An aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and a method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of alloy technology improvement and provides a method for preparing aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, comprising: S1, adding a mixture of metallic magnesium, aluminum, aluminum-manganese alloy, and aluminum-chromium alloy to a melting furnace for heating and melting; S2, subjecting the molten mixture to grain refinement and refining treatment in the melting furnace; S3, casting and rolling the refined aluminum alloy melt to obtain an aluminum alloy wire rod; S4, subjecting the aluminum alloy wire rod to scraping, precision drawing, and precision scraping to generate an aluminum alloy welding wire that meets the required parameter standards. The aluminum alloy welding wire prepared by this method shortens the workshop production line, simplifies production equipment, reduces the cost of preparing aluminum alloy welding wire, improves production efficiency, reduces raw material consumption, and simultaneously possesses high mechanical properties, making it highly practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of alloy technology improvement, and particularly relates to a method for preparing aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern science and technology, various new technologies and processes are constantly emerging. In practice, people are constantly putting forward new or higher requirements for the performance of materials. Welding wire, as a metal wire welding material with filler metal, occupies an indispensable position in mechanical equipment.

[0003] In the field of aluminum alloy fusion welding, non-heat-treated strengthened aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is the most widely used, accounting for more than 50% of the total filler material used in aluminum alloys. In recent years, aluminum-magnesium alloys have been widely used in aerospace, weaponry, shipbuilding, and automotive lightweighting, effectively promoting the rapid development of both military and civilian industries. The substitution of other materials with aluminum alloys is becoming increasingly common in various fields, thus the market demand for aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is constantly increasing. The main element of aluminum-magnesium welding wire is aluminum, with a small amount of magnesium and trace amounts of manganese, chromium, titanium, etc., added to enhance its hardness. Aluminum-magnesium alloys have high corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity. To enable aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire to be used more widely in various fields, further improving its mechanical properties has become particularly important. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aluminum alloy welding wire and its preparation method, thereby solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] This invention is achieved as follows: an aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, wherein the second phase Al8Mg5 in the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is ≤5μm, and the composition of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire by mass percentage includes: magnesium (Mg): 4.5-5.2%, manganese (Mn): 0.1-1%, chromium (Cr): 0.1-0.2%, titanium (Ti): 0.05-0.2%, iron (Fe) ≤0.4%, silicon (Si) ≤0.25%, potassium (K) ≤0.007%, sodium (Na) ≤0.001%, nitrogen (N) ≤0.0009%, hydrogen (H) ≤0.0003%, oxygen (O) ≤0.026%, and other unspecified elements are considered as unavoidable impurity elements, with the balance being aluminum (Al) and other unavoidable impurity elements.

[0006] A further technical solution of the present invention is that: all other unspecified elements in the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire are considered as unavoidable other impurity elements, and their content is ≤0.05%.

[0007] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire has a tensile strength ≥440MPa, a yield strength ≥280MPa, an elongation ≥4%, a weld tensile strength ≥370MPa, a weld elongation ≥5.5%, a weld tensile strength ≥220MPa, and a weld resistance to intergranular corrosion ≤0.02mm.

[0008] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the unavoidable other impurities are lithium (Li), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), and lead (Pb).

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Weigh out magnesium metal, aluminum ingots, aluminum-manganese master alloy and aluminum-chromium master alloy and add them to a vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to melt into a molten alloy.

[0011] S2. Grain-refining alloy and refining agent are added to a vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to refine and refine the grains of the molten alloy;

[0012] S3. The refined molten alloy is heat-treated, cast, and rolled to obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy wire rod.

[0013] S4. The aluminum alloy wire rod is annealed, drawn, scraped, finely drawn, and finely scraped to produce aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire with the required parameters.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is: in step S1, when the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace is gradually heated to 750-850°C, the weighed raw materials are added to the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to melt into a molten alloy.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is: step S2 includes the following steps:

[0016] S21. Vacuuming and filling the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace with argon gas using vacuum equipment.

[0017] S22. Add the aluminum grain refinement alloy to a vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to refine the molten alloy.

[0018] S23. Add refining agent to refine the molten alloy and then purify it.

[0019] A further technical solution of the present invention is: in step S22, aluminum grain refinement alloy Al5Ti1B is added into a vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to refine the grains of the aluminum-magnesium molten alloy.

[0020] A further technical solution of the present invention is: in step S23, refining agent K2MgCl4 is added into a vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to purify, degas and filter the molten aluminum-magnesium alloy.

[0021] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the casting and rolling in step S3 uses a high compression ratio continuous casting and rolling mill.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By combining and smelting alloy materials and single metal materials using a continuous casting and rolling mill process, wire processing efficiency can be improved, the number of drawing passes can be reduced, and a high yield and efficient preparation of aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire can be achieved. Through processes such as scraping, the surface finish and purity of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire are ensured, while effectively improving the strength and mechanical properties of the aluminum-magnesium alloy. The process is simple and highly practical. The cost of preparing aluminum alloy welding wire is reduced, production efficiency is improved, and raw material consumption is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of aluminum alloy welding wire provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] like Figure 1 The flowchart of the preparation method of the aluminum alloy welding wire provided by the present invention is shown below, and its details are as follows:

[0027] Step S1: Weigh out magnesium, aluminum ingots, aluminum-manganese master alloy, and aluminum-chromium master alloy and add them to a vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to melt into a molten alloy; weigh out appropriate amounts of the raw materials magnesium, aluminum ingots, aluminum-manganese master alloy, and aluminum-chromium master alloy according to the proportions and set aside; add all the prepared raw materials to the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace for heating and melting; during the melting process, continuously stir the mixture in the furnace using a stirring mechanism; prepare the raw materials aluminum ingots and aluminum master alloys according to the following mass percentages: Al-20%Mg, Al-20%Cr, Al-80%Mn; when the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace is gradually heated to 750-850℃, add the weighed raw materials to the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to melt into a molten alloy.

[0028] Step S2 involves adding the grain-refining alloy and refining agent to a vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to refine the molten alloy. First, the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace is evacuated using a vacuum pump to remove air and create a vacuum environment, reducing oxidation of the melt. After evacuation, argon gas is injected into the furnace using a gas filling device to further isolate the melt from the air. Second, the aluminum grain-refining alloy Al5Ti1B is added to the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to refine the aluminum grains. The Al5Ti1B alloy is used to refine the grains of aluminum-magnesium alloy melt in a vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace. Then, after grain refinement, K2MgCl4 is added to the refined aluminum-magnesium alloy melt, which is then further refined and impurities are removed in the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace. After obtaining the purified aluminum-magnesium alloy melt, the degassing valve of the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace is opened for degassing. The discharged gas is then filtered to remove harmful gases before being discharged.

[0029] Step S3: The processed molten alloy is heat-treated, cast, and rolled to obtain aluminum-magnesium alloy wire rods; the refined aluminum-magnesium alloy melt after removing impurities is heat-treated; the molten aluminum-magnesium alloy melt is cast into rods through a crystallization device; the rods are fed into a continuous casting and rolling mill to be rolled into aluminum-magnesium alloy wire rods with set parameters; the continuous casting and rolling mill adopts a high compression ratio continuous casting and rolling mill.

[0030] Step S4: The aluminum alloy wire rod is annealed, drawn, scraped, finely drawn, and finely scraped to produce aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire with the required parameters. The produced aluminum-magnesium alloy wire rod is transferred to the equipment in the welding wire refining workshop, where it undergoes annealing, drawing, scraping, fine drawing, and fine scraping to produce aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire that meets the required parameter standards. The wire rod is then wound into a take-up reel.

[0031] By combining and smelting alloy materials and single metal materials, followed by continuous casting and rolling, wire processing efficiency can be improved, drawing passes can be reduced, and a high yield and efficient preparation of aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire can be achieved. Processes such as scraping ensure the surface smoothness and purity of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, while effectively improving the strength and mechanical properties of the aluminum-magnesium alloy. The process is simple and highly practical. It reduces the cost of producing aluminum alloy welding wire, increases production efficiency, and reduces raw material consumption.

[0032] Another object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, wherein the second phase Al8Mg5 in the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is ≤5μm, and the composition of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire by mass percentage includes: magnesium Mg: 4.5-5.2%, manganese Mn: 0.1-1%, chromium Cr: 0.1-0.2%, titanium Ti: 0.05-0.2%, iron Fe≤0.4%, silicon Si≤0.25%, potassium K≤0.007%, sodium Na≤0.001%, nitrogen N≤0.0009%, hydrogen H≤0.0003%, oxygen O≤0.026%, and other unspecified elements are considered as unavoidable impurity elements, with the balance being aluminum Al and other unavoidable impurity elements.

[0033] All other unspecified elements in the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire are considered unavoidable impurity elements, with a content of ≤0.05%.

[0034] The aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire has a tensile strength ≥440 MPa, a yield strength ≥280 MPa, an elongation ≥4%, a weld tensile strength ≥370 MPa, a weld elongation ≥5.5%, a weld tensile strength ≥220 MPa, and a weld resistance to intergranular corrosion ≤0.02 mm.

[0035] Other unavoidable impurities include lithium (Li), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), and lead (Pb).

[0036] Table 1 shows the parameters of aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire.

[0037]

[0038] The mechanical properties and particle size of one type of aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire of the present invention, namely ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire, were compared with those of existing ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wires randomly purchased from the market:

[0039] Group 1

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Group 2

[0043] Group 3

[0044] Technical parameters / performance indicators This project 2 existing samples in the market tensile strength 446MPa 385MPa elongation 4.6％ 3.3％ Yield strength 297MPa 177MPa <![CDATA[Second phase Al8Mg5]]> 2.85μm 8.9μm Anti-intergranular corrosion 0.018mm 0.029mm

[0045] Group 4

[0046] Technical parameters / performance indicators This project 3 existing samples in the market tensile strength 451MPa 391MPa elongation 4.5％ 3.1％ Yield strength 299MPa 183MPa <![CDATA[Second phase Al8Mg5]]> 2.61μm 7.6μm Anti-intergranular corrosion 0.015mm 0.024mm

[0047] Technical parameters / performance indicators This project 4 existing samples in the market tensile strength 448MPa 375MPa elongation 4.9％ 3.4％ Yield strength 289MPa 176MPa <![CDATA[Second phase Al8Mg5]]> 2.5μm 10.9μm Anti-intergranular corrosion 0.017mm 0.032mm

[0048] Regarding the above technical parameters

[0049] ①The higher the mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation, yield strength) of high-strength aluminum alloy welding wire, the wider the range of applicable technical fields;

[0050] ②The high degree of dispersion and uniform distribution of the second phase particles Al8Mg5 is the basic guarantee for the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy welding wire, so the smaller the better;

[0051] ③ Intergranular corrosion resistance refers to the degree of corrosion in the weld. The denser the alloy structure, the higher the strength and the stronger the corrosion resistance. Therefore, the lower the value of intergranular corrosion resistance, the better.

[0052] ④ Therefore, all of the above parameters are superior to those of this project.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire, characterized by, The second phase Al8Mg5 in the aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire is less than or equal to 5 microns, and the components of the aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire include, in terms of mass percentage, magnesium Mg: 4.5-5.2%, manganese Mn: 0.1-1%, chromium Cr: 0.1-0.2%, titanium Ti: 0.05-0.2%, iron Fe less than or equal to 0.4%, silicon Si less than or equal to 0.25%, potassium K less than or equal to 0.007%, sodium Na less than or equal to 0.001%, nitrogen N less than or equal to 0.0009%, hydrogen H less than or equal to 0.0003%, oxygen O less than or equal to 0.026%, and the rest of the unspecified elements are regarded as inevitable impurity elements, and the balance is aluminum Al; The tensile strength of the aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire is greater than or equal to 440 MPa, the yield strength is greater than or equal to 280 MPa, the elongation is greater than or equal to 4%, the tensile strength of the weld is greater than or equal to 370 MPa, and the intergranular corrosion resistance of the weld is less than or equal to 0.02 mm.

2. The aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire of claim 1, wherein, The rest of the unspecified elements in the aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire are regarded as inevitable impurity elements, and the content is less than or equal to 0.05%.

3. The aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire of claim 2, wherein, The weld elongation of the aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire is greater than or equal to 5.5%.

4. The aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire of claim 3, wherein, The inevitable impurities are lithium Li, zinc Zn, calcium Ca and lead Pb.

5. A method of producing an aluminium-magnesium alloy wire as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that The preparation method of the aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire comprises the following steps: S1, weighing the metal magnesium, aluminum ingot, aluminum manganese intermediate alloy and aluminum chromium intermediate alloy, and heating to 750-850 DEG C in a vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace to smelt into a molten alloy; S2, vacuumizing the vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace and filling with argon, adding aluminum grain refining alloy Al5Ti1B for grain refinement treatment, and adding refining agent K2MgCl4 for purification and degassing machine filtration treatment; S3, the treated molten alloy is subjected to heat treatment, large compression ratio continuous casting and rolling to obtain an aluminum magnesium alloy wire rod; S4, the aluminum magnesium alloy wire rod is subjected to annealing, drawing, scraping, fine drawing, and fine scraping to obtain an aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire with required parameters.

6. The method of making an aluminum magnesium alloy welding wire of claim 5 wherein, The vacuum multi-frequency electromagnetic induction furnace is vacuumized by using a vacuumizing device in step S2.

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