the perovskite unit into a three-layer structure of a perovskite layer, a carrier transport layer and an electrode layer, and arranging the carrier transport layer at intervals to form a conductive loop, the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer can respectively transmit electrons and holes to the perovskite layer, thereby avoiding the dead zone of the perovskite photovoltaic module, and at the same time, the perovskite units are arranged at intervals along the matrix and connected by connecting conductors, so that each perovskite unit can be connected to each other, thereby increasing the effective area of ​​the battery and the module efficiency, and reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a perovskite photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 The perovskite photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present invention is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the A-A1 direction;

[0025] Figure 3 The perovskite photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present invention is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the B-B1 direction.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] 10. Perovskite unit group;

[0028] 100, perovskite unit;

[0029] 110. Perovskite layer;

[0030] 120, carrier transport layer; 121, hole transport layer; 122, electron transport layer;

[0031] 130, electrode layer; 131, positive electrode portion; 132, negative electrode portion;

[0032] 200, connecting conductor; 300, second insulating layer; 400, total positive electrode; 500, total negative electrode;

[0033] 20. Upper cover plate; 30. Lower cover plate; 40. Buffer layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0041] The invention provides a perovskite photovoltaic module to circumvent the technical problem that the existing perovskite photovoltaic modules need to cut grooves on the carrier transport layer, the first carrier transport layer, the perovskite layer, the second carrier transport layer, and the top electrode layer, respectively, so that the cutting grooves, parts of the perovskite layer, the carrier transport layer, and the electrode layer between adjacent perovskite units form a closed loop, thereby forming a dead zone locally, thereby improving the efficiency of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a perovskite photovoltaic module, including a plurality of perovskite units 100 and a connecting conductor 200, wherein the perovskite unit 100 includes a stacked perovskite layer 110, a carrier transport layer 120 and an electrode layer 130, the carrier transport layer 120 is provided with a hole transport layer 121 and an electron transport layer 122 arranged at intervals, the hole transport layer 121 is respectively connected to the perovskite layer 110 and the electrode layer 130, and both ends of the electron transport layer 122 are respectively connected to the perovskite layer 110 and the electrode layer 130, a plurality of perovskite units 100 are arranged at intervals along a matrix, the perovskite units 100 in the same row are arranged in the same direction, and the adjacent perovskite units 100 in the same column are arranged in the opposite direction, and the connecting conductor 200 can connect two adjacent perovskite units 100.

[0043] That is, the perovskite photovoltaic module provided by the present invention arranges the perovskite unit 100 into a three-layer structure of a perovskite layer 110, a carrier transport layer 120 and an electrode layer 130, and arranges the carrier transport layer 120 at intervals to form a conductive loop, so that the hole transport layer 121 and the electron transport layer 122 can transmit electrons and holes to the perovskite layer 110 respectively, thereby avoiding the dead zone of the perovskite photovoltaic module, and at the same time, the perovskite units 100 are arranged at intervals along the matrix and connected by connecting conductors 200, so that each perovskite unit 100 can be connected to each other, thereby increasing the effective area of ​​the battery and the module efficiency, and reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0044] Specifically, a plurality of perovskite units 100 are arranged at intervals along the matrix, and the perovskite units 100 in the same row are arranged in the same direction so that adjacent perovskite units 100 can be connected in series. The connecting conductor 200 is arranged on both sides of each row of perovskite units 100, and its two ends are connected to the two adjacent columns of perovskite units 100. Thus, the perovskite units 100 in the matrix are connected in series in sequence. The perovskite unit is arranged into a three-layer structure of a perovskite layer 110, a carrier transport layer 120 and an electrode layer 130. In the carrier transport layer 120, the hole transport layer 121 and the electron transport layer 122 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the perovskite layer 110, and the two are arranged at intervals. They are respectively arranged as an electron transport layer and a hole transport layer, and the electrode layer 130 is arranged below the carrier transport layer 120, and the electrode layer 130 has positive and negative electrodes, which are respectively connected to the hole transport layer 121 and the electron transport layer 122. Thus, a connected loop of positive electrode-hole transport layer-perovskite layer 110-electron transport layer-negative electrode is formed. The positive electrode and negative electrode, the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer are respectively arranged on the same horizontal plane. Therefore, only one laser cutting and grooving of the two is required to realize the grooving process in the perovskite unit 100. At the same time, there is no closed loop between the perovskite layer 110, the carrier transport layer 120 and the electrode layer 130 in the perovskite unit 100, so there is no dead zone in the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0045] Furthermore, the electrode layer 130 includes a positive electrode portion 131 and a negative electrode portion 132 arranged at intervals, the positive electrode portion 131 is arranged below the hole transport layer 121 to be connected to the hole transport layer 121, and the negative electrode portion 132 is arranged below the electron transport layer 122 to be connected to the electron transport layer 122.

[0046] Specifically, the electrode layer 130 can be made of the same material and separated by laser cutting, or it can be arranged and processed by different materials. For example, an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) indium tin composite material can be used as the positive electrode, and metal copper can be used as the negative electrode. Or the two electrode parts use an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) indium tin composite material and are separated by laser cutting. Thereby, the electrode layer 130 in the same perovskite unit 100 is separated into a positive electrode part 131 and a negative electrode part 132. The positive electrode is arranged below the hole transport layer 121 and abuts against the hole transport layer 121, while the negative electrode is arranged below the electron transport layer 122 and abuts against the electron transport layer 122. Thereby, the connection between the electrode part and the carrier transport layer 120 is realized.

[0047] Furthermore, a first insulating layer is also provided in the perovskite unit 100 .

[0048] Specifically, in order to ensure the insulation between the two electrode parts and the two carrier transport layers in the perovskite unit 100, the first insulating layer is arranged between the positive electrode part 131 and the negative electrode part 132 and in the gap between the two carrier transport layers. In the present embodiment, the first insulating layer is arranged as an insulating glue layer, which is filled in the gap between the positive electrode part 131 and the negative electrode part 132 and between the two carrier transport layers. The thickness of the first insulating layer can be set to 0.01mm~0.1mm, which is the laser width during laser grooving. The smaller the interval, the larger the effective area of ​​the battery of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, in order to avoid excessive processing costs and ensure the stability of the product, the first insulating layer also needs to have a certain thickness. In other embodiments of the present invention, the first insulating layer can also be arranged to be made of other insulating materials, and is arranged in the gap between the positive electrode part 131 and the negative electrode part 132 and between the two carrier transport layers.

[0049] In order to ensure the independence of each perovskite unit 100 , the perovskite photovoltaic module further includes a second insulating layer 300 , which is disposed between each perovskite unit 100 .

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, the perovskite layer 110 of each perovskite unit 100 can be made by cutting a whole perovskite flat plate by laser cutting. The second insulating layer 300 is arranged in the gap between each perovskite unit 100, that is, the second insulating layer 300 is arranged in the gap between the perovskite layer 110 of each perovskite unit 100 and the carrier transport layer 120. The thickness of the second insulating layer 300 can be set to 0.01mm~0.1mm, which is the laser width during laser grooving. The smaller the interval, the larger the effective area of ​​the battery of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, in order to avoid excessive processing costs and ensure the stability of the product, the second insulating layer 300 also needs to have a certain thickness. In this embodiment, the second insulating part is set as an insulating glue layer, which is filled in the gap between the perovskite layer 110 of each perovskite unit 100 and the carrier transport layer 120. In other embodiments of the present invention, the second insulating portion may also be made of other insulating materials and disposed in the gaps between the perovskite layers 110 and the carrier transport layers 120 of each perovskite unit 100 .

[0051] Further, a plurality of perovskite units 100 arranged in a matrix are sequentially connected in series to form a perovskite unit group 10 .

[0052] Specifically, a plurality of perovskite units 100 are arranged at intervals along the matrix, and the perovskite units 100 in the same row are arranged in the same direction. The positive electrode portion 131 of one of the two adjacent perovskite units 100 is close to the negative electrode portion 132 of the other, so that the adjacent perovskite units 100 can be connected in series. The connecting conductor 200 is arranged on both sides of each row of perovskite units 100, and its two ends are connected to the two adjacent columns of perovskite units 100. Thus, the perovskite units 100 in the matrix are connected in series in sequence, thereby forming a serpentine-tailed perovskite matrix, and then enclosed into a perovskite unit group 10, thereby ensuring that the effective area of ​​the cell of the photovoltaic module is larger, and at the same time, in order to avoid excessive processing costs and ensure the stability of the product.

[0053] Preferably, a plurality of perovskite unit groups 10 are connected in parallel.

[0054] Specifically, a plurality of perovskite unit groups 10 are arranged in parallel along the same horizontal plane, and the two ends of each perovskite unit group 10 are arranged in parallel, so that the perovskite photovoltaic module has a plurality of parallel-connected perovskite unit groups 10. Even if one of the perovskite unit groups 10 has problems such as short circuit or failure, the perovskite photovoltaic module can still maintain a certain efficacy, thereby improving the stability of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0055] Preferably, the perovskite unit group 10 can share the connection conductor 200 with other adjacent perovskite unit groups 10 in an alternative manner.

[0056] Specifically, in the present embodiment, two perovskite unit groups 10 are provided, and three columns of connecting conductors 200 are provided, which are respectively provided on both sides of the two perovskite unit groups 10 and between the two perovskite unit groups 10. The two perovskite unit groups 10 share a middle column of connecting conductors 200, and the series connection within the perovskite unit group 10 is completed through this column of connecting conductors 200. In other embodiments of the present application, the perovskite unit groups 10 can also be set to other numbers and arranged in pairs. In this way, two groups of two can share a column of connecting conductors 200 to reduce the cost of the perovskite photovoltaic module.

[0057] Furthermore, the perovskite photovoltaic module also includes a total positive electrode 400 and a total negative electrode 500 . The total positive electrode 400 is connected to one end of all the perovskite unit groups 10 , and the total negative electrode 500 is connected to the other end of all the perovskite unit groups 10 .

[0058] Specifically, the total positive electrode 400 and the total negative electrode 500 are respectively disposed at both ends of all the perovskite unit groups 10, the total positive electrode 400 is electrically connected to one end of all the perovskite unit groups 10, and the total negative electrode 500 is electrically connected to the other end of all the perovskite unit groups 10. Thus, the current generated by all the perovskite unit groups 10 can be output through the total positive electrode 400 and the total negative electrode 500.

[0059] Furthermore, the perovskite photovoltaic module also includes an upper cover plate 20, a lower cover plate 30 and a buffer layer 40; the lower cover plate 30 is arranged at the bottom of the electrode layer 130, the upper cover plate 20 is arranged at the top of the perovskite layer 110, and the buffer layer 40 is arranged between the upper cover plate 20 and the perovskite layer 110.

[0060] Specifically, the upper cover plate 20 and the lower cover plate 30 are respectively configured as transparent glass cover plates, and the buffer layer 40 is configured as a transparent material. In this embodiment, the buffer layer 40 is configured as an adhesive film to bond the perovskite unit group 10, the upper cover plate 20 and the lower cover plate 30, and cooperate with the perovskite unit group 10 to complete the power generation work.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A perovskite photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of perovskite units (100) and connecting conductors (200), The perovskite unit (100) comprises a stacked perovskite layer (110), a carrier transport layer (120) and an electrode layer (130). The carrier transport layer (120) is provided with a hole transport layer (121) and an electron transport layer (122) which are arranged at intervals, the hole transport layer (121) is respectively connected to the perovskite layer (110) and the electrode layer (130), and two ends of the electron transport layer (122) are respectively connected to the perovskite layer (110) and the electrode layer (130), A plurality of the perovskite units (100) are arranged at intervals along a matrix, the perovskite units (100) in the same row are arranged in the same direction, and adjacent perovskite units (100) in the same column are arranged in opposite directions, and the connecting conductor (200) is capable of connecting two adjacent perovskite units (100); The electrode layer (130) comprises a positive electrode portion (131) and a negative electrode portion (132) which are arranged at intervals, the positive electrode portion (131) being arranged below the hole transport layer (121) to be connected to the hole transport layer (121), and the negative electrode portion (132) being arranged below the electron transport layer (122) to be connected to the electron transport layer (122); The perovskite photovoltaic module further comprises a second insulating layer (300), wherein the second insulating layer (300) is arranged in the gaps between the perovskite layers (110) of each of the perovskite units (100) and between the carrier transport layers (120).

2. The perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first insulating layer is also provided in the perovskite unit (100).

3. The perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the perovskite units (100) arranged in a matrix are sequentially connected in series to form a perovskite unit group (10).

4. The perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the perovskite unit groups (10) are connected in parallel.

5. The perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The perovskite unit group (10) can share a connecting conductor (200) with other adjacent perovskite unit groups (10) in an alternative manner.

6. The perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The perovskite photovoltaic module also includes a total positive electrode (400) and a total negative electrode (500). The total positive electrode (400) is connected to one end of all the perovskite unit groups (10), The total negative electrode (500) is connected to the other ends of all the perovskite unit groups (10).

7. The perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perovskite photovoltaic module further comprises an upper cover plate (20), a lower cover plate (30) and a buffer layer (40); The lower cover plate (30) is arranged at the bottom of the electrode layer (130), the upper cover plate (20) is arranged at the top of the perovskite layer (110), and the buffer layer (40) is arranged between the upper cover plate (20) and the perovskite layer (110).

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