A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade, which is used to solve the technical problems of the existing space cameras based on an integrated cylindrical sunshade, such as the long cylinder length that even exceeds the envelope of the satellite, or the need to set a surface coating with an ultra-high absorption ratio, or the technical problems of the space camera based on James Weber's telescopic light shield having certain limitations in use in a more complex orbital environment. The multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade of the present invention adopts the form of a solar sunshade plus a ground-air sunshade, which effectively reduces the absorption rate of the camera surface; at the same time, compared with the traditional cylindrical sunshade, the solar sunshade of the present invention has only one surface, which not only greatly reduces the weight and volume, but also through the specific structure of the driving mechanism and the transmission mechanism in the transmission shaft system, the small-size driving mechanism drives the large-size solar sunshade to rotate 360 ​​degrees, thereby realizing multi-angle stray light suppression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a space camera, and in particular to a multi-space optical camera based on a large-size and lightweight sunshade. Background Art

[0002] As the requirements for the detection capabilities of space cameras increase, the aperture of space cameras is gradually increasing. Correspondingly, the requirements for stray light suppression capabilities are also gradually increasing. The large-size, lightweight sunshade system has become a key component of large-aperture space cameras.

[0003] At present, there are mainly space cameras based on integrated cylindrical sunshades and space cameras based on James Webb's telescopic light shield. Space cameras with integrated cylindrical sunshades require a very long cylinder length to achieve high stray light suppression, even exceeding the envelope of the satellite, or requiring a surface coating with an ultra-high absorption ratio. The light shield of a space camera based on James Webb's telescopic light shield cannot be rotated when in orbit, and in order to achieve that the optical camera always faces away from the sunlight in orbit, the sunshade needs to be rotated. Therefore, space cameras based on James Webb's telescopic light shield have certain limitations when used in more complex orbital environments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems that the existing space cameras based on integrated cylindrical sunshades have very long cylinder lengths or even exceed the envelope of the satellite, or require a surface coating with an ultra-high absorption ratio, or that space cameras based on James Webb's telescopic light shield have certain limitations when used in more complex orbital environments, and to provide a multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade, which is special in that it includes a multi-space optical camera assembly, a transmission shaft system, a sun sunshade, a ground sunshade, a mounting frame, and at least two sets of locking assemblies;

[0007] The multi-space optical camera assembly includes a main camera and a plurality of auxiliary cameras arranged outside the main camera;

[0008] The transmission shaft system includes a mounting ring, a driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism;

[0009] The mounting ring is axially provided with a first light hole located on the optical path of the main camera;

[0010] The driving mechanism includes a motor reducer assembly and a gear pair; the gear pair includes a pinion gear and a hollow large gear that mesh with each other; the motor reducer assembly is fixedly mounted on the mounting ring, and its output end is fixedly connected to the pinion gear, so as to drive the hollow large gear to rotate by driving the pinion gear;

[0011] The transmission mechanism includes a hollow inner rotating shaft, an adapter flange, a ball bearing group, at least two transmission plates and a connecting ring; the hollow inner rotating shaft is arranged in the first light-through hole, and its lower end is coaxially fixedly connected to the hollow large gear, and its upper end is coaxially fixedly connected to the adapter flange; the ball bearing group is arranged between the outer side wall of the hollow inner rotating shaft and the side wall of the first light-through hole; the lower ends of multiple transmission plates are evenly installed on the adapter flange along the circumference, and are arranged to be inclined outward from bottom to top; the connecting ring is arranged at the upper ends of multiple transmission plates, and multiple second light-through holes are axially opened on the upper ends of the multiple transmission plates, which are respectively located on the optical path of each camera in the multi-space optical camera, and the multiple second light-through holes are arranged in sequence; the ratio of the minimum inner diameter of the second light-through hole corresponding to the main camera optical path to the inner diameter of the first light-through hole is greater than 1.5;

[0012] The sunshade comprises a sunshade back plate and two inclined columns; the sunshade back plate is vertically arranged on one side of the upper end of the connecting ring, and the two inclined columns are respectively connected obliquely between the top of the sunshade back plate and the connecting ring; a plurality of light-blocking strips are arranged from top to bottom on the side of the sunshade back plate facing the connecting ring; the ground-air sunshade is a cylindrical structure that penetrates from top to bottom, which is sleeved on the outer side of a plurality of transmission plates, and a plurality of light-blocking rings are arranged on its inner side wall from top to bottom;

[0013] The mounting frame includes a first mounting frame and a second mounting frame of a frame structure; the first mounting frame is arranged on a mounting ring and is coaxially arranged on the outside of the ground-based sunshade, and is used to fix the ground-based sunshade; the second mounting frame is connected to the position of the connecting ring corresponding to the upper end of the first mounting frame, and multiple groups of the locking assemblies are used to fix the connecting ring on the second mounting frame when the sunshade completes the rotation.

[0014] Further, define ±α as the rotation angle range of the sunshade, r1 as 1 / 2 of the aperture of the space camera lens, s as the horizontal distance between the central axis of the main camera and the adjacent auxiliary camera, r2 as the radius of the main camera optical path at the horizontal height of the upper end of the transmission plate, d1 as the horizontal distance between the center point of the lower end of the transmission plate and the central axis of the main camera, d2 as the horizontal distance between the center point of the upper end of the transmission plate and the central axis of the main camera, L1 as the width of the lower end of the transmission plate, and L2 as the width of the upper end of the transmission plate; the projection of the central axis of the transmission plate on the plane where the connecting ring is located, the projection of the line connecting the lower end boundary point of the transmission plate and the central axis of the main camera on the plane where the connecting ring is located, and the projection of the line connecting the upper end boundary point of the transmission plate and the central axis of the main camera on the plane where the connecting ring is located are recorded as straight line A, straight line B, and straight line C, respectively, and the angle between straight line A and straight line B is defined as , the angle between line A and line C is , then the above parameters must meet:

[0015]

[0016] 。

[0017] Further, the number of the transmission plates is two;

[0018] The adapter flange includes a hollow ring and two lugs symmetrically connected to the outer side of the hollow ring; the hollow ring is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper end of the hollow inner rotating shaft, and the two lugs are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the corresponding transmission plates;

[0019] The mounting ring comprises a mounting disc and a mounting convex ring connected to one side of the mounting disc; the motor reducer assembly is fixedly mounted on the mounting convex ring; and the first light-through hole is coaxially opened on the mounting disc.

[0020] Further, a hollow bearing heat insulation plate is provided on the upper surface of the hollow ring;

[0021] The hollow bearing heat insulation plate is fixed to the hollow ring by a plurality of screws, and a glass fiber reinforced plastic heat insulation pad is provided at the position where each screw is connected to the hollow ring;

[0022] A transmission heat insulation plate is provided on the inner side wall of at least one of the two transmission plates;

[0023] The transmission heat insulation plate is fixed on the transmission plate by a plurality of screws, and a glass fiber reinforced plastic heat insulation pad is respectively arranged at the position where each screw is connected to the transmission plate.

[0024] Further, the ball bearing set is two thin-walled angular contact ball bearings arranged back to back;

[0025] The precision of the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing is P4 grade;

[0026] The bearing wall thickness of the thin-wall angular contact ball bearing is less than 1 / 12 of the bearing inner diameter.

[0027] Furthermore, the number of the locking assemblies is 4 groups, of which two groups of locking assemblies are respectively arranged at the two ends of the connection between the shading back plate and the connecting ring, and the other two groups of locking assemblies are respectively arranged at the connection positions between the two inclined columns and the connecting ring.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a magnetic steel and three Hall sensors;

[0029] The magnetic steel is installed on the connecting ring;

[0030] The three Hall sensors are all mounted on the second mounting frame, and the horizontal distances between the three Hall sensors and the rotating shaft are equal;

[0031] The magnetic steel is installed on the connecting ring, and the horizontal distance between the magnetic steel and the rotating shaft is equal to the horizontal distance between the Hall sensor and the rotating shaft.

[0032] Furthermore, the ground-air sunshade and the light-blocking ring are integrally made of carbon fiber;

[0033] The wall thickness of the ground-air sunshade is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the light-blocking ring is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm;

[0034] Reinforcing ribs are provided at the load-bearing positions of the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame.

[0035] Furthermore, the transmission plate is made of titanium alloy;

[0036] The inner side wall of the transmission plate is provided with an ultra-black coating;

[0037] The outer side wall of the transmission plate is also provided with reinforcing ribs.

[0038] Furthermore, a debris protection cover is circumferentially provided on the outer side of the hollow large gear;

[0039] The ratio of the minimum inner diameter of the second light hole corresponding to the main camera optical path to the inner diameter of the first light hole is 2.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. The present invention provides a multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade, which adopts a two-section sunshade form of a sunshade and a ground sunshade, effectively reducing the absorption rate of the camera surface and achieving high-efficiency stray light suppression capability; at the same time, compared with the traditional cylindrical sunshade, the sunshade in the present invention has only one side, which not only greatly reduces the weight and volume, but also through the specific structure of the driving mechanism and the transmission mechanism in the transmission shaft system, the small-size driving mechanism drives the end of the transmission mechanism to rotate 360 ​​degrees, thereby driving the large-size sunshade to rotate 360 ​​degrees, thereby achieving multi-angle stray light suppression.

[0042] 2. The first mounting frame and the second mounting frame of the frame structure provided in the present invention connect the transmission shaft system, the solar sunshade and the ground sunshade into a whole and then install it on the satellite cabin board, which can meet the environmental test requirements of the satellite while meeting the satellite size, weight and envelope.

[0043] 3. The present invention innovatively designs a transmission shaft system including a hollow inner rotating shaft, an adapter flange, a ball bearing group, a transmission plate and a connecting ring. Through the specific design of each structure, a small-size driving mechanism drives the rotation of the large-size sunshade at the end. It not only effectively ensures the lightweight and miniaturization of the transmission shaft system, but also reduces the difficulty of processing and temperature control, improves the system reliability, and can be widely used in large-size sunshades of multi-space optical cameras.

[0044] 4. The present invention arranges a hollow bearing heat insulation plate on the upper surface of the hollow ring, and at the same time arranges a transmission heat insulation plate on the inner wall of the transmission plate, which can prevent the heat generated by sunlight from being transferred to the ball bearing group or the transmission plate, avoid the temperature change of the transmission shaft system caused by uneven heat radiation, and effectively ensure the smooth rotation of the large-size sunshade.

[0045] 5. The present invention adopts thin-walled angular contact ball bearings for support design, which reduces the weight of the entire transmission shaft system while reducing the processing difficulty and improving the reliability of the transmission shaft system; in addition, two thin-walled angular contact ball bearings arranged back to back are used to effectively improve the rigidity of the transmission shaft system.

[0046] 6. The present invention sets four groups of locking assemblies, and two of the locking assemblies are respectively set at the two ends of the connection between the sunshade back plate and the connecting ring, and the other two groups of locking assemblies are respectively set at the connection positions of the two inclined columns and the connecting ring. On the one hand, it can ensure the overall stiffness of the solar shade, and on the other hand, it can effectively improve the overall modal frequency of the solar shade, and can protect the solar shade during environmental testing and launch.

[0047] 7. The present invention arranges a magnet on the connecting ring and three Hall sensors on the second mounting frame. The three Hall sensors detect the magnetic field generated by the magnet, and the position of the sunshade is determined by the change of the magnetic field, so as to synchronously confirm the rotation position of the sunshade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the optical structure of an embodiment of a multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-space optical camera embodiment based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to the present invention (not all sunshades are shown);

[0051] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A top view of

[0052] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mounting ring in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a driving mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adapter flange in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a ball bearing group in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of relevant parameters in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the installation positions of three Hall sensors in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the magnetic steel in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] The specific reference numerals are as follows:

[0060] 1-mounting ring, 101-mounting disc, 102-mounting convex ring; 2-motor reducer assembly, 21-stepping motor, 22-reducer mounting ring, 23-deep groove ball bearing; 3-small gear; 4-hollow large gear; 5-ball bearing group; 6-hollow inner shaft; 7-adapter flange, 71-hollow ring, 72-lug; 8-transmission plate; 9-connecting ring, 91-Hall sensor, 92-magnetic steel; 10- Hollow bearing heat insulation board; 11-transmission heat insulation board; 12-debris protection cover; 13-sun shading cover, 131-shading back plate, 132-cambered column, 133-light blocking strip; 14-ground air shading cover, 141-light blocking ring; 15-mounting frame, 151-first mounting frame, 152-second mounting frame; 16-multi-space optical camera assembly, 161-main camera, 162-auxiliary camera, 17-locking assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the advantages and features of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade includes a multi-space optical camera assembly 16, a transmission shaft system, a sunshade 13, a ground sunshade 14, a mounting frame 15, and four sets of locking assemblies 17. In this embodiment, the multi-space optical camera assembly 16 includes a main camera 161 and two auxiliary cameras 162 arranged on opposite sides of the main camera 161. Figure 1 Y represents the effective field of view of the multi-spatial optical camera.

[0063] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the transmission shaft system includes a mounting ring 1, a driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism, which is used to drive the transmission mechanism end to rotate 360 ​​degrees through a small-sized driving mechanism, thereby driving the large-sized sunshade 13 to rotate 360 ​​degrees. Figure 5 As shown, the mounting ring 1 includes a mounting disc 101 and a mounting convex ring 102 connected to one side of the mounting disc 101. The mounting disc 101 is used to mount the transmission mechanism, and the mounting convex ring 102 is used to mount the drive mechanism.

[0064] The driving mechanism includes a motor reducer assembly 2 and a gear pair. The motor reducer assembly 2 can be a stepper motor with a planetary gear reducer, or a stepper motor with a harmonic gear reducer, or a torque motor with a planetary gear reducer, or a torque motor with a harmonic gear reducer. Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a stepper motor is equipped with a planetary gear reducer, which specifically includes a stepper motor 21, a planetary gear reducer, a reducer mounting ring 22 and a deep groove ball bearing 23, and the gear pair includes a pinion 3 and a hollow large gear 4 that mesh with each other. The planetary gear reducer is mounted on the output shaft of the stepper motor 21 and is fixed to the mounting convex ring 102 through the reducer mounting ring 22. The planetary gear reducer reduces the speed of the stepper motor 21 and increases the output torque. The deep groove ball bearing 23 is sleeved on the outer side of the output shaft of the stepper motor 21 to withstand radial loads and axial loads when the stepper motor 21 rotates at high speed. The output shaft of the stepper motor 21 is fixedly connected to the pinion 3 to drive the pinion 3 to rotate, and then drive the hollow large gear 4 to rotate; since the hollow large gear 4 is a hollow spoke design, the weight of the driving mechanism is greatly reduced. In this embodiment, the reduction ratio of the pinion 3 and the hollow large gear 4 is 4.5:1, and the reduction ratio of the planetary gear reducer is 24:1. In addition, in order to prevent the debris generated during the meshing of the hollow large gear 4 and the small gear 3 from affecting other components of the space camera, this embodiment preferably provides a debris protection cover 12 on the outer circumference of the hollow large gear 4 for protection.

[0065] The transmission mechanism includes a hollow inner shaft 6, an adapter flange 7, a ball bearing set 5, two transmission plates 8 and a connecting ring 9. Figure 7As shown, the adapter flange 7 includes a hollow ring 71 and two lugs 72 symmetrically connected to the outer side of the hollow ring 71. A first light-through hole located on the optical path of the main camera 161 is axially opened on the mounting disk 101. The hollow inner rotating shaft 6 is arranged in the first light-through hole. The lower end thereof is coaxially fixedly connected to the hollow large gear 4 by screws, and the upper end is coaxially fixedly connected to the hollow ring 71 by screws. The ball bearing group 5 is coaxially arranged between the outer side wall of the hollow inner rotating shaft 6 and the side wall of the first light-through hole, that is, the ball bearing group 5 is installed on the inner side of the first light-through hole, and the hollow inner rotating shaft 6 is installed on the inner side of the ball bearing group 5, which is used to support the hollow inner rotating shaft 6 through the ball bearing group 5. As shown Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the ball bearing group 5 is two thin-walled angular contact ball bearings arranged back to back, which can effectively improve the rigidity of the transmission shaft system. At the same time, the angular contact ball bearings are selected with an accuracy of P4 grade. The bearing wall thickness is less than 1 / 12 of the inner diameter of the bearing, and the size and weight are small. On the basis of meeting the accuracy requirements, the weight and volume of the transmission shaft system are further reduced. The lower ends of the two transmission plates 8 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding lugs 72, and are tilted outward from bottom to top, that is, the two transmission plates 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hollow ring 71. In other embodiments of the present invention, when the space where the main camera 161 and the auxiliary camera 162 are located is large, three or four transmission plates 8 can also be selected to be set, and the number of lugs 72 is also increased accordingly.

[0066] The connecting ring 9 is arranged at the upper end of the two transmission plates 8, and three second light holes are axially opened on the connecting ring 9, which are respectively located on the optical paths of the three cameras, and the three second light holes are connected in sequence. The ratio of the minimum inner diameter of the second light hole corresponding to the optical path of the main camera 161 to the inner diameter of the first light hole is greater than 1.5. Preferably, the ratio of the minimum inner diameter of the second light hole corresponding to the optical path of the main camera 161 to the inner diameter of the first light hole is 2. After the installation is completed, the rotation of the hollow large gear 4 will drive the hollow inner shaft 6, the adapter flange 7 and the transmission plate 8 to rotate synchronously, and then drive the sunshade 13 to rotate, and finally realize the rotation of the sunshade 13 around the center line of the ball bearing group 5.

[0067] The sunshade 13 includes a sunshade back plate 131 and two inclined columns 132. The sunshade back plate 131 is used to achieve the light blocking function at a specific angle. It is vertically arranged on one side of the upper end of the connecting ring 9. The two inclined columns 132 are respectively connected obliquely between the top of the sunshade back plate 131 and the connecting ring 9; a plurality of light blocking strips 133 are arranged from top to bottom on the side of the sunshade back plate 131 facing the connecting ring 9. After ensuring that the maximum envelope of the motion posture does not block the effective field of view Y, the sunshade 13 uses the geometric drawing method to design the position and number of the light blocking strips 133. In this embodiment, the light blocking strips 133 are designed to be seventeen.

[0068] The ground-air sunshade 14 is a cylindrical structure that runs through from top to bottom. It is sleeved on the outside of the two transmission plates 8, and the inner wall of the cylindrical structure is provided with a plurality of light-blocking rings 141 from top to bottom. The ground-air sunshade 14 and the light-blocking rings 141 are made of carbon fiber in an integrated manner. The wall thickness of the ground-air sunshade 14 and the thickness of the light-blocking rings 141 range from 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm, and are both 0.8 mm in this embodiment. Since the solar sunshade 13 almost completely blocks the sunlight, the ground-air sunshade 14 is mainly used to suppress the ground-air light and light sources of other incident angles. When specifically designed, the boundary of the ground-air sunshade 14 is used as the maximum incident boundary, and the front end structure of the ground-air sunshade 14 is used as the receiving boundary for constraint, and a scattered stray light suppression design is carried out.

[0069] The mounting frame 15 is used to connect the transmission shaft system, the sun shade 13 and the ground-air shade 14 into a whole and then install it on the satellite cabin board. The mounting frame 15 includes a first mounting frame 151 and a second mounting frame 152. In order to achieve lightweight system, the first mounting frame 151 and the second mounting frame 152 are both set as frame structures, and the whole is cast in one piece using ZTC4 material. The first mounting frame 151 is set on the mounting ring 1 and is coaxially arranged on the outside of the ground-air shade 14 for fixed installation of the ground-air shade 14; the second mounting frame 152 is connected to the position of the upper end of the first mounting frame 151 corresponding to the connecting ring 9, and the four sets of locking components 17 are used to fix the connecting ring 9 to the second mounting frame 152 when the sun shade 13 completes the rotation. In other embodiments of the present invention, two or three sets of locking components 17 can be used to fix the connecting ring 9 on the second mounting frame 152. In this embodiment, four sets of locking components 17 are preferred, and two sets of locking components 17 are respectively set at the two ends of the connection between the sunshade back plate 131 and the connecting ring 9, and the other two sets of locking components 17 are respectively set at the connection position between the two inclined columns 132 and the connecting ring 9. On the one hand, the overall rigidity of the sunshade 13 can be ensured, and on the other hand, the overall modal frequency of the sunshade 13 can be effectively improved, and the sunshade 13 can be protected during environmental testing and launch. At the same time, each set of locking components 17 needs to keep a distance between the upper and lower parts after unlocking to avoid interference with the lower part of the locking components when the sunshade 13 rotates.

[0070] The first mounting frame 151 and the second mounting frame 152 are provided with 3mm thick reinforcing ribs at the load-bearing position, and weight-reducing holes are designed at the non-load-bearing position or the inclined tie bar, which can reduce the weight of the entire mounting frame while ensuring the strength. In addition, the first mounting frame 151 and the second mounting frame 152 are designed with flanged flanges at the installation positions with the transmission shaft system, the sun shade 13 and the ground sun shade 14 to ensure the installation rigidity. After the mounting frame 15 is installed on the satellite cabin board, the sun shade 13 is located outside the payload cabin, and the ground sun shade 14 sinks into the payload cabin.

[0071] Since the transmission shaft system of the present invention is installed at the lower part of the large-size sunshade 13 and is located on the optical path of the main camera 161, when the transmission plate 8 stops rotating, it can neither interfere with the optical path of the main camera 161 nor the optical path of the auxiliary camera 162. Therefore, the present invention not only needs to consider the setting parameters of the transmission plate 8 itself, but also needs to consider the relationship between it and the various parameters of the multi-space optical camera.

[0072] In this embodiment, the parameters of the three space cameras are consistent, such as Fig. 9 As shown, θ is defined as the field of view of the space camera lens, 0°<θ<45°, ±α is the angle range of the large-size sunshade 13 when it moves, 0°<α<45°, r1 is 1 / 2 of the aperture of the space camera lens, s is the horizontal distance between the central axis of the main camera 161 and the adjacent auxiliary camera 162, H is the vertical distance between the upper and lower ends of the transmission plate 8, r2 is the radius of the optical path of the main camera 161 at the height H, d1 is the horizontal distance between the center point of the lower end of the transmission plate 8 and the central axis of the main camera 161, and d2 is the horizontal distance between the center point of the upper end of the transmission plate 8 and the central axis of the main camera 161, then:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] The projection of the central axis of the transmission plate 8 on the plane where the connecting ring 9 is located is recorded as straight line A, the projection of the line connecting the lower boundary point of the transmission plate 8 and the central axis of the main camera on the plane where the connecting ring 9 is located is recorded as straight line B, and the projection of the line connecting the upper boundary point of the transmission plate 8 and the central axis of the main camera on the plane where the connecting ring 9 is located is recorded as straight line C. The angle between straight line A and straight line B is , the angle between line A and line C is Define L1 as the width of the lower end of the transmission plate 8, and L2 as the width of the upper end of the transmission plate 8, then:

[0077]

[0078] When the transmission plate 8 stops rotating and does not interfere with the optical path of the auxiliary camera 162, the following formula needs to be satisfied:

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] In this embodiment, the width L1 of the lower end of the transmission plate 8 is 150 mm, the width L2 of the upper end of the transmission plate 8 is 210 mm, and the vertical distance H between the upper end and the lower end of the transmission plate 8 is 310 mm.

[0082] In order to ensure the lightness of the transmission shaft system, the transmission plate 8 is preferably made of titanium alloy, and its thickness can be reasonably set according to the weight of the large-sized sunshade 13 without interfering with each light path. In addition, reinforcing ribs are also provided on the outer wall of the transmission plate 8. In this embodiment, the thickness of the transmission plate 8 is 20 mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing ribs is 2 mm.

[0083] Since the two transmission plates 8 are located on both sides of the optical path of the space camera facing the transmission axis when they stop rotating, it is necessary to provide an ultra-black coating on the inner side wall of the transmission plate 8 to avoid the influence of stray light.

[0084] Preferably, in this embodiment, a hollow bearing heat insulation board 10 is provided on the upper surface of the hollow ring 71 to prevent the heat generated by sunlight from being transferred to the ball bearing group 5 as much as possible. In addition, since the transmission plate 8 installed directly below the large-sized sunshade 13 is set to face away from the sunlight, and the other transmission plates 8 are set to face the sunlight, it is necessary to set a transmission heat insulation board 11 on the inner side wall of the other transmission plates 8 facing the sunlight to prevent the heat generated by sunlight from being transferred to the transmission plate 8 as much as possible. Specifically, the hollow bearing heat insulation board 10 and the transmission heat insulation board 11 are respectively fixed to the hollow ring 71 and the transmission plate 8 by screws, and at the same time, a fiberglass heat insulation pad is respectively provided at the position where each screw is connected to the hollow ring 71 and the transmission plate 8.

[0085] In order to synchronously confirm the rotation position of the sunshade 13, as Fig.10 , Fig.11As shown, the present invention also has a magnetic steel 92 disposed on the connecting ring 9, and three Hall sensors 91 disposed on the second mounting frame 152, which are used to detect the magnetic field generated by the magnetic steel 92 through the three Hall sensors 91, and to determine the position of the sunshade 13 through the change of the magnetic field. When designing the specific installation position of the Hall sensor 91 and the magnetic steel 92, firstly, the three Hall sensors 91 are on the same circumference relative to the rotating shaft, that is, the horizontal distance R between the three Hall sensors 91 and the rotating shaft is equal, and then the magnetic steel 92 is installed on the connecting ring 9 at a position where the horizontal distance R from the rotating shaft is R. In addition, during installation, it is necessary to pay attention to installing the Hall sensor 91 near the reinforcing rib of the second mounting frame 152 to ensure the installation rigidity; when installing the magnetic steel 92, it is necessary not to interfere with the rotation of the sunshade 13. The sensing range a of the Hall sensor 91 is related to the size of the magnetic steel 92, the sensing sensitivity of the Hall sensor 91, and the vertical distance between the magnetic steel 92 and the Hall sensor 91, so the feedback accuracy of the Hall sensor 91 is a / R. In this embodiment, the feedback accuracy of the Hall sensor 91 is required to be less than or equal to 0.22°. The sensing range of the Hall sensor 91 is 2 mm, and R is 514 mm, so the corresponding feedback accuracy is 0.21°.

[0086] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. For ordinary professional and technical personnel in the field, the specific technical solution recorded in the above embodiment can be modified, or some of the technical features therein can be replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade, characterized in that: It comprises a multi-space optical camera assembly (16), a transmission shaft system, a sunshade (13), a ground-air shading cover (14), a mounting frame (15), and at least two sets of locking assemblies (17); The multi-space optical camera assembly (16) comprises a main camera (161) and a plurality of auxiliary cameras (162) arranged outside the main camera (161); The transmission shaft system comprises a mounting ring (1), a driving mechanism and a transmission mechanism; The mounting ring (1) is axially provided with a first light hole located on the optical path of the main camera (161); The driving mechanism comprises a motor reducer assembly (2) and a gear pair; the gear pair comprises a pinion (3) and a hollow large gear (4) meshing with each other; the motor reducer assembly (2) is fixedly mounted on the mounting ring (1), and its output end is fixedly connected to the pinion (3) for driving the pinion (3) to drive the hollow large gear (4) to rotate; The transmission mechanism comprises a hollow inner rotating shaft (6), an adapter flange (7), a ball bearing group (5), at least two transmission plates (8) and a connecting ring (9); the hollow inner rotating shaft (6) is arranged in the first light-through hole, and its lower end is coaxially fixedly connected to the hollow large gear (4), and its upper end is coaxially fixedly connected to the adapter flange (7); the ball bearing group (5) is arranged between the outer wall of the hollow inner rotating shaft (6) and the side wall of the first light-through hole; the lower ends of the plurality of transmission plates (8) are evenly mounted on the adapter flange (7) along the circumference, and are arranged to be inclined outward from bottom to top; the connecting ring (9) is arranged on the upper ends of the plurality of transmission plates (8), and a plurality of second light-through holes are axially opened on the plurality of transmission plates (8) and are respectively located on the optical path of each camera in the multi-space optical camera, and the plurality of second light-through holes are arranged in sequence in a connected manner; the ratio of the minimum inner diameter of the second light-through hole corresponding to the optical path of the main camera (161) to the inner diameter of the first light-through hole is greater than 1.5; The sunshade (13) comprises a sunshade back plate (131) and two inclined columns (132); the sunshade back plate (131) is vertically arranged on one side of the upper end of the connecting ring (9), and the two inclined columns (132) are respectively obliquely connected between the top of the sunshade back plate (131) and the connecting ring (9); a plurality of light-blocking strips (133) are arranged from top to bottom on the side of the sunshade back plate (131) facing the connecting ring (9); the ground-air sunshade (14) is a cylindrical structure that is through-through from top to bottom, which is sleeved on the outer sides of a plurality of transmission plates (8), and a plurality of light-blocking rings (141) are arranged on the inner side wall from top to bottom; The mounting frame (15) includes a first mounting frame (151) and a second mounting frame (152) of a frame structure; the first mounting frame (151) is arranged on the mounting ring (1) and is coaxially arranged on the outside of the ground sunshade (14) for fixing and mounting the ground sunshade (14); the second mounting frame (152) is connected to the position of the connecting ring (9) corresponding to the upper end of the first mounting frame (151), and the plurality of locking assemblies (17) are used to fix the connecting ring (9) on the second mounting frame (152) when the sunshade (13) completes rotation.

2. A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to claim 1, characterized in that: Define ±α as the rotation angle range of the sunshade (13), r1 as 1 / 2 of the aperture of the space camera lens, s as the horizontal distance between the central axis of the main camera (161) and the adjacent auxiliary camera (162), r2 as the radius of the optical path of the main camera (161) at the horizontal height of the upper end of the transmission plate (8), d1 as the horizontal distance between the center point of the lower end of the transmission plate (8) and the central axis of the main camera (161), and d2 as the horizontal distance between the center point of the upper end of the transmission plate (8) and the central axis of the main camera (161). The horizontal distance L1 is the width of the lower end of the transmission plate (8), and L2 is the width of the upper end of the transmission plate (8); the projection of the central axis of the transmission plate (8) on the plane where the connecting ring (9) is located, the projection of the line connecting the lower end boundary point of the transmission plate (8) and the central axis of the main camera on the plane where the connecting ring (9) is located, and the projection of the line connecting the upper end boundary point of the transmission plate (8) and the central axis of the main camera on the plane where the connecting ring (9) is located are respectively recorded as straight line A, straight line B, and straight line C, and the angle between straight line A and straight line B is defined as , the angle between line A and line C is , then the above parameters must meet: ； 。 3. A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the transmission plates (8) is two; The adapter flange (7) comprises a hollow ring (71) and two lugs (72) symmetrically connected to the outside of the hollow ring (71); the hollow ring (71) is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper end of the hollow inner rotating shaft (6), and the two lugs (72) are respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of corresponding transmission plates (8); The mounting ring (1) comprises a mounting disc (101) and a mounting convex ring (102) connected to one side of the mounting disc (101); the motor reducer assembly (2) is fixedly mounted on the mounting convex ring (102); and the first light-transmitting hole is coaxially opened on the mounting disc (101).

4. A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the hollow ring (71) is provided with a hollow bearing heat insulation plate (10); The hollow bearing heat insulation plate (10) is fixed on the hollow ring (71) by a plurality of screws, and a glass fiber reinforced plastic heat insulation pad is provided at the position where each screw is connected to the hollow ring (71); A transmission heat insulation plate (11) is provided on the inner side wall of at least one of the two transmission plates (8); The transmission heat insulation plate (11) is fixed to the transmission plate (8) by means of a plurality of screws, and a glass fiber reinforced plastic heat insulation pad is provided at the position where each screw is connected to the transmission plate (8).

5. A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ball bearing group (5) is two thin-walled angular contact ball bearings arranged back to back; The precision of the thin-walled angular contact ball bearing is P4 grade; The bearing wall thickness of the thin-wall angular contact ball bearing is less than 1 / 12 of the bearing inner diameter.

6. A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The number of the locking assemblies (17) is four groups, of which two groups of locking assemblies (17) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the connection between the light-shielding back plate (131) and the connecting ring (9), and the other two groups of locking assemblies (17) are respectively arranged at the connection positions between the two inclined columns (132) and the connecting ring (9).

7. A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a magnetic steel (92) and three Hall sensors (91); The magnetic steel (92) is mounted on the connecting ring (9); The three Hall sensors (91) are all mounted on the second mounting frame (152), and the horizontal distances between the three Hall sensors (91) and the rotating shaft are equal; The magnetic steel (92) is mounted on the connecting ring (9), and the horizontal distance between the magnetic steel (92) and the rotating shaft is equal to the horizontal distance between the Hall sensor (91) and the rotating shaft.

8. The multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ground-air light shield (14) and the light-blocking ring (141) are integrally manufactured using carbon fiber; The wall thickness of the ground-air light shield (14) is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the light-blocking ring (141) is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm; Reinforcing ribs are provided at the load-bearing positions of the first mounting frame (151) and the second mounting frame (152).

9. A multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transmission plate (8) is made of titanium alloy; The inner side wall of the transmission plate (8) is provided with an ultra-black coating; The outer side wall of the transmission plate (8) is also provided with reinforcing ribs.

10. The multi-space optical camera based on a large-size, lightweight sunshade according to claim 1, characterized in that: A debris protection cover (12) is circumferentially provided on the outer side of the hollow large gear (4); The ratio of the minimum inner diameter of the second light-through hole corresponding to the main camera (161) optical path to the inner diameter of the first light-through hole is 2.

Images