A kind of advance support equipment for underground tunnel excavation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel support technology, and in particular to an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation. In view of the fact that the supporting device in the prior art cannot clean the ground, an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation is provided, comprising two inner beams and two outer beams, wherein a plurality of movable telescopic rods are arranged on the inner sides of the two inner beams, a plurality of longitudinal beams are arranged on the upper ends of the inner beams and the outer beams respectively, telescopic legs are arranged on both sides of the lower ends of the inner beams and the outer beams respectively, and support devices are arranged at the lower ends of the telescopic legs respectively, and the support devices respectively support the legs, and cleaning impellers are arranged at the lower ends of the support legs respectively, and a plurality of cleaning plates are also arranged at the lower ends of the support legs respectively, and when the support legs move downward, a structure in which the cleaning impellers rotate and the cleaning plates move outwards is formed; when the support devices reach the designated position, the ground can be cleaned, so that the support device support is more stable and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation. Background Art

[0002] Advance support for tunnel excavation is carried out before mining underground mineral deposits, according to the reasonable layout of the mining area tunnels. When supporting the tunnel excavation, usually a support frame is set up manually. Although there are movable support devices in the prior art, there are still certain inconveniences in actual use. For example, the publication number is: CN217841709U, and the name is: a step-type self-moving excavation support device. Although it solves the problem of automatic movement and direction adjustment, after the support device reaches the designated position, if the ground is uneven, it is still necessary to manually clean the ground. For this reason, an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation is designed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the fact that the supporting device in the prior art cannot clean the ground, the present invention provides an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation. The supporting device can clean the ground when reaching the specified position, making the support of the supporting device more stable and reliable, effectively solving the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] An advance support device for underground tunnel excavation comprises two inner cross beams and two outer cross beams, wherein a plurality of movable telescopic rods are arranged on the inner sides of the two inner cross beams, a plurality of longitudinal beams are arranged on the upper ends of the inner cross beams and the outer cross beams respectively, telescopic legs are arranged on both sides of the lower ends of the inner cross beams and the outer cross beams respectively, support devices are arranged on the lower ends of the telescopic legs respectively, the support devices respectively support legs, cleaning impellers are arranged on the lower ends of the support legs respectively, and a plurality of cleaning plates are also arranged on the lower ends of the support legs respectively, and when the support legs move downward, a structure in which the cleaning impellers rotate and the cleaning plates move outwards is formed.

[0006] The inner walls of the support legs are respectively slidably connected to the limiting sleeves, the inner walls of the limiting sleeves are respectively rotatably connected to the spiral rods, the cleaning impellers are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding lower end surfaces of the spiral rods, and the inner walls of the lower ends of the support legs are respectively fixedly connected to the spiral cylinders matching the spiral rods.

[0007] The lower end surfaces of the support legs are respectively fixed with expansion pads, the inner walls of the lower ends of the expansion pads are respectively provided with placement grooves that cooperate with the cleaning impellers, the inner walls of the cleaning impellers are respectively slidably connected with four evenly distributed expansion plates, the inner walls of the cleaning impellers are also respectively fixed with small tension springs that cooperate with the expansion plates, and the outer ends of the expansion plates are respectively fixed with counterweights.

[0008] The upper ends of the outer surface of the spiral cylinder are fixedly connected with baffles, the middle parts of the outer surface of the spiral cylinder are slidably connected with discs, the lower end surfaces of the discs are respectively hinged with four evenly distributed short connecting rods, the outer surface of the spiral cylinder is respectively hinged with four evenly distributed long connecting rods, the cleaning plates are respectively hinged at the lower ends of the corresponding long connecting rods, and the lower ends of the short connecting rods are respectively hinged to the corresponding long connecting rods.

[0009] The lower end surfaces of the blocking seats are respectively fixed with first springs, the lower ends of the first springs are respectively fixed with corresponding discs, the upper end surfaces of the blocking seats are respectively fixed with first tension springs, the upper ends of the first tension springs are respectively fixed with corresponding limit sleeves.

[0010] The inner walls at the front and rear ends of the longitudinal beam are respectively provided with protective devices, which respectively include anti-fall cloth. A top plate which can move up and down is provided at the upper end of the longitudinal beam. When the top plate moves downward, it can form a structure in which the anti-fall cloth is unfolded outward. When the top plate moves upward, it can form a structure in which the anti-fall cloth is closed inwardly and flipped downward.

[0011] The protective device also includes two circular ring sleeves, which are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the left and right ends of the corresponding longitudinal beams. The inner walls of the two circular ring sleeves are rotatably connected to a reel. One end of the anti-fall cloth is respectively fixed to the outer surface of the corresponding reel, and the other end of the anti-fall cloth is respectively fixed to a movable pull plate. The inner walls of the circular ring sleeves are also respectively provided with coil springs that cooperate with the reel.

[0012] The front and rear sides of the inner wall at the lower end of the longitudinal beam are respectively hinged with reversible side panels, and the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the side panel are respectively provided with telescopic frames, the telescopic frames have a first end point, a second end point, a third end point and a fourth end point, the first end points of the telescopic frames are respectively hinged on the lower end surface of the side panel, the second end points of the telescopic frames are respectively hinged on the lower end surface of the pull plate, the third end points of the telescopic frames are respectively slidably connected to the lower end surface of the pull plate, and movable driving pins are also respectively slidably connected to the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the side panel, and the fourth end points are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding inner walls of the driving pins.

[0013] The left and right sides of the inner wall at the lower end of the longitudinal beam are also slidably connected with a movable track plate, and the front and rear sides of the lower end surface of the track plate are respectively fixed with arc guide rails matching with the driving pins, and the left and right sides of the inner wall at the lower end of the longitudinal beam are also fixedly connected with a U-shaped seat, and the inner walls at the front and rear ends of the U-shaped seat are respectively slidably connected with a movable square box, and the lower end surface of the square box is respectively hinged with a small connecting rod inclined toward the outer side of the lower end, and the outer ends of the small connecting rods are respectively hinged to the corresponding side panels.

[0014] The inner walls of the square box are respectively slidably connected with the first sliding pins, the inner walls of the bottom ends of the square box are respectively fixed with third springs matched with the first sliding pins, and the track plates are respectively provided with track grooves matched with the first sliding pins, the track grooves include a long vertical groove, a first oblique groove, a short vertical groove and a second oblique groove, when the two track plates move inwardly, the two first sliding pins and the square box are at rest at the outermost ends under the meshing of the first sliding pin and the long vertical groove, and when the two track plates move outwardly, the first sliding pin and the first oblique groove can be meshed to make the The first sliding pin and the square box move inwardly, and when the first sliding pin enters the inner wall of the short vertical groove, the square box can be stationary at the innermost end, and when the first sliding pin enters the inner wall of the second inclined groove, the square box can move outwardly; the inner walls at the left and right ends of the longitudinal beam are slidably connected with L-shaped rods, and the top plates are respectively fixed to the upper end surfaces of the two corresponding L-shaped rods, and the inner walls at the lower ends of the L-shaped rods are respectively fixed with long pins, and the outer end surfaces of the two track plates are respectively fixed with guide plates on the front and rear sides, and the guide plates are respectively provided with oblique key grooves matching the long pins.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] When in use, after the first moving device reaches the specified position, the telescopic legs are unfolded and extended again, and the supporting device moves downward. When the supporting device and the supporting legs move downward, the cleaning impeller, the cleaning plate, etc. can move downward synchronously. When the cleaning impeller moves to contact the ground, the supporting legs continue to move downward and no longer drive the cleaning impeller to move downward. The cleaning impeller will rotate at this time, and can clean the stones and other impurities directly under the supporting legs to the periphery. When the cleaning plate moves downward and contacts the ground, the supporting legs continue to move downward to move the cleaning plate outward. The outward movement of the cleaning plate can scrape and push the impurities under the supporting legs to the periphery, so that the supporting legs can contact the smooth ground and provide more stable support. When the supporting legs contact the ground, the telescopic legs continue to extend, which can move the top plate upward so that the top plate contacts the top wall of the tunnel again for support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a first axonometric diagram of an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a second axonometric diagram of an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of a support pad for an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation.

[0020] Figure 4 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of the support legs of an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation.

[0021] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the sweeping plate of an underground tunnel excavation advance support device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of a spiral rod of an underground tunnel excavation advance support device.

[0023] Figure 7 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a cleaning impeller of an underground tunnel excavation advance support device.

[0024] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of a cleaning plate of an underground tunnel excavation advance support device.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the closing and retracting of a sweeping plate of an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation according to the present invention.

[0026] Fig.10 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a longitudinal beam of an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation.

[0027] Fig.11 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of a telescopic frame of an underground tunnel excavation advance support device.

[0028] Fig.12 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of an anti-falling cloth for an underground tunnel excavation advance support device.

[0029] Fig.13 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the installation of an arc guide rail of an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation.

[0030] Fig.14 It is a square box cross-sectional view of an underground tunnel excavation advance support device of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.15 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the track plate structure of an underground tunnel excavation advance support device.

[0032] Fig.16 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the first wedge pad structure of an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation.

[0033] Numbers in the figure: 1-telescopic leg, 2-first inner crossbeam, 3-longitudinal beam, 4-support pad, 5-movable telescopic rod, 6-support leg, 7-limit sleeve, 8-spiral rod, 9-first tension spring, 10-spiral cylinder, 11-cleaning impeller, 12-expansion sweeping plate, 13-small tension spring, 14-counterweight, 15-expansion pad, 16-block seat, 17-first spring, 18-disc, 19-short connecting rod, 20-long connecting rod, 21-cleaning plate, 22-tooth groove, 23-top plate, 24-circular sleeve, 25-reel, 26-coil spring, 27-anti-fall cloth, 28-pull plate, 29-side plate, 30-telescopic frame, 31-L-shaped rod, 32-second tension spring, 33- Long pin, 34-guide plate, 35-oblique key groove, 36-track plate, 37-arc guide rail, 38-driving pin, 39-small slider, 40-U-shaped seat, 41-square box, 42-small connecting rod, 43-third spring, 44-first sliding pin, 45-long vertical groove, 46-first oblique groove, 47-short vertical groove, 48-second oblique groove, 49-first wedge pad, 50-second wedge pad, 51-first inclined surface, 52-first straight surface, 53-second inclined surface, 54-second straight surface, 55-first outer beam, 56-second inner beam, 57-second outer beam, 58-first endpoint, 59-second endpoint, 60-third endpoint, 61-fourth endpoint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0035] like Figure 1-Figure 16 As shown, the present invention provides an advance support device for underground tunnel excavation, including two inner beams and two outer beams, a plurality of movable telescopic rods 5 are arranged on the inner sides of the two inner beams, a plurality of longitudinal beams 3 are respectively arranged on the upper ends of the inner beams and the outer beams, telescopic legs 1 are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower ends of the inner beams and the outer beams, supporting devices are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the telescopic legs 1, the supporting devices respectively support legs 6, cleaning impellers 11 are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the supporting legs 6, and a plurality of cleaning plates 21 are also respectively arranged at the lower ends of the supporting legs 6, when the supporting legs 6 move downward, a structure in which the cleaning impellers 11 rotate and the cleaning plates 21 move outwards is formed.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the two inner beams are Figure 2The first inner crossbeam 2 and the second inner crossbeam 56 are shown, and the two outer crossbeams are the first outer crossbeam 55 and the second outer crossbeam 57. The lower end surface of the longitudinal beam 3 is provided with two support pads 4, and the support pads 4 are fixedly connected to the corresponding inner crossbeams and outer crossbeams. Through the provided support pads 4, a certain distance is provided between the longitudinal beam 3 and the crossbeam; the telescopic leg 1 can be telescoped up and down, and the telescopic leg 1 can be a hydraulic rod or an electric rod, which supports the longitudinal beam 3 so that the longitudinal beam 3 contacts the inner wall of the top of the tunnel to play a supporting role. The telescopic leg 1 is a prior art and will not be repeated; the first inner crossbeam 2 and the first outer crossbeam The beam 55 and the corresponding telescopic legs 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 form a first moving device, and the second inner beam 56, the second outer beam 57 and the corresponding telescopic legs 1 and the longitudinal beam 3 form a second moving device. When the first moving device moves, the corresponding telescopic legs 1 at the lower ends of the first inner beam 2 and the first outer beam 55 are retracted inward, and the supporting device is separated from the contact with the ground. The corresponding longitudinal beam 3 is at a certain distance from the beam under the setting of the support pad 4, and the longitudinal beam 3 will fall a distance under its own gravity. When the longitudinal beam 3 falls, it is separated from the top wall of the tunnel. At this time, the first moving device The supporting device is out of contact with the ground and the top wall of the longitudinal beam 3 is out of contact. When the telescopic rod 5 is moved and extended, the first moving device can be driven to reach the specified position. After the first moving device reaches the specified position, the telescopic leg 1 is unfolded and extended again, and the supporting device moves downward. When the supporting device and the supporting leg 6 move downward, the cleaning impeller 11, the cleaning plate 21, etc. can be moved downward synchronously. When the cleaning impeller 11 moves to contact the ground, the supporting leg 6 continues to move downward and no longer drives the cleaning impeller 11 to move downward. At this time, the cleaning impeller 11 It can rotate and clean the stones and other impurities directly under the supporting leg 6 to the periphery. When the cleaning plate 21 moves downward to touch the ground, the supporting leg 6 continues to move downward, which will cause the cleaning plate 21 to move outward. The outward movement of the cleaning plate 21 can clean the impurities under the supporting leg 6 and push them to the periphery, so that the supporting leg 6 can touch the smooth ground and provide more stable support. When the supporting leg 6 touches the ground and the telescopic leg 1 continues to extend, the top plate 23 can move upward, so that the top plate 23 can touch the top wall of the tunnel again for support.

[0037] The inner walls of the support legs 6 are slidably connected to the limiting sleeves 7, the inner walls of the limiting sleeves 7 are rotatably connected to the screw rods 8, the cleaning impellers 11 are fixedly connected to the corresponding lower end surfaces of the screw rods 8, and the inner walls of the lower ends of the support legs 6 are fixedly connected to the screw cylinders 10 that match the screw rods 8.

[0038] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the limiting sleeve 7 can be slidably connected to the inner wall of the supporting leg 6 up and down, and the limiting sleeve 7 can limit the spiral rod 8 to only move up and down and rotate. Through the cooperation of the threaded barrel and the threaded rod, when the spiral rod 8 moves on the inner wall of the spiral barrel 10, it can rotate, thereby driving the cleaning impeller 11 to rotate.

[0039] The lower end surfaces of the support legs 6 are respectively fixed with expansion pads 15, and the inner walls of the lower ends of the expansion pads 15 are respectively provided with placement grooves that match the cleaning impeller 11. The inner walls of the cleaning impeller 11 are respectively slidably connected with four evenly distributed expansion plates 12. The inner walls of the cleaning impeller 11 are also respectively fixed with small tension springs 13 that match the expansion plates 12, and the outer ends of the expansion plates 12 are respectively fixed with counterweight blocks 14.

[0040] like Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the sweeping plate 12 can slide forward and backward or left and right on the inner wall of the sweeping impeller 11, so that the sweeping plate 12 can move inward or outward, and the expansion pad 15 can increase the contact area with the ground, making the support leg 6 more stable; the installation and shape of the sweeping impeller 11, the small tension spring 13, the sweeping plate 12, and the counterweight 14 are as shown Figure 7 As shown, the inner end of the small tension spring 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cleaning impeller 11, and the outer end of the small tension spring 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion and sweeping plate 12. The small tension spring 13 can exert an inward pulling force on the expansion and sweeping plate 12, so that the expansion and sweeping plate 12 is at the innermost end under normal conditions. When the cleaning impeller 11 rotates, it will drive the expansion and sweeping plate 12 to rotate and move, that is, drive the counterweight block 14 to rotate and move. When the counterweight block 14 rotates and moves, it can drive the expansion and sweeping plate 12 to move outward under the action of centrifugal force. When the expansion and sweeping plate 12 moves outward, the cleaning area will be increased, and the ground can be cleaned in a larger range; and when the cleaning impeller 11 stops rotating, the corresponding expansion and sweeping plate 12 will move inward and reset under the pulling force of the small tension spring 13, that is, it will be retracted to the innermost end; through the arranged placement groove, when the expansion pad 15 moves downward to the bottom, it can hold the cleaning impeller 11.

[0041] The upper ends of the outer surfaces of the spiral cylinder 10 are fixedly connected with baffles 16, the middle parts of the outer surfaces of the spiral cylinder 10 are slidably connected with discs 18, the lower end surfaces of the discs 18 are respectively hinged with four evenly distributed short connecting rods 19, the outer surfaces of the spiral cylinder 10 are respectively hinged with four evenly distributed long connecting rods 20, the cleaning plates 21 are respectively hinged at the lower ends of the corresponding long connecting rods 20, and the lower ends of the short connecting rods 19 are respectively hinged to the corresponding long connecting rods 20.

[0042] like Figure 4-Figure 9 As shown, the stopper 16 serves to fix the threaded cylinder again, and the disc 18 can be slidably connected to the outer surface of the spiral cylinder 10 up and down; the installation and shape of the short connecting rod 19, the long connecting rod 20, and the cleaning plate 21 are as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, tooth grooves 22 are respectively provided at both ends of the cleaning plate 21, and the four cleaning plates 21 are meshed with each other through the tooth grooves 22. When the cleaning plates 21 move inward or outward, they do not interfere with each other; through the set disc 18, short connecting rod 19, and long connecting rod 20, the cleaning plates 21 can be limited and supported, so that the cleaning plates 21 can move inward or outward synchronously, and under the limitation of the short connecting rod 19 and the long connecting rod 20, the cleaning plates 21 can always be in the same plane.

[0043] The lower end surface of the blocking seat 16 is fixedly connected with a first spring 17 , the lower end of the first spring 17 is fixedly connected to the corresponding disc 18 , and the upper end surface of the blocking seat 16 is fixedly connected with a first tension spring 9 , the upper end of the first tension spring 9 is fixedly connected to the corresponding limit sleeve 7 .

[0044] like Fig. 9 As shown, the first tension spring 9 always exerts a downward pulling force on the limit sleeve 7, so that the limit sleeve 7 is in the bottommost state under normal conditions, that is, the corresponding cleaning impeller 11 is in the bottommost state under normal conditions, and the first spring 17 always exerts a downward elastic force on the disc 18, so that the cleaning plate 21 is in the innermost closed state under normal conditions; when the telescopic leg 1 and the supporting device move downward, the cleaning impeller 11 can first contact the ground, and a cone is provided at the lower end of the cleaning impeller 11, which can reduce the contact area with the ground, thereby making it easier for the cleaning impeller 11 to rotate; when the supporting leg 6, the spiral drum 10, etc. continue to move downward, the spiral drum 10 is engaged with the spiral rod 8, which will cause the spiral rod 8 and the cleaning impeller 11 to rotate, and when the cleaning impeller 11 rotates, it can clean the ground directly below the supporting leg 6, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the lower end of the outer surface of the spiral rod 8 is a smooth surface, that is, the support legs 6, the spiral drum 10, etc., can no longer drive the spiral rod 8 and the cleaning impeller 11 to rotate after moving downward to the specified position, that is, the spiral drum 10 no longer drives the spiral rod 8 and the cleaning impeller 11 to rotate when encountering a smooth surface; when the support legs 6, the spiral drum 10, etc. move downward to make the cleaning plate 21 contact the ground, the spiral drum 10 moves to the smooth surface position of the spiral rod 8, that is, the cleaning impeller 11 no longer rotates, which can prevent the cleaning impeller 11 from moving against the cleaning plate 21; when the cleaning plate 21 contacts the ground, the support legs 6, the spiral drum 10, the long connecting rod 2 0 and the like continue to move downward, the cleaning plate 21 will be driven to move outward, and when the cleaning plate 21 moves outward, it can push stones and impurities on the ground outward, and level the ground, so that the expansion pad 15 can contact the ground more smoothly; a roller can be further provided at the lower end of the cleaning plate 21 to reduce the friction between the cleaning plate 21 and the ground, and it can be set according to needs; when the telescopic leg 1 is retracted, the corresponding cleaning impeller 11 can move downward away from the supporting leg 6 and the expansion pad 15 under the tension of the first tension spring 9, and the corresponding disc 18 can move downward under the elastic force of the first spring 17, so that the cleaning plate 21 moves inward to the closed state; Figure 4 or Figure 5 The cleaning plate 21 is shown in the unfolded state. Figure 8 or Fig. 9 The cleaning plate 21 is shown in the closed state.

[0045] The inner walls at the front and rear ends of the longitudinal beam 3 are respectively provided with protective devices, which respectively include anti-falling cloth 27. The upper end of the longitudinal beam 3 is provided with a top plate 23 which can move up and down. When the top plate 23 moves downward, it can form a structure in which the anti-falling cloth 27 is unfolded outward. When the top plate 23 moves upward, it can form a structure in which the anti-falling cloth 27 is closed inwardly and flipped downward.

[0046] like Figure 10-12 As shown, the existing support device cannot prevent falling rocks and has certain safety hazards. The protective device provided can provide protection when the anti-falling cloth 27 is unfolded to prevent falling rocks from the top wall from hitting users or equipment. The anti-falling net can also be used instead of the anti-falling cloth 27; through the cooperation of the provided top plate 23 and the longitudinal beam 3, when the longitudinal beam 3 drives the top plate 23 to move upward to the top, that is, after the top plate 23 contacts the inner wall of the top of the tunnel, it no longer moves upward. At this time, the longitudinal beam 3 continues to move upward, and the top plate 23 moves downward relative to the longitudinal beam 3, that is, the downward movement of the top plate 23 can make the anti-falling cloth 2 7 is unfolded, thereby playing a protective role. When the device moves, the longitudinal beam 3 can move downward. At this time, the top plate 23 moves upward relative to the longitudinal beam 3. When the top plate 23 moves upward, the anti-falling cloth 27 can be closed inwardly and flipped downward. Due to the uneven top wall of the tunnel, the anti-falling cloth 27 can be prevented from colliding with the top wall of the tunnel when it is closed inwardly during movement. The anti-falling cloth 27 flips downward and can clean up the fallen rocks on the upper end of the anti-falling cloth 27. That is, the fallen rocks fall to the positions on both sides under the action of gravity, and the anti-falling cloth 27 is cleaned in time to prevent the anti-falling cloth 27 from being damaged by overloading.

[0047] The protective device also includes two circular ring sleeves 24, which are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the left and right ends of the corresponding longitudinal beam 3. The inner walls of the two circular ring sleeves 24 are rotatably connected to a reel 25. One end of the anti-falling cloth 27 is respectively fixed to the outer surface of the corresponding reel 25, and the other end of the anti-falling cloth 27 is respectively fixed to a movable pull plate 28. The inner walls of the circular ring sleeves 24 are also respectively provided with coil springs 26 that cooperate with the reel 25.

[0048] like Figure 10-12 As shown, the annular sleeve 24 serves to support and limit the coil spring 26, the reel 25, and the anti-falling cloth 27. The anti-falling cloth 27 is evenly wound on the outer surface of the reel 25. One end of the coil spring 26 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular sleeve 24, and the other end of the coil spring 26 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the reel 25. The coil spring 26 can exert a rotational force on the reel 25, so that the anti-falling cloth 27 is in a contracted state under normal conditions; when the two corresponding pull plates 28 move outward, the anti-falling cloth 27 can be driven to unfold outward, and when the anti-falling cloth 27 unfolds outward, the reel 25 can be driven to rotate and compress the coil spring 26. When the pull plate 28 moves inward, the coil spring 26 and the reel 25 are no longer subjected to tension and can rotate at this time, and the anti-falling cloth 27 will be evenly wound on the outer surface of the reel 25 again.

[0049] The front and rear sides of the inner wall at the lower end of the longitudinal beam 3 are respectively hinged with a reversible side panel 29, and the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the side panel 29 are respectively provided with a telescopic frame 30, and the telescopic frame 30 has a first end point 58, a second end point 59, a third end point 60 and a fourth end point 61. The first end point 58 of the telescopic frame 30 is respectively hinged on the lower end surface of the side panel 29, and the second end point 59 of the telescopic frame 30 is respectively hinged on the lower end surface of the pull plate 28. The third end point 60 of the telescopic frame 30 is respectively slidably connected to the lower end surface of the pull plate 28. The left and right sides of the lower end surface of the side panel 29 are also respectively slidably connected with a movable driving pin 38, and the fourth end point 61 is respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding inner wall of the driving pin 38.

[0050] like Figure 11-13 As shown, the telescopic frame 30 is installed on the side plate 29, and the pull plate 28 is installed on the telescopic frame 30. When the side plate 29 is flipped, the telescopic frame 30, the pull plate 28, and the anti-fall cloth 27 can be driven to flip up and down synchronously; the inner walls of the side plates 29 are slidably connected with small sliders 39, and the small sliders 39 can slide left and right on the inner walls of the side plates 29, that is, the driving pin 38 is restricted to move left and right; a slider slidably connected to the pull plate 28 is provided on the third end point 60, that is, the third end point 60 is slidably connected to the pull plate 28; through the movable driving pin 38, when the driving pin 38 moves, the telescopic frame 30 can be driven to expand or close. When the telescopic frame 30 is expanded, the corresponding pull plate 28 will be driven to move outward and the anti-fall cloth 27 will be expanded outward. When the telescopic frame 30 is closed, the pull plate 28 can be driven to move inward and the anti-fall cloth 27 can be folded inward.

[0051] The left and right sides of the inner wall at the lower end of the longitudinal beam 3 are also slidably connected with a movable track plate 36, and the front and rear sides of the lower end surface of the track plate 36 are respectively fixed with arc guide rails 37 that cooperate with the driving pin 38. The left and right sides of the inner wall at the lower end of the longitudinal beam 3 are also fixedly connected with a U-shaped seat 40, and the inner walls at the front and rear ends of the U-shaped seat 40 are respectively slidably connected with a movable square box 41. The lower end surface of the square box 41 is respectively hinged with a small connecting rod 42 inclined toward the outer side of the lower end, and the outer ends of the small connecting rod 42 are respectively hinged on the corresponding side panels 29.

[0052] like Figure 12-13 As shown, through the cooperation of the arc guide rail 37 and the driving pin 38, when the track plate 36 moves, the arc guide rail 37 can be driven to move, and when the arc guide rod moves, the driving pin 38 can be controlled to move, and when the side plate 29 and the driving pin 38 are flipped, the driving pin 38 can slide on the inner wall of the arc guide rail 37, and the movements of the two do not interfere with each other; the square box 41 can be slidably connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped seat 40 back and forth. When the square box 41 moves back and forth, through the hinge connection between the short connecting rod 19 and the side plate 29, the side plate 29 can be driven to flip, thereby driving the anti-fall cloth 27 to flip downward to clean up the fallen rocks.

[0053] The inner walls of the square box 41 are respectively slidably connected with first sliding pins 44, and the inner walls of the bottom ends of the square box 41 are respectively fixed with third springs 43 that match the first sliding pins 44. The track plates 36 are respectively provided with track grooves that match the first sliding pins 44, and the track grooves include long vertical grooves 45, first oblique grooves 46, short vertical grooves 47 and second oblique grooves 48. When the two track plates 36 move inward, the two first sliding pins 44 and the square box 41 can be stationary at the outermost ends under the meshing of the first sliding pins 44 and the long vertical grooves 45. When the two track plates 36 move outward, the first sliding pins 44 can be meshed with the first oblique grooves 46. The first sliding pin 44 and the square box 41 are moved inwardly. When the first sliding pin 44 enters the inner wall of the short vertical groove 47, the square box 41 can be stationary at the innermost end. When the first sliding pin 44 enters the inner wall of the second inclined groove 48, the square box 41 can be moved outwardly. The inner walls at the left and right ends of the longitudinal beam 3 are slidably connected with L-shaped rods 31 respectively. The top plate 23 is respectively fixed to the upper end surfaces of the two corresponding L-shaped rods 31. The inner walls at the lower ends of the L-shaped rods 31 are respectively fixed with long pins 33. The outer end surfaces of the two track plates 36 are respectively fixed with guide plates 34 on the front and rear sides. The guide plates 34 are respectively provided with oblique key grooves 35 that match the long pins 33.

[0054] like Figure 12-16 As shown, the first sliding pin 44 can slide up and down on the inner wall of the square box 41. The third spring 43 can provide an upward driving force to the first sliding pin 44, so that the first sliding pin 44 is stably engaged with the track groove and will not be disengaged. The installation and shape of the track plate 36, the track groove, and the first sliding pin 44 are as shown in FIG. Fig.15 As shown, the first sliding pin 44 can move on the inner walls of the corresponding long vertical slot 45, the first inclined slot 46, the short vertical slot 47 and the second inclined slot 48. When the two track plates 36 move inward, the first sliding pin 44 and the first inclined slot 46 are engaged with each other, and the two first sliding pins 44 and the square box 41 move inward, and the corresponding small connecting rod 42 pulls the side plate 29 to flip inward. When the side plate 29 flips inward, it drives the anti-falling step to flip downward, so that the anti-falling step tilts downward. When the first sliding pin 44 enters the inner wall of the short vertical slot 47, the first sliding pin 44 and the square box 41 move inward to the top position and then stay still for a period of time, corresponding to When the two track plates 36 continue to move inwards so that the first sliding pin 44 enters the inner wall of the second inclined slot 48, the first sliding pin 44 and the square box 41 will move outwards, and the corresponding side plate 29 will flip outwards and reset. When the first sliding pin 44 enters the inner wall of the long vertical slot 45, the side plate 29 will flip to a vertical state, that is, an initial state. When the track plate 36 moves outwards, the first sliding pin 44 is engaged with the long vertical slot 45, so that the first sliding pin 44 is always at the outermost end, that is, the corresponding side plate 29 is always in a vertical state. Fig.15 or Fig.16As shown, the inner wall at the bottom end of the long vertical groove 45 is fixedly connected with a first wedge-shaped pad 49, and the inner wall at the bottom end of the second inclined groove 48 is fixedly connected with a second wedge-shaped pad 50. The first wedge-shaped pad 49 is respectively provided with a first inclined surface 51 and a first straight surface 52, and the second wedge-shaped pad 50 is respectively provided with a second inclined surface 53 and a second straight surface 54. By providing the first wedge-shaped pad 49 and the second wedge-shaped pad 50, the first sliding pin 44 can only move along the specified path, that is, the first sliding pin 44 moves along the long vertical groove 45, the second vertical groove 48, and the second vertical groove 48 in sequence. The first sliding pin 44 moves along the path of the first inclined groove 46, the short vertical groove 47, and the second inclined groove 48. When the first sliding pin 44 is on the inner wall of the long vertical groove 45, the track plate 36 moves outward to meet the first inclined surface 51 of the first wedge-shaped pad 49. Under the action of the first inclined surface 51, the first sliding pin 44 can move downward to compress the third spring 43. When the track plate 36 moves outward to make the first sliding pin 44 enter the top end of the long vertical groove 45, the first sliding pin 44 will be out of contact with the first wedge-shaped pad 49. The first sliding pin 44 will move upward under the elastic force of the third spring 43, so that the top of the third sliding pin contacts the inner wall of the bottom end of the track groove. When the track plate 36 moves inward, the first sliding pin 44 will move along the inner wall of the first inclined groove 46 under the blockage of the first straight surface 52 of the first wedge-shaped pad 49, preventing the first sliding pin 44 from mistakenly entering the inner wall of the long vertical groove 45. Similarly, when the first sliding pin 44 moves on the inner wall of the second inclined groove 48, the second wedge-shaped pad 50 can prevent the first sliding pin 44 from slipping out of the long vertical groove 45. The inner wall of the groove 45 mistakenly enters the inner wall of the second inclined groove 48, that is, the first wedge pad 49 and the second wedge pad 50 can make the connection between the long vertical groove 45 and the first inclined groove 46, and the connection between the second inclined groove 48 and the long vertical groove 45 have a height difference, so that the first sliding pin 44 can only move along the specified path, that is, in sequence, that is, the first sliding pin 44 is meshed along the inner wall of the long vertical groove 45, the first inclined groove 46, the short vertical groove 47, and the second inclined groove 48 in sequence; the installation and shape of the guide plate 34, the inclined key groove 35, and the long pin 33 are as shown in FIG. Fig.12 or Fig.13As shown, the L-shaped rod 31 can be slidably connected to the inner wall of the longitudinal beam 3 up and down, and the outer surface of the L-shaped rod 31 is respectively covered with a second tension spring 32, one end of the second tension spring 32 is respectively fixed to the inner wall of the longitudinal beam 3, and the other end of the second tension spring 32 is respectively fixed to the L-shaped rod 31. The second tension spring 32 always has a downward pulling force on the L-shaped rod 31, that is, when the top plate 23 is not squeezed, the top plate 23 can be moved upward and reset. By the engagement of the long pin 33 and the oblique key groove 35, when the L-shaped rod 31 and the long pin 33 move upward, the top plate 23 can be moved upward and reset. When the telescopic leg 1 is moved, the guide plate 34, the track plate 36 and the like can be driven to move synchronously inwardly. When the L-shaped rod 31 and the long pin 33 move upwardly, the guide plate 34 and the track plate 36 can be moved outwardly. Therefore, when the telescopic leg 1 is retracted, the corresponding top plate 23 and the longitudinal beam 3 will move downwardly, and the top plate 23 will move upwardly at the upper end of the longitudinal beam 3 under the tension of the second tension spring 32, so that the track plate 36 and the arc guide rail 37 can be moved synchronously inwardly. When the arc guide rail 37 moves inwardly, the corresponding When the anti-falling cloth 27 is folded inwardly, the track plate 36 moves inwardly, which causes the side plate 29 to flip inwardly and the anti-falling cloth 27 to flip and tilt downwardly, and the dust on the upper end of the anti-falling cloth 27 will fall under the action of gravity, that is, the anti-falling cloth 27 is closed inwardly and flipped downwardly to clean the dust, and when the anti-falling cloth 27 is completely folded, the track plate 36 will drive the side plate 29 to flip to a vertical position, so that the anti-falling cloth 27 flips and returns to the initial position, and the anti-falling cloth 27 can be completely folded again, and when the telescopic leg 1 is unfolded, , which can make the longitudinal beam 3, the top plate 23, etc. move upward synchronously. After the top plate 23 moves upward to contact the inner wall of the top of the tunnel, the longitudinal beam 3 continues to move upward to make the track plate 36 move outward. At this time, when the track plate 36 moves outward, it will drive the arc guide rail 37 to move outward. When the arc guide rail 37 moves outward, the anti-fall cloth 27 will be opened. The corresponding side plate 29 is in a vertical state under the engagement of the first sliding pin 44 and the long vertical groove 45, that is, the anti-fall cloth 27 can be horizontally unfolded outward.

[0055] When the supporting leg 6 contacts the ground, the telescopic leg 1 continues to extend, which can make the top plate 23 move upward, so that the top plate 23 can contact the top wall of the tunnel again for support.

[0056] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An advance support device for underground tunnel excavation, comprising two inner beams and two outer beams, characterized in that: A plurality of movable telescopic rods (5) are provided on the inner sides of the two inner cross beams, a plurality of longitudinal beams (3) are provided at the upper ends of the inner cross beams and the outer cross beams, telescopic legs (1) are provided on both sides of the lower ends of the inner cross beams and the outer cross beams, and a support device is provided at the lower ends of the telescopic legs (1), the support devices respectively include support legs (6), a cleaning impeller (11) is provided at the lower ends of the support legs (6), and a plurality of cleaning plates (21) are also provided at the lower ends of the support legs (6), and when the support legs (6) move downward, a structure is formed in which the cleaning impeller (11) rotates and the cleaning plates (21) move outwards; The inner walls of the support legs (6) are respectively slidably connected to the limit sleeves (7), the inner walls of the limit sleeves (7) are respectively rotatably connected to the screw rods (8), the cleaning impellers (11) are respectively fixedly connected to the lower end surfaces of the corresponding screw rods (8), and the inner walls of the lower ends of the support legs (6) are respectively fixedly connected to the screw cylinders (10) matching the screw rods (8); The upper end of the outer surface of the spiral cylinder (10) is fixedly connected with a stopper (16), the middle of the outer surface of the spiral cylinder (10) is slidably connected with a disk (18), the lower end surface of the disk (18) is hinged with four evenly distributed short connecting rods (19), the outer surface of the spiral cylinder (10) is hinged with four evenly distributed long connecting rods (20), the cleaning plates (21) are hinged at the lower ends of the corresponding long connecting rods (20), and the lower ends of the short connecting rods (19) are hinged to the corresponding long connecting rods (20); The lower end surface of the blocking seat (16) is respectively fixedly connected to a first spring (17), the lower end of the first spring (17) is respectively fixedly connected to a corresponding disc (18), and the upper end surface of the blocking seat (16) is respectively fixedly connected to a first tension spring (9), the upper end of the first tension spring (9) is respectively fixedly connected to a corresponding limit sleeve (7).

2. The underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surfaces of the support legs (6) are respectively fixedly connected with expansion pads (15), the lower end inner walls of the expansion pads (15) are respectively provided with placement grooves matching the cleaning impeller (11), the inner walls of the cleaning impeller (11) are respectively slidably connected with four evenly distributed expansion plates (12), the inner walls of the cleaning impeller (11) are also respectively fixedly connected with small tension springs (13) matching the expansion plates (12), and the outer ends of the expansion plates (12) are respectively fixedly connected with counterweight blocks (14).

3. The underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls at the front and rear ends of the longitudinal beam (3) are respectively provided with protective devices, the protective devices respectively comprising anti-falling cloth (27), and the upper end of the longitudinal beam (3) is provided with a top plate (23) that can move up and down, and when the top plate (23) moves downward, it can form a structure in which the anti-falling cloth (27) is unfolded outward, and when the top plate (23) moves upward, it can form a structure in which the anti-falling cloth (27) is closed inwardly and turned downward.

4. The underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective device further comprises two annular sleeves (24), the annular sleeves (24) being fixedly connected to the inner walls of the left and right ends of the corresponding longitudinal beams (3), the inner walls of the two annular sleeves (24) being rotatably connected to a reel (25), one end of an anti-falling cloth (27) being fixedly connected to the outer surface of the corresponding reel (25), the other end of the anti-falling cloth (27) being fixedly connected to a movable pulling plate (28), and the inner walls of the annular sleeves (24) being provided with coil springs (26) matching the reel (25).

5. The underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall at the lower end of the longitudinal beam (3) is hingedly connected to a reversible side plate (29) at the front and rear sides, respectively. A telescopic frame (30) is provided at the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the side plate (29). The telescopic frame (30) has a first end point (58), a second end point (59), a third end point (60) and a fourth end point (61). The first end point (58) of the telescopic frame (30) is hingedly connected to the lower end surface of the side plate (29), the second end point (59) of the telescopic frame (30) is hingedly connected to the lower end surface of the pull plate (28), the third end point (60) of the telescopic frame (30) is slidably connected to the lower end surface of the pull plate (28), and the left and right sides of the lower end surface of the side plate (29) are also slidably connected to movable driving pins (38), respectively. The fourth end point (61) is rotatably connected to the corresponding inner wall of the driving pin (38).

6. The underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the inner wall at the lower end of the longitudinal beam (3) are respectively slidably connected to movable track plates (36), and the front and rear sides of the lower end surface of the track plate (36) are respectively fixedly connected to arc-shaped guide rails (37) that cooperate with the driving pin (38). The left and right sides of the inner wall at the lower end of the longitudinal beam (3) are also respectively fixedly connected to U-shaped seats (40), and the inner walls at the front and rear ends of the U-shaped seats (40) are respectively slidably connected to movable square boxes (41), and the lower end surfaces of the square boxes (41) are respectively hinged to small connecting rods (42) inclined toward the outer side of the lower end, and the outer ends of the small connecting rods (42) are respectively hinged to the corresponding side plates (29).

7. The underground tunnel excavation advance support equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner walls of the square box (41) are slidably connected to the first sliding pins (44), the inner walls of the bottom ends of the square box (41) are fixedly connected to the third springs (43) matched with the first sliding pins (44), and the track plates (36) are respectively provided with track grooves matched with the first sliding pins (44), the track grooves comprising a long vertical groove (45), a first inclined groove (46), a short vertical groove (47) and a second inclined groove (48). When the two track plates (36) move inward, the first sliding pins (44) and the square box (41) are engaged with each other to keep the two first sliding pins (44) and the square box (41) stationary at the outermost ends. When the two track plates (36) move outward, the first sliding pins (44) and the first inclined grooves (46) are engaged with each other to keep the two first sliding pins (44) and the square box (41) stationary at the outermost ends. The first sliding pin (44) and the square box (41) are moved inwardly. When the first sliding pin (44) enters the inner wall of the short vertical groove (47), the square box (41) can be stationary at the innermost end. When the first sliding pin (44) enters the inner wall of the second inclined groove (48), the square box (41) can be moved outwardly. The inner walls at the left and right ends of the longitudinal beam (3) are respectively slidably connected with L-shaped rods (31). The top plate (23) is respectively fixed to the upper end surfaces of the two corresponding L-shaped rods (31). The inner walls at the lower ends of the L-shaped rods (31) are respectively fixed with long pins (33). The outer end surfaces of the two track plates (36) are respectively fixed with guide plates (34) on the front and rear sides. The guide plates (34) are respectively provided with oblique key grooves (35) matching with the long pins (33).

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