Megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system, control method, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention discloses a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system and control method, which relates to the field of hydrogen combustion engine control technology, including a fuel management unit and an intelligent control unit, wherein the fuel management unit includes a fuel component detection and adjustment module and a hydrogen premixing control module; the intelligent control unit includes an intelligent ignition control module, a piston displacement tracking injection control module, an in-cylinder pressure feedback control module, and an emission monitoring and control module. The present invention realizes comprehensive monitoring and control of the engine operating state, improves combustion efficiency and power output, and reduces the emission level of emissions, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen combustion engine control, and in particular to a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system, control method, equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the emphasis on clean energy and efficient energy utilization, hybrid technology has been widely used in the automotive and power generation industries. The development of hybrid technology has promoted the innovation and progress of gas turbine control systems, especially for the research and development of megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas turbine control systems.

[0003] Traditional gas turbine control systems are mainly optimized for a single fuel type (natural gas), and the parameter design is mostly fixed values. There is a lack of dynamic adjustment mechanism, which makes it difficult to adapt to the management and control of mixed fuels (hydrogen and natural gas) with different components and properties, and lacks comprehensive consideration and adaptability to mixed fuels. In addition, traditional ignition control systems, injection control systems, and emission monitoring systems also have shortcomings such as untimely data feedback and insufficient accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the conventional combustion engine control system, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas turbine control system, control method, equipment and storage medium.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas engine control system, comprising a fuel management unit and an intelligent control unit; the fuel management unit comprises a fuel component detection and adjustment module and a hydrogen premixing control module; the intelligent control unit comprises an intelligent ignition control module, a piston displacement tracking injection control module, an in-cylinder pressure feedback control module and an emission monitoring and control module;

[0008] The fuel component detection and adjustment module is used to detect the components and calorific value of the mixed fuel in real time, and according to the detection results, dynamically adjust the flow ratio of natural gas and hydrogen by controlling the valve to optimize the fuel components; the hydrogen premixing control module is based on the mixing chamber set in the intake duct, and adjusts and optimizes the ratio of premixed air and hydrogen by controlling the flow rate of hydrogen in the mixing chamber;

[0009] The intelligent ignition control module is used to integrate and analyze sensor signals, autonomously optimize the ignition timing, and send the optimized ignition timing instructions to the ignition system for execution; the piston displacement tracking injection control module tracks the piston movement position in real time based on the set displacement sensor, and controls the injection timing and injection amount of each injector according to the piston displacement; the in-cylinder pressure feedback control module is used to obtain and analyze real-time pressure waveform signals, evaluate the current combustion state, and adjust the ignition timing and fuel supply; the emission monitoring and control module is used to monitor the emission concentration in real time, and when the emission exceeds the standard, the control instruction for optimizing the combustion parameters is issued; the output end of the fuel component detection and adjustment module is connected to the input end of the hydrogen premixing control module.

[0010] Furthermore, the fuel component detection and adjustment module measures the fuel component percentage through the set analyzer, calculates the total calorific value of the mixed fuel according to the gas components and the calorific value of each component, and transmits the detection data to the emission monitoring and control module in real time; the intelligent control unit calculates the required flow ratio according to the detected fuel components and the set fuel component target values, and sends corresponding opening adjustment instructions to the flow control valves set on the natural gas and hydrogen supply pipelines, so as to dynamically adjust the flow of each gas.

[0011] Furthermore, the calculation process of the required flow ratio is as follows:

[0012] ;

[0013] Where, f is a nonlinear function; is the fuel component detected; The target fuel component.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific control process of the piston displacement tracking injection control module is as follows:

[0015] 1) The mapping relationship between displacement value and crank angle is established by introducing the cubic spline interpolation method, and embedded in the piston displacement tracking injection control module to calculate the crank angle value in real time;

[0016] 2) According to the crank angle and the in-cylinder parameters, the injection timing of each nozzle is optimized to form the best injection timing curve;

[0017] 3) A PWM drive circuit is configured for each injector separately, and nozzle opening and closing control pulses are issued according to the calculated ideal injection timing. Each nozzle can achieve independent timing and duration control.

[0018] Furthermore, the process of optimizing the injection timing of each nozzle is as follows:

[0019] Given the piston displacement S, the formula for calculating the crank angle θ is as follows:

[0020] ;

[0021] Where r is the crank radius; λ is the connecting rod ratio;

[0022] The current pressure is obtained through the in-cylinder pressure sensor; the heat release rate curve is calculated according to the spark ignition theoretical combustion model; the expected calorific value of each segment is calculated according to the heat release curve before the end of single nozzle injection, and the total fuel supply is distributed to each nozzle according to the corresponding calorific value ratio.

[0023] Furthermore, the spark ignition theoretical combustion model is:

[0024]

[0025] Where Qr is the released heat; γ is the specific heat ratio; V is the current volume; the combustion start angle θ0 corresponds to the continuous increase of dQr / dθ; the combustion end angle θ end The corresponding dQr / dθ drops to zero;

[0026] The process of calculating the heat release rate curve according to the spark ignition theory combustion model is as follows:

[0027] Advance injection angle Earlier than θ0, the formula is as follows:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, To properly advance the angle; to make the single nozzle spray end angle Near θ end , the formula is as follows:

[0030] ;

[0031] in, It is the super spray angle.

[0032] Furthermore, the specific control process of the cylinder pressure feedback control module is as follows:

[0033] 1) Analyze the pressure waveform of a single working cycle and extract the characteristic value;

[0034] 2) Construct a diagnostic model and input the extracted pressure waveform features into the diagnostic model. The model evaluates the current indicators based on the pressure features.

[0035] 3) If the evaluation result is consistent with the expected combustion state, the ignition timing is considered reasonable; otherwise, the ignition timing needs to be adjusted to improve the combustion effect.

[0036] In order to further solve the problems existing in the traditional gas engine control system, the present invention provides a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas engine control method, which comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. Detect fuel composition and make dynamic adjustments through the fuel composition detection and adjustment module in the fuel management unit;

[0038] S2, optimizing the ignition timing through the intelligent ignition control module in the intelligent control unit;

[0039] S3, through the piston displacement tracking injection control module in the intelligent control unit, using the displacement sensor to track the piston movement in real time, and dynamically adjusting each injection time and injection amount based on the piston displacement;

[0040] S4, through the cylinder pressure feedback control module in the intelligent control unit, the cylinder pressure signal is obtained in real time, the pressure waveform is analyzed, and the ignition timing and fuel supply are adjusted by feedback;

[0041] S5, premixing appropriate amounts of hydrogen and air in the intake duct through the hydrogen premixing control module in the fuel management unit to optimize the premixing ratio;

[0042] S6. Through the emission monitoring and control module in the intelligent control unit, pollutants in the exhaust gas are monitored in real time, and combustion parameters are adjusted based on the monitoring results to reduce emissions.

[0043] The present invention provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program is executed by the processor, any step of the megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas turbine control system as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0044] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step of the megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas engine control system as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] The present invention can maximize the use of clean energy such as hydrogen, reduce fuel costs and emissions, and improve the overall performance and environmental protection indicators of the engine by optimizing fuel components; a displacement sensor is used to track the piston movement position in real time, and the injection timing and injection amount of each injector are accurately controlled according to the piston displacement, thereby maximizing the injection efficiency and improving the combustion efficiency and power output; the present invention realizes comprehensive monitoring and control of the engine operating state, improves the combustion efficiency and power output, and at the same time reduces the emission level of emissions, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas turbine control system.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the megawatt-class hydrogen-fueled combustion engine control method in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0051] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0052] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0053] Embodiment 1:

[0054] Reference Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas engine control system of this embodiment. This embodiment provides a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas engine control system, including a fuel management unit and an intelligent control unit.

[0055] The fuel management unit includes a fuel component detection and regulation module and a hydrogen premixing control module;

[0056] The intelligent control unit includes an intelligent ignition control module, a piston displacement tracking injection control module, an in-cylinder pressure feedback control module and an emission monitoring and control module.

[0057] Specifically, the fuel component detection and adjustment module detects the components and calorific value of the mixed fuel in real time through the installed fuel component analyzer. According to the detection results, the flow ratio of natural gas and hydrogen is dynamically adjusted by controlling the valve to optimize the fuel composition to obtain higher combustion efficiency and lower emissions.

[0058] The analyzer measures the percentage of components by detecting the infrared spectrum or heat conduction of the mixed gas, and calculates the total calorific value of the mixed fuel based on the gas components and the calorific values ​​of each component. The analyzer transmits the detection data to the emission monitoring and control module in real time.

[0059] Flow control valves are installed on the gas supply pipelines of natural gas and hydrogen respectively. The valves are of precise electric adjustment type and can accurately adjust the opening according to the control signal.

[0060] The intelligent control unit calculates the required flow ratio according to the detected fuel composition and the set fuel composition target value, sends corresponding opening adjustment instructions to the two valves, and dynamically adjusts the flow of each gas.

[0061] Specifically, the required flow ratio is calculated as follows:

[0062] ;

[0063] Where f is a nonlinear function: is the fuel component detected; The target fuel component.

[0064] The control system presets the target value range of the optimal fuel components, such as calorific value, H2 ratio, etc., and compares it with the real-time detection value. When the detection value deviates from the target range, the valve is immediately fed back and adjusted. The valve is dynamically adjusted to make the mixed fuel components meet the optimization target and obtain high combustion efficiency and low emissions.

[0065] If the calorific value detected in real time is greater than the preset target value range, the control system will immediately adjust the valve, for example, reduce the percentage of fuel flow, such as 10%, to reduce the calorific value; if the calorific value detected in real time is less than the preset target value range, the system will increase the percentage of fuel flow, such as 5%, to increase the calorific value; if the H2 proportion detected in real time is greater than the preset target value range, the control system will immediately adjust the valve, for example, reduce the percentage of hydrogen flow, such as 15%, to reduce the H2 proportion; if the H2 proportion detected in real time is less than the preset target value range, the system will increase the percentage of hydrogen flow, such as 10%, to increase the H2 proportion.

[0066] Specifically, the hydrogen premixing control module is based on a small mixing chamber set in the intake duct. By controlling the flow rate of hydrogen mixed with air in the mixing chamber, the ratio of premixed air and hydrogen is adjusted, the premixing ratio is optimized, sufficient combustion is promoted, and thermal efficiency is improved.

[0067] Specifically, a precise electric flow control valve is installed on the hydrogen supply pipeline. The control system calculates the required hydrogen flow rate based on the target air-to-hydrogen ratio, and accurately controls the hydrogen flow rate by issuing an opening adjustment instruction to the control valve. The control system continuously monitors the real-time values ​​of the two flow rates, compares them with the target air-to-hydrogen ratio, and immediately adjusts the hydrogen valve when there is a deviation, so that the premixed gas is kept within the ideal ratio range through feedback adjustment.

[0068] A fuel injection device and a static swirl device are designed in the mixing chamber. The injection device fully mixes the premixed gas with the main fuel gas, and the swirl device increases turbulence to promote uniformity of air-fuel mixing.

[0069] Specifically, the intelligent ignition control module is used to integrate multiple sensor signals such as pressure, temperature, fuel composition, etc., use machine learning algorithms to analyze these signals, autonomously optimize the ignition timing, and send the optimized ignition timing instructions to the ignition system for execution.

[0070] In the intelligent ignition control module, a large amount of historical data under ignition conditions is collected as a training set, and a supervised learning algorithm such as a support vector machine is used to establish a machine learning model, and the model is trained and optimized.

[0071] The feature data collected in real time is input into the trained machine learning. The machine learning model predicts the current optimal ignition timing parameters based on the features, including spark discharge time, advance angle, energy size, etc.

[0072] The optimized ignition timing parameters are sent through the communication interface, and the controller of the ignition system receives and executes the corresponding ignition control, including precise control of timing, charging and discharging.

[0073] The model can detect abnormal ignition conditions, such as misfire, backfire, etc., and give timely fault warnings and switch to safe ignition mode.

[0074] Specifically, the piston displacement tracking injection control module is used to use the displacement sensor to track the piston movement position in real time, and accurately control the injection timing and injection amount of each injector according to the piston displacement. The specific control process is as follows:

[0075] 1) Through theoretical calculation or measured data, the mapping relationship between displacement value and crank angle is established, and the cubic spline interpolation method is introduced to improve the mapping accuracy. The mapping model is embedded in the control system to calculate the crank angle value in real time;

[0076] The mapping relationship between displacement value and crank angle is as follows:

[0077] Assuming d is the displacement and θ is the crank angle, the mapping relationship obtained by using cubic spline interpolation technology is as follows:

[0078] .

[0079] 2) According to the crank angle, combined with parameters such as cylinder pressure, the injection timing of each nozzle is optimized, including the ideal crank angle for opening and closing the injection, to form the best injection timing curve, taking into account indicators such as combustion efficiency and emissions.

[0080] 3) A PWM drive circuit is configured for each injector individually, and precise nozzle opening and closing control pulses are issued according to the calculated ideal injection timing. Each nozzle can achieve independent timing and duration control.

[0081] Optimizing the spray timing for each nozzle involves the following steps:

[0082] 1) Given the piston displacement S, the crank angle θ can be calculated using the following formula:

[0083] ;

[0084] Where r is the crank radius; λ is the connecting rod ratio, i.e. connecting rod length / crank radius.

[0085] 2) The current pressure is obtained through the in-cylinder pressure sensor, and the pressure curve P(θ) reflects the pressure changes during the entire working cycle.

[0086] 3) Introduce the spark ignition theory combustion model and calculate the heat release rate curve:

[0087] ;

[0088] Where Qr is the released heat; γ is the specific heat ratio; V is the current volume; the combustion start angle θ0 corresponds to the continuous increase of dQr / dθ; the combustion end angle θ end The corresponding dQr / dθ drops to zero.

[0089] The injection angle should be advanced Slightly earlier than θ0, ensuring good aerosol mixing;

[0090] ;

[0091] in, The appropriate advance angle is determined based on experience or models.

[0092] The single nozzle spray end angle should be Near θ end :

[0093] ;

[0094] in, is the overspray angle, determined based on analysis.

[0095] 4) According to θ end The previous heat release curve calculates the expected calorific value of each segment, and distributes the total oil supply to each nozzle according to the corresponding calorific value ratio. It is necessary to pay attention to the flow characteristics and atomization performance of different nozzles.

[0096] 5) According to the above calculation results, for each crank angle, the corresponding output is: nozzle opening / closing command; the current opening of each nozzle (i.e. instantaneous flow rate); and the injection process is accurately controlled by cylinder and stage.

[0097] Specifically, the cylinder pressure feedback control module: based on the installed cylinder pressure sensor, obtains the real-time pressure waveform signal, analyzes the pressure waveform, evaluates the current combustion state, and makes corresponding adjustments to the ignition timing and fuel supply according to the evaluation results. The specific control process is as follows:

[0098] 1) Analyze the pressure waveform of a single working cycle and extract key characteristic values, including maximum combustion pressure, pressure rise rate, heat release rate and other characteristics. In addition, introduce wavelet analysis technology to improve the accuracy of feature extraction.

[0099] 2) Construct a diagnostic model and input the extracted pressure waveform features into the diagnostic model. The model evaluates the current combustion phase, combustion rate and other status indicators based on the pressure features.

[0100] The construction process of the diagnostic model is as follows:

[0101] The formula for the polynomial regression model is:

[0102] ;

[0103] in, is the pressure waveform characteristic, n is the order of the polynomial; are the parameters of the polynomial regression model;

[0104] Embedding the polynomial regression model into the diagnostic model yields:

[0105] ;

[0106] Among them, U is the state indicator.

[0107] 3) The extracted pressure waveform features are input into the trained model to obtain the evaluation results of the combustion state. If the evaluation results are consistent with the expected combustion state, the ignition timing is considered reasonable; otherwise, the ignition timing may need to be adjusted to improve the combustion effect; the optimized ignition timing parameters are fed back to the ignition control system for execution.

[0108] 4) Analyze the pressure waveform to determine whether there are any abnormal fuel supply conditions such as mixed fire and liquid film adhesion. Record and archive the pressure waveform and change amount before and after control, evaluate the effectiveness of the control strategy through data analysis, fine-tune the control model parameters online, and continuously optimize the ignition / fuel supply control strategy.

[0109] Specifically, the emission monitoring and control module: based on the installed exhaust gas analyzer, it monitors the concentration of NOx, CO and other emissions in real time. When the emissions exceed the standard, the control instructions for optimizing the combustion parameters are sent to the relevant modules.

[0110] The emission monitoring and control module sets the limit thresholds for each pollutant according to applicable emission regulations and compares them with the real-time concentration data. When any pollutant exceeds the limit, an over-limit alarm is triggered and the alarm signal is simultaneously sent to the fault diagnosis module to initiate cause analysis.

[0111] Example 2

[0112] Reference Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system of this embodiment; Figure 2 :Flowchart of the megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas engine control method of this embodiment; This embodiment provides a control method for a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas engine control system, comprising the following steps:

[0113] S1: The fuel composition is detected and dynamically adjusted through the fuel composition detection and adjustment module in the fuel management unit.

[0114] Real-time detection of the composition and calorific value of mixed fuels (such as natural gas and hydrogen), and dynamic adjustment of the fuel ratio based on the detection results to optimize combustion efficiency and emissions.

[0115] S2: Through the intelligent ignition control module in the intelligent control unit, the ignition timing is optimized by combining parameters such as fuel composition, pressure, and temperature, and the machine learning algorithm is used to continuously optimize the ignition timing to improve reliability.

[0116] S3: Through the piston displacement tracking injection control module in the intelligent control unit, the displacement sensor is used to track the piston movement in real time, and the injection time and injection amount are dynamically adjusted based on the piston displacement.

[0117] S4: Through the in-cylinder pressure feedback control module in the intelligent control unit, the in-cylinder pressure sensor is installed to obtain the in-cylinder pressure signal in real time, analyze the pressure waveform, and provide feedback to adjust the ignition timing and fuel supply.

[0118] S5: Through the hydrogen premixing control module in the fuel management unit, the appropriate amount of hydrogen and air are premixed in the intake duct to optimize the premixing ratio and improve combustion stability and efficiency.

[0119] S6: Through the emission monitoring and control module in the intelligent control unit, the NOx, CO, hydrocarbons and other pollutants in the exhaust are monitored in real time, and the combustion parameters are adjusted based on the monitoring results to reduce emissions.

[0120] This embodiment also provides a computer device, which is suitable for the control system of a megawatt-class hybrid hydrogen gas turbine, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute computer-executable instructions to implement the megawatt-class hybrid hydrogen gas turbine control system proposed in the above embodiment.

[0121] The computer device may be a terminal, and the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The display screen of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device may be a touch layer covered on the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad provided on the housing of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0122] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas turbine control system proposed in the above embodiment is implemented; the storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, referred to as SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, referred to as EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, referred to as EPROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable Red-Only Memory, referred to as PROM), read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0123] In summary, the present invention can maximize the use of clean energy such as hydrogen, reduce fuel costs and emissions, and improve the overall performance and environmental indicators of the engine by optimizing fuel components; use a displacement sensor to track the piston movement position in real time, and accurately control the injection timing and injection amount of each injector according to the piston displacement, thereby maximizing the injection efficiency and improving the combustion efficiency and power output; the present invention realizes comprehensive monitoring and control of the engine operating state, improves the combustion efficiency and power output, and at the same time reduces the emission level of emissions, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0124] In order to further verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, the present application provides an experimental process of a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas turbine control system.

[0125] In order to verify the effectiveness of the above invention, this embodiment carried out experimental research on a 300kW-class heavy-duty hydrogen-mixed gas engine power system.

[0126] Firstly, according to the requirements of the invention scheme, the original control system was modified and relevant hardware and software modules were added.

[0127] In terms of the fuel management unit, an online fuel component analyzer is installed, which uses the principle of laser infrared spectroscopy to detect the content of methane, hydrogen and other components in the mixed fuel in real time and calculate the gross calorific value.

[0128] The output data of the analyzer is connected to the control system, and two high-precision electric flow control valves are added to the fuel supply pipeline to dynamically adjust the flow of natural gas and hydrogen according to the control instructions. A small mixing chamber is installed on the intake duct, and an appropriate amount of hydrogen is introduced into the mixture through the control valve, and a static swirl device is designed to promote full mixing.

[0129] In terms of intelligent control units, in-cylinder pressure sensors and displacement sensors were installed to build intelligent ignition control, injection control and pressure feedback control modules. A large amount of historical data was collected and a diagnostic model was established using machine learning.

[0130] The system hardware is upgraded to a high-performance industrial computer to run the optimization algorithm, and an exhaust gas analyzer is added to the exhaust pipe to monitor pollutants such as NOx.

[0131] After the experiment is ready, the modified hydrogen-mixed gas turbine system is tested for a long period of operation, and the fuel flow, pressure, emission and other data are automatically collected and archived. According to the invention scheme, the system automatically executes the following control process:

[0132] The analyzer continuously monitors changes in fuel components, the control system calculates the target gas flow ratio, and feedback controls the gas flow of the two routes to keep the calorific value and H2 ratio in the optimal range. Based on the measured air flow and the ideal air-fuel ratio, the control valve introduces an appropriate amount of hydrogen into the small mixing chamber. The static swirl device improves the premixing uniformity. By analyzing signal characteristics such as pressure and temperature, the optimal discharge time, energy and other ignition parameters are predicted, and instructions are issued to the ignition execution system. Piston displacement tracking injection: real-time measurement of displacement to calculate the crank angle, combined with parameters such as pressure, the mechanism model solves the optimal nozzle opening and closing timing and flow distribution, and PWM accurately controls the injection.

[0133] Analyze pressure waveform characteristics, diagnose combustion state deviations, automatically adjust ignition / injection parameters, achieve closed-loop optimization, and effectively avoid abnormalities such as mixed fire adhesion. When the exhaust gas analyzer detects excessive emissions, the system automatically corrects the combustion parameters to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements.

[0134] During the test, this embodiment actually calculated the key formulas of each module to verify the effectiveness of the control system. The following is part of the calculation process:

[0135] Fuel composition detection and adjustment module:

[0136] Under operating condition 11 (100% load, 10% hydrogen blending), it was detected that the fuel composition deviated from the target value, using the formula:

[0137] , where C de is the detected fuel composition (natural gas 88%, hydrogen 12%), C ta The target fuel composition is (85% natural gas, 15% hydrogen).

[0138] Applying the nonlinear function f, we obtain the required flow rate ratio adjustment: Fre = 0.96 (natural gas); Fre = 1.25 (hydrogen), which means that the natural gas flow rate needs to be reduced by 4% and the hydrogen flow rate needs to be increased by 25% to achieve the target composition.

[0139] Piston displacement tracking injection control module:

[0140] Under the same working condition, the piston displacement S = 0.15m at a certain moment is measured, using the formula:

[0141] , given the crank radius r = 0.2m and the connecting rod ratio λ = 0.3, the crank angle θ can be solved:

[0142] 0.15 = 0.2×(1- cosθ+ 0.3 / (4×(1 - cos2θ)))

[0143] Through numerical solution, we get θ≈73.13°, and this angle information is used to accurately control the injection timing.

[0144] In-cylinder pressure feedback control module:

[0145] When the cylinder pressure reaches the maximum value, record the following data:

[0146] P = 8 MPa, V = 0.002 m³, dV / dθ = -0.00001 m³ / °, dP / dθ = 0.1 MPa / °

[0147] Apply the heat release rate formula:

[0148] ,

[0149] Where, γ (ratio of specific heat) = 1.4;

[0150] Substituting the values:

[0151] dQr / dθ = (1.4 / (1.4-1)) × (0.002 × 0.1 + 1.4 × 8 × (-0.00001))

[0152] = 0.466 kJ / °, this heat release rate data is used to evaluate the current combustion state and optimize the ignition timing accordingly.

[0153] Intelligent ignition control module:

[0154] Based on the above calculation results and other sensor data, the machine learning model outputs the optimized ignition advance angle:

[0155] ;

[0156] This means that ignition begins at 38.1° crank rotation for optimal combustion.

[0157] Emission monitoring and control module:

[0158] Under condition 11, NO x The emission is 40ppm, slightly higher than the target value of 35ppm, and the system automatically calls the polynomial regression model:

[0159] ;

[0160] Among them, P(t0) is the current pressure waveform feature vector, n=3, and the model parameter ε is obtained through previous training. Substituting the current pressure waveform characteristics, the state indicator U = 1.15 is obtained, indicating that the combustion process needs to be further optimized. The system then fine-tuned the ignition timing and fuel supply. In the subsequent 5 minutes, NOx emissions dropped to 34ppm, reaching the target range.

[0161] These actual calculation processes fully demonstrate the accuracy and adaptability of this control system. Through real-time data acquisition, fast calculation and intelligent decision-making, the system can continuously optimize the performance of the gas turbine under various operating conditions and achieve the operating goals of low emissions and high efficiency.

[0162] It is particularly noteworthy that in the process of increasing the hydrogen blending ratio from 0% to 20%, the control system can accurately capture the changes in fuel characteristics and adjust various parameters in real time through the above-mentioned calculation process. This not only ensures the stable operation of the gas turbine, but also gives full play to the clean and efficient characteristics of hydrogen, so that the thermal efficiency at 100% load is increased from 36.2% to 40.0%, while reducing NOx emissions from 52ppm to 32ppm.

[0163] The above-mentioned optimization control strategy enables the long-term efficient and stable operation of the gas turbine, and the fuel economy and power are significantly improved; the present invention comprehensively integrates fuel management, intelligent control and emission monitoring into one of the hybrid hydrogen gas turbine control systems, and the system level and functional integration level greatly surpass the existing single control technology.

[0164] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system, characterized in that: It includes a fuel management unit and an intelligent control unit; the fuel management unit includes a fuel component detection and adjustment module and a hydrogen premixing control module; the intelligent control unit includes an intelligent ignition control module, a piston displacement tracking injection control module, an in-cylinder pressure feedback control module and an emission monitoring and control module; The fuel component detection and adjustment module is used to detect the components and calorific value of the mixed fuel in real time, and dynamically adjust the flow ratio of natural gas and hydrogen by controlling the valve according to the detection results to optimize the fuel composition; The hydrogen premixing control module is based on a mixing chamber arranged in the intake passage, and adjusts and optimizes the ratio of premixed air and hydrogen by controlling the flow rate of hydrogen in the mixing chamber; the output end of the fuel component detection and adjustment module is connected to the input end of the hydrogen premixing control module; The intelligent ignition control module is used to integrate and analyze sensor signals, autonomously optimize the ignition timing, and send the optimized ignition timing instructions to the ignition system for execution; the piston displacement tracking injection control module tracks the piston movement position in real time based on the set displacement sensor, and controls the injection timing and injection amount of each nozzle according to the piston displacement; the in-cylinder pressure feedback control module is used to obtain and analyze real-time pressure waveform signals, evaluate the current combustion state, and adjust the ignition timing and fuel supply; the emission monitoring and control module is used to monitor the emission concentration in real time, and when the emission exceeds the standard, the control instruction to optimize the combustion parameters will be issued.

2. A megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas turbine control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel component detection and adjustment module measures the fuel component percentage through an analyzer, calculates the total calorific value of the mixed fuel based on the fuel components and the calorific value of each component, and transmits the detection data to the emission monitoring and control module in real time; The intelligent control unit calculates the required flow ratio based on the detected fuel composition and the set fuel composition target value, and sends corresponding opening adjustment instructions to the flow control valves installed on the natural gas and hydrogen supply pipelines to dynamically adjust the flow of each gas.

3. A megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The required flow ratio is calculated as follows: F re =f(C de ,C ta ); Among them, F re is the required flow ratio; f is a nonlinear function; C de is the detected fuel component; C ta The target fuel component.

4. A megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The specific control process of the piston displacement tracking injection control module is as follows: 1) The mapping relationship between displacement value and crank angle is established by introducing the cubic spline interpolation method, and is embedded in the piston displacement tracking injection control module to calculate the crank angle value in real time; 2) According to the crank angle and the in-cylinder parameters, the injection timing of each nozzle is optimized to form the best injection timing curve; 3) A PWM drive circuit is configured for each nozzle separately, and nozzle opening and closing control pulses are issued according to the calculated ideal injection timing. Each nozzle can achieve independent timing and duration control.

5. A megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The process of optimizing the injection timing of each nozzle is as follows: Given the piston displacement S, the formula for calculating the crank angle θ is as follows: S=r×(1-cosθ+λ / (4×(1-cos2θ))); Where r is the crank radius; λ is the connecting rod ratio; The current pressure is obtained through the in-cylinder pressure sensor; the heat release rate curve is calculated according to the spark ignition theoretical combustion model; the expected calorific value of each segment is calculated according to the heat release rate curve before the end of single nozzle injection, and the total fuel supply is distributed to each nozzle according to the corresponding calorific value ratio.

6. A megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The spark ignition theoretical combustion model is: Where Qr is the released heat; γ is the specific heat ratio; V is the current volume; the combustion start angle θ0 corresponds to the continuous increase of dQr / dθ; the combustion end angle θ end The corresponding dQr / dθ drops to zero; According to the spark ignition theory combustion model, the process of calculating the heat release rate curve is as follows: The advance injection angle θ inj，start Earlier than θ0, the formula is as follows: i inj，start =θ0-Δθ pre ; Among them, Δθ pre is the advance angle; Make the single nozzle spray end angle θ inj，end Near θ end , the formula is as follows: i inj，end =θ end +Δθ over ; Among them, Δθ over It is the super spray angle.

7. A megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed combustion engine control system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The specific control process of the cylinder pressure feedback control module is as follows: 1) Analyze the pressure waveform of a single working cycle and extract the characteristic value; 2) Constructing a diagnostic model, inputting the extracted pressure waveform features into the diagnostic model, and the diagnostic model evaluates the current index based on the pressure waveform features; 3) If the evaluation result is consistent with the expected combustion state, the ignition timing is considered reasonable; otherwise, the ignition timing needs to be adjusted to improve the combustion effect.

8. A megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas engine control method based on a megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed gas engine control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Detect fuel composition and make dynamic adjustments through the fuel composition detection and adjustment module in the fuel management unit; S2, optimizing the ignition timing through the intelligent ignition control module in the intelligent control unit; S3, through the piston displacement tracking injection control module in the intelligent control unit, using the displacement sensor to track the piston movement in real time, and dynamically adjusting each injection time and injection amount based on the piston displacement; S4, through the cylinder pressure feedback control module in the intelligent control unit, the cylinder pressure signal is obtained in real time, the pressure waveform is analyzed, and the ignition timing and fuel supply are adjusted by feedback; S5, premixing appropriate amounts of hydrogen and air in the intake duct through the hydrogen premixing control module in the fuel management unit to optimize the premixing ratio; S6. Through the emission monitoring and control module in the intelligent control unit, pollutants in the exhaust gas are monitored in real time, and combustion parameters are adjusted based on the monitoring results to reduce emissions.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed fuel engine control method according to claim 8 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the megawatt-class hydrogen-mixed fuel engine control method according to claim 8 are implemented.

Images