A fertilizer granule drying apparatus and method
By combining a two-stage drying structure with a cyclone heating air component, the problems of material sticking to the wall and breaking in the drum dryer are solved, achieving a highly efficient and energy-saving fertilizer granule drying process and ensuring product quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 河北萌帮生物科技有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing rotary drum dryers are prone to material sticking to the walls or clumping when drying wet fertilizer granules, and they are also prone to producing broken material, which affects product quality.
The system employs a two-stage drying structure. First, the wet fertilizer granules undergo initial drying using a hot air duct. Then, the fertilizer granules are dried a second time in the second drying structure using a cyclone hot air supply component. The cyclone blows the granules up and moves them along a spiral path, achieving efficient drying. Finally, a blower separates the broken material from the granules, enabling the hot air to be recycled.
It effectively reduces material sticking and clumping, reduces material breakage, ensures product quality, saves energy, and achieves the recycling of hot air.
Smart Images
Figure CN118816490B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fertilizer granule drying technology, and more specifically, relates to a fertilizer granule drying device and method. Background Technology
[0002] After the granulation process, fertilizer granules are formed with relatively high moisture content. These wet fertilizer granules need to undergo a drying process to bring them to the required moisture level, which is beneficial for their storage, transportation, and use. Currently, most fertilizer granule drying processes use rotary drum dryers. Rotary drum dryers have an inclined drum. After the wet fertilizer granules are fed into the drum, the drum's rotation causes the granules inside to tumble. This, combined with hoisting and heating components, achieves the drying and conveying of the wet fertilizer granules. However, this method of drying fertilizer granules is prone to clumping or sticking to the walls when the moisture content is high, affecting the drying effect. Furthermore, the continuous rotation and tumbling of the drum causes the fertilizer granules to break, which affects the quality of the finished fertilizer. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a fertilizer granule drying device and method. This solves the problems of material sticking to the wall or clumping and the generation of broken material that affects product quality when using a drum dryer to dry wet fertilizer granules.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a fertilizer granule drying apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
[0005] A first drying structure, one end of which is provided with a feeding structure, the feeding structure being used to input wet fertilizer granules into the first drying structure, the first drying structure including a first shell, a conveying component disposed in the first shell, and a hot air pipe and an air outlet pipe connected to the first shell.
[0006] The second drying structure is located at the other end of the first drying structure. The second drying structure includes a second shell, a central cylinder located inside the second shell, a discharge cylinder located on the outer side of the upper end of the second shell, a swirling hot air component located at the lower end of the second shell, and an exhaust fan located in the middle of the upper end of the second shell. The output end of the exhaust fan is connected to the hot air pipe. An annular drying zone is formed between the central cylinder and the second shell. A fragment collection zone is formed inside the central cylinder. The upper shell wall of the second shell is provided with multiple discharge ports. The upper cylinder wall of the central cylinder is provided with multiple first filter holes. The swirling hot air component can blow an upward swirling flow into the drying zone from below, and blow up the fertilizer particles input into the drying zone from the first drying structure through the swirling flow.
[0007] Optionally, the feeding structure includes a feeding hopper and a guide pipe disposed at the lower end of the feeding hopper. The lower end of the guide pipe is connected to a cloth-spreading structure, which is connected to the inlet end of the conveying component and is used to spread the wet fertilizer granules along the width direction of the conveying component.
[0008] Optionally, the fabric structure includes a base plate inclinedly disposed at the lower end of the guide pipe, upright plates disposed on both sides of the base plate, and a plurality of material distribution columns disposed on the upper side of the base plate between the two upright plates. The plurality of material distribution columns are arranged in a multi-row triangular pattern from near the guide pipe to near the conveying component. The first row near the guide pipe is provided with one material distribution column, and each subsequent row is provided with one more material distribution column than the previous row.
[0009] Optionally, the conveying component includes an inclined conveying plate with baffles on both sides, a plurality of ventilation holes on the conveying plate, and a driving mechanism connected to the first housing on one side of the conveying plate, the driving mechanism being able to drive the conveying plate to move laterally reciprocating.
[0010] Optionally, an air supply hood is connected to the lower side of the conveying plate. The air supply hood is a funnel-shaped flexible cover. The upper end of the air supply hood is connected to the outer ring of the lower surface of the conveying plate, and the lower end of the air supply hood is connected to the hot air pipe. The air outlet pipe is located at the top of the first housing.
[0011] Optionally, the upper surface of the feed plate is provided with a hydrophobic coating.
[0012] Optionally, a material collection structure is provided at the other end of the first housing. One end of the material collection structure is located below the conveying plate. The material collection structure includes an inclined support plate and material collection plates on both sides of the support plate. The two material collection plates gradually taper from the direction closer to the first drying structure to the direction closer to the second drying structure. The other end of the material collection structure is connected to the feed port at the lower end of the second housing.
[0013] Optionally, the swirl heating air component includes a guide tube, inside which is arranged a tube sheet and multiple spiral air ducts penetrating the tube sheet. The spiral air ducts are spiral-shaped and attached to the inner wall of the guide tube. The upper ends of the multiple spiral air ducts are evenly arranged along the inner circumference of the guide tube. The upper ends of the multiple spiral air ducts are connected to multiple hot air holes at the bottom of the second housing and located in the drying zone. A hot air blower is connected to the lower end of the guide tube.
[0014] Optionally, the upper end of the central cylinder is provided with a trumpet-shaped connecting part, the upper end of the connecting part is connected to the upper end of the second housing, the first filter hole is provided on the connecting part, the upper end of the central cylinder is provided with a tapering cylindrical sieve plate from bottom to top, the sieve plate is provided with a plurality of second filter holes, the diameter of the second filter holes is smaller than the diameter of the first filter holes, the upper end of the sieve plate is connected to the top cover plate of the second housing and is located outside the exhaust port of the exhaust fan, and the lower end of the sieve plate is located inside the connecting part.
[0015] The present invention also provides a method for drying fertilizer granules, utilizing the above-mentioned fertilizer granule drying apparatus, the method comprising:
[0016] Wet fertilizer granules are fed into the first drying structure through the feeding structure;
[0017] Hot air is blown into the first drying structure through a hot air pipe to dry the wet fertilizer granules for the first time and then convey them to the second drying structure.
[0018] The swirling hot air component blows an upward swirling airflow into the drying zone, which blows up the fertilizer granules conveyed to the drying zone for a second drying. The fertilizer granules enter the discharge cylinder through multiple discharge ports, the broken material enters the broken material collection area, and the hot air is extracted by the exhaust fan and input into the first drying structure through the hot air pipe.
[0019] This invention provides a fertilizer granule drying device and method, the advantages of which are as follows: The fertilizer granule drying device has a first drying structure and a second drying structure, enabling two drying processes for wet fertilizer granules. The wet fertilizer granules first enter the first drying structure through the feeding structure for the first drying. For materials with high moisture content, a first drying is performed. The material is conveyed forward by the conveying component, while hot air is simultaneously supplied to the first shell through a hot air pipe, achieving the first drying of the material and removing most of the moisture. The material with high moisture content does not undergo significant agitation within the first shell, reducing material sticking to the walls or clumping, and minimizing the generation of broken pieces. The material after the first drying then enters the second drying structure for a second drying. The second drying structure uses a swirling hot air supply component to supply hot air. Under the action of the swirling flow, the material in the drying zone is blown up, performing a second drying process to achieve the required moisture content. Under the action of swirling and centrifugal force, the material moves along a spiral trajectory along the inner wall of the second shell. When the material moves to the discharge port at the upper end of the second shell, it passes through the discharge port and enters the discharge cylinder, realizing the output of the dried material. A part of the hot air flows out of the discharge port with the material, while most of the hot air, under the action of the exhaust fan, carries most of the broken material through the first filter hole into the central cylinder, realizing the separation of broken material and fertilizer particles. Furthermore, most of the hot air, under the action of the exhaust fan, enters the hot air pipe, thereby supplying hot air to the first drying structure, realizing the recycling of hot air and saving energy. At the same time, because a part of the hot air is discharged from the discharge port, the air volume and air velocity in the central cylinder are reduced compared to the drying zone. After entering the central cylinder, the broken material falls downward and is collected in the broken material collection area. The fertilizer particles and broken material in the discharge cylinder and the broken material collection area can be discharged separately for discharge and recycling, which can ensure product quality and avoid waste of broken material.
[0020] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description
[0021] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the invention.
[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fertilizer granule drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the fabric structure of a fertilizer granule drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0024] Figure 3A top view of the conveying component of a fertilizer granule drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0025] Figure 4 A front view schematic diagram of the cyclone heating air component of a fertilizer granule drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0026] Figure 5 A top view schematic diagram of the swirl heating air component of a fertilizer granule drying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0027] Figure 6 A flowchart of a fertilizer granule drying method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0029] 1. First shell; 2. Hot air duct; 3. Air outlet duct; 4. Second shell; 5. Central cylinder; 6. Discharge cylinder; 7. Cyclone hot air supply component; 8. Exhaust fan; 9. Drying zone; 10. Crushed material collection zone; 11. Discharge port; 12. First filter hole; 13. Discharge zone; 14. Discharge pipe; 15. Crushed material discharge pipe; 16. Discharge tray; 17. Feed hopper; 18. Guide pipe; 19. Cloth Material structure; 20. Base plate; 21. Vertical plate; 22. Material distribution column; 23. Conveying plate; 24. Baffle plate; 25. Ventilation hole; 26. Drive motor; 27. Cam; 28. Roller; 29. Spring; 30. Air supply hood; 31. Material collection structure; 32. Guide tube; 33. Tube plate; 34. Spiral air duct; 35. Hot air blower; 36. Connecting part; 37. Screen plate; 38. Second filter hole. Detailed Implementation
[0030] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
[0031] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a fertilizer granule drying device, the device comprising:
[0032] The first drying structure has a feeding structure at one end, which is used to input wet fertilizer granules into the first drying structure. The first drying structure includes a first shell 1, a conveying component disposed in the first shell 1, and a hot air pipe 2 and an air outlet pipe 3 connected to the first shell 1.
[0033] The second drying structure is located at the other end of the first drying structure. The second drying structure includes a second shell 4, a central cylinder 5 located inside the second shell 4, a discharge cylinder 6 located on the outer side of the upper end of the second shell 4, a swirl heating air component 7 located at the lower end of the second shell 4, and an exhaust fan 8 located in the middle of the upper end of the second shell 4. The output end of the exhaust fan 8 is connected to the hot air pipe 2. An annular drying zone 9 is formed between the central cylinder 5 and the second shell 4. A crushed material collection zone 10 is formed inside the central cylinder 5. The upper shell wall of the second shell 4 is provided with multiple discharge ports 11. The upper cylinder wall of the central cylinder 5 is provided with multiple first filter holes 12. The swirl heating air component 7 can blow an upward swirling flow into the drying zone 9 from below, and blow up the fertilizer particles input into the drying zone 9 by the swirling flow.
[0034] Specifically, to address the problems of material sticking to the walls or clumping, and the generation of broken material affecting product quality, in existing technologies using drum dryers for drying wet fertilizer granules, the fertilizer granule drying device provided by this invention has a first drying structure and a second drying structure, enabling two drying processes for wet fertilizer granules. The wet fertilizer granules first enter the first drying structure through the feeding structure for the first drying. For materials with high moisture content, a first drying is performed. The material is conveyed forward by the conveying component, while hot air is simultaneously supplied to the first housing 1 through the hot air pipe 2, achieving the first drying of the material and removing most of the moisture. The material with high moisture content does not undergo significant agitation within the first housing 1, reducing material sticking to the walls or clumping, and minimizing the generation of broken material. The material after the first drying then enters the second drying structure for a second drying. The second drying structure uses a swirling hot air supply component 7 to supply hot air. Under the action of the swirling air, the material in the drying zone 9 is blown up, performing a second drying process, drying the material to a high temperature. The required humidity is achieved when the material, under the influence of swirling and centrifugal force, moves along a spiral trajectory along the inner wall of the second shell 4. When the material reaches the discharge port 11 at the upper end of the second shell 4, it passes through the discharge port 11 and enters the discharge cylinder 6, thus outputting the dried material. A portion of the hot air flows out of the discharge port 11 along with the material, while most of the hot air, under the action of the exhaust fan 8, carries most of the broken material through the first filter hole 12 into the central cylinder 5, achieving separation of the broken material from the fertilizer granules. Furthermore, most of the hot air is drawn into the central cylinder 5 by the exhaust fan 8. Under the action of the fan 8, the hot air enters the hot air pipe 2, and then supplies hot air to the first drying structure, realizing the recycling of hot air and saving energy. At the same time, since some hot air is discharged from the discharge port 11, the air volume and air velocity in the central cylinder 5 are reduced compared with those in the drying zone 9. After the broken material enters the central cylinder 5, it falls downward and is collected in the broken material collection zone 10. The fertilizer particles and broken material in the discharge cylinder 6 and the broken material collection zone 10 can be discharged separately for discharge and recycling, which can ensure product quality and avoid waste of broken material.
[0035] Furthermore, a discharge zone 13 is formed between the discharge cylinder 6 and the second shell 4. The dried fertilizer granules enter the discharge zone 13. A discharge pipe 14 is provided at the lower part of the discharge zone 13, through which the material can be discharged. The lower end of the central cylinder 5 is connected to a crushed material discharge pipe 15 that communicates with the crushed material collection zone 10. The crushed material is discharged through the crushed material discharge pipe 15 for reuse, such as for re-granulation.
[0036] In this embodiment, an annular discharge plate 16 is provided at the lower end of the discharge cylinder 6. The discharge plate 16 is inclined to guide the material. The discharge pipe 14 is connected to the lowest point of the discharge plate 16.
[0037] Optionally, the feeding structure includes a feeding hopper 17 and a guide pipe 18 disposed at the lower end of the feeding hopper 17. The lower end of the guide pipe 18 is connected to a cloth-spreading structure 19, which is connected to the inlet end of the conveying component and is used to spread the wet fertilizer granules along the width direction of the conveying component.
[0038] Specifically, the feed hopper 17 is funnel-shaped and can hold granulated wet fertilizer particles. The guide pipe 18 is inclined so that the wet fertilizer particles can flow into the cloth structure 19. Under the distribution effect of the cloth structure 19 on the wet fertilizer particles, the wet fertilizer particles enter the conveying component and are conveyed by the conveying component. During the conveying process, the wet fertilizer particles are dried by the hot air entering the first housing 1 through the hot air pipe 2, and the air with a large amount of moisture is discharged through the air outlet pipe 3.
[0039] Optionally, the fabric structure 19 includes a base plate 20 inclinedly disposed at the lower end of the guide pipe 18, upright plates 21 disposed on both sides of the base plate 20, and a plurality of material distribution columns 22 disposed on the upper side of the base plate 20 between the two upright plates 21. The plurality of material distribution columns 22 are arranged in a multi-row triangular pattern from near the guide pipe 18 to near the conveying component. The first row near the guide pipe 18 is provided with one material distribution column 22, and each subsequent row is provided with one more material distribution column 22 than the previous row.
[0040] Specifically, the base plate 20 can be a rectangular plate, inclined so that the material can flow naturally downwards on its upper side. Multiple material distribution columns 22 are set on the base plate 20. The material distribution column 22 at the upper end of the base plate 20 is a material distribution column 22 at the vertex of a triangle. Each row of material distribution columns 22 downwards has one more than the previous row. That is, the second row has two material distribution columns 22, the third row has three, and the fourth row has four. The multiple rows of material distribution columns 22 form an equilateral triangle arrangement. The outlet of the guide pipe 18 is directly opposite a material distribution column 22 in the first row. After the material flows down, it is gradually divided by each material distribution column 22, thereby realizing the diversion of fertilizer granules in the width direction of the conveying component. This material distribution structure 19 has a good distribution effect on granular materials, high distribution efficiency, and large distribution range.
[0041] Optionally, the conveying component includes an inclined conveying plate 23, baffles 24 on both sides of the conveying plate 23, a plurality of ventilation holes 25 on the conveying plate 23, and a drive mechanism connected to the first housing 1 on one side of the conveying plate 23, the drive mechanism being able to drive the conveying plate 23 to move laterally back and forth.
[0042] Specifically, the conveyor plate 23 is inclined, and in conjunction with the drive mechanism, the material flows along the length of the conveyor plate 23 while also moving in the width direction. The ventilation holes 25 allow hot air from the hot air pipe 2 to pass through the conveyor plate 23 and dry the wet fertilizer granules on the upper side of the conveyor plate 23, removing most of the moisture from the wet fertilizer granules. The conveyor plate 23 is used to convey and dry the material. The first drying of the material not only allows the material with high moisture content to be discharged before entering the second drying structure, but also provides a gentle tumbling effect on the material, unlike the roller which agitates the material, causing impact, accumulation, and adhesion. This lateral swaying and longitudinal flow of the material also reduces the generation of broken material compared to the rotation of the roller.
[0043] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes at least two drive motors 26, which are arranged along one long side of the conveyor plate 23. A cam 27 is connected to the output end of the drive motor 26. A roller 28 that cooperates with the cam 27 is rotatably connected to the long edge of the conveyor plate 23. A spring 29 is arranged between the other long side of the conveyor plate 23 and the first housing 1. The rotation of the cam 27 driven by the drive motor 26 can push the roller 28 to move outward. As the cam 27 rotates, it no longer pushes the roller 28. At this time, due to the action of the spring 29, the conveyor plate 23 moves back, thereby realizing the lateral reciprocating movement of the conveyor plate 23.
[0044] Optionally, an air supply hood 30 is connected to the lower side of the conveying plate 23. The air supply hood 30 is a funnel-shaped flexible cover. The upper end of the air supply hood 30 is connected to the outer ring of the lower surface of the conveying plate 23, and the lower end of the air supply hood 30 is connected to the hot air pipe 2. The air outlet pipe 3 is located at the top of the first housing 1.
[0045] Specifically, the air supply hood 30 is connected to the lower side of the conveying plate 23. All the hot air input from the hot air pipe 2 flows upward from the ventilation holes 25 on the conveying plate 23. This arrangement maintains a certain air pressure in the ventilation holes 25, which has a certain upward blowing effect on materials with high humidity. This not only improves the drying effect, but also prevents wet fertilizer particles from clogging the ventilation holes 25 and avoids violent collisions between wet fertilizer particles and the openings of the ventilation holes 25. At the same time, the flexible hood can adapt to the lateral reciprocating movement of the conveying plate 23.
[0046] In this embodiment, the flexible cover is made of rubber.
[0047] Optionally, the upper surface of the feed plate 23 is provided with a hydrophobic coating.
[0048] Specifically, the hydrophobic coating effectively prevents materials with high moisture content from sticking to the upper side of the conveyor plate 23, and prevents wet fertilizer particles from sticking to the upper surface of the conveyor plate 23 or from having debris stuck to the upper surface of the conveyor plate 23.
[0049] Optionally, a material collection structure 31 is provided at the other end of the first housing 1. One end of the material collection structure 31 is located below the conveying plate 23. The material collection structure 31 includes an inclined support plate and material collection plates on both sides of the support plate. The two material collection plates gradually shrink from the direction closer to the first drying structure to the direction closer to the second drying structure. The other end of the material collection structure 31 is connected to the feed port at the lower end of the second housing 4.
[0050] Specifically, under the distribution effect of the fabric structure 19 and the lateral reciprocating movement of the conveyor plate 23, the material on the conveyor plate 23 is distributed in a roughly one-layer manner in its width direction and flows towards the second drying structure. When the material moves to the end of the conveyor plate 23 away from the feeding structure, the material collection structure 31 collects the material distributed in the width direction so as to input it into the second housing 4. The tray is large at one end and small at the other. Its larger end is set below the conveyor plate 23 to receive the material conveyed by the conveyor plate 23, and its smaller end is connected to the feed port at the lower end of the second housing 4 to collect the material and introduce it into the drying zone 9 in the second housing 4.
[0051] Optionally, the swirl heating air component 7 includes a guide tube 32. Inside the guide tube 32, there is a tube sheet 33 and multiple spiral air ducts 34 penetrating the tube sheet 33. The spiral air ducts 34 are spiral-shaped and attached to the inner wall of the guide tube 32. The upper ends of the multiple spiral air ducts 34 are evenly arranged along the inner circumference of the guide tube 32. The upper ends of the multiple spiral air ducts 34 are connected to multiple hot air holes at the bottom of the second housing 4 and located in the drying zone 9. The lower end of the guide tube 32 is connected to a hot air blower 35.
[0052] Specifically, multiple spiral air ducts 34 are set against the inner wall of the guide cylinder 32, and the tube plate 33 blocks other positions on one cross section of the guide cylinder 32, so that the hot air blown from the bottom up by the hot air blower 35 flows upward through the multiple spiral air ducts 34. The upper opening of each spiral air duct 34 is on the same horizontal plane and is evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide cylinder 32. The hot air flows into the drying zone 9 through the multiple hot air holes at the bottom of the drying zone 9 after being guided by the spiral air ducts 34, forming a vortex. The vortex can blow up the fertilizer particles entering the drying zone 9 and make the fertilizer particles move upward along the spiral path against the inner wall of the second shell 4 in the drying zone 9. Then, when passing the discharge port 11, they enter the discharge cylinder 6 through the discharge port 11 due to centrifugal force.
[0053] Furthermore, the centrifugal force on the crushed material is relatively small, and under the action of the exhaust fan 8, it enters the central cylinder 5 through the first filter hole 12 with the airflow.
[0054] In this embodiment, the scrap discharge pipe 15 penetrates the tube sheet 33 and extends outward.
[0055] Optionally, the upper end of the central cylinder 5 is provided with a trumpet-shaped connecting part 36, the upper end of the connecting part 36 is connected to the upper end of the second housing 4, the first filter hole 12 is provided on the connecting part 36, the upper end of the central cylinder 5 is provided with a tapering cylindrical sieve plate 37, the sieve plate 37 is provided with a plurality of second filter holes 38, the diameter of the second filter holes 38 is smaller than the diameter of the first filter holes 12, the upper end of the sieve plate 37 is connected to the top cover plate of the second housing 4 and is located outside the exhaust port of the exhaust fan 8, and the lower end of the sieve plate 37 is located inside the connecting part 36.
[0056] Specifically, the upper end of the central cylinder 5 is connected to the upper end of the second housing 4 via a trumpet-shaped connecting part 36. The upper end of the second housing 4 is also equipped with a cover plate with an exhaust port. The input end of the exhaust fan 8 is connected to the exhaust port. The lower side of the cover plate is connected to a sieve plate 37. The upper end of the sieve plate 37 is outside the exhaust port, and the lower end of the sieve plate 37 is inside the connecting part 36, not in contact with it. After the broken material enters the broken material collection area 10, it is blocked by the sieve plate 37 and falls downwards. The hot air is then extracted by the exhaust fan 8. Since the humidity of the hot air output from the second drying structure is much lower than that of the hot air discharged from the air outlet 3 in the first drying structure, and its temperature drop is also not significant, the hot air extracted by the exhaust fan 8 can be input into the first drying structure through the hot air pipe 2, avoiding waste of heat energy and saving energy.
[0057] In this embodiment, the second shell 4, the lower part of the central cylinder 5, the discharge cylinder 6, and the guide cylinder 32 are all cylindrical.
[0058] like Figure 6As shown, the present invention also provides a method for drying fertilizer granules, utilizing the above-mentioned fertilizer granule drying apparatus, the method comprising:
[0059] Wet fertilizer granules are fed into the first drying structure through the feeding structure;
[0060] Hot air is blown into the first drying structure through hot air pipe 2 to dry the wet fertilizer granules for the first time and then convey them to the second drying structure.
[0061] The swirling hot air component 7 blows an upward swirling air into the drying zone 9, which blows up the fertilizer particles conveyed to the drying zone 9 for a second drying. The fertilizer particles enter the discharge cylinder 6 through multiple discharge ports 11, and the broken material enters the broken material collection area 10. The hot air is extracted by the exhaust fan 8 and input into the first drying structure through the hot air pipe 2.
[0062] Specifically, this fertilizer granule drying method utilizes the aforementioned fertilizer granule drying device. First, the granulated wet fertilizer granules are fed into the first housing 1 of the first drying structure via a feeding structure. The lower end of the first housing 1 is connected to a hot air pipe 2, and the upper end is connected to an air outlet pipe 3. Hot air delivered by the hot air pipe 2 enters the first housing 1 and is sent to the area below the conveying plate 23 via an air hood 30. The hot air passes upward through multiple ventilation holes 25 and through the conveying plate 23. Simultaneously, the wet fertilizer granules, after being distributed by the cloth-covering structure 19, enter the upper side of the conveying plate 23, and under the action of the driving mechanism... The wet fertilizer particles flow along the length of the conveyor plate 23 while moving in the width direction. The hot air flowing upward through the ventilation holes 25 dries the wet fertilizer particles on the conveyor plate 23, removing a large amount of moisture and then discharging through the air outlet pipe 3, thus achieving the first drying of the wet fertilizer particles. During the first drying process, the wet fertilizer particles are roughly laid flat on the conveyor plate 23, without the violent tumbling and impact of materials in a drum dryer. This not only reduces the adhesion or stacking of materials, but also reduces material breakage and improves the uniformity of drying. The fertilizer granules dried by the first drying structure flow from the other end of the conveyor plate 23 into the collection structure 31. After being collected by the collection structure 31, they flow into the drying zone 9 inside the second shell 4. The swirling hot air component 7 below the drying zone 9 blows an upward swirling airflow into the drying zone 9, blowing the fertilizer granules up and causing them to move upward along a spiral path along the inner wall of the second shell 4 in the drying zone 9. Under the action of hot air, a second drying is achieved. The material that has undergone the first drying has lower moisture content and is less prone to sticking. Therefore, after the discharge... When the material passes through the outlet 11, it enters the discharge cylinder 6 due to centrifugal force. Since the centrifugal force on the crushed material is smaller than that on fertilizer particles, the crushed material passes through the first filter hole 12 under the action of the exhaust fan 8 and enters the central cylinder 5. The sieve plate 37 blocks the crushed material, and the crushed material that is blocked falls downward into the crushed material collection area 10. The hot air with less heat loss and less humidity enters the first shell 1 through the hot air pipe 2 under the suction action of the exhaust fan 8 to heat the first drying structure, thus avoiding heat waste and saving energy.
[0063] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims
1. A fertilizer granule drying device, characterized in that, The device includes: A first drying structure, one end of which is provided with a feeding structure, the feeding structure being used to input wet fertilizer granules into the first drying structure, the first drying structure including a first shell, a conveying component disposed in the first shell, and a hot air pipe and an air outlet pipe connected to the first shell. The second drying structure is located at the other end of the first drying structure. The second drying structure includes a second shell, a central cylinder located inside the second shell, a discharge cylinder located on the outer side of the upper end of the second shell, a swirling hot air component located at the lower end of the second shell, and an exhaust fan located in the middle of the upper end of the second shell. The output end of the exhaust fan is connected to the hot air pipe. An annular drying zone is formed between the central cylinder and the second shell. A fragment collection zone is formed inside the central cylinder. The upper shell wall of the second shell is provided with multiple discharge ports. The upper cylinder wall of the central cylinder is provided with multiple first filter holes. The swirling hot air component can blow an upward swirling flow into the drying zone from below, and blow up the fertilizer particles input into the drying zone from the first drying structure through the swirling flow.
2. The fertilizer granule drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding structure includes a feeding hopper and a guide pipe disposed at the lower end of the feeding hopper. The lower end of the guide pipe is connected to a cloth-spreading structure, which is connected to the inlet end of the conveying component and is used to spread wet fertilizer granules along the width direction of the conveying component.
3. The fertilizer granule drying device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fabric structure includes a base plate inclinedly disposed at the lower end of the guide pipe, upright plates disposed on both sides of the base plate, and multiple material distribution columns disposed on the upper side of the base plate between the two upright plates. The multiple material distribution columns are arranged in a multi-row triangular pattern from near the guide pipe to near the conveying component. The first row near the guide pipe is provided with one material distribution column, and each subsequent row is provided with one more material distribution column than the previous row.
4. The fertilizer granule drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying component includes an inclined conveying plate with baffles on both sides. The conveying plate has multiple ventilation holes, and a driving mechanism connected to the first housing is provided on one side of the conveying plate. The driving mechanism can drive the conveying plate to move laterally back and forth.
5. The fertilizer granule drying device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower side of the conveying plate is connected to an air supply hood, which is a funnel-shaped flexible cover. The upper end of the air supply hood is connected to the outer ring of the lower surface of the conveying plate, and the lower end of the air supply hood is connected to the hot air pipe. The air outlet pipe is located at the top of the first housing.
6. The fertilizer granule drying device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the feed plate is provided with a hydrophobic coating.
7. The fertilizer granule drying device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The other end of the first housing is provided with a material collection structure. One end of the material collection structure is located below the conveying plate. The material collection structure includes an inclined support plate and material collection plates on both sides of the support plate. The two material collection plates gradually taper from the direction closer to the first drying structure to the direction closer to the second drying structure. The other end of the material collection structure is connected to the feed port at the lower end of the second housing.
8. The fertilizer granule drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swirl heating air component includes a guide tube, inside which is arranged a tube sheet and multiple spiral air ducts penetrating the tube sheet. The spiral air ducts are spiral-shaped and attached to the inner wall of the guide tube. The upper ends of the multiple spiral air ducts are evenly arranged along the inner circumference of the guide tube. The upper ends of the multiple spiral air ducts are connected to multiple hot air holes at the bottom of the second housing and located in the drying zone. A hot air blower is connected to the lower end of the guide tube.
9. The fertilizer granule drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the central cylinder is provided with a trumpet-shaped connecting part, the upper end of which is connected to the upper end of the second housing. The first filter hole is provided on the connecting part. The upper end of the central cylinder is provided with a cylindrical sieve plate that gradually narrows from bottom to top. The sieve plate is provided with a plurality of second filter holes, the diameter of which is smaller than that of the first filter holes. The upper end of the sieve plate is connected to the top cover plate of the second housing and is located outside the exhaust port of the exhaust fan. The lower end of the sieve plate is located inside the connecting part.
10. A method for drying fertilizer granules, using the fertilizer granule drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes: Wet fertilizer granules are fed into the first drying structure through the feeding structure; Hot air is blown into the first drying structure through a hot air pipe to dry the wet fertilizer granules for the first time and then convey them to the second drying structure. The swirling hot air component blows an upward swirling airflow into the drying zone, which blows up the fertilizer granules conveyed to the drying zone for a second drying. The fertilizer granules enter the discharge cylinder through multiple discharge ports, the broken material enters the broken material collection area, and the hot air is extracted by the exhaust fan and input into the first drying structure through the hot air pipe.