A composting device based on harmless disposal of sludge in Northeast China reservoirs

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composting device based on harmless disposal of sludge in Northeast reservoirs, including a box body, a bucket lifting device, a pre-fermentation bin and a fermentation bin are arranged on the box body, stirring rods are arranged in the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin, a conveyor is arranged between the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin, and is used to transport the sludge in the pre-fermentation bin to the fermentation bin, and a plurality of feeding pipes are arranged on one side of the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin, and are used to add water and fermentation bacteria. The pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin are arranged, and the sludge is pre-fermented by the pre-fermentation bin, and then transported to the fermentation bin for fermentation, so as to avoid directly adding the sludge to be treated into the fermentation bin, causing the temperature of the fermentation bin to drop suddenly and affecting the fermentation process; a scraper is arranged, and the remaining sludge can be quickly scraped off after the sludge is dumped, and the unloading is fast and thorough; and the scraper is controlled by the conveyor belt of the hopper feeding, and the structural design is ingenious, the cost is low, and it is very practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of harmless disposal of sludge, and in particular relates to a composting device based on harmless disposal of sludge in Northeast China reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] The main components of reservoir sludge are mainly restricted by the natural conditions upstream. Generally, reservoirs downstream of mines generally have the characteristics of heavy metal accumulation. However, the upstream of reservoirs in the Northeast region are often various agricultural water conservancy projects. The problem of heavy metal accumulation in reservoir sludge is not serious. It mainly accumulates fertilizers and residual pesticide components. Therefore, the harmless disposal of sludge in Northeast reservoirs mainly solves the problem of harmless degradation of macromolecular substances such as agricultural residues in sludge. In the prior art, the treatment of macromolecular substances such as agricultural residues is often carried out by adding fermentation bacteria to the sludge to degrade agricultural residues. The existing fermentation equipment is often a cabin, which will generate a higher temperature during the fermentation process, which is conducive to the fermentation degradation. However, since it is a cabin, adding new sludge to be treated during the fermentation process will cause the temperature in the fermentation chamber to drop sharply, affecting the fermentation process; and the existing fermentation device often transports sludge to the fermentation chamber through an automatic unloading single bucket elevator, but due to the high viscosity of the sludge, the unloading is not thorough and the unloading is slow. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a composting device based on the harmless disposal of sludge in Northeast China reservoirs to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a composting device based on the harmless disposal of sludge in Northeast reservoirs, comprising a box body, on which a bucket lifting device, a pre-fermentation bin and a fermentation bin are arranged, stirring rods are arranged in the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin, a conveyor is arranged between the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin for conveying the sludge in the pre-fermentation bin to the fermentation bin, and a plurality of feeding pipes are arranged on one side of the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin for adding water and fermentation bacteria.

[0005] Preferably, the bucket lifting device includes a front support rod, a rear support rod, a front support rod track and a rear support rod track, the front support rod track and the rear support rod track are arranged side by side, and one end of the front support rod track is bent to one side, the front support rod is movably arranged in the front support rod track, the rear support rod is arranged in the rear support rod track, buckets are arranged on the front support rod and the rear support rod, a transmission belt is arranged in the rear support rod track, the upper and lower ends of the transmission belt are connected to a transmission wheel, and the transmission belt is driven by the rotation of the transmission wheel for transmission; a support frame is arranged on one side of the rear support rod track, a support lock tongue sleeve is movably arranged on the support frame, and a retractable support is arranged in the support lock tongue sleeve A lock tongue, a support spring for supporting a support lock tongue sleeve is also arranged in the support frame, a control lock tongue sleeve is also arranged on one side of the support frame, and a control lock tongue is arranged in the control lock tongue sleeve; both ends of the rear support rod are arranged in the end sleeve, a transmission belt through-hole is arranged on one side of the end sleeve, the transmission belt passes through the transmission belt through-hole, a pin is inserted on one side of the transmission belt through-hole for connecting the end sleeve and the transmission belt, a notch is arranged on one side of the pin, and a guide plate is obliquely arranged on the inner wall of the rear support rod track corresponding to the notch, when the transmission belt drives the end sleeve to move upward, the guide plate gradually pushes the edge of the notch on the pin toward the outside, so that the pin moves to one side and disengages from the transmission belt.

[0006] Preferably, a scraper is arranged in the hopper, the scraper is connected to one end of a telescopic rod, a spring is arranged inside the telescopic rod, the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to a bracket, the bracket is arranged on the hopper, the scraper is connected to a winding disk through a rope, a gear disk is concentrically arranged on the winding disk, the gear disk meshes with a rack, the rack is arranged on one side of a movable plate, the movable plate is movably arranged on a frame of a side wall of the hopper, and a push plate is also arranged on the transmission belt, and the push plate is used to push the movable plate.

[0007] Preferably, both the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin are provided with heat-insulating covers.

[0008] Preferably, the side walls of the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin are both configured as hollow structures, which are connected to heating equipment to increase the temperature of the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin.

[0009] Preferably, temperature sensors and water content sensors are provided inside the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin.

[0010] Preferably, a guide bar is provided on the inner wall of the hopper, and the edge of the scraper is clamped on the guide bar.

[0011] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: a pre-fermentation bin and a fermentation bin are provided, the sludge is pre-fermented in the pre-fermentation bin, and then transported to the fermentation bin for fermentation, thereby avoiding the direct addition of the sludge to be treated into the fermentation bin, which causes the temperature of the fermentation bin to drop suddenly and affects the fermentation process;

[0012] Heat can be transported to the walls of the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin to control the temperature of the pre-fermentation bin and the fermentation bin, ensuring a relatively stable fermentation temperature and the fermentation effect;

[0013] A scraper is provided to quickly scrape off the remaining sludge after dumping, making the unloading quick and thorough;

[0014] The scraper is controlled by linkage with the conveyor belt that feeds the material through the hopper. The structure is ingeniously designed, low in cost and very practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bucket-type lifting device of the present invention in a partially cutaway view;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the control lock tongue cover and the control lock tongue structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the end sleeve and guide plate structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the end sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the scraper linkage structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the hopper structure of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. box body; 2. bucket lifting device; 21. front support rod; 22. rear support rod; 23. front support rod track; 24. rear support rod track; 25. transmission belt; 26. support frame; 27. support lock tongue sleeve; 28. support lock tongue; 29. ​​control lock tongue sleeve; 210. control lock tongue; 211. end sleeve; 212. guide plate; 213. pin; 214. hopper; 215. frame; 216. moving plate; 217. push plate; 218. rack; 219. winding drum; 220. gear plate; 221. rope; 222. scraper; 223. telescopic rod; 224. bracket; 3. pre-fermentation bin; 4. fermentation bin; 5. stirring rod; 6. feeding pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0026] The present invention provides Figure 1 A composting device based on harmless disposal of sludge in a Northeast reservoir is shown, comprising a box body 1, a bucket lifting device 2, a pre-fermentation bin 3 and a fermentation bin 4 are arranged on the box body 1, stirring rods 5 are arranged in the pre-fermentation bin 3 and the fermentation bin 4, a conveyor is arranged between the pre-fermentation bin 3 and the fermentation bin 4, which is used to transport the sludge in the pre-fermentation bin 3 to the fermentation bin 4, and a plurality of feeding pipes 6 are arranged on one side of the pre-fermentation bin 3 and the fermentation bin 4 for adding water and fermentation bacteria; temperature sensors and water content sensors are arranged inside the pre-fermentation bin 3 and the fermentation bin 4 The side walls of the pre-fermentation bin 3 and the fermentation bin 4 are both set as hollow structures, connected to the heating equipment to increase the temperature of the pre-fermentation bin 3 and the fermentation bin 4, the temperature sensor is connected to the heating equipment, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature is too low, the heating equipment supplies heat to the side walls of the pre-fermentation bin 3 and the fermentation bin 4 to ensure the fermentation temperature; the water content sensor is connected to the external water supply device, when it detects that the water content is low, the external water supply device starts the water supply, and adds water to the pre-fermentation bin 3 and the fermentation bin 4 through the feeding pipe 6 to ensure the internal water content.

[0027] Specifically, both the pre-fermentation bin 3 and the fermentation bin 4 are provided with heat-insulating covers, which are covered after the feeding is completed to reduce the heat dissipation.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the bucket lifting device 2 includes a front support rod 21, a rear support rod 22, a front support rod track 23 and a rear support rod track 24. The front support rod track 23 and the rear support rod track 24 are arranged side by side, and one end of the front support rod track 23 is bent to one side. The front support rod 21 is movably arranged in the front support rod track 23, and the rear support rod 22 is arranged in the rear support rod track 24. A bucket 214 is arranged on the front support rod 21 and the rear support rod 22, and a transmission belt 25 is arranged in the rear support rod track 24. The upper and lower ends of the transmission belt 25 are connected to a transmission wheel, and the transmission belt 25 is driven by the rotation of the transmission wheel to transmit. The transmission belt 25 drives the rear support rod 22 to move, so as to realize the lifting and unloading of the bucket 214.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a support frame 26 is provided on one side of the rear support rod track 24, and a guide column is vertically provided in the support frame 26. The inner side of the support lock tongue cover 27 is movably plugged on the guide column. A retractable support lock tongue 28 is provided in the support lock tongue cover 27, which is extended to the right side by a spring. An inclined surface is provided on the lower side of the right end. When the rear support rod 22 is moved upward by the transmission belt 25 and passes through the support lock tongue 28, the inclined surface acts to retract the support lock tongue 28, and the support lock tongue 28 can be moved to the upper side of the support lock tongue 28, and the support lock tongue 28 pops out to support the rear support rod 22 to prevent the rear support rod 22 from accidentally falling. A support spring for supporting the support lock tongue cover 27 is also provided in the support frame 26, and the support spring is used to keep it in a state without being subjected to external force. The support lock tongue 28 is located on the upper side of the control lock tongue 210; a control lock tongue sleeve 29 is also provided on one side of the support frame 26, and the control lock tongue 210 is provided in the control lock tongue sleeve 29, and the lower end surface of the control lock tongue 210 is provided with an inclined surface, and a spring is also provided inside. When the hopper 214 returns, the rear support rod 22 moves downward and presses down the support lock tongue 28. The inclined surface of the support lock tongue 28 acts on the upper end surface of the control lock tongue 210, and the support lock tongue 28 retracts, and the rear support rod 22 can return smoothly. When the rear support rod 22 moves to the lower side of the support lock tongue 28, the support lock tongue 28 moves upward under the action of the support spring. Since the lower end surface of the control lock tongue 210 is also provided with an inclined surface, the support lock tongue 28 can move smoothly to the upper side;

[0030] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, both ends of the rear support rod 22 are arranged in the end sleeve 211, and a transmission belt through hole is arranged on one side of the end sleeve 211, and the transmission belt 25 passes through the transmission belt through hole. A pin 213 is inserted on one side of the transmission belt through hole for connecting the end sleeve 211 and the transmission belt 25. A notch is arranged on one side of the pin 213, and a guide plate 212 is arranged obliquely on the inner wall of the rear support rod track 24 corresponding to the notch. When the transmission belt 25 drives the end sleeve 211 to move upward, the rear support rod 22 has moved to the upper side of the support lock tongue 28 at this time, and the guide plate 212 gradually pushes the edge of the notch on the pin 213 toward the outside, so that the pin 213 moves to one side and disengages from the transmission belt 25, and the transmission belt 25 can move alone, and the rear support rod 22 is supported by the support lock tongue 28, and the hopper 214 will not fall. The pin 213 is also provided with a spring to push the pin 213 to move to the right.

[0031] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown: a scraper 222 is arranged in the hopper 214, a guide bar is arranged on the inner wall of the hopper 214, the edge of the scraper 222 is stuck on the guide bar, the scraper 222 is connected to one end of the telescopic rod 223, a spring is arranged inside the telescopic rod 223, so that the telescopic rod 223 has the force to maintain the extension, the other end of the telescopic rod 223 is connected to the bracket 224, the bracket 224 is arranged on the hopper 214, the scraper 222 is connected to the winding drum 219 through the rope 221, the rope 221 passes through the telescopic rod 223, the winding drum 219 is concentrically arranged with a gear plate 220, the gear plate 220 meshes with the rack 218, and the rack 218 is arranged on the moving On one side of the plate 216, the movable plate 216 is movably arranged on the frame 215 of the side wall of the hopper 214, and a push plate 217 is also arranged on the transmission belt 25. The push plate 217 is used to push the movable plate 216. When the hopper 214 moves upward and flips over to unload, the movable plate 216 follows and flips to the upper side of the push plate 217. When the pin 213 is disengaged from the transmission belt 25 and the transmission belt 25 can move alone, the movable plate 216 can be pushed to move upward, and the gear plate 220 is acted on by the rack 218 to make the winding rope 221 rotate around the reel 219, and pull the scraper 222 to quickly scrape out the remaining sludge in the hopper 214.

[0032] The whole process of loading the hopper 214 and scraping out the sludge is as follows: first, the hopper 214 is located at the bottom, and a certain amount of sludge is added to the hopper 214 through a quantitative weighing device, and then the motor of the transmission belt 25 is started, the transmission belt 25 rotates, and the rear support rod 22 is pulled to move the entire hopper 214 upward. When the front support rod 21 moves to the bend of the front support rod track 23, the rear support rod 22 continues to be raised and gradually unloads the material; when the rear support rod 22 moves to the upper side of the support lock tongue 28, it continues to move upward. At this time, the guide plate 212 gradually pushes the edge of the notch on the pin 213 outward, so that the pin 213 moves to the left and disengages from the transmission belt 25, and the transmission belt 25 can move alone, and the rear support rod 22 is supported by the support lock tongue 28, and the hopper 214 will not fall; the transmission belt 25 continues to move, The push plate 217 pushes the movable plate 216 to move upward, and the gear plate 220 is acted on by the rack 218 to make the winding drum 219 rotate and reel in the rope 221, and pull the scraper 222 to quickly scrape out the remaining sludge in the hopper 214; then on the return journey, the transmission belt 25 rotates in the opposite direction, and when the hole on the side wall of the transmission belt 25 moves to the side of the pin 213, the pin 213 can be inserted into the transmission belt 25 to connect the end sleeve 211 with the transmission belt 25, thereby driving the rear support rod 22 to return and the hopper 214 to return, and when the rear support rod 22 presses down the support locking tongue 28, the inclined surface of the support locking tongue 28 controls the upper end surface of the locking tongue 210, and the support locking tongue 28 retracts, and the rear support rod 22 can return smoothly, and the hopper 214 can return, and so on and so forth, material loading and scraping can be realized.

[0033] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composting device based on harmless disposal of sludge from reservoirs in Northeast China, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The box body (1) is provided with a bucket lifting device (2), a pre-fermentation bin (3) and a fermentation bin (4); stirring rods (5) are provided in the pre-fermentation bin (3) and the fermentation bin (4); a conveyor is provided between the pre-fermentation bin (3) and the fermentation bin (4) for conveying the sludge in the pre-fermentation bin (3) to the fermentation bin (4); and a plurality of feeding pipes (6) are provided on one side of the pre-fermentation bin (3) and the fermentation bin (4) for adding water and fermentation bacteria; The bucket lifting device (2) comprises a front support rod (21), a rear support rod (22), a front support rod track (23) and a rear support rod track (24); the front support rod track (23) and the rear support rod track (24) are arranged side by side, and one end of the front support rod track (23) is bent to one side; the front support rod (21) is movably arranged in the front support rod track (23); the rear support rod (22) is arranged in the rear support rod track (24); a hopper (214) is arranged on the front support rod (21) and the rear support rod (22); a transmission belt (25) is arranged in the rear support rod track (24); the upper and lower ends of the transmission belt (25) are connected to a transmission wheel, and the transmission belt (25) is driven by the rotation of the transmission wheel to transmit; a support frame (26) is arranged on one side of the rear support rod track (24); a support lock tongue sleeve (27) is movably arranged on the support frame (26); a retractable support lock tongue (28) is arranged in the support lock tongue sleeve (27) , a support spring for supporting a support tongue sleeve (27) is also arranged in the support frame (26), a control tongue sleeve (29) is also arranged on one side of the support frame (26), and a control tongue sleeve (210) is arranged in the control tongue sleeve (29); both ends of the rear support rod (22) are arranged in the end sleeve (211), a transmission belt through hole is arranged on one side of the end sleeve (211), the transmission belt (25) passes through the transmission belt through hole, a pin (213) is inserted on one side of the transmission belt through hole, and is used to connect the end sleeve (211) and the transmission belt (25), a notch is arranged on one side of the pin (213), and a guide plate (212) is obliquely arranged on the inner wall of the rear support rod track (24) corresponding to the notch, when the transmission belt (25) drives the end sleeve (211) to move upward, the guide plate (212) gradually pushes the edge of the notch on the pin (213) toward the outside, so that the pin (213) moves to one side and disengages from the transmission belt (25); A scraper (222) is arranged inside the hopper (214), the scraper (222) is connected to one end of a telescopic rod (223), a spring is arranged inside the telescopic rod (223), the other end of the telescopic rod (223) is connected to a bracket (224), the bracket (224) is arranged on the hopper (214), the scraper (222) is connected to a winding reel (219) via a rope (221), a gear plate (220) is arranged concentrically with the winding reel (219), the gear plate (220) meshes with a rack (218), the rack (218) is arranged on one side of a moving plate (216), the moving plate (216) is movably arranged on a frame (215) on a side wall of the hopper (214), and a push plate (217) is also arranged on the transmission belt (25), the push plate (217) is used to push the moving plate (216).

2. A composting device based on harmless disposal of sludge from reservoirs in Northeast China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-fermentation bin (3) and the fermentation bin (4) are both provided with heat-insulating covers.

3. A composting device based on harmless disposal of sludge from reservoirs in Northeast China according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side walls of the pre-fermentation bin (3) and the fermentation bin (4) are both configured as hollow structures, connected to heating equipment to increase the temperature of the pre-fermentation bin (3) and the fermentation bin (4).

4. A composting device based on harmless disposal of sludge from reservoirs in Northeast China according to claim 1, characterized in that: Temperature sensors and water content sensors are provided inside the pre-fermentation bin (3) and the fermentation bin (4).

5. A composting device based on harmless disposal of sludge from reservoirs in Northeast China according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide strip is provided on the inner wall of the hopper (214), and the edge of the scraper (222) is clamped on the guide strip.

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