A diameter-changing structure for continuous drawing process of aluminum tube and its use method

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the technical field of aluminum tube drawing, and provides a diameter-changing structure for aluminum tube continuous drawing process production and a use method, comprising a support part; a lifting plate is slidably arranged on the support part, and a sleeve is fixed on its bottom surface; a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the sleeve; a diameter-changing part is rotatably arranged on the top of the rotating shaft and is matched with the lifting plate; the diameter-changing part comprises an outer mold and an inner core part that are matched with each other; an aluminum tube to be drawn is arranged between the outer mold and the inner core part; lubricating oil is contained in both the outer oil filling cavity and the inner oil filling cavity; a second spiral groove is provided on the circumferential side surface of the rotating shaft; a drawing part matched with the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove is slidably arranged on the lifting plate, and the device controls the hydraulic cylinder to pull the aluminum tube to be drawn to rise, and realizes single-pass continuous deformation of the aluminum tube to be drawn through the mutual extrusion and cooperation of the first curved surface diameter-changing cavity and the second curved surface diameter-changing cavity, and one drawing is equivalent to multiple drawing operations, which significantly improves production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum tube drawing, and more specifically, to a diameter-changing structure for aluminum tube continuous drawing process production and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum tubes are widely used in various industries, such as automobiles, ships, aerospace, aviation, electrical appliances, agriculture, electromechanical, home furnishing, etc. Aluminum tubes are everywhere in our lives. The large demand for the use of aluminum tubes requires that in the production process of aluminum tubes, the processing efficiency of aluminum tubes should be improved while ensuring the processing quality of aluminum tubes.

[0003] Aluminum tube variable diameter drawing refers to a processing method in which the aluminum tube is forced to undergo plastic deformation through a die hole under the action of an external tensile force to obtain a product with the same shape and size as the die hole. Among them, continuous drawing is a common processing method for tube drawing.

[0004] Traditional aluminum tube continuous drawing and forming mostly adopts multi-pass forming, and each single pass is only equipped with a core head and an outer die. The deformation of the tube in a single pass is small, the equipment utilization rate is low, and the production efficiency is not economical enough. At the same time, there is a problem of inconvenient lubrication during the diameter reduction processing of the aluminum tube, which causes a large friction force between the aluminum tube and the die hole, affecting the quality of the aluminum tube diameter reduction drawing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable diameter structure and a method for use in the continuous drawing process of aluminum tubes. The aluminum tube to be drawn is pulled up by controlling the hydraulic cylinder to start, and the single-pass continuous deformation of the aluminum tube to be drawn is achieved through the mutual extrusion and cooperation of the first curved surface variable diameter cavity and the second curved surface variable diameter cavity. One drawing is equivalent to multiple drawing operations in the traditional way, which significantly improves the production efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A diameter-changing structure for continuous drawing process production of aluminum tubes, comprising a support part; a lifting plate is slidably arranged on the support part, and a sleeve is fixed on the bottom surface of the support part; a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the sleeve; a diameter-changing part that is rotatably arranged on the top end of the rotating shaft and is rotatably matched with the lifting plate; the diameter-changing part comprises an outer mold and an inner core that are rotatably matched with each other; an aluminum tube to be drawn is arranged between the outer mold and the inner core; the outer mold comprises an outer mold column; a drawing cavity, a first curved diameter-changing cavity and a first sliding cavity that are interconnected are sequentially provided inside the outer mold column from top to bottom; the inner core component comprises an inner core column that is matched with the outer mold column; a cavity that is matched with the first curved diameter-changing cavity and the first sliding cavity is provided inside the inner core column from top to bottom a second curved diameter-changing cavity and a second sliding cavity; the first curved diameter-changing cavity and the second curved diameter-changing cavity are gradually expanded from top to bottom; an outer oil injection cavity is provided inside the outer mold column; the second curved diameter-changing cavity and the second sliding cavity form an inner oil injection cavity; lubricating oil is contained in both the outer oil injection cavity and the inner oil injection cavity; a plurality of first connecting rings connected with the first sliding cavity are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential side surface of the outer oil injection cavity; a plurality of second connecting rings connected with the inner oil injection cavity are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential side surface of the second sliding cavity; a first spiral groove is provided on the circumferential side surface of the outer mold column; a second spiral groove is provided on the circumferential side surface of the rotating shaft; a drawing portion adapted to the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove is slidably provided on the lifting plate.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the support part includes a top cover plate and a base arranged parallel to each other; a sliding rod is symmetrically fixed between the top cover plate and the base; a screw rod is rotatably arranged between the top cover plate and the base; guide holes symmetrically arranged on the surface of the lifting plate for sliding cooperation with the sliding rod are provided, and screw holes rotatably arranged on its surface for rotation cooperation with the screw rod thread are provided; a controller is installed on the surface of the top cover plate, and a driving motor electrically connected to the output end of the controller is installed on its surface; a baffle is fixed on the sliding rod; a pressure sensor is installed on the baffle; the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the screw rod, and its input end is electrically connected to the pressure sensor.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: a rotating hole is provided on the surface of the lifting plate; an annular groove is provided on the inner circumferential side of the rotating hole; a fixing ring which is rotatably matched with the rotating hole is fixed on the top of the outer mold column; an annular rail which is rotatably matched with the annular groove is fixed on the outer circumferential side of the fixing ring; a first oil inlet pipe is provided through and connected to the inside of the outer oil injection cavity; and a first control valve which is electrically connected to the output end of the controller is provided on the first oil inlet pipe.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: a rotating column is fixed at the bottom of the inner core column; a sliding groove is symmetrically provided inside the rotating column; a plug-in rod is slidably provided inside the sliding groove; a return spring is fixedly connected between the plug-in rod and the sliding groove; a support plate is fixed on the top of the rotating shaft; a shaft sleeve that is rotatably matched with the rotating column is fixed on the surface of the support plate; sockets that are plug-matched with the plug-in rod are symmetrically provided on the peripheral side of the shaft sleeve; an annular limit rail is fixed on the peripheral side of the rotating shaft near its bottom; a limit groove that is rotatably matched with the annular limit rail is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve; an annular oil collecting box that is coaxial with the sleeve is fixed on the surface of the base.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: a first bearing groove connected to the first sliding cavity is provided on the first connecting ring; a second bearing groove connected to the inner oil injection cavity is provided on the second connecting ring; a plurality of matching balls are provided in the first bearing groove and the second bearing groove; a plurality of oil injection holes are evenly provided between the outer oil injection cavity and the inner oil injection cavity and the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring respectively.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: sliding holes are symmetrically opened on the surface of the lifting plate; the pulling part includes a fixing plate; a first L-shaped rod and a second L-shaped rod are symmetrically fixed on the bottom surface of the fixing plate and are slidably matched with the corresponding sliding holes; the ends of the first L-shaped rod and the second L-shaped rod are respectively fixed with a first ball head and a second ball head that are slidably matched with the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: a first elastic diaphragm adapted to the outer oil injection chamber is arranged at the top thereof; a second elastic diaphragm adapted to the inner oil injection chamber is arranged at the bottom thereof; a second oil inlet pipe connected to the inner oil injection chamber is fixed at the top of the inner core column; a second control valve electrically connected to the output end of the controller is arranged on the second oil inlet pipe; a first lifting ring and a second lifting ring coaxially arranged with the outer mold column and the rotating shaft are fixed on the first L-shaped rod and the second L-shaped rod respectively; a piston cylinder is fixed through the fixed ring and the inner oil injection chamber; a piston is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder; an air pipe is arranged in communication between the piston cylinder on the outer mold column and the outer oil injection chamber; a connecting spring is fixed between the piston and the piston cylinder; a piston rod is fixed on the piston; and a guide ball is fixed on the end of the piston rod.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: a hydraulic cylinder electrically connected to the output end of the controller is fixed through the top of the top cover plate; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed plate by a fastening bolt; an extension rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixed plate; an L-shaped mounting plate is fixed to the bottom end of the extension rod; a fixed splint coaxially arranged with the outer mold column is fixed to the bottom surface of the L-shaped mounting plate; a sliding sleeve is fixed to the side of the fixed splint, and an electric push rod electrically connected to the output end of the controller is fixed to the other adjacent side thereof; an L-shaped slide plate slidably matched with the sliding sleeve is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric push rod; a movable splint is fixed to the end of the L-shaped slide plate.

[0015] A method for using a variable diameter structure for continuous drawing process production of an aluminum tube comprises the following steps:

[0016] T1. After shrinking one end of the aluminum tube to be drawn, the tube is sleeved on the inner core column, and the lifting plate is controlled to descend, driving the outer mold column to descend, so that the inner core column and the outer mold column are arranged coaxially. At this time, the aluminum tube to be drawn is placed between the inner core column and the outer mold column, and its shrinking end is inserted into the drawing cavity; the shrinking end of the aluminum tube to be drawn is clamped by a fixed clamping plate and a movable clamping plate;

[0017] T2. Control and start the hydraulic cylinder to pull the aluminum tube to be drawn upward. Through the mutual extrusion and cooperation of the first curved surface reducing cavity and the second curved surface reducing cavity, the single-pass continuous deformation of the aluminum tube to be drawn is achieved. One drawing is equivalent to multiple drawing work in the traditional way, which significantly improves the production efficiency.

[0018] T3. During the rising process of the drawing part, the first ball head and the second ball head slide on the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove respectively, thereby driving the outer mold column and the inner core column to rotate synchronously, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the ball.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention controls the hydraulic cylinder to pull the aluminum tube to be drawn upward, and realizes single-pass continuous deformation of the aluminum tube to be drawn through the mutual extrusion and cooperation of the first curved surface variable diameter cavity and the second curved surface variable diameter cavity. One drawing is equivalent to multiple drawing operations in the traditional way, which significantly improves the production efficiency.

[0021] 2. During the rising process of the drawing part of the present invention, the first ball head and the second ball head slide on the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove respectively, thereby driving the outer mold column and the inner core column to rotate synchronously, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the ball.

[0022] 3. During the rising process, the drawing part of the present invention drives the first lifting ring and the second lifting ring to rise, squeezing the corresponding guide ball, so that the air in the corresponding piston cylinder expands the corresponding elastic diaphragm to squeeze the lubricating oil in the corresponding oil injection chamber, thereby increasing the oil output of the corresponding oil injection chamber and further improving the lubrication effect of the ball. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a diameter-changing structure for continuous drawing production of an aluminum tube.

[0024] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified image of area A.

[0025] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from the front view.

[0026] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of area B.

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Magnified view of area C.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support portion of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting plate of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft of the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the diameter reducing portion of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Magnified view of area D.

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the outer module of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.11 Enlarged view of area E.

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner core member of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.14 For the present invention Fig.13 Magnified view of region F.

[0037] Fig.15 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drawing portion of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1, support part; 2, lifting plate; 3, sleeve; 4, rotating shaft; 5, diameter reducing part; 6, outer mold; 7, inner core; 8, aluminum tube to be drawn; 9, outer mold column; 10, drawing cavity; 11, first curved surface diameter reducing cavity; 12, first sliding cavity; 13, inner core column; 14, second curved surface diameter reducing cavity; 15, second sliding cavity; 16, outer oil injection cavity; 17, inner oil injection cavity; 18, lubricating oil; 19, first connecting ring; 20 , second connecting ring; 21, first spiral groove; 22, second spiral groove; 23, drawing part; 24, top cover plate; 25, base; 26, slide rod; 27, screw rod; 28, guide hole; 29, screw hole; 30, controller; 31, drive motor; 32, baffle; 33, pressure sensor; 34, rotating hole; 35, annular groove; 36, fixing ring; 37, annular rail; 38, first oil inlet pipe; 39, rotating column; 40 , slide groove; 41, plug rod; 42, return spring; 43, support plate; 44, shaft sleeve; 45, plug hole; 46, annular limit rail; 47, limit groove; 48, first bearing groove; 49, second bearing groove; 50, ball; 51, oil injection hole; 52, slide hole; 53, fixing plate; 54, first L-shaped rod; 55, second L-shaped rod; 56, first ball head; 57, second ball head; 58, first elastic diaphragm; 59, The second elastic diaphragm; 60, the second oil inlet pipe; 61, the first lifting ring; 62, the second lifting ring; 63, the piston cylinder; 64, the piston; 65, the air pipe; 66, the connecting spring; 67, the piston rod; 68, the guide ball; 69, the hydraulic cylinder; 70, the extension rod; 71, the L-shaped mounting plate; 72, the fixed clamping plate; 73, the sliding sleeve; 74, the electric push rod; 75, the L-shaped slide plate; 76, the movable clamping plate; 77, the annular oil collecting tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0040] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the directions used, such as "up" and "down", usually refer to the directions shown in the drawings, or to the vertical, perpendicular or gravity directions; similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left" and "right" usually refer to the left and right shown in the drawings; "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself, but the above-mentioned directions are not used to limit the present invention.

[0042] For example, see Figure 1-15 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0043] A diameter-changing structure for continuous drawing process production of aluminum tubes, specifically, comprises a support part 1; a lifting plate 2 is slidably arranged on the support part 1, and a sleeve 3 is fixed on the bottom surface thereof; a rotating shaft 4 is rotatably arranged on the sleeve 3; a diameter-changing part 5 which is rotatably arranged on the top of the rotating shaft 4 and is rotatably matched with the lifting plate 2; the diameter-changing part 5 comprises an outer mold part 6 and an inner core part 7 which are rotatably matched with each other; an aluminum tube 8 to be drawn is arranged between the outer mold part 6 and the inner core part 7; the outer mold part 6 comprises an outer mold column 9; a drawing cavity 10, a first curved diameter-changing cavity 11 and a first sliding cavity 12 which are interconnected are sequentially provided inside the outer mold column 9 from top to bottom; the inner core part 7 comprises an inner core column 13 which is matched with the outer mold column 9; a second curved surface which is matched with the first curved diameter-changing cavity 11 and the first sliding cavity 12 is provided inside the inner core column 13 from top to bottom A variable diameter cavity 14 and a second sliding cavity 15; the first curved variable diameter cavity 11 and the second curved variable diameter cavity 14 are gradually expanded from top to bottom; an outer oil injection cavity 16 is provided inside the outer mold column 9; the second curved variable diameter cavity 14 and the second sliding cavity 15 form an inner oil injection cavity 17; lubricating oil 18 is contained inside the outer oil injection cavity 16 and the inner oil injection cavity 17; a plurality of first connecting rings 19 connected to the first sliding cavity 12 are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential side surface of the outer oil injection cavity 16; a plurality of second connecting rings 20 connected to the inner oil injection cavity 17 are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential side surface of the second sliding cavity 15; a first spiral groove 21 is provided on the circumferential side surface of the outer mold column 9; a second spiral groove 22 is provided on the circumferential side surface of the rotating shaft 4; a drawing portion 23 adapted to the first spiral groove 21 and the second spiral groove 22 is slidably provided on the lifting plate 2.

[0044] Working principle of the first embodiment:

[0045] The clamped aluminum tube 8 to be drawn is driven to rise by controlling the drawing portion 23, and the mutual extrusion and cooperation of the first curved surface reducing cavity 11 and the second curved surface reducing cavity 14 are used to realize single-pass continuous deformation of the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn. One drawing is equivalent to multiple drawing operations in the traditional way, which significantly improves the production efficiency. During the rising process of the drawing portion 23, the first ball head 56 and the second ball head 57 slide on the first spiral groove 21 and the second spiral groove 22 respectively, thereby driving the outer mold column 9 and the inner core column 13 to rotate synchronously, thereby improving the lubrication effect.

[0046] For example 2, please refer to Figure 1-15, this embodiment 2 makes the following improvements on the basis of embodiment 1. Specifically, the support part 1 includes a top cover plate 24 and a base 25 arranged in parallel with each other; a sliding rod 26 is symmetrically fixed between the top cover plate 24 and the base 25; a screw rod 27 is rotatably arranged between the top cover plate 24 and the base 25; guide holes 28 symmetrically arranged on the surface of the lifting plate 2 for sliding cooperation with the sliding rod 26 are provided, and screw holes 29 arranged on its surface for threaded rotation cooperation with the screw rod 27 are provided; a controller 30 is installed on the surface of the top cover plate 24, and a driving motor 31 electrically connected to the output end of the controller 30 is installed on its surface; a baffle 32 is fixed on the sliding rod 26; a pressure sensor 33 is installed on the baffle 32; the output end of the driving motor 31 is fixedly connected to the top end of the screw rod 27, and its input end is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 33.

[0047] A hydraulic cylinder 69 electrically connected to the output end of the controller 30 is fixed through the top of the top cover plate 24; the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 69 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 53 by fastening bolts; an extension rod 70 is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixed plate 53; an L-shaped mounting plate 71 is fixed to the bottom end of the extension rod 70; a fixed clamping plate 72 coaxially arranged with the outer mold column 9 is fixed to the bottom surface of the L-shaped mounting plate 71; a sliding sleeve 73 is fixed to the side of the fixed clamping plate 72, and an electric push rod 74 electrically connected to the output end of the controller 30 is fixed to the other adjacent side thereof; an L-shaped slide plate 75 slidingly matched with the sliding sleeve 73 is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric push rod 74; a movable clamping plate 76 is fixed to the end of the L-shaped slide plate 75.

[0048] Working principle of the second embodiment:

[0049] After shrinking one end of the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn, it is sleeved on the inner core column 13, and the drive motor 31 is controlled to start to drive the screw 27 to rotate, thereby driving the lifting plate 2 and the outer mold 6 to synchronously descend along the slide rod 26. When the bottom surface of the lifting plate 2 is pressed against the pressure sensor 33, the pressure sensor 33 transmits a signal to the controller 30, and the controller 30 controls the stop of the drive motor 31, so that the inner core column 13 and the outer mold column 9 are coaxially arranged. At this time, the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn is placed between the inner core column 13 and the outer mold column 9, and its shrinking end is inserted into the drawing cavity 10 and extends outward.

[0050] By controlling the hydraulic cylinder 69 to descend, the drawing part 23 is driven to descend, so that the shrinking end of the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn is placed between the fixed clamping plate 72 and the movable clamping plate 76, and the electric push rod 74 is controlled to drive the L-shaped slide plate 75 to slide, thereby driving the movable clamping plate 76 to move toward the fixed clamping plate 72, clamping and fixing the shrinking end of the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn, completing the preparation work before the aluminum tube diameter reduction drawing.

[0051] For example 3, please refer to Figure 1-15The third embodiment of the present invention makes the following improvements on the basis of the second embodiment. Specifically, a rotating hole 34 is provided on the surface of the lifting plate 2; an annular groove 35 is provided on the inner peripheral side of the rotating hole 34; a fixing ring 36 rotatably matched with the rotating hole 34 is fixed on the top of the outer mold column 9; an annular rail 37 rotatably matched with the annular groove 35 is fixed on the outer peripheral side of the fixing ring 36; a first oil inlet pipe 38 is provided through and connected to the inside of the outer oil injection cavity 16; a first control valve electrically connected to the output end of the controller 30 is provided on the first oil inlet pipe 38.

[0052] A rotating column 39 is fixed to the bottom of the inner core column 13; a slide groove 40 is symmetrically provided inside the rotating column 39; a plug-in rod 41 is slidably provided inside the slide groove 40; a return spring 42 is fixedly connected between the plug-in rod 41 and the slide groove 40; a support plate 43 is fixed to the top of the rotating shaft 4; a shaft sleeve 44 that rotatably cooperates with the rotating column 39 is fixed on the surface of the support plate 43; sockets 45 that plug and cooperate with the plug-in rod 41 are symmetrically provided on the side surface of the shaft sleeve 44; an annular limit rail 46 is fixed to the side surface of the rotating shaft 4 near its bottom; a limit groove 47 that rotatably cooperates with the annular limit rail 46 is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 3; an annular oil collecting box 77 that is coaxial with the sleeve 3 is fixed on the surface of the base 25.

[0053] The first connecting ring 19 is provided with a first bearing groove 48 connected with the first sliding cavity 12; the second connecting ring 20 is provided with a second bearing groove 49 connected with the inner oil filling cavity 17; a plurality of matching balls 50 are arranged in the first bearing groove 48 and the second bearing groove 49; a plurality of oil filling holes 51 are evenly provided between the outer oil filling cavity 16 and the inner oil filling cavity 17 and the first connecting ring 19 and the second connecting ring 20 respectively.

[0054] The lifting plate 2 has sliding holes 52 symmetrically formed on its surface; the pulling portion 23 includes a fixing plate 53; a first L-shaped rod 54 and a second L-shaped rod 55 symmetrically fixed to the bottom surface of the fixing plate 53 that slide with the corresponding sliding holes 52; a first ball head 56 and a second ball head 57 that slide with the first spiral groove 21 and the second spiral groove 22 are fixed to the ends of the first L-shaped rod 54 and the second L-shaped rod 55, respectively.

[0055] Working principle of the third embodiment:

[0056] By inserting the rotating column 39 into the shaft sleeve 44, the plug-in rod 41 is driven to be inserted into the corresponding plug hole 45 under the elastic force of the return spring 42, so that the rotating shaft 4 and the inner core column 13 are quickly fixed and installed.

[0057] The lubricating oil 18 in the outer oil filling chamber 16 and the inner oil filling chamber 17 enter the first bearing groove 48 and the second bearing groove 49 in the first connecting ring 19 and the second connecting ring 20 respectively through the corresponding oil filling holes 51. During the rising process of the drawing part 23, the first ball head 56 and the second ball head 57 slide on the first spiral groove 21 and the second spiral groove 22 respectively, thereby driving the outer mold column 9 and the inner core column 13 to rotate synchronously, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the ball 50 on the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side of the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn between the outer mold column 9 and the inner core column 13.

[0058] Example 4, please refer to Figure 1-15 , the fourth embodiment makes the following improvements on the basis of the third embodiment. Specifically, a first elastic diaphragm 58 adapted to the outer oil injection chamber 16 is arranged at the top; a second elastic diaphragm 59 adapted to the inner oil injection chamber 17 is arranged at the bottom; a second oil inlet pipe 60 connected to the inner oil injection chamber 17 is fixed at the top of the inner core column 13; a second control valve electrically connected to the output end of the controller 30 is arranged on the second oil inlet pipe 60; a first lifting ring 61 and a second lifting ring 62 coaxially arranged with the outer mold column 9 and the rotating shaft 4 are fixed on the first L-shaped rod 54 and the second L-shaped rod 55 respectively; a piston cylinder 63 is fixed through the fixed ring 36 and the inner oil injection chamber 17; a piston 64 is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder 63; an air pipe 65 is arranged between the piston cylinder 63 on the outer mold column 9 and the outer oil injection chamber 16; a connecting spring 66 is fixed between the piston 64 and the piston cylinder 63; a piston rod 67 is fixed on the piston 64; and a guide ball 68 is fixed at the end of the piston rod 67.

[0059] Working principle of the fourth embodiment:

[0060] During the rising process, the drawing part 23 drives the first lifting ring 61 and the second lifting ring 62 to rise, thereby squeezing the corresponding guide ball 68, causing the corresponding piston 64 to rise in the corresponding piston cylinder 63, and discharging the air in the corresponding piston cylinder 63 into the corresponding outer oil filling chamber 16 and inner oil filling chamber 17, respectively, so that the first elastic diaphragm 58 and the second elastic diaphragm 59 are inflated and expanded, thereby gradually squeezing the lubricating oil 18 in the outer oil filling chamber 16 and the inner oil filling chamber 17, thereby increasing the oil output of the outer oil filling chamber 16 and the inner oil filling chamber 17, and further improving the lubrication effect of the ball 50.

[0061] A method for using a variable diameter structure for continuous drawing process production of an aluminum tube comprises the following steps:

[0062] T1. After shrinking one end of the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn, put it on the inner core column 13, control the lifting plate 2 to descend, drive the outer mold column 9 to descend, so that the inner core column 13 and the outer mold column 9 are arranged coaxially. At this time, the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn is placed between the inner core column 13 and the outer mold column 9, and its shrinking end is inserted into the drawing cavity 10; the shrinking end of the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn is clamped by the fixed clamping plate 72 and the movable clamping plate 76.

[0063] T2. Control and start the hydraulic cylinder 69 to pull the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn upward. Through the mutual extrusion and cooperation of the first curved surface reducing cavity 11 and the second curved surface reducing cavity 14, the single-pass continuous deformation of the aluminum tube 8 to be drawn is achieved. One drawing is equivalent to multiple drawing operations in the traditional way, which significantly improves the production efficiency.

[0064] T3, during the rising process of the drawing portion 23, the first ball head 56 and the second ball head 57 slide on the first spiral groove 21 and the second spiral groove 22 respectively, thereby driving the outer mold column 9 and the inner core column 13 to rotate synchronously, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the ball 50.

[0065] Obviously, the above-described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0067] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable diameter structure for continuous drawing of aluminum tubes, comprising a support portion (1); characterized in that: A lifting plate (2) is slidably arranged on the support portion (1), and a sleeve (3) is fixed on the bottom surface thereof; a rotating shaft (4) is rotatably arranged on the sleeve (3); a reducing portion (5) rotatably arranged at the top end of the rotating shaft (4) and rotatably matched with the lifting plate (2); The diameter-changing portion (5) comprises an outer mold part (6) and an inner core part which are rotatably matched with each other. (7); an aluminum tube (8) to be drawn is arranged between the outer mold (6) and the inner core (7); The outer mold part (6) comprises an outer mold column (9); the outer mold column (9) is provided with a drawing cavity (10), a first curved surface diameter-changing cavity (11), and a first sliding cavity (12) which are interconnected from top to bottom. The inner core member (7) comprises an inner core column (13) adapted to the outer mold column (9); the inner core column (13) is provided with a second curved diameter-changing cavity (14) and a second sliding cavity (15) adapted to the first curved diameter-changing cavity (11) and the first sliding cavity (12) from top to bottom; the first curved diameter-changing cavity (11) and the second curved diameter-changing cavity (14) are gradually expanded from top to bottom; An outer oil injection cavity (16) is provided inside the outer mold column (9); the second curved diameter-changing cavity (14) and the second sliding cavity (15) form an inner oil injection cavity (17); lubricating oil (18) is contained inside the outer oil injection cavity (16) and the inner oil injection cavity (17); a plurality of first connecting rings (19) communicating with the first sliding cavity (12) are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential side surface of the outer oil injection cavity (16); a plurality of second connecting rings (20) communicating with the inner oil injection cavity (17) are evenly arranged on the inner circumferential side surface of the second sliding cavity (15); The outer mold column (9) is provided with a first spiral groove (21) on its circumferential side surface; the rotating shaft (4) is provided with a second spiral groove (22) on its circumferential side surface; and the lifting plate (2) is slidably provided with a drawing portion (23) adapted to the first spiral groove (21) and the second spiral groove (22); The first connecting ring (19) is provided with a first bearing groove (48) connected to the first sliding cavity (12); the second connecting ring (20) is provided with a second bearing groove (49) connected to the inner oil injection cavity (17); a plurality of matching balls (50) are arranged in the first bearing groove (48) and the second bearing groove (49); a plurality of oil injection holes (51) are evenly arranged between the outer oil injection cavity (16) and the inner oil injection cavity (17) and the first connecting ring (19) and the second connecting ring (20); The lifting plate (2) has sliding holes (52) symmetrically formed on its surface; the pulling portion (23) comprises a fixing plate (53); a first L-shaped rod (54) and a second L-shaped rod (55) symmetrically fixed to the bottom surface of the fixing plate (53) for sliding engagement with the corresponding sliding holes (52); a first ball head (56) and a second ball head (57) for sliding engagement with the first spiral groove (21) and the second spiral groove (22) are fixed to the ends of the first L-shaped rod (54) and the second L-shaped rod (55) respectively; The top of the outer oil injection chamber (16) is provided with a first elastic diaphragm (58) adapted thereto; the bottom of the inner oil injection chamber (17) is provided with a second elastic diaphragm (59) adapted thereto; a second oil inlet pipe (60) connected to the inner oil injection chamber (17) is fixed at the top of the inner core column (13); a second control valve electrically connected to the output end of the controller (30) is provided on the second oil inlet pipe (60); a first lifting ring (61) and a second lifting ring (62) coaxially arranged with the outer mold column (9) and the rotating shaft (4) are fixed on the first L-shaped rod (54) and the second L-shaped rod (55), respectively; the lifting plate (2) A rotating hole (34) is provided on the surface; a fixing ring (36) is fixed on the top of the outer mold column (9) and is rotatably matched with the rotating hole (34); a piston cylinder (63) is fixed through the fixing ring (36) and the inner oil injection chamber (17); a piston (64) is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder (63); an air pipe (65) is arranged between the piston cylinder (63) on the outer mold column (9) and the outer oil injection chamber (16); a connecting spring (66) is fixed between the piston (64) and the piston cylinder (63); a piston rod (67) is fixed on the piston (64); and a guide ball (68) is fixed at the end of the piston rod (67).

2. The variable diameter structure for continuous drawing of aluminum tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support portion (1) comprises a top cover plate (24) and a base (25) which are arranged parallel to each other; a sliding rod (26) is symmetrically fixed between the top cover plate (24) and the base (25); and a screw rod (27) is rotatably arranged between the top cover plate (24) and the base (25); The lifting plate (2) has guide holes (28) symmetrically formed on its surface for sliding engagement with the slide rod (26), and a screw hole (29) rotatably formed on its surface for threaded engagement with the screw rod (27); A controller (30) is mounted on the surface of the top cover plate (24), and a drive motor (31) electrically connected to an output end of the controller (30) is mounted on the surface of the top cover plate (24); a baffle (32) is fixed on the slide bar (26); a pressure sensor (33) is mounted on the baffle (32); the output end of the drive motor (31) is fixedly connected to the top end of the screw rod (27), and the input end thereof is electrically connected to the pressure sensor (33).

3. The variable diameter structure for continuous drawing of aluminum tubes according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular groove (35) is formed on the inner side of the rotating hole (34); an annular rail (37) is fixed on the outer side of the fixing ring (36) to rotate with the annular groove (35); a first oil inlet pipe (38) is provided to penetrate and communicate with the interior of the external oil injection chamber (16); and a first control valve electrically connected to an output end of the controller (30) is provided on the first oil inlet pipe (38).

4. The variable diameter structure for continuous drawing of aluminum tubes according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating column (39) is fixed at the bottom of the inner core column (13); a sliding groove (40) is symmetrically provided inside the rotating column (39); a plug-in rod (41) is slidably provided inside the sliding groove (40); a return spring (42) is fixedly connected between the plug-in rod (41) and the sliding groove (40); A support plate (43) is fixed on the top of the rotating shaft (4); a shaft sleeve (44) rotatably matched with the rotating column (39) is fixed on the surface of the support plate (43); and plug holes (45) symmetrically provided on the side surface of the shaft sleeve (44) for plugging and matching with the plug rod (41); An annular limiting rail (46) is fixed to the side surface of the rotating shaft (4) near its bottom; a limiting groove (47) is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (3) for rotationally cooperating with the annular limiting rail (46); and an annular oil collecting box (77) is fixed to the surface of the base (25) and is arranged coaxially with the sleeve (3).

5. The variable diameter structure for continuous drawing of aluminum tubes according to claim 4, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder (69) electrically connected to an output end of a controller (30) is fixedly passed through the top of the top cover plate (24); the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (69) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (53) by means of a fastening bolt; An extension rod (70) is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixed plate (53); an L-shaped mounting plate (71) is fixed to the bottom end of the extension rod (70); a fixed clamping plate (72) is fixed to the bottom surface of the L-shaped mounting plate (71) and is arranged coaxially with the outer mold column (9); a sliding sleeve (73) is fixed to the side of the fixed clamping plate (72), and an electric push rod (74) electrically connected to the output end of the controller (30) is fixed to the other adjacent side; an L-shaped slide plate (75) slidably matched with the slide sleeve (73) is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric push rod (74); and a movable clamping plate (76) is fixed to the end of the L-shaped slide plate (75).

6. The method for using the variable diameter structure for continuous drawing process of aluminum tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: T1. After shrinking one end of the aluminum tube (8) to be drawn, the tube is sleeved on the inner core column (13), and the lifting plate (2) is controlled to descend, driving the outer mold column (9) to descend, so that the inner core column (13) and the outer mold column (9) are arranged coaxially. At this time, the aluminum tube (8) to be drawn is placed between the inner core column (13) and the outer mold column (9), and its shrinking end is inserted into the drawing cavity (10); the shrinking end of the aluminum tube (8) to be drawn is clamped by a fixed clamping plate (72) and a movable clamping plate (76); T2, controlling and starting the hydraulic cylinder (69) to pull the aluminum tube (8) to be drawn upward, and realizing single-pass continuous deformation of the aluminum tube (8) to be drawn through mutual extrusion and cooperation between the first curved surface diameter-changing cavity (11) and the second curved surface diameter-changing cavity (14). One-pass drawing is equivalent to multiple-pass drawing work in the traditional way, which significantly improves production efficiency; T3. During the ascending process of the drawing portion (23), the first ball head (56) and the second ball head (57) slide on the first spiral groove (21) and the second spiral groove (22) respectively, thereby driving the outer mold column (9) and the inner core column (13) to rotate synchronously, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the ball (50).

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