Laser cutting device and cutting process for differential case

Abstract

The present application relates to a laser cutting device and cutting process for a differential housing, and relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, which includes a frame, a workbench arranged on the frame, and a laser cutting head arranged on the frame, wherein the frame is provided with a driving member for adjusting the laser cutting head in the X, Y, and Z directions, and the workbench is provided with a clamping assembly for clamping and rotating the differential housing. The present application has the effect of facilitating laser cutting of the special-shaped cutting groove of the differential housing, and at the same time not easily affecting the rotation angle of the laser head and the quality of the inner wall of the differential housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and in particular to a laser cutting device and cutting process for a differential case. Background Art

[0002] The automobile differential is a mechanism that enables the left and right drive wheels to rotate at different speeds. During the production process of the differential, a differential housing needs to be produced. However, after the differential housing is produced, it is necessary to drill and cut the differential housing according to different car models. Conventional drilling requires the use of boring machines and milling machines for drilling and grooving. The surface of the differential housing processed by machine tools will have many burrs, so additional deburring operations are required. Therefore, when processing the differential housing, laser cutting is often used to perform laser cutting on the differential housing.

[0003] A Chinese patent document with publication number CN115781061A discloses a laser cutting device, including a machine platform, a hollow shaft motor and a laser. The hollow shaft motor is configured to move along the Y-axis direction on the machine platform, and the hollow shaft motor has a hollow rotating shaft in a cantilever state; the laser is configured to move along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction on the machine platform, and the laser has a laser head for emitting laser lines. The technician places the differential housing on the machine platform, and clamps and rotates the differential housing through an additionally arranged robot, and then the laser head cuts the differential housing.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, since the differential housing is a hollow shell shape, and the position where the differential housing needs to be cut is used to install other components, and it is necessary to prevent other components from being easily detached from the differential housing, the cut groove needs to have an opening width narrower than the inner width. Moreover, when the laser cutting head is cutting, if cutting is performed from the inside of the differential housing to the outside, the inner wall of the differential housing has a significant limiting effect on the rotation angle of the laser head, making it difficult to cut. If cutting is performed from the outer wall of the differential housing to the inside, the light beam of the laser cutting head will pass through the perforation and affect the quality of the inner wall of the differential housing, so this needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to facilitate laser cutting of special-shaped cutting grooves of a differential case without easily affecting the rotation angle of a laser head and the quality of the inner wall of the differential case, the present application provides a laser cutting device and a cutting process for a differential case.

[0006] The present application provides a laser cutting device and cutting process for a differential case using the following technical solutions:

[0007] A laser cutting device and cutting process for a differential housing, comprising a frame, a workbench arranged on the frame, and a laser cutting head arranged on the frame, wherein the frame is provided with a driving member for adjusting the laser cutting head in the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction, and the workbench is provided with a clamping assembly for clamping and rotating the differential housing;

[0008] The clamping assembly comprises a mounting rod rotatably arranged on a workbench, a clamping member arranged on the mounting rod, and a power member arranged on the mounting rod for driving the differential housing to rotate, the clamping member comprises a clamping rod slidably arranged on the mounting rod, the clamping rod movably protrudes from the end side of the mounting rod, the clamping rod protruding from the end side of the mounting rod is in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the differential housing, the clamping rod is provided with a plurality of groups, the plurality of groups of the clamping rods are arranged at intervals along the circumference direction of the mounting rod, and the mounting rod is also provided with a synchronization member for synchronously adjusting the plurality of groups of the clamping rods;

[0009] The reflective assembly includes a reflective block arranged on the mounting rod, the reflective block is coated with a reflective layer, and the reflective blocks are arranged in an inclined state on the surface of the mounting rod. When the laser of the laser cutting head penetrates the differential housing, the laser is reflected by the reflective layer and reflected to the part of the differential housing that needs to be cut for preheating.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, since the laser cutting head is driven by a driving member, when the laser cutting head is driven to rotate without changing the inclination angle of the laser cutting head, it is necessary to accurately calculate the travel distance of the laser cutting head. Through the above setting, when the differential housing needs to be laser cut, the technician first places the differential housing to be processed on the mounting rod, and synchronously adjusts multiple clamping rods through synchronizers so that the end side of the clamping rod is pressed against the inner wall of the differential housing, thereby fixing the differential housing. At this time, the laser cutting head is adjusted through the driving member so that the laser cutting head is facing the position where cutting is required, and at the same time, the inclination angle of the laser cutting head is consistent with the angle of the differential housing to be cut, and then the differential housing is rotated to achieve precise laser cutting of the differential housing.

[0011] At the same time, when the laser cutting head penetrates the differential housing for laser cutting, in order to reduce the impact of the laser on the inner wall of the housing after penetrating the differential housing, the reflective block and the reflective layer are set to reflect the laser penetrating the differential housing to the position where it needs to be cut. At this time, the laser energy is reduced after one reflection. At this time, the differential housing is preheated to reduce the stress concentration caused by local overheating during laser cutting, thereby improving the laser cutting efficiency and laser cutting quality, and reducing edge burrs caused by uneven temperature.

[0012] Optionally, the reflective blocks are provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of reflective blocks are arranged at intervals along the circumference direction of the mounting rod, the inclination angles of adjacent reflective blocks are inconsistent, and the mounting rod is rotatably set on the workbench, and the workbench is also provided with a rotating part for rotationally adjusting the mounting rod.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, since the aperture sizes required for cutting are inconsistent for differential housings of different sizes, and the inclination angles of the cutting holes are also inconsistent, and since the position of the light damper is fixed, in order to reduce the safety hazards caused by the inconsistent angles of the laser after it is reflected and penetrates the differential housing, by setting multiple groups of reflection blocks with inconsistent inclination angles, when cutting holes with different apertures and different inclination angles, the reflection blocks can reflect the laser after the laser cutting head penetrates the differential housing to the position of the light blocker, thereby improving the safety performance of the entire differential housing during laser cutting, thereby reducing the errors caused by laser cutting of different differential housings.

[0014] Optionally, a fixing cylinder is provided on the mounting rod, the clamping rod is slidably arranged in the fixing cylinder, the synchronizing member includes a synchronizing ring rotatably sleeved on the clamping rod, the synchronizing ring is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the mounting rod is rotatably connected to a rotating disk, and the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rotating disk at one end away from the synchronizing ring.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when laser cutting is performed on differential cases with different inner diameters, the technician first rotates the rotating disk. The rotation of the rotating disk drives the synchronizer ring to move closer to / away from the rotating cylinder. Since the synchronizer ring is sleeved on the clamping rod, the clamping rod is driven to slide in the fixed cylinder until the end side of the clamping rod is tightly pressed against the inner circumferential wall of the differential case. At this time, after the position of the rotating disk is fixed, the clamping rod is stably pressed against the inner circumferential wall of the differential case, so that the differential case is not easy to shake relative to the rotating disk, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of laser cutting.

[0016] Optionally, one end of the clamping rod away from the rotating disk is tightly fitted against the inner circumferential wall of the differential case, and a clamping wheel is provided on the clamping rod. The roller of the clamping wheel protrudes out of the surface of the clamping rod, and the clamping wheel is fitted against the inner bottom wall of the differential case. A first bevel gear is provided on the side of the fixed cylinder away from the clamping rod, and a second bevel gear is rotatably arranged in the mounting rod. Multiple first bevel gears on the fixed cylinder are meshed with the second bevel gear, and a power component for driving the second bevel gear is provided on the mounting rod.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the power part drives the second bevel gear to rotate, thereby driving the multiple first bevel gears to rotate, the multiple first bevel gears rotate, driving the clamping wheel to rotate, thereby driving the clamping wheel to rotate, and the clamping wheel drives the differential housing to rotate, thereby realizing laser cutting of the differential housing, and through the coordinated action of the clamping rod and the clamping wheel, there is no need to drive the laser cutting head to rotate, thereby improving the accuracy of laser cutting of the differential housing.

[0018] Optionally, an adjusting disk is rotatably provided on the mounting rod, and the adjusting disk rotates synchronously with the rotating disk. The reflective block is provided on the adjusting disk. When the rotating disk rotates until the extended length of the clamping rod changes, the reflective block corresponding to the perforation of the laser cutting head also changes accordingly.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, since the apertures opened for different sizes also need to be changed when laser cutting is performed on differential housings of different diameters and sizes, and the inclination of the cutting hole will also change, the adjusting disk and the rotating disk are set to rotate synchronously, and when the rotating disk is rotated and adjusted, the length of the clamping rod extended is driven to change, so that when laser cutting is performed to open holes for differential housings of different diameters, the position of the reflective block is adjusted synchronously, so that when opening cutting holes of different inclinations, the laser can be reflected, and the differential housing can be preheated, thereby improving the flatness and cutting quality of the laser cutting.

[0020] Optionally, a heat dissipation cavity is provided on the bottom side of the mounting rod, heat dissipation blades are rotatably provided in the heat dissipation cavity, a cooling member for driving the heat dissipation blades to rotate is further provided on the mounting rod, and when the heat dissipation blades rotate, heat generated by laser cutting is extracted from the adjusting disk, a dust collecting box is further provided on the mounting rod, a first connecting hole connected to the dust collecting box is provided on the adjusting disk, the first connecting hole is located on the lower side of the reflecting block, a second connecting hole connected to the dust collecting box is provided on the inner side wall of the heat dissipation cavity, filter plates are slidably provided at the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, and a switching member is provided on the mounting rod;

[0021] When the differential housing is laser cut, the switching member causes the filter plate of the first communicating hole to filter, and the filter plate at the second communicating hole opens the second communicating hole;

[0022] After the cutting is completed, the switching member enables the filter plate at the second communicating hole to filter, while the filter plate at the first communicating hole opens the first communicating hole.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, since the setting of the adjustment disk is equivalent to forming a closed cavity, the high heat generated by the laser cutting will be in the cavity. When the differential housing is cut, the cooling member drives the heat dissipation blades to rotate, and the heat dissipation blades extract the high heat generated by the laser cutting, thereby cooling the heat generated during the laser cutting.

[0024] When laser cutting is performed, the switching member adjusts the filter plate at the first connecting hole so that the filter plate at the first connecting hole filters the cutting chips. The negative pressure generated at this time sucks the cutting chips generated during laser cutting, causing the cutting chips to fall along the inclined reflective block to the first connecting hole and fall onto the filter plate at the first connecting hole.

[0025] When the cutting is completed, the filter plate at the second connecting hole blocks the second connecting hole, and the filter plate at the first connecting hole opens the first connecting hole. During the sliding of the filter plate in the first connecting hole, the cutting chips falling on the filter plate are scraped into the dust box for collection. At the same time, since the filter plate at the second connecting hole blocks the cutting chips at this time, the cutting chips are reduced from falling onto the heat dissipation blades through the second connecting hole to affect the rotation efficiency of the heat dissipation blades, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation blades.

[0026] At the same time, by alternately adjusting the filter plates at the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, the insufficient negative pressure caused by the presence of filter plates at both the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole is reduced, and the efficiency of collecting and processing the cutting chips generated during laser cutting is reduced. The efficient collection and processing of the cutting chips is achieved by switching between the two states.

[0027] Optionally, the cooling member includes a first adjusting gear provided on the clamping rod and a second adjusting gear provided on the heat dissipation blade shaft, and the first adjusting gear is meshed with the second adjusting gear.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, when the power member drives the second bevel gear to rotate and drives the first bevel gear to rotate, when the second bevel gear drives the clamping rod to rotate, the first adjusting gear on the clamping rod drives the meshing second adjusting gear to rotate, thereby driving the heat dissipation blades to rotate continuously, so as to continuously dissipate heat during the laser cutting process, without the need for an external power source, and automatically realizes the collection and cleaning of cutting chips during the rotational cutting of the differential housing.

[0029] Optionally, the switching member includes a switching rod that slides and passes through the adjusting disk, one end of the switching rod protrudes from the surface of the adjusting disk, and the other end of the switching rod is movably inserted into the mounting rod, and the protruding end of the switching rod is movably engaged with the inner bottom wall of the differential case, a first adjusting rod is slidably arranged in the adjusting disk, one end of the first adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the filter plate in the first connecting hole, the other end of the first adjusting rod is inclined, and the inclined side of the first adjusting rod is tightly engaged with the outer peripheral wall of the switching rod, a second adjusting rod is slidably arranged in the mounting rod, one end of the second adjusting rod is connected to the filter plate in the second connecting hole, the end side of the second adjusting rod is also inclined, and the end side of the second adjusting rod is tightly engaged with the switching rod.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, when the differential housing is placed on the adjusting disk for laser cutting, under the action of gravity, the differential housing slides against the switching rod, so that the switching rod is pressed against the first adjusting rod at this time. Since the end side of the first adjusting rod is inclined, the first adjusting rod moves in a direction close to and deep into the first connecting hole, driving the filter plate to slide into the first connecting hole. At the same time, the second adjusting rod moves in a direction away from the second connecting hole, so that the filter plate connected to the second adjusting rod is separated from the second connecting hole. At this time, the negative pressure generated by the rotation of the heat dissipation blades cleans the cutting chips generated during cutting through the second connecting hole and the first connecting hole.

[0031] After the cutting is completed, the differential housing is removed from the adjusting disk. At this time, the switching rod rebounds under the action of the elastic restoring force, driving the first adjusting rod to move away from the first connecting hole, and the second adjusting rod to move toward the second connecting hole, so that the filter plate and the inner peripheral wall of the first connecting hole are scraped, thereby realizing the cleaning operation of the cutting chips on the filter plate, which is convenient for collecting and cleaning the cutting chips generated during laser cutting.

[0032] Optionally, the dust collecting box is provided with a dust collecting pipe, a plurality of groups of the first communicating holes are provided, and the plurality of groups of the first communicating holes correspond one-to-one to a plurality of reflecting blocks, and the dust collecting pipe is selectively connected to one of the plurality of the first communicating holes.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, when laser cutting is performed on differential cases of different diameters and sizes, in the process of rotating the rotating disk to drive the adjusting disk to rotate, the dust collecting tube is connected to the corresponding different first connecting holes, thereby achieving the suction and cleaning of cutting chips when laser cutting is performed on differential cases of different diameters and sizes.

[0034] The present application also provides a laser cutting process for a differential housing, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0035] S1, pre-fixation, first the technician places the differential housing to be processed on the workbench, with the opening end of the differential housing to be processed facing the workbench, and presses the differential housing downward under the action of gravity to achieve pre-fixation, and determines the inclination angle of the laser cutting head in advance according to the diameter of the differential housing;

[0036] S2, by rotating the rotating disk, the clamping rod is extended out of the mounting rod until the end side of the clamping rod is in contact with the inner circumferential wall of the differential housing, thereby fixing the differential housing;

[0037] S3, start the laser cutting head, and drive the first bevel gear to rotate through an external power source, thereby driving the second bevel gear to rotate, and then driving the abutment wheel to rotate, so as to realize the rotation of the differential housing and realize the laser cutting of the differential housing;

[0038] S4, during cutting, the heat dissipation blades rotate to generate negative pressure, which absorbs the cutting chips generated during cutting and makes the cutting chips fall onto the filter plate of the first connecting hole. After cutting, the technician removes the differential housing. At this time, the filter plate in the first connecting hole opens the first connecting hole, and the dust box collects and processes the cutting chips generated during cutting.

[0039] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0040] 1. Through the sliding clamping rod, synchronization piece, reflection block and light blocker, when laser cutting is performed on differential housings of different diameters, the laser emitted by the laser cutting head penetrates the cutting part of the differential housing and is reflected by the reflection block to preheat the part to be cut, thereby improving the cutting quality and reducing slag inclusion caused by local overheating. The light blocker reduces the safety problem after the laser is reflected back and penetrates the differential housing;

[0041] 2. By setting up multiple sets of reflective blocks with inconsistent inclination angles and rotating the adjustment disk, the laser can be reflected when cutting differential cases of different diameters, and cutting grooves of different inclinations can be efficiently cut;

[0042] 3. Through the provided heat dissipation blades, switching parts and collection boxes, when the differential housing is laser cut, the heat generated during cutting is dissipated, and the cutting chips generated during cutting are collected and cleaned. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the rotating disk, the mounting rod, and the adjusting disk;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the clamping component, the reflection component and the dust collecting box.

[0046] Reference numerals: 1, frame; 11, workbench; 12, laser cutting head; 13, driving member; 14, differential housing; 2, clamping assembly; 21, mounting rod; 22, clamping member; 221, clamping rod; 23, power member; 231, first bevel gear; 232, second bevel gear; 233, abutting wheel; 24, synchronizing member; 241, fixing cylinder; 242, synchronizing ring; 243, rotating disk; 244, connecting rod; 3. Reflection assembly; 31. Reflection block; 32. Light blocker; 4. Adjustment disk; 41. Heat dissipation cavity; 42. Heat dissipation blades; 43. Cooling element; 431. First adjustment worm; 432. First adjustment worm wheel; 44. Dust collecting box; 45. First connecting hole; 46. Second connecting hole; 47. Filter plate; 48. Switching element; 481. Switching rod; 482. First adjustment rod; 483. Second adjustment rod; 49. Dust collecting tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 This application is described in further detail.

[0048] The present application embodiment discloses a laser cutting device for a differential case 14. Figure 1 and Figure 2 A laser cutting device for a differential housing 14 includes a vertically fixed frame 1, a horizontally arranged workbench 11 arranged on the frame 1, and a laser cutting head 12 arranged on the frame 1. The frame 1 is also provided with a driving member 13 for adjusting the laser cutting head 12 in the X, Y and Z directions. The workbench 11 is also provided with a clamping component 2 for clamping and rotating the differential housing 14 and a reflecting component 3 for reflecting the laser penetrating the differential housing 14.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The clamping assembly 2 includes a mounting rod 21 arranged on the workbench 11, a clamping member 22 arranged on the mounting rod 21, and a power member 23 arranged on the mounting rod 21 to rotate the differential housing 14. The clamping member 22 includes a clamping rod 221 slidably arranged on the mounting rod 21, the end side of the clamping rod 221 is combined with the inner circumferential wall of the differential housing 14, and the end side of the clamping rod 221 is provided with a ball, the sliding direction of the clamping rod 221 is consistent with the length direction of the mounting rod 21, and the clamping rod 221 is provided with two groups. The two groups of clamping rods 221 correspond to the two ends of the mounting rod 21 one by one and are arranged relatively. The mounting rod 21 is also provided with a synchronization member 24 for synchronously adjusting the two groups of clamping rods 221.

[0050] The synchronizer 24 includes a fixed cylinder 241 rotatably arranged on the mounting rod 21 and a synchronizer ring 242 rotatably sleeved on the clamping rod 221. The clamping rod 221 is slidably arranged in the fixed cylinder 241, and a rotating disk 243 is rotatably connected to the bottom side of the mounting rod 21. A connecting rod 244 is rotatably connected to the synchronizer ring 242. The rotation axis of the connecting rod 244 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the synchronizer ring 242, and one end of the connecting rod 244 away from the synchronizer ring 242 is rotatably connected to the side of the rotating disk 243. When the technicians need to perform laser cutting to form bevel grooves on differential housings 14 of different diameters, the technicians rotate the rotating disk 243 to drive the connecting rod 244 to rotate, thereby causing the clamping rod 221 to slide out of the mounting rod 21 until the ball bearings on the end of the clamping rod 221 are tightly fitted against the inner circumferential wall of the differential housing 14. What is not explained here is that a common ratchet pawl structure is provided at the rotating shaft of the rotating disk 243 to achieve stable tight fit between the end of the clamping rod 221 and the inner circumferential wall of the differential housing 14.

[0051] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the rotational drive of the differential housing 14, the power member 23 includes a clamping wheel 233 rotatably arranged on the end side of the clamping rod 221, and the outer peripheral wall of the clamping wheel 233 is tightly fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the differential housing 14. At the same time, a clamping rod is also lifted and arranged on the frame 1, and the clamping rod is tightly fitted with the outer peripheral side of the differential housing 14, and a ball is also provided on the side of the clamping rod close to the outer peripheral wall of the differential housing 14, and the ball is tightly fitted with the outer peripheral side of the differential housing 14 to fix. A first bevel gear 231 is provided at one end of the cylinder 241 located inside the mounting rod 21, a power motor is provided on the workbench 11, a second bevel gear 232 is provided on the output end of the power motor, the first bevel gear 231 is meshed with the second bevel gear 232, when the power motor is working, it drives the second bevel gear 232 to rotate, the second bevel gear 232 drives the first bevel gear 231 to rotate, the first bevel gear 231 drives the clamping rod 221 and the clamping wheel 233 to rotate, thereby driving the differential housing 14 to rotate.

[0052] Since the laser cutting head 12 is driven by the driving member 13, when the laser cutting head 12 is driven to rotate without changing the inclination angle of the laser cutting head 12, it is necessary to accurately calculate the travel distance of the laser cutting head 12. Through the above arrangement, when the differential housing 14 needs to be laser cut, the technician first places the differential housing 14 to be processed on the mounting rod 21, and synchronously adjusts the multiple clamping rods 221 through the synchronization member 24, so that the end side of the clamping rod 221 is pressed against the inner wall of the differential housing 14, thereby fixing the differential housing 14. At this time, the laser cutting head 12 is adjusted through the driving member 13, so that the laser cutting head 12 is facing the position where cutting is required, and at the same time, the inclination angle of the laser cutting head 12 is consistent with the angle of the differential housing 14 to be cut, and then the differential housing 14 is rotated to achieve precise laser cutting of the differential housing 14.

[0053] At the same time, in order to reduce the impact of the laser penetrating the differential housing 14 on the inner wall of the differential housing 14 during laser cutting, the reflective assembly 3 includes an adjustment disk 4 rotatably arranged on the top side of the mounting rod 21 and a reflective block 31 arranged on the adjustment disk 4. The reflective block 31 is arranged obliquely, and a light blocker 32 is fixedly connected to the pressing rod. The reflective block 31 is coated with a reflective layer. When the laser emitted by the laser cutting head 12 penetrates the differential housing 14, it is reflected by the reflective block 31 until the reflected laser penetrates the part cut from the middle and is absorbed by the light blocker 32, thereby improving the safety performance of the laser cutting device. At the same time, the laser penetrating the differential housing 14 is reflected to the position where it needs to be cut by the reflective block 31 and the reflective layer. At this time, the laser energy after one reflection is reduced. At this time, the differential housing 14 is preheated to reduce the stress concentration caused by local overheating during laser cutting, thereby improving the laser cutting efficiency and laser cutting quality, and reducing the edge burrs caused by uneven temperature.

[0054] Since the inclination of the cutting groove formed by laser cutting is inconsistent for differential housings 14 of different diameters, the required reflection angle of the laser is also inconsistent. In order to improve the adaptability of the laser cutting device, multiple groups of reflection blocks 31 are provided. The multiple groups of reflection blocks 31 are evenly spaced along the circumference direction of the adjusting disk 4, and the inclination angles of adjacent reflection blocks 31 are inconsistent. A fixed rod is fixedly connected between the adjusting disk 4 and the rotating disk 243. When the technician rotates the rotating disk 243 to adjust the clamping rod 221, the adjusting disk 4 is rotated and adjusted synchronously, thereby achieving adjustment of differential housings 14 of different sizes. Since the aperture sizes required for cutting are inconsistent for differential housings 14 of different sizes, and the inclination angles of the cutting holes are also inconsistent, and since the position of the light damper is fixed, in order to reduce the safety hazards caused by the inconsistent angles of the laser after it is reflected and penetrates the differential housing 14, multiple groups of reflection blocks 31 with inconsistent inclination angles are set. When cutting holes with different apertures and different inclination angles, the reflection blocks 31 can reflect the laser after the laser cutting head 12 penetrates the differential housing 14 to the position of the light blocker 32, thereby improving the safety performance of the entire differential housing 14 during laser cutting, thereby reducing the errors caused by laser cutting of different differential housings 14.

[0055] At the same time, in order to facilitate the heat dissipation generated during laser cutting and the processing of cutting chips generated during cutting, a dust box 44 is fixedly connected to the mounting rod 21, a heat dissipation cavity 41 is provided in the dust box 44, and heat dissipation blades 42 are rotatably arranged in the heat dissipation cavity 41. The mounting rod 21 is also provided with a cooling member 43 for driving the heat dissipation blades 42 to rotate. A first connecting hole 45 is provided at the position corresponding to each reflector block 31 on the adjusting disk 4, a dust collecting pipe 49 connected to the dust box 44 and the first connecting hole 45, the first connecting hole 45 is located at the low side position of the reflector block 31, a second connecting hole 46 connected to the dust box 44 is provided on the inner side wall of the heat dissipation cavity 41, and filter plates 47 are slidably arranged at the first connecting hole 45 and the second connecting hole 46, and the filter plate 47 can movably block and filter the first connecting hole 45 / the second connecting hole 46.

[0056] The cooling member 43 includes a first adjusting worm 431 arranged on the fixed cylinder 241 and a first adjusting worm wheel 432 arranged on the rotating shaft of the heat dissipation blade 42. The first adjusting worm wheel 432 is meshed with the first adjusting worm 431, so that when the power motor rotates to drive the clamping wheel 233 to rotate, the first adjusting worm wheel 432 is driven to rotate, thereby realizing the cooling and discharge of the heat generated by the laser cutting by the heat dissipation blade 42.

[0057] At the same time, a switching member 48 is also provided on the rotating disk 243. When the differential housing 14 is laser cut, the switching member 48 enables the filter plate 47 of the first connecting hole 45 to filter, while the filter plate 47 at the second connecting hole 46 opens the second connecting hole 46; when the cutting is completed, the switching member 48 enables the filter plate 47 at the second connecting hole 46 to filter, while the filter plate 47 at the first connecting hole 45 opens the first connecting hole 45.

[0058] Reference Figure 3 The switching member 48 includes a switching rod 481 which elastically slides and penetrates the adjusting disk 4, one end of the switching rod 481 protrudes from the surface of the adjusting disk 4, and the other end of the switching rod 481 is movably inserted into the mounting rod 21. The protruding end of the switching rod 481 is movably fitted with the inner bottom wall of the differential case 14, and a first adjusting rod 482 is slidably arranged in the adjusting disk 4, one end of the first adjusting rod 482 is fixedly connected to the filter plate 47 in the first connecting hole 45, and the other end of the first adjusting rod 482 is inclined, and the inclined side of the first adjusting rod 482 is tightly fitted with the outer peripheral wall of the switching rod 481, and a second adjusting rod 483 is slidably arranged in the mounting rod 21, and one end of the second adjusting rod 483 is connected to the filter plate 47 in the second connecting hole 46, and the end side of the second adjusting rod 483 is also inclined, and the end side of the second adjusting rod 483 is tightly fitted with the switching rod 481.

[0059] When laser cutting is performed, the switching member 48 adjusts the filter plate 47 at the first connecting hole 45 so that the filter plate 47 at the first connecting hole 45 filters the cutting chips. The negative pressure generated at this time sucks the cutting chips generated during laser cutting, causing the cutting chips to fall along the inclined reflective block 31 to the first connecting hole 45 and fall onto the filter plate 47 at the first connecting hole 45.

[0060] When the cutting is completed, the filter plate 47 at the second connecting hole 46 blocks the second connecting hole 46, and the filter plate 47 at the first connecting hole 45 opens the first connecting hole 45. During the sliding of the filter plate 47 in the first connecting hole 45, the cutting chips falling on the filter plate 47 are scraped into the dust box 44 for collection. At the same time, because the filter plate 47 at the second connecting hole 46 blocks the cutting chips at this time, the cutting chips are reduced from falling onto the heat dissipation blades 42 through the second connecting hole 46 to affect the rotation efficiency of the heat dissipation blades 42, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation blades 42.

[0061] At the same time, by alternately adjusting the filter plates 47 at the first connecting hole 45 and the second connecting hole 46, the negative pressure is reduced when the filter plates 47 are present at both the first connecting hole 45 and the second connecting hole 46, and the efficiency of collecting and processing the cutting chips generated during laser cutting is reduced. The efficient collection and processing of the cutting chips is achieved by switching between the two states.

[0062] When the differential housing 14 is placed on the adjusting disk 4 for laser cutting, under the action of gravity, the differential housing 14 slides against the switching rod 481, so that the switching rod 481 is pressed against the first adjusting rod 482 at this time. Since the end side of the first adjusting rod 482 is inclined, the first adjusting rod 482 moves in a direction close to and deep into the first connecting hole 45, driving the filter plate 47 to slide into the first connecting hole 45. At the same time, the second adjusting rod 483 moves in a direction away from the second connecting hole 46, so that the filter plate 47 connected to the second adjusting rod 483 is separated from the second connecting hole 46. At this time, the negative pressure generated by the rotation of the heat dissipation blade 42 cleans the cutting chips generated during cutting through the second connecting hole 46 and the first connecting hole 45.

[0063] After the cutting is completed, the differential housing 14 is removed from the adjusting disk 4. At this time, the switching rod 481 rebounds under the action of the elastic restoring force, and at this time drives the first adjusting rod 482 to move away from the first connecting hole 45, and makes the second adjusting rod 483 move toward the second connecting hole 46, so that the filter plate 47 and the inner wall of the first connecting hole 45 are scraped, thereby realizing the cleaning operation of the cutting chips on the filter plate 47, which is convenient for collecting and cleaning the cutting chips generated during laser cutting.

[0064] The implementation principle of a laser cutting device for a differential housing 14 in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the differential housing 14 needs to be laser cut, the technician places the differential housing 14 to be processed on the adjusting disk 4, and the differential housing 14 slides against the switching rod 481, so that the filter plate 47 at the first connecting hole 45 blocks the first connecting hole 45, and the filter plate 47 at the second connecting hole 46 is opened, and the outer surface of the differential housing 14 is pressed against the pressing rod set by lifting.

[0065] Next, the technician rotates the rotating disk 243 to make the clamping rod 221 fit tightly against the inner wall of the differential housing 14, and the power motor rotates, driving the first bevel gear 231 and the second bevel gear 232 to rotate, thereby driving the clamping wheel 233 to rotate, realizing the rotation of the differential housing 14. At this time, the laser cutting head 12 emits a laser to perform laser cutting on the differential housing 14.

[0066] At the same time, during the laser cutting process, the laser penetrates the differential housing 14 and then falls onto the reflective block 31. The reflective block 31 reflects the laser to the portion of the differential that needs to be cut, thereby realizing the residual heat of the differential housing 14 until the laser penetrates the portion of the differential housing 14 that needs to be cut and is blocked by the light blocker 32, thereby improving the safety performance of the laser cutting device.

[0067] The embodiment of the present application discloses a laser cutting process for a differential housing 14, comprising the following steps: S1, pre-fixation, firstly, a technician places the differential housing 14 to be processed on a workbench 11, with the opening end of the differential housing 14 to be processed facing the workbench 11, and presses the differential housing 14 downward under the action of gravity to achieve pre-fixation, and determines the inclination angle of the laser cutting head 12 in advance according to the diameter of the differential housing 14;

[0068] S2, by rotating the rotating disk 243, the clamping rod 221 is extended out of the mounting rod 21 until the end side of the clamping rod 221 is in contact with the inner circumferential wall of the differential housing 14, thereby fixing the differential housing 14;

[0069] S3, start the laser cutting head 12, and drive the first bevel gear 231 to rotate through an external power source, thereby driving the second bevel gear 232 to rotate, and then driving the clamping wheel 233 to rotate, so as to realize the rotation of the differential housing 14 and realize the laser cutting of the differential housing 14;

[0070] S4, during cutting, the heat dissipation blades 42 rotate to generate negative pressure, which absorbs the cutting chips generated during cutting, so that the cutting chips generated during cutting fall onto the filter plate 47 of the first connecting hole 45. After cutting, the technician removes the differential housing 14. At this time, the filter plate 47 in the first connecting hole 45 opens the first connecting hole 45, and the dust box 44 collects and processes the cutting chips generated by cutting.

[0071] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for a differential case, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a workbench (11) arranged on the frame (1), and a laser cutting head (12) arranged on the frame (1); the frame (1) is provided with a driving member (13) for adjusting the laser cutting head (12) in the X-direction, the Y-direction, and the Z-direction; the workbench (11) is provided with a clamping component (2) for clamping and rotating a differential housing (14), and a reflecting component (3) for reflecting laser light penetrating the differential housing (14); The clamping assembly (2) comprises a mounting rod (21) rotatably mounted on a workbench (11), a clamping member (22) mounted on the mounting rod (21), and a power member (23) mounted on the mounting rod (21) for driving the differential housing (14) to rotate, the clamping member (22) comprising a clamping rod (221) slidably mounted on the mounting rod (21), the clamping rod (221) movably protruding from the end side of the mounting rod (21), the clamping rod (221) protruding from the end side of the mounting rod (21) and abutting against the inner peripheral wall of the differential housing (14), a plurality of groups of the clamping rods (221) are provided, the plurality of groups of the clamping rods (221) are arranged at intervals along the circumference direction of the mounting rod (21), and a synchronizing member (24) for synchronizing the plurality of groups of the clamping rods (221) is further provided on the mounting rod (21); The reflective assembly (3) comprises a reflective block (31) disposed on the mounting rod (21), the reflective block (31) being coated with a reflective layer, the reflective blocks (31) being arranged in an inclined shape on the surface of the mounting rod (21), and when the laser of the laser cutting head (12) penetrates the differential housing (14), the laser is reflected by the reflective layer and is reflected to the portion of the differential housing (14) to be cut off for preheating, and a light blocker (32) is also provided on the workbench (11), the light blocker (32) being disposed on the outside of the differential housing (14) and corresponding to the reflected laser.

2. A laser cutting device for a differential case according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective blocks (31) are provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of reflective blocks (31) are arranged at intervals along the circumference direction of the mounting rod (21), the inclination angles of adjacent reflective blocks (31) are inconsistent, and the mounting rod (21) is rotatably arranged on the workbench (11), and a rotating member for rotationally adjusting the mounting rod (21) is also provided on the workbench (11).

3. The laser cutting device for a differential case according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting rod (21) is provided with a fixing cylinder (241), the clamping rod (221) is slidably arranged in the fixing cylinder (241), the synchronizing member (24) comprises a synchronizing ring (242) rotatably sleeved on the clamping rod (221), the synchronizing ring (242) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (244), the mounting rod (21) is rotatably connected to a rotating disk (243), and one end of the connecting rod (244) away from the rotatably connected to the synchronizing ring (242) is rotatably connected to the rotating disk (243).

4. The laser cutting device for a differential case according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the clamping rod (221) away from the rotating disk (243) is tightly fitted against the inner peripheral wall of the differential case (14); a clamping wheel (233) is provided on the clamping rod (221); the roller of the clamping wheel (233) protrudes from the surface of the clamping rod (221); the clamping wheel (233) is tightly fitted against the inner bottom wall of the differential case (14); a first bevel gear (231) is provided on a side of the fixing cylinder (241) away from the clamping rod (221); a second bevel gear (232) is rotatably arranged in the mounting rod (21); a plurality of first bevel gears (231) on the fixing cylinder (241) are all meshed with the second bevel gear (232); and a power member (23) for driving the second bevel gear (232) is provided on the mounting rod (21).

5. The laser cutting device for a differential case according to claim 4, characterized in that: An adjustment disk (4) is rotatably provided on the mounting rod (21), the adjustment disk (4) rotates synchronously with the rotating disk (243), the reflection block (31) is provided on the adjustment disk (4), and when the rotating disk (243) rotates until the extended length of the clamping rod (221) changes, the reflection block (31) corresponding to the perforation of the laser cutting head (12) also changes accordingly.

6. The laser cutting device for a differential case according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting rod (21) is provided with a heat dissipation cavity (41), in which heat dissipation blades (42) are rotatably arranged. The mounting rod (21) is also provided with a cooling member (43) for driving the heat dissipation blades (42) to rotate. When the heat dissipation blades (42) rotate, heat generated by laser cutting is extracted from the adjustment disk (4). The mounting rod (21) is also provided with a dust collecting box (44). The adjustment disk (4) is provided with a first connecting hole (45) connected to the dust collecting box (44). The first connecting hole (45) is located on the lower side of the reflection block (31). The inner side wall of the heat dissipation cavity (41) is provided with a second connecting hole (46) connected to the dust collecting box (44). Filter plates (47) are slidably arranged at the first connecting hole (45) and the second connecting hole (46). The mounting rod (21) is provided with a switching member (48). When the differential housing (14) is laser cut, the switching member (48) causes the filter plate (47) of the first communicating hole (45) to filter, while the filter plate (47) at the second communicating hole (46) opens the second communicating hole (46); When the cutting is completed, the switching member (48) causes the filter plate (47) at the second communicating hole (46) to filter, while the filter plate (47) at the first communicating hole (45) opens the first communicating hole (45).

7. The laser cutting device for a differential case according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cooling member (43) comprises a first adjusting worm (431) provided on the fixing cylinder (241) and a first adjusting worm wheel (432) provided on the rotating shaft of the heat dissipation blade (42), and the first adjusting worm (431) is meshed with the first adjusting worm wheel (432).

8. The laser cutting device for a differential case according to claim 7, characterized in that: The switching member (48) comprises a switching rod (481) which elastically slides and penetrates the adjusting disk (4), one end of the switching rod (481) protrudes from the surface of the adjusting disk (4), the other end of the switching rod (481) is movably inserted into the mounting rod (21), the protruding end of the switching rod (481) is movably fitted with the inner bottom wall of the differential housing (14), a first adjusting rod (482) is slidably arranged in the adjusting disk (4), one end of the first adjusting rod (482) is in contact with the filter in the first connecting hole (45), and the filter is movably fitted into the first connecting hole (45). The first adjusting rod (482) is fixedly connected to the filter plate (47), the other end of the first adjusting rod (482) is inclined, and the inclined side of the first adjusting rod (482) is tightly fitted against the outer peripheral wall of the switching rod (481), and a second adjusting rod (483) is slidably arranged in the mounting rod (21), one end of the second adjusting rod (483) is connected to the filter plate (47) in the second connecting hole (46), the end side of the second adjusting rod (483) is also inclined, and the end side of the second adjusting rod (483) is tightly fitted against the switching rod (481).

9. The laser cutting device for a differential case according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dust collecting box (44) is provided with a dust collecting pipe (49), a plurality of groups of the first communicating holes (45) are provided, and the plurality of groups of the first communicating holes (45) correspond one-to-one to the plurality of reflecting blocks (31), and the dust collecting pipe (49) is selectively connected to one of the plurality of the first communicating holes (45).

10. A laser cutting process for a differential case, applied to a laser cutting device for a differential case according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, pre-fixing, firstly, the technician places the differential housing (14) to be processed on the workbench (11), so that the opening end of the differential housing (14) to be processed faces the workbench (11), and the differential housing (14) is pressed downward under the action of gravity to achieve pre-fixing, and the inclination angle of the laser cutting head (12) is determined in advance according to the diameter of the differential housing (14); S2, by rotating the rotating disk (243), the clamping rod (221) is extended out of the mounting rod (21) and arranged until the end side of the clamping rod (221) is in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the differential housing (14), thereby achieving the fixation of the differential housing (14); S3, starting the laser cutting head (12), and driving the first bevel gear (231) to rotate through an external power source, thereby driving the second bevel gear (232) to rotate, and further driving the retaining wheel (233) to rotate, thereby achieving rotation of the differential housing (14), and achieving laser cutting of the differential housing (14); S4, during cutting, the heat dissipation blades (42) rotate to generate negative pressure, which absorbs the cutting chips generated during cutting, so that the cutting chips generated during cutting fall onto the filter plate (47) of the first connecting hole (45). After cutting is completed, the technician removes the differential housing (14), and at this time, the filter plate (47) in the first connecting hole (45) opens the first connecting hole (45), and the dust box (44) collects and processes the cutting chips generated during cutting.

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