Waste gas denitration device and waste gas denitration method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a waste gas denitration device and a waste gas denitration method, and belongs to the technical field of waste gas denitration. A waste gas denitration device comprises: a frame, a smoke inlet pipe and a spray pump are fixedly arranged on the frame, the spray pump is connected with a delivery pipe, and also comprises: a storage shell, which is connected with the delivery pipe, a spray shell is rotatably arranged outside the storage shell, a rotating blade is fixedly connected with the side wall of the spray shell, and a spray pipe is fixedly connected with the rotating blade; a connecting pipe, which is fixedly arranged at the connection point between the spray shell and the spray pipe, a moving block is horizontally slidably arranged in the connecting pipe, a moving rod is fixedly connected with one side of the moving block, and a reset spring is sleeved on the moving rod; a reaction shell, which is connected with the smoke inlet pipe, and a smoke exhaust pipe is fixedly connected with the bottom of the reaction shell. The present invention has the effect of adjusting the amount of ammonia water according to the amount of smoke and improving the denitration efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas denitration, and in particular to a waste gas denitration device and a waste gas denitration method. Background Art

[0002] Waste gas refers to the gas containing pollutants in industrial production or other activities. These pollutants may include harmful gases, particulate matter, heavy metals, odor, etc. The emission of waste gas will cause harm to the environment and human health. In order to reduce the impact of waste gas on the environment, many industrial enterprises have taken control and governance measures, such as installing waste gas treatment equipment, adopting clean production technology, and strengthening emission supervision. Waste gas denitrification refers to the process of removing nitrogen oxides from waste gas by chemical or physical methods. Nitrogen oxides are common pollutants in industrial production and combustion processes, which are harmful to the environment and human health.

[0003] At present, the waste gas is treated by wet denitration and dry denitration. The dry denitration technology uses ammonia water to generate ammonia gas at high temperature and mix it with the waste gas, and under the action of a catalyst, the nitrogen oxides in the waste gas are reduced to nitrogen and water. Referring to the Chinese patent document with the authorization announcement number CN116637503B, it discloses a flue gas denitration mixing device, including a denitration chamber, an air intake pipe, a pump body, a liquid infusion pipe 1 and a guide component. The flue gas enters the denitration chamber through the air intake pipe, and then the pump body allows the ammonia water to enter the denitration chamber through the liquid infusion pipe 1, and then the ammonia gas is mixed with the flue gas through the guide component.

[0004] With respect to the above-mentioned related technologies, the flue gas entering the air intake pipe is mixed with the ammonia water entering through the infusion tube 1 in the denitrification chamber, but the amount of flue gas entering the air intake pipe is uncertain. When too much ammonia water enters through the infusion tube 1, the excess ammonia gas will be discharged together with the exhaust gas, thereby causing air pollution. When less ammonia water enters through the infusion tube 1, the quality of exhaust gas denitrification will be poor, which will also cause air pollution. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of pollution caused by excess ammonia gas when the amount of ammonia water sprayed is too large or too small, the present invention provides a waste gas denitrification device and a waste gas denitrification method.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a waste gas denitrification device and a waste gas denitrification method, comprising a frame, on which a smoke inlet pipe and a spray pump are fixedly arranged, and the spray pump is connected to a delivery pipe, and also comprises: a storage shell, which is connected to the delivery pipe, and a spray shell is rotatably arranged outside the storage shell, and a rotating blade is fixedly connected to the side wall of the spray shell, and a spray pipe is fixedly connected to the rotating blade; a connecting pipe, which is fixedly arranged at the connection point between the spray shell and the spray pipe, and a moving block is horizontally slidably arranged in the connecting pipe, and when the spray shell rotates, the moving block can be moved in a direction away from the spray shell, and a moving rod is fixedly connected to one side of the moving block, and a return spring for making the moving block block block the connecting pipe is sleeved on the moving rod; a reaction shell, which is connected to the smoke inlet pipe, and a smoke exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction shell.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to denitrate the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas that needs to be denitrated is first introduced into the smoke inlet pipe, and then ammonia water is introduced into the delivery pipe through the spray pump. The ammonia water enters the smoke inlet pipe through the storage shell, the spray shell and the spray pipe. The exhaust gas introduction can drive the rotating blades to rotate, and the rotating blades drive the spray shell to rotate together. As the spray shell rotates, the moving block moves away from the center of the spray shell under the action of centrifugal force. When the rotation speed of the spray shell increases, the moving distance of the moving block increases accordingly, thereby increasing the distance between the moving block and the connecting pipe, and increasing The amount of ammonia water added entering the connecting pipe can determine the rotation speed of the rotating blades according to the amount of exhaust gas introduced. When the speed of the rotating blades increases, the channel of the connecting pipe increases, thereby increasing the amount of ammonia water entering. The amount of ammonia water sprayed can be determined according to the amount of exhaust gas introduced, thereby improving the waste gas treatment efficiency and reducing the impact of excessive ammonia water on the environment. After ammonia water is sprayed into the smoke inlet pipe, it turns into ammonia gas due to the high temperature and mixes with the exhaust gas. Then the ammonia gas and the exhaust gas enter the reaction shell, pass through the rectifier, and react with multiple catalyst layers. Finally, the denitrified exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe.

[0008] Optionally, a mixing mechanism for improving the uniformity of mixing ammonia and exhaust gas is provided in the smoke inlet duct.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the mixing mechanism can improve the uniformity of the mixing of ammonia and exhaust gas, which is beneficial to improving the denitrification efficiency of the exhaust gas.

[0010] Optionally, the mixing mechanism includes an hourglass tube rotatably arranged in the smoke inlet pipe, the inner wall of the hourglass tube is provided with a stirring blade, the top of the hourglass tube is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged first bevel gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with a vertically arranged second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is meshed with a third bevel gear arranged parallel to the first bevel gear, and the top of the third bevel gear is fixedly connected to a spoiler.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, when it is necessary to improve the uniformity of mixing of ammonia and exhaust gas, first the ammonia and exhaust gas enter the hourglass tube, and then the flow rate will increase after entering the narrower end of the hourglass tube from the wider end of the hourglass tube, and then diffuse upward and around after passing through the wider end of the hourglass tube. The mixed exhaust gas will be blocked by the spoiler plate upward, and the mixed exhaust gas can drive the hourglass tube and the spoiler plate to rotate, forming a spoiler area between the spoiler plate and the hourglass tube, thereby increasing the contact time and contact area between ammonia and exhaust gas, and improving the uniformity of mixing of ammonia and exhaust gas.

[0012] Optionally, the outer side wall of the hourglass tube is provided with a deceleration mechanism for slowing down the rotation speed of the hourglass tube.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the setting of the deceleration mechanism can reduce the rotation speed of the hourglass pipe, thereby reducing the flow speed of the exhaust gas in the hourglass pipe, which is conducive to better mixing of ammonia and exhaust gas and improving treatment efficiency.

[0014] Optionally, the deceleration mechanism includes a connecting tube fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hourglass tube, a push rod is horizontally slidably arranged in the connecting block, one end of the push rod close to the smoke inlet pipe is fixedly connected to a friction block, and the end of the push rod away from the hourglass tube is fixedly connected to a shock-absorbing spring.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the friction block contacts the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe, and the friction between the friction block and the smoke inlet pipe can be increased when the hourglass tube rotates, thereby reducing the rotation speed of the hourglass tube.

[0016] Optionally, guide vanes are provided in the smoke inlet duct.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the arrangement of the guide vanes can guide the flow of ammonia and exhaust gas and improve the uniformity of the mixing of ammonia and exhaust gas.

[0018] Optionally, a rectifier and a plurality of catalyst layers are arranged in the reaction shell.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a waste gas denitration method, which is used in a waste gas denitration device in the first aspect, and the method is:

[0020] S1, exhaust gas is introduced into the smoke inlet pipe and the rotating blade is blown to drive the spray shell to rotate, and then ammonia water is sprayed out through the conveying pipe, the storage shell, the spray shell and the spray hole, and is converted into ammonia gas and mixed with the exhaust gas at high temperature;

[0021] S2, the exhaust gas and ammonia then rise to the hourglass tube and drive the hourglass tube to rotate, and then the exhaust gas and ammonia begin to disperse when they leave the hourglass tube, and are disturbed by the spoiler, and then the mixed ammonia and exhaust gas are introduced into the reaction shell through the guide vane;

[0022] S3, the ammonia and the waste gas then enter the reaction shell to react, and finally the purified waste gas is discharged through the smoke exhaust pipe.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the amount of ammonia water sprayed is matched according to the amount of waste gas, which is beneficial to improving the denitrification efficiency of the waste gas.

[0024] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. When too much exhaust gas is introduced, the amount of ammonia water sprayed can be increased by moving the moving block to mix the exhaust gas. When too little exhaust gas is introduced, the amount of ammonia water sprayed can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of excessive ammonia water spraying and polluting the air;

[0026] 2. Ammonia and exhaust gas diffuse to the surrounding through the hourglass tube and then pass through the turbulence tube for turbulence, thereby increasing the contact time and contact area between ammonia and flue gas, improving the uniformity of mixing of ammonia and flue gas, and thus improving the denitrification efficiency;

[0027] 3. Ammonia and exhaust gas can improve the mixing of the two by passing through the guide vanes, and then react with the catalyst layer through the rectifier, thereby reducing the probability of exhaust gas passing through the center of the catalyst layer and improving the utilization rate of the catalyst layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the interior of the smoke inlet pipe and the interior of the reaction shell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray housing and the delivery pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a storage shell and a connecting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle area A;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a moving block and a return spring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle area B;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the speed reduction mechanism and the shifting blades according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of a spoiler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. frame; 11. smoke inlet pipe; 2. spray pump; 21. conveying pipe; 22. storage shell; 23. spray shell; 24. rotating blade; 25. spray pipe; 26. connecting pipe; 27. moving block; 271. moving rod; 272. reset spring; 3. reaction shell; 31. rectifier; 32. catalyst layer; 4. smoke exhaust pipe; 5. mixing mechanism; 51. hourglass pipe; 52. toggle blade; 53. connecting rod; 54. first bevel gear; 55. second bevel gear; 56. third bevel gear; 57. spoiler; 6. speed reduction mechanism; 61. connecting pipe; 62. push rod; 63. friction block; 64. shock-absorbing spring; 7. guide blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1-Figure 9 , the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a waste gas denitration device, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A waste gas denitrification device includes a frame 1 erected on a horizontal plane, a smoke inlet pipe 11 for entering the waste gas is fixedly arranged on the frame 1, a support frame is fixedly connected to the frame 1, a spray pump 2 is fixedly installed on the support frame, a delivery pipe 21 for delivering ammonia water into the smoke inlet pipe 11 is arranged on the spray pump 2, an end of the delivery pipe 21 away from the spray pump 2 is connected to a storage shell 22, a spray shell 23 is rotatably arranged outside the storage shell 22, a plurality of rotating blades 24 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the spray shell 23, each rotating blade 24 is fixedly connected to a spray pipe 25 connected to the inside of the spray shell 23, the smoke inlet pipe 11 is connected to a reaction shell 3, a rectifier 31 is arranged in the reaction shell 3, a plurality of catalyst layers 32 are arranged below the rectifier 31, and a smoke exhaust pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction shell 3.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A connecting pipe 26 is fixedly provided at the connection point between the spray housing 23 and the spray pipe 25. A moving block 27 is horizontally slidably provided in the connecting pipe 26. A moving rod 271 is fixedly connected to one side of the moving block 27. A return spring 272 is sleeved on the moving rod 271.

[0041] When it is necessary to denitrate the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas to be denitrated is first introduced into the smoke inlet pipe 11, and then ammonia water is introduced into the delivery pipe 21 through the spray pump 2. The ammonia water enters the smoke inlet pipe 11 through the storage shell 22, the spray shell 23 and the spray pipe 25. The exhaust gas introduction can drive the rotating blades 24 to rotate, and the rotating blades 24 drive the spray shell 23 to rotate together. As the spray shell 23 rotates, the moving block 27 moves away from the center of the spray shell 23 under the action of centrifugal force. When the rotation speed of the spray shell 23 increases, the moving distance of the moving block 27 increases accordingly, thereby increasing the distance between the moving block 27 and the connecting pipe 26. , and increases the amount of ammonia water entering the connecting pipe 26. The rotation speed of the rotating blade 24 can be determined according to the amount of exhaust gas introduced. When the speed of the rotating blade 24 increases, the channel of the connecting pipe 26 increases, so that the amount of ammonia water entering will also increase. The amount of ammonia water sprayed can be determined according to the amount of exhaust gas introduced, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the exhaust gas and reducing the impact of excessive ammonia water on the environment. After the ammonia water is sprayed into the smoke inlet pipe 11, it becomes ammonia gas due to the high temperature and mixes with the exhaust gas. Then the ammonia gas and the exhaust gas enter the reaction shell 3, pass through the rectifier 31, and react with multiple catalyst layers 32. Finally, the denitrified exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 4.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 A mixing mechanism 5 for improving the uniformity of mixing ammonia and exhaust gas is provided in the smoke inlet duct 11.

[0043] Reference Figure 1, Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The mixing mechanism 5 includes an hourglass tube 51 rotatably arranged in the smoke inlet pipe 11, and a stirring blade 52 is provided on the inner wall of the hourglass tube 51. A connecting rod 53 is fixedly connected to the top of the hourglass tube 51, and a horizontally arranged first bevel gear 54 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting rod 53. The first bevel gear 54 is meshed with a vertically arranged second bevel gear 55, and the second bevel gear 55 is meshed with a third bevel gear 56 arranged parallel to the first bevel gear 54. A spoiler 57 is fixedly connected to the top of the third bevel gear 56.

[0044] When it is necessary to improve the uniformity of mixing of ammonia and exhaust gas, firstly, ammonia and exhaust gas enter into the hourglass tube 51, and then the flow velocity will increase after entering from the wider end of the hourglass tube 51 to the narrower end of the hourglass tube 51, and then diffuse upward and around after passing through the wider end of the hourglass tube 51, and the mixed exhaust gas will be blocked by the spoiler 57 upward, and the mixed exhaust gas can drive the hourglass tube 51 and the spoiler 57 to rotate, forming a turbulence area between the spoiler 57 and the hourglass tube 51, thereby increasing the contact time and contact area between ammonia and exhaust gas, and improving the uniformity of mixing of ammonia and exhaust gas.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 A speed reduction mechanism 6 for reducing the rotation speed of the hourglass tube 51 is disposed on the outer side wall of the hourglass tube 51 .

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 8 The speed reduction mechanism 6 includes a connecting tube 61 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hourglass tube 51, a push rod 62 is horizontally slidably arranged in the connecting tube 61, a friction block 63 is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod 62 close to the smoke inlet pipe 11, and a damping spring 64 is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod 62 away from the hourglass tube 51. The friction block 63 contacts the inner wall of the smoke inlet pipe 11, and when the hourglass tube 51 rotates, the friction between the friction block 63 and the smoke inlet pipe 11 can be increased, thereby reducing the rotation speed of the hourglass tube 51.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A guide vane 7 is fixedly arranged in the smoke inlet duct 11, and the exhaust gas passing through the guide plate enters the reaction shell 3 through the guide vane 7. The setting of the guide vane 7 can guide the flow of ammonia and exhaust gas and improve the uniformity of mixing of ammonia and exhaust gas.

[0048] The implementation principle of the exhaust gas denitrification device of the present invention is: first, the exhaust gas is introduced into the smoke inlet pipe 11, and then ammonia water is sprayed into the smoke inlet pipe 11 through the spray pump 2. The ammonia water forms ammonia gas and mixes with the exhaust gas at high temperature. The ammonia gas and the exhaust gas enter the hourglass tube 51 and drive the hourglass tube 51 to rotate. The ammonia gas and the exhaust gas diffuse to the surrounding after passing through the hourglass tube 51. When the hourglass tube 51 rotates, it drives the spoiler 57 to rotate. The ammonia gas and the exhaust gas will be blocked by the spoiler 57 and mixed. Then the mixed exhaust gas enters the reaction shell 3 through the guide vane 7, and then the mixed exhaust gas passes through the rectifier 31 and passes through multiple catalyst layers 32 for reaction. Finally, the denitrified exhaust gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 4.

[0049] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a waste gas denitration method, which is used in a waste gas denitration device in the first aspect, and the method is:

[0050] S1, exhaust gas is introduced into the smoke inlet pipe 11 and the rotating blades 24 are blown to drive the spray shell 23 to rotate, and then the ammonia water is sprayed out through the conveying pipe 21, the storage shell 22, the spray shell 23 and the spray hole, and is converted into ammonia gas and mixed with the exhaust gas at high temperature;

[0051] S2, the exhaust gas and ammonia then rise to the hourglass tube 51 and drive the hourglass tube 51 to rotate, and then the exhaust gas and ammonia begin to disperse when they leave the hourglass tube 51, and are disturbed by the spoiler 57, and then the mixed ammonia and exhaust gas are introduced into the reaction shell 3 through the guide blade 7;

[0052] S3, the ammonia and the waste gas then enter the reaction shell 3 to react, and finally the purified waste gas is discharged through the smoke exhaust pipe 4.

[0053] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas denitrification device, comprising a frame, on which a smoke inlet pipe and a spray pump are fixedly arranged, and the spray pump is connected to a delivery pipe, characterized in that: Also includes: A storage shell is connected to the delivery pipeline, a spray shell is rotatably arranged outside the storage shell, a rotating blade is fixedly connected to the side wall of the spray shell, and a spray pipe is fixedly connected to the rotating blade; A connecting pipe is fixedly arranged at the connection point between the spray housing and the spray pipe, a moving block is horizontally slidably arranged in the connecting pipe, and when the spray housing rotates, the moving block can be moved in a direction away from the spray housing, a moving rod is fixedly connected to one side of the moving block, and a return spring is sleeved on the moving rod for making the moving block block the connecting pipe; A reaction shell is connected to the smoke inlet pipe, and a smoke exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reaction shell; A mixing mechanism for improving the uniformity of mixing ammonia and exhaust gas is arranged in the smoke inlet pipe; the mixing mechanism includes an hourglass tube rotatably arranged in the smoke inlet pipe, the inner wall of the hourglass tube is provided with a stirring blade, the top of the hourglass tube is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged first bevel gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with a vertically arranged second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is meshed with a third bevel gear arranged parallel to the first bevel gear, and the top of the third bevel gear is fixedly connected to a spoiler.

2. The exhaust gas denitration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the hourglass tube is provided with a speed reduction mechanism for reducing the rotation speed of the hourglass tube.

3. The exhaust gas denitration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deceleration mechanism includes a connecting tube fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hourglass tube, a push rod is horizontally slidably arranged in the connecting tube, a friction block is fixedly connected to one end of the push rod close to the smoke inlet pipe, and a shock-absorbing spring is fixedly connected to one end of the push rod away from the hourglass tube.

4. The exhaust gas denitration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The smoke inlet duct is provided with guide vanes.

5. The exhaust gas denitration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rectifier and a plurality of catalyst layers are arranged in the reaction shell.

6. A method for denitrification of waste gas, characterized in that: The method used in the exhaust gas denitration device according to claim 4 is as follows: S1, exhaust gas is introduced into the smoke inlet pipe and the rotating blade is blown to drive the spray shell to rotate, and then ammonia water is sprayed out through the conveying pipe, the storage shell, the spray shell and the spray hole, and is converted into ammonia gas and mixed with the exhaust gas at high temperature; S2, the exhaust gas and ammonia then rise to the hourglass tube and drive the hourglass tube to rotate, and then the exhaust gas and ammonia begin to disperse when they leave the hourglass tube, and are disturbed by the spoiler, and then the mixed ammonia and exhaust gas are introduced into the reaction shell through the guide vane; S3, the ammonia and the waste gas then enter the reaction shell to react, and finally the purified waste gas is discharged through the smoke exhaust pipe.

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