A perforation detection laser cutting head

Abstract

The present invention discloses a perforation detection laser cutting head, comprising a body, a mounting cavity formed in the body, a detection unit, the detection unit is used to receive light reflected by a mirror unit and identify the light intensity, a control device, the control device forms a coverage surface corresponding to the detection path, the control device is used to adjust the overlapping range of the coverage surface and the detection path, and a nozzle unit, the nozzle unit is arranged corresponding to the lower end of the body, the nozzle unit includes an auxiliary path formed on the upper portion, the auxiliary path is used for light to enter the interior of the body, the coverage surface can match the light spot size through the setting of the control device, and then a larger reflection range can be obtained in the reflection cavity, so that the light in the installation cavity is more concentrated, and then the mirror unit can be used to improve the light intensity entering the detection cavity, so as to improve the detection accuracy of the detection unit, and more light reflected from the workpiece surface can be captured through the auxiliary path, so as to improve the detection accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and more particularly to a perforation detection laser cutting head. Background Art

[0002] Laser processing is a cutting method that uses a high-energy laser beam to melt the surface of the workpiece and blows away the slag with a high-speed fan. During the laser processing process, the processing time of the laser beam needs to be strictly limited. Laser processing time that is too short will cause the workpiece to be unable to penetrate, while laser processing time that is too long will not only lead to poor quality of the workpiece processing edge, but also cause damage to machine tools.

[0003] Therefore, the current laser perforation detection method uses a photosensitive sensor integrated in the laser head, and the light at the nozzle enters the laser head. The photosensitive sensor detects the intensity of the light to achieve perforation detection. However, the above method still has the following defects:

[0004] 1. Due to the processing requirements of different workpieces during laser processing, the size of the light plate needs to be adjusted, which makes the traditional perforation detection equipment unable to adapt. Too much light is difficult to gather in the laser head, resulting in reduced detection accuracy;

[0005] 2. Due to the need for processing accuracy, the aperture of the nozzle is smaller, resulting in weaker light entering the laser head, so it needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a perforation detection laser cutting head, which can improve the focusing degree of light in the laser head and facilitate more light to enter the laser head to improve the detection accuracy of the sensor.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A perforation detection laser cutting head comprises a body, wherein a mounting cavity is formed in the body;

[0009] A detection device, the detection device is installed in the installation cavity, the detection device includes a detection cavity and a reflection cavity arranged in left and right, a detection path aligned with the axis of the light beam path is formed on the reflection cavity, a mirror unit is provided in the reflection cavity, the mirror unit is used to reflect light to the detection cavity, a detection unit is provided in the detection cavity, the detection unit is used to receive the light reflected by the mirror unit and identify the intensity of the light, and the upper end of the detection device forms a regulating end;

[0010] A regulating device, the regulating device is arranged corresponding to the regulating end, the regulating device forms a coverage surface corresponding to the detection path, and the regulating device is used to adjust the overlapping range between the coverage surface and the detection path;

[0011] The nozzle unit is arranged corresponding to the lower end of the main body, and the nozzle unit includes an auxiliary passage formed on the upper portion, and the auxiliary passage is used for allowing light to enter the interior of the main body.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the regulating end is provided with a driving cavity and a storage cavity arranged vertically, the regulating device includes a driving mechanism arranged in the corresponding driving cavity and a plurality of regulating plates located in the storage cavity, the plurality of regulating plates are arranged circumferentially along the axis of the detection passage, the driving mechanism is used to respectively connect the plurality of regulating plates, and drive one end of the plurality of regulating plates to swing toward the center of the detection passage at the same time.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a rotating rod is provided at one end of the regulating plate and is rotatably connected to the storage chamber through the rotating rod. One end of the rotating rod is located in the driving chamber and is provided with a driven gear. A driving ring is provided in the driving chamber, and the driving ring is rotatably connected to the driving chamber. A rack is provided on the inner side of the driving ring and multiple driven gears are connected in sequence through the rack. The regulating device also includes a motor. A driving gear is provided in the driving chamber corresponding to the output end of the motor. The driving gear is connected to the rack and drives the driving ring to rotate through the rack.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the lower end surface of the regulating piece forms a fourth reflecting surface.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the nozzle unit includes a conical body, the auxiliary passage is a body made of transparent material, the upper end of the body is connected to a connecting column and is connected to the main body through the connecting column, the main body forms a through hole along the axis, an annular groove is formed in the through hole and a heat-resistant tube is provided corresponding to the annular groove, an outlet is formed between the main body corresponding to the connecting column and the heat-resistant tube, the outer wall of the heat-resistant tube forms a first reflecting surface, the upper end of the main body is provided with a second reflecting surface, the side of the main body is provided with an annular third reflecting surface, the upper edge of the third reflecting surface is in contact with the second reflecting surface, and the side wall of the main body forms an entrance corresponding to the area not covered by the third reflecting surface.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the connecting column and the heat-resistant tube are made of copper / ceramic material.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mirror unit includes a fifth reflection surface located in the detection passage and a sixth reflection surface located on the top of the fifth reflection surface.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the detection unit includes a focusing lens group and a photosensor, the focusing lens group includes a filter and a focusing lens arranged in sequence from the reflection cavity to the detection cavity, and the focusing lens is used to focus light to the photosensor.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] 1. By adjusting the setting of the device, the coverage area can match the spot size, so that a larger reflection range can be obtained in the reflection cavity, so that the light in the installation cavity is more concentrated, and then the mirror unit can be used to increase the intensity of light entering the detection cavity, so as to improve the detection accuracy of the detection unit.

[0021] 2. By setting an auxiliary passage on the nozzle unit, more light reflected from the workpiece surface can be captured to increase the amount of light entering the installation cavity, thereby improving the detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the overall installation of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the control device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B.

[0026] 1. Main body; 2. Mounting cavity; 3. Detection device; 4. Detection cavity; 5. Reflection cavity; 6. Detection passage; 7. Mirror unit; 8. Detection unit; 9. Control end; 10. Control device; 11. Nozzle unit; 12. Auxiliary passage; 13. Drive cavity; 14. Storage cavity; 15. Drive mechanism; 16. Control plate; 17. Rotating rod; 18. Driven gear; 19. Drive ring; 20. Rack; 21. Motor; 22. Drive gear; 23. Main body; 24. Connecting column; 25. Through hole; 26. Ring groove; 27. Heat-resistant tube; 28. Exit; 29. ​​First reflection surface; 30. Second reflection surface; 31. Third reflection surface; 32. Entrance; 33. Fourth reflection surface; 34. Fifth reflection surface; 35. Sixth reflection surface; 36. Filter; 37. Focusing mirror; 38. Photosensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein the same components are represented by the same reference numerals.

[0028] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a perforation detection laser cutting head includes a main body 1, a mounting cavity 2 is formed in the main body 1, and the upper end of the main body 1 is connected to a laser source, and the laser source emits laser and passes through the mounting cavity 2.

[0029] Preferably, a detection device 3 is also included, and the detection device 3 is installed in the installation cavity 2. The detection device 3 includes a detection cavity 4 and a reflection cavity 5 arranged on the left and right. A detection passage 6 aligned with the axis of the light beam passage is formed on the reflection cavity 5. A mirror unit 7 is provided in the reflection cavity 5, and the mirror unit 7 is used to reflect the light to the detection cavity 4. A detection unit 8 is provided in the detection cavity 4, and the detection unit 8 is used to receive the light reflected by the mirror unit 7 and identify the intensity of the light. A regulating end 9 is formed at the upper end of the detection device 3.

[0030] Preferably, a regulating device 10 is also included. The regulating device 10 is arranged corresponding to the regulating end 9. The regulating device 10 forms a coverage surface corresponding to the detection path 6. The regulating device 10 is used to adjust the overlapping range between the coverage surface and the detection path 6. More specifically, the coverage surface is annular or quasi-annular to expand the coverage area.

[0031] Preferably, a nozzle unit 11 is further included. The nozzle unit 11 is arranged corresponding to the lower end of the main body 1 . The nozzle unit 11 includes an auxiliary passage 12 formed on the upper portion. The auxiliary passage 12 is used for allowing light to enter the interior of the main body 1 .

[0032] When in use, laser is emitted by a laser source and is emitted from the nozzle to the surface of the workpiece through the detection passage 6. The workpiece surface reflects the laser, and the reflected light enters the installation cavity 2 along the passage of the nozzle itself and the auxiliary passage 12. At the same time, the control device 10 is adjusted according to the size of the laser processing spot at that position so that the coverage size matches the spot. The light further enters the installation cavity 2 and is reflected to the mirror unit 7, and is reflected to the detection cavity 4 through the mirror unit 7, so that the detection unit 8 receives the light and forms an electrical model, and further transmits the electrical signal to the terminal.

[0033] When the laser penetrates the surface of the workpiece, the light reflected from the surface of the workpiece will suddenly decrease significantly. Therefore, the perforation detection can be completed according to the change of light intensity detected by the detection unit 8.

[0034] Preferably, the regulating end 9 is provided with a driving cavity 13 and a storage cavity 14 which are arranged vertically, and the regulating device 10 includes a driving mechanism 15 arranged in the corresponding driving cavity 13 and a plurality of regulating plates 16 located in the storage cavity 14, and the plurality of regulating plates 16 are arranged circumferentially along the axis of the detection passage 6. The driving mechanism 15 is used to respectively connect the plurality of regulating plates 16 and drive one end of the plurality of regulating plates 16 to swing toward the center direction of the detection passage 6 at the same time.

[0035] Specifically, the coverage area is the overlapping area between the lower end surface of the regulating piece 16 and the detection passage 6 .

[0036] When in use, the plurality of regulating pieces 16 can be adjusted simultaneously through the driving mechanism 15 , which facilitates operation.

[0037] Preferably, a rotating rod 17 is provided at one end of the regulating piece 16 and is rotatably connected to the storage chamber 14 through the rotating rod 17. One end of the rotating rod 17 is located in the driving chamber 13 and is provided with a driven gear 18. A driving ring 19 is provided in the driving chamber 13, and the driving ring 19 is rotatably connected to the driving chamber 13. A rack 20 is provided on the inner side of the driving ring 19 and multiple driven gears 18 are connected in sequence through the rack 20. The regulating device 10 also includes a motor 21. A driving gear 22 is provided in the driving chamber 13 corresponding to the output end of the motor 21. The driving gear 22 is connected to the rack 20 and drives the driving ring 19 to rotate through the rack 20.

[0038] When in use, the motor 21 drives the driving gear 22 to rotate, and the rack 20 further drives the driving ring 19 to rotate, and then drives the driven gear 18 to rotate, thereby driving multiple regulating plates 16 to swing simultaneously. The driving method of the motor 21 and the gear can make the overall adjustment more accurate.

[0039] Preferably, the nozzle unit 11 includes a conical main body 23, the auxiliary passage 12 is a main body 1 made of a transparent material, the upper end of the main body 23 is connected to a connecting column 24 and is connected to the main body 23 through the connecting column 24, the main body 23 forms a through hole 25 along the axis, an annular groove 26 is formed in the through hole 25 and a heat-resistant tube 27 is provided corresponding to the annular groove 26, an outlet 28 is formed between the main body 23 corresponding to the connecting column 24 and the heat-resistant tube 27, the outer wall of the heat-resistant tube 27 forms a first reflecting surface 29, a second reflecting surface 30 is provided at the upper end of the main body 23, and an annular third reflecting surface 31 is provided on the side of the main body 23, the upper edge of the third reflecting surface 31 is in contact with the second reflecting surface 30, and an entrance 32 is formed on the side wall of the main body 23 corresponding to the area not covered by the third reflecting surface 31.

[0040] When in use, the light reflected by the workpiece enters the main body 23 along the entrance 32, and is reflected to the exit 28 by the first reflection surface 29, the second reflection surface 30 and the third reflection surface 31, and enters the installation cavity 2 through the exit 28, thereby increasing the light intensity in the installation cavity 2 to improve the detection accuracy.

[0041] The first reflecting surface 29 , the second reflecting surface 30 and the third reflecting surface 31 can further reflect the light reflected into the main body 23 , thereby increasing the amount of light at the outlet 28 .

[0042] At the same time, the arrangement of the heat-resistant tube 27 and the connecting column 24 can also ensure the overall strength to improve the heat resistance performance.

[0043] Preferably, the connecting column 24 and the heat-resistant tube 27 are made of copper / ceramic material.

[0044] The above material can ensure high temperature heat resistance while forming a natural reflective surface on its outer surface.

[0045] Preferably, the lower end surface of the regulating piece 16 forms a fourth reflecting surface 33 .

[0046] The fourth reflecting surface 33 is provided to improve the gathering of light in the reflecting cavity 5, so as to reduce material absorption and thus improve the light intensity.

[0047] Preferably, the mirror unit 7 includes a fifth reflecting surface 34 located on the detection passage 6 and a sixth reflecting surface 35 located on the top of the fifth reflecting surface 34 .

[0048] The fifth reflecting surface 34 and the sixth reflecting surface 35 can improve the focusing effect of the light in the reflecting cavity 5 .

[0049] At the same time, the fifth reflective surface 34 forms a through hole corresponding to the detection cavity 4 to allow light to pass through.

[0050] Preferably, the detection unit 8 includes a focusing lens group 37 and a photosensor 38 . The focusing lens group 37 includes a filter 36 and a focusing lens 37 arranged in sequence from the reflection cavity 5 to the detection cavity 4 . The focusing lens 37 is used to focus light to the photosensor 38 .

[0051] The arrangement of the focusing mirror 37 can cooperate with the above device to further increase the light intensity in the detection cavity 4, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A perforation detection laser cutting head, characterized in that: It comprises a body (1), wherein a mounting cavity (2) is formed in the body (1); A detection device (3), the detection device (3) being installed in the installation cavity (2), the detection device (3) comprising a detection cavity (4) and a reflection cavity (5) arranged on the left and right, a detection passage (6) being formed on the reflection cavity (5) and being aligned with the axis of the light beam passage, a mirror unit (7) being provided in the reflection cavity (5), the mirror unit (7) being used to reflect light to the detection cavity (4), a detection unit (8) being provided in the detection cavity (4), the detection unit (8) being used to receive light reflected by the mirror unit (7) and identify the intensity of the light, and a control end (9) being formed at the upper end of the detection device (3); A regulating device (10), the regulating device (10) being arranged corresponding to the regulating end (9), the regulating device (10) forming a covering surface corresponding to the detection passage (6), and the regulating device (10) being used to adjust the overlapping range between the covering surface and the detection passage (6); A nozzle unit (11), the nozzle unit (11) being arranged corresponding to the lower end of the body (1), the nozzle unit (11) comprising an auxiliary passage (12) formed thereon, the auxiliary passage (12) being used for allowing light to enter the interior of the body (1); The nozzle unit (11) comprises a conical body (23); the auxiliary passage (12) is a body (23) made of a transparent material; the upper end of the body (23) is connected to a connecting column (24) and is connected to the main body (1) through the connecting column (24); the body (23) forms a through hole (25) along the axis; an annular groove (26) is formed in the through hole (25) and a heat-resistant tube (27) is provided corresponding to the annular groove (26); an outlet (28) is formed between the body (23) and the heat-resistant tube (27) corresponding to the connecting column (24); the outer wall of the heat-resistant tube (27) forms a first reflecting surface (29); the upper end of the body (23) is provided with a second reflecting surface (30); the side of the body (23) is provided with an annular third reflecting surface (31); the upper edge of the third reflecting surface (31) is in contact with the second reflecting surface (30); and the side wall of the body (23) forms an inlet (32) corresponding to the area not covered by the third reflecting surface (31).

2. A perforation detection laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating end (9) is provided with a driving cavity (13) and a receiving cavity (14) arranged in an upper and lower manner. The regulating device (10) comprises a driving mechanism (15) arranged in the corresponding driving cavity (13) and a plurality of regulating pieces (16) located in the receiving cavity (14). The plurality of regulating pieces (16) are arranged circumferentially along the axis of the detection passage (6). The driving mechanism (15) is used to respectively connect the plurality of regulating pieces (16) and drive one end of the plurality of regulating pieces (16) to swing toward the center of the detection passage (6) at the same time.

3. A perforation detection laser cutting head according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotating rod (17) is provided at one end of the regulating plate (16) and is rotatably connected to the storage chamber (14) via the rotating rod (17); one end of the rotating rod (17) is located in the driving chamber (13) and is provided with a driven gear (18); a driving ring (19) is provided in the driving chamber (13); the driving ring (19) is rotatably connected to the driving chamber (13); a rack (20) is provided on the inner side of the driving ring (19) and a plurality of driven gears (18) are sequentially connected via the rack (20); the regulating device (10) further comprises a motor (21); a driving gear (22) is provided in the driving chamber (13) at the output end of the motor (21); the driving gear (22) is connected to the rack (20) and drives the driving ring (19) to rotate via the rack (20).

4. A perforation detection laser cutting head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the regulating piece (16) forms a fourth reflecting surface (33).

5. The perforation detection laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting column (24) and the heat-resistant tube (27) are made of copper / ceramic materials.

6. The perforation detection laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mirror unit (7) comprises a fifth reflecting surface (34) located in the detection passage (6) and a sixth reflecting surface (35) located on the top of the fifth reflecting surface (34).

7. The perforation detection laser cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit (8) comprises a focusing mirror (37) group and a photosensor (38); the focusing mirror (37) group comprises a filter (36) and a focusing mirror (37) arranged in sequence from the reflection cavity (5) to the detection cavity (4); the focusing mirror (37) is used to focus light to the photosensor (38).

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