A breeding method for reducing the attachment of honeydew to white wax moth
By spraying honey dew, reducing the adhesion of the bellworm honey honey, solving the problem of high parasitic parasitic rate, improved the reproductive survival rate and the health of parasitic plants.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411396923.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-10-09
AI Technical Summary
The attachment of ash waxworm honeydew causes a high pest parasitic rate, affecting ash waxworm reproduction and parasitic plant health.
Spray the dew on a dew on the white wax insect to reduce honey appetite. Remoixing agent is composed of active carbon powder, sucrose fatty acid ester, diatomic soil, oleateamide, and magnesium carbonate, and reducing honey -dew adhesion through emulsification and adsorption.
A significant reduction of the number of pests parasites in the ovaries of the white wax insects, increased the survival rate of the propagation of white wax insects, and reduced the impact on parasitic plants.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of white wax moth breeding, and in particular to a breeding method for reducing the attachment of white wax moth honeydew. Background Art
[0002] The white wax moth (Ericerus pela (Chavannes)) is an important resource insect. The white wax secreted by the white wax moth on the host plant is a pure natural biological wax containing lipid substances composed of higher saturated monobasic acids and monohydric alcohols. It is an important biochemical resource with great economic value and is widely used in medicine, food, electronics, information technology, light industry, chemical industry, daily necessities and high-end cosmetics industries.
[0003] The female nymphs of the white wax moth undergo incomplete metamorphosis, while the males undergo complete metamorphosis. They parasitize on the branches of more than 20 host plants, such as Ligustrum lucidum Ait. and Fraxinus chinensis Roxb. The first-instar nymphs of the white wax moths hatch from the eggs and swim and crawl on the host, looking for a suitable leaf to settle on and live for a period of time. This period of time is called "leaf settling" in white wax production. Due to the different ecological needs of male and female nymphs for light, the female and male nymphs are located in different parts of the leaves during leaf settling. The first-instar nymphs live on the leaves for 10-20 days, then molt and enter the second-instar. The second-instar nymphs move from the leaves to the branches of the host plant to live, which is called "rod settling" in white wax production. After settling, the white wax moths will no longer move for the rest of their lives until they breed a new generation. The female adult in the egg-raising period gradually increases in size, arches from the abdomen to the dorsal plate, and finally forms a hollow spherical insect cyst, and begins to excrete transparent, sweet, and sticky honeydew. During the egg-raising period, a large amount of honeydew is secreted on the surface of the eggs. The honeydew not only attracts natural enemies to parasitize the eggs, such as the common natural enemy insects of the white wax moth, such as the Chinese flower-winged jumping wasp and the white wax moth broad-handled jumping wasp, which are attracted by the white wax moth honeydew to feed and then parasitize the white wax moth and eggs, with a parasitism rate of more than 30%. Not only that, the honeydew will also drip onto the surface of the parasitic plant, affecting the respiration of the parasitic plant and providing a breeding environment for pathogens, thereby spreading plant diseases. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a breeding method that reduces the attachment of white wax moth honeydew to improve the reproduction survival rate of the white wax moth while reducing the impact on the parasitic plant. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a breeding method for reducing the attachment of honeydew to white wax moth, solve the problem of honeydew attaching to white wax moth eggs, and reduce the influence of honeydew on the reproduction of white wax moth.
[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:
[0006] A breeding method for reducing the attachment of honeydew to white wax moth, the breeding method comprising the following steps:
[0007] (1) Picking and bagging seed worms: around the beginning of summer, mature seed worms are picked from the trees and made into worm bags;
[0008] (2) Hanging: Hang the insect bag on the branches of the parasitic tree and collect it after the wax worms hatch;
[0009] (3) Honeydew removal: In early March, spray the female white wax moth with honeydew remover until the female moth finishes laying eggs and then harvest the mature eggs.
[0010] The breeding industry of white wax worms is divided into two stages: worm production and wax production. During the egg-raising period of the worm-producing stage, white wax worms will secrete a large amount of honeydew on the surface of eggs. Honeydew contains a large amount of sugar and volatile substances and is sticky. These substances will attract natural enemies to parasitize in the eggs of white wax worms, resulting in a decrease in worm production. At the same time, honeydew dripping on parasitic trees can easily cause fungal infection. Therefore, the purpose of the invention is to spray honeydew removers on white wax worms to reduce the adhesion of honeydew.
[0011] Furthermore, the insect bag is a 50-60 mesh gauze bag, each bag contains 4-10 eggs, and one insect bag is hung on a branch of each parasitic tree. The branch is a two-year-old or three-year-old branch and is hung at the base of the branch.
[0012] Placing an insect bag at the base of a branch can encourage the hatched wax moths to crawl all over the branch and successfully fix the branch. It is best to use a 50-60 mesh bag for the insect bag, which has enough channels to not hinder the wax moths from crawling out and can also prevent the parasites in the eggs from crawling out.
[0013] Further, the insects are spread out in a cool place for 3-4 days to make insect bags. The insect bags need to be pre-hatched in a cool place for several days.
[0014] Furthermore, the honey dew remover is sprayed once a day, and the honey dew remover is sprayed on sunny days.
[0015] Since female wax moths lay eggs inside their bodies during the egg-laying period and honeydew is only produced as the body develops, honeydew remover should be sprayed after the wax moths hatch and until the egg-laying is finished. Honeydew remover should be used on sunny days as much as possible, once a day, preferably in the morning, and the amount of spray should be enough to evenly spray on the surface of the wax moth eggs.
[0016] Furthermore, after the insect bags are hung, the parasitic forest is subjected to tillage, weeding, nurturing and management, and insect attractant boards are hung after the white wax moths hatch.
[0017] During the cultivation of white wax worms, the growth and development of the parasitic trees should be closely monitored to avoid the parasitic trees affecting the reproduction of white wax worms. At the same time, insect traps can also be used to prevent and control pest parasitism while using the cultivation method of the present invention.
[0018] Further, the raw materials of the honey dew removing agent include:
[0019] Activated carbon powder, sucrose fatty acid ester, diatomaceous earth, oleamide, magnesium carbonate.
[0020] Further, the preparation method of the honey dew removing agent is as follows:
[0021] (1) After mixing oleic acid amide and water at 40-60° C. and stirring for 40-50 minutes, sucrose fatty acid ester is added and emulsified for 10-15 minutes to obtain an emulsion;
[0022] (2) Mix activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate, add water, stir and mix thoroughly, then add the emulsion, and stir at high speed for 1-2 minutes to obtain the honey dew remover.
[0023] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the activated carbon powder, sucrose fatty acid ester, diatomaceous earth, oleic acid amide and magnesium carbonate is (0.2-0.3): (0.5-0.6): (0.1-0.15): (0.2-0.4): (0.05-0.1).
[0024] Furthermore, in the step (1), the mass ratio of oleic acid amide to water is 1:(5-6), and in the step (2), the mass ratio of activated carbon powder to water is 1:(3-4).
[0025] Furthermore, the HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 5-7.
[0026] Beneficial effects:
[0027] The breeding method of reducing honeydew attachment on the surface of white wax moth of the present invention can significantly reduce the number of pests parasitizing in white wax moth eggs, while not affecting the egg carrying capacity and hatching rate of white wax moth, and can reduce the amount of pesticides used in the breeding process, which has positive significance for preventing and controlling parasitic pests and has a positive promoting effect on the white wax moth industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments:
[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial channels.
[0030] Example 1: Preparation of honey dew remover
[0031] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass:
[0032] 200g activated carbon powder, 500g sucrose fatty acid ester, 100g diatomaceous earth, 200g oleic acid amide, 50g magnesium carbonate, wherein the activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate are all in powder form and passed through a 270-mesh sieve, wherein the HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 5.
[0033] (1) After mixing oleic acid amide and 1000 g of water, stirring at 200 rpm for 40 min at 40° C., sucrose fatty acid ester was added and emulsified for 10 min to obtain an emulsion;
[0034] (2) Mix activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate, add 600 g of water, stir and mix well, then add the emulsion, and stir at a high speed of 1000 rpm for 1 min to obtain a honey dew remover.
[0035] Example 2: Preparation of honey dew remover
[0036] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass:
[0037] 300g activated carbon powder, 600g sucrose fatty acid ester, 150g diatomaceous earth, 400g oleic acid amide, 100g magnesium carbonate, wherein the activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate are all in powder form and passed through a 325-mesh sieve, wherein the HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 7.
[0038] (1) After mixing oleic acid amide and 2400 g of water, stirring at 200 rpm for 50 min at 60°C, sucrose fatty acid ester was added and emulsified for 15 min to obtain an emulsion;
[0039] (2) Mix activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate, add 1200 g of water, stir and mix well, then add the emulsion, and stir at 1000 rpm for 2 min to obtain a honey dew remover.
[0040] Example 3: Preparation of honey dew remover
[0041] Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass:
[0042] 250g activated carbon powder, 550g sucrose fatty acid ester, 120g diatomaceous earth, 300g oleic acid amide, 80g magnesium carbonate, wherein the activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate are all in powder form and passed through a 325-mesh sieve, and the HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 5.
[0043] (1) After mixing oleic acid amide and 1650 g of water, stirring at 200 rpm for 45 min at 50 °C, sucrose fatty acid ester was added and emulsified for 12 min to obtain an emulsion;
[0044] (2) Mix activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate, add 875 g of water, stir and mix well, then add the emulsion, and stir at a high speed of 1000 rpm for 1 min to obtain a honey dew remover.
[0045] Comparative Example 1:
[0046] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that sucrose fatty acid ester is not used. The specific preparation process is as follows:
[0047] (1) Mix oleic acid amide and 1000 g of water and stir at 200 rpm for 40 min at 40°C to obtain a mixed solution;
[0048] (2) Mix activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate, add 600 g of water, stir and mix well, then add the mixed solution, stir at a high speed of 1000 r / min for 1 min to obtain a honey dew remover.
[0049] Comparative Example 2:
[0050] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that oleamide is not used. The specific preparation process is as follows:
[0051] (1) Mix sucrose fatty acid ester and 1000 g of water and stir at 200 rpm for 40 min at 40° C. to obtain a mixed solution;
[0052] (2) Mix activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate, add 600 g of water, stir and mix well, then add the mixed solution, stir at 1000 rpm for 1 min to obtain a honey dew remover.
[0053] Comparative Example 3:
[0054] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that no activated carbon powder is used. The specific preparation process is as follows:
[0055] (1) After mixing oleic acid amide and 1000 g of water, stirring at 200 rpm for 40 min at 40° C., sucrose fatty acid ester was added and emulsified for 10 min to obtain an emulsion;
[0056] (2) Mix diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate, add 500 g of water, stir to mix, add the emulsion, and stir at a high speed of 1000 rpm for 1 min to obtain a honey dew remover.
[0057] Comparative Example 4:
[0058] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that diatomaceous earth is not used. The specific preparation process is as follows:
[0059] (1) After mixing oleic acid amide and 1000 g of water, stirring at 200 rpm for 40 min at 40° C., sucrose fatty acid ester was added and emulsified for 10 min to obtain an emulsion;
[0060] (2) Mix activated carbon powder and magnesium carbonate, add 400 g of water, stir and mix well, then add the emulsion, and stir at a high speed of 1000 rpm for 1 min to obtain a honey dew remover.
[0061] Comparative Example 5:
[0062] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that magnesium carbonate is not used. The specific preparation process is as follows:
[0063] (1) After mixing oleic acid amide and 1000 g of water, stirring at 200 rpm for 40 min at 40° C., sucrose fatty acid ester was added and emulsified for 10 min to obtain an emulsion;
[0064] (2) Mix activated carbon powder and diatomaceous earth, add 500 g of water, stir to mix, add the emulsion, and stir at a high speed of 1000 rpm for 1 min to obtain a honey dew remover.
[0065] Comparative Example 6:
[0066] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that the HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 3, and the preparation process is the same.
[0067] Comparative Example 7:
[0068] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that the HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 10, and the preparation process is the same.
[0069] Comparative Example 8:
[0070] In contrast to Example 1, the only difference is that the activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate are all in powder form and passed through a 400-mesh sieve, and the preparation process is the same.
[0071] Example 4: Cultivation of white wax worms
[0072] (1) Picking and bagging seed worms: Pick the mature seed worms off the trees around the beginning of summer, spread them out in a cool place for 3 or 4 days, and then put them into 50-mesh or 60-mesh nylon mesh bags at a standard of 4-10 grains per bag, and seal them to make insect bags;
[0073] (2) Hanging: Try to use two-year-old or three-year-old Ligustrum lucidum branches, hang the insect bag at the base of the Ligustrum lucidum branches, and then hang an insect trap to prevent the natural enemies of the white wax moth. At the same time, observe the hatching of the white wax moth. After the tree is completed, the insect bag should be collected in time. After the wax is released, the Ligustrum lucidum forest needs to be managed and maintained, including inter-row cultivation, weeding, and tending management.
[0074] (3) Honeydew removal: Wait until early March and spray the female white wax moth with honeydew remover on a sunny day. Spray once every morning until the female moth finishes laying eggs. After the egg-laying is completed, harvest the mature insects for the next round of white wax moth breeding.
[0075] experiment:
[0076] In 2022, the breeding method of the present invention was experimented in Liangshan, Sichuan, and the parasitism of parasitic bees and white wax scale long-horned weevils was observed.
[0077] Host tree: 2-year-old Ligustrum lucidum.
[0078] Experimental group 1: The culture was carried out according to the culture method of Example 4, wherein the honeydew remover was the one prepared in Example 1.
[0079] Control groups 1-8: The culture was carried out according to the culture method of Example 4, wherein the honeydew removers were prepared by comparative examples 1-8.
[0080] Control group 9: The culture was carried out according to the culture method of Example 4, wherein the honeydew remover was replaced with clean water.
[0081] Blank control: The culture was carried out according to the culture method of Example 4 without spraying the honeydew remover.
[0082] When spraying honeydew remover or clean water, just spray it evenly on the surface of the white wax moth eggs. Spray once in the morning on a sunny day and do not spray on rainy days.
[0083] After the egg laying is finished, wait for the mature insects to be harvested for the next round of white wax insect reproduction. In the next round of reproduction, select insects to observe the egg carrying capacity and the number of insects on the gauze net after hatching.
[0084] From each group, 25 unparasitized insect species (oocysts) of relatively consistent size (7.5×7.5×6 mm) were randomly selected, 20 of which were selected to calculate the average number of eggs, and then 5 insect species were randomly placed on the branches, the hatching situation was observed regularly, and the average hatching rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0085] Each group randomly selected insect species to make 50 50-mesh gauze insect bags, each of which contained 10 insect species and was randomly hung on the branches of Ligustrum lucidum. After the larvae of white wax moths had finished climbing the tree, the gauze was taken back, the pests in the bag were killed, and the number of parasitic wasps and white wax scale long-horned weevils was counted. The average number of pests in each insect species was counted, and the results were shown in Table 2:
[0086] Table 1
[0087] Egg quantity (grains) Hatching rate (%) Experimental Group 1 6821 84.75 Control group 1 6673 82.67 Control group 2 6940 82.58 Control group 3 6759 84.91 Control group 4 6904 84.57 Control group 5 6762 84.86 Control group 6 6807 83.94 Control group 7 6873 85.00 Control group 8 6240 79.01 Control group 9 6736 84.65 Blank control 6896 84.57
[0088] Table 2
[0089] Parasitic wasp (piece / tablet) White wax scale longhorn elephant (piece / piece) Experimental Group 1 0.13 0.09 Control group 1 0.27 0.21 Control group 2 0.31 0.19 Control group 3 0.29 0.16 Control group 4 0.25 0.14 Control group 5 0.21 0.11 Control group 6 0.18 0.10 Control group 7 0.26 0.14 Control group 8 0.18 0.12 Control group 9 0.52 0.30 Blank control 0.59 0.34
[0090] Analyzing the data in Table 1 and Table 2, we can see that:
[0091] 1. According to the results of experimental group 1, the breeding method of the present invention adopts the honey dew remover to spray the female insects in the egg-laying period, and the egg-carrying capacity is not much different from that of the blank control, indicating that the honey dew remover of the present invention has no effect on the egg-carrying capacity of the white wax insect, and there is no significant difference in the hatching rate, indicating that the honey dew remover of the present invention has no significant effect on the worm production rate of the white wax insect, and has no significant effect on the reproduction of the white wax insect.
[0092] 2, experimental group 1 and control group 9 are compared with blank, and the number of parasitic wasps and white wax scale longhorn in the net bag is significantly reduced, especially parasitic wasps have reduced 0.46 / grain, indicating that the honey dew removing agent of the present invention has the obvious effect of preventing pest parasitism. This is because honeydew contains multiple nutrients and contains information material that attracts parasitic wasps and other pests to parasitize, when honeydew removing agent is adopted to remove honeydew, honeydew comes off and can significantly reduce the probability of parasitic pests parasitizing white wax worm eggs, and then reduces the probability of insect hatching in eggs, and avoids the harm of parasitic pests larvae feeding white wax worm eggs. Control group 9 is compared to blank, and its parasitism rate also has a certain degree of reduction, and this is because spraying clear water can also remove honeydew, but because honeydew removes white wax worms and still can secrete so its sustainability is poor, it is difficult to solve the problem more efficiently.
[0093] 3. Control groups 1-5 are all comparisons of the raw materials of the honey dew remover, and the overall effect of preventing parasitism is also poor. This is because the sucrose fatty acid ester, oleamide, and magnesium carbonate in the honey dew remover of the present invention can significantly improve the fluidity of the honey dew, prompting the activated carbon powder and diatomaceous earth with adsorption capacity to accelerate the dripping speed after adsorbing the honey dew, reducing the time for the honey dew to adhere to the egg capsule, and at the same time, after the nutrients, pheromones and other components in the honey dew are adsorbed, it is difficult for pests to quickly find the eggs of the white wax insect through the pheromones, reducing the probability of its parasitism. In addition, since the honey dew has viscosity, a part will still remain on the surface of the egg capsule after dripping, thereby intercepting a part of the honey dew remover. Therefore, the honey dew remover acts on the surface of the egg capsule for a long time, and continues to act on the honeydew secreted by the white wax insect. When the honey dew remover is applied on the second day, the water washes off the original part and then continues to act on the surface of the egg capsule.
[0094] 4. The HLB value of sucrose fatty acid ester has a significant effect on its hydrophilic and lipophilic chemical properties. According to the comparison between experimental group 1 and control group 6 and control group 7, the HLB value of sucrose fatty acid ester is best when it is between 5 and 7. At the same time, control group 8 experimented with the particle size selection of activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth, and magnesium carbonate powder, but the particle size used was relatively low, and its egg carrying capacity and hatching rate were reduced. This may be because too fine raw materials will affect the air permeability of its body surface, resulting in a decrease in its egg carrying capacity and hatching rate.
[0095] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.
Claims
1. A breeding method for reducing the attachment of honeydew to white wax moth, characterized in that: The breeding method comprises the following steps: (1) Picking and bagging seed worms: around the beginning of summer, the mature seed worms are picked from the trees and made into bags; (2) Hanging: Hang the insect bag on the branches of the parasitic tree and collect it after the wax worms hatch; (3) Honeydew removal: In early March, spray the female white wax moth with honeydew remover until the female moth finishes laying eggs and then harvests the mature eggs; The raw materials of the honey dew remover include: activated carbon powder, sucrose fatty acid ester, diatomaceous earth, oleic acid amide, and magnesium carbonate; The mass ratio of the activated carbon powder, sucrose fatty acid ester, diatomaceous earth, oleic acid amide and magnesium carbonate is (0.2-0.3): (0.5-0.6): (0.1-0.15): (0.2-0.4): (0.05-0.1).
2. A breeding method for reducing honeydew adhesion of white wax moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insect bag is a 50-60 mesh gauze bag, each bag contains 4-10 eggs, and one insect bag is hung on a branch of each parasitic tree. The branch is a two-year-old or three-year-old branch, and is hung at the base of the branch.
3. A breeding method for reducing honeydew adhesion of white wax moth according to claim 2, characterized in that: The insects are spread out in a cool place for 3-4 days to make insect bags.
4. A breeding method for reducing honeydew adhesion of white wax moth according to claim 3, characterized in that: The honey dew removing agent is sprayed once a day on a sunny day.
5. A breeding method for reducing honeydew adhesion of white wax moth according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the insect bags are hung, the parasitic trees are cultivated, weeded, nurtured and managed. After the wax moths hatch, insect attractant boards are hung.
6. A breeding method for reducing honeydew adhesion of white wax moth according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the honey dew removing agent is as follows: (1) After mixing oleic acid amide and water at 40-60° C. and stirring for 40-50 minutes, sucrose fatty acid ester is added and emulsified for 10-15 minutes to obtain an emulsion; (2) Mix activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate, add water, stir and mix thoroughly, then add the emulsion, and stir at high speed for 1-2 minutes to obtain the honey dew remover.
7. A breeding method for reducing honeydew adhesion of white wax moth according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step (1), the mass ratio of oleic acid amide to water is 1:(5-6), and in the step (2), the mass ratio of activated carbon powder to water is 1:(3-4).
8. A breeding method for reducing honeydew adhesion of white wax moth according to claim 7, characterized in that: The HLB value of the sucrose fatty acid ester is 5-7, and the activated carbon powder, diatomaceous earth and magnesium carbonate are all in powder form and passed through a 270-325 mesh sieve.