An oil detection device and method based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation

Abstract

The invention provides an oil detection device and method based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation, the device comprising: a buoy shell, a conductive pendulum, a bearing seat, a first polymer material, a second polymer material, an external wire and a signal receiving device; the pendulum hammer handle is hinged with the bearing seat, and the pendulum can swing with the bearing seat as a fulcrum; the two side surfaces of the pendulum hammer head serve as two contact electrodes; the two polymer materials are respectively arranged at two openings on the surface of the buoy shell, and the buoy shell is sealed at the same time; when the pendulum swings, the two contact electrodes are respectively in contact with the two polymer materials, and at least one polymer material can absorb oil; the external wires are respectively connected to the pendulum and the signal receiving device; the device of the invention has a simple structure and low cost, and can use marine wave energy to realize self-powered oil leakage detection; at the same time, the invention is based on liquid-solid friction, and compared with solid-solid friction, the friction contact surface is larger, the sensitivity is higher, and the response speed is faster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine oil spill detection, and more specifically, to an oil detection device and method based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation. Background Art

[0002] As the largest body of water on the earth's surface, the ocean contains rich resources, but it also faces the risk of pollution. With the continuous development of marine trade, the number of ships is also increasing, which inevitably leads to diesel leakage. Since diesel cannot be dissolved in water, it will float on the water surface to form an oil film, which seriously endangers the marine environment and the lives of organisms.

[0003] In this situation, marine environmental monitoring, especially oil spill and other pollution detection, is very important. Currently, there are limited methods for detecting marine oil spills, mainly including weight method, turbidity method, chromatography, fluorescence photometry, infrared spectrophotometry, ultraviolet spectrophotometry and other related methods; however, these technologies require additional energy and require a lot of cost.

[0004] As an emerging new energy technology, friction nanogenerators have been widely used in various fields in recent years. Due to their low cost, long service life and saving a lot of maintenance costs, they are often used in ocean energy collection and marine environmental monitoring.

[0005] An existing patent document discloses a marine oil spill treatment device using friction nano-power generation, comprising a buoy, a hydrophobic and oleophilic filter unit connecting the inside and outside of the buoy, a buffer unit and an oleophobic and hydrophilic filter unit placed in the buoy, and an energy capture unit; the hydrophobic and oleophilic filter unit is arranged on the circumference of the buoy, and based on the hydrophobic and oleophilic principle, it preliminarily filters the external marine oil spill and drains it into the inside of the buoy; the buffer unit is connected to the outlet of the hydrophobic and oleophilic filter unit to reduce the flow rate of the oil entering the buoy, so as to facilitate the stratified treatment of oil and water; the oleophobic and hydrophilic filter unit is located in the stratified water medium, and based on the oleophobic and hydrophilic principle, it performs secondary filtration on the water medium in the buoy, and discharges the filtered water out of the buoy; the energy capture unit of this scheme utilizes the friction between PTFE balls and nylon membranes to generate electricity, and the solid-solid friction contact area is limited and easy to wear, so the power generation power, power generation efficiency and service life are all low; moreover, the scheme has a complex structure and can only be used to treat leaked oil, and cannot achieve effective oil leak detection. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defect that the above-mentioned prior art cannot realize effective oil leakage detection, the present invention provides an oil detection device and method based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation, which can utilize the wave energy at sea to realize self-powered oil leakage detection.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation, comprising: a buoy shell, a pendulum, a bearing seat, a first polymer material, a second polymer material, an external wire and a signal receiving device;

[0009] The buoy shell is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the surface of the buoy shell is provided with two openings; the bearing seat is arranged on the inner surface of the buoy shell;

[0010] The pendulum is a conductor, including a hammer handle and a hammer head; the hammer handle of the pendulum is hinged to the bearing seat, and the pendulum can swing with the bearing seat as a fulcrum; the two side surfaces of the pendulum hammer head serve as a first contact electrode and a second contact electrode respectively;

[0011] The first polymer material and the second polymer material respectively cover two openings on the surface of the buoy shell and seal the buoy shell. When the pendulum swings, the first contact electrode and the second contact electrode respectively contact the first polymer material and the second polymer material. At least one of the first polymer material and the second polymer material can absorb oil.

[0012] One end of the external wire is connected to the pendulum, and the other end is connected to the signal receiving device.

[0013] Preferably, the buoy shell is made of waterproof material, and the material of the buoy shell is any one of acrylic, polyvinyl chloride and polyphenylene ether.

[0014] Preferably, the pendulum is made of any one of copper, aluminum, gold and a semiconductor material having electrical conductivity.

[0015] Preferably, the pendulum is a copper pendulum;

[0016] The first contact electrode and the second contact electrode are specifically copper foils.

[0017] Preferably, the first contact electrode and the second contact electrode are arranged asymmetrically to distinguish the electrical signals generated by the two contact electrodes.

[0018] Preferably, the first polymer material and the second polymer material are made of the same material but have different preparation processes;

[0019] The preparation process is used to change the surface microstructure of each of the polymer materials, thereby changing the hydrophobic angle.

[0020] Preferably, the first polymer material and the second polymer material are made of any one of PTFE, PE, PP, PET, PDMS and PVC.

[0021] Preferably, the first polymer material is a PTFE film prepared by electrospinning, and its microscopic surface has a fibrous structure;

[0022] The second polymer material is specifically a commercial PTFE film, and its microscopic surface is relatively flat;

[0023] The microscopic surface flatness of the commercial PTFE film is greater than that of the PTFE film prepared by electrospinning, so that the hydrophobic angle of the first polymer material is smaller than that of the second polymer material. Therefore, the PTFE film prepared by electrospinning has a stronger affinity for oil and will adsorb the oil on the surface after encountering the oil.

[0024] Preferably, an alarm unit is provided in the signal receiving device, and an alarm is issued when the oil detection device detects oil. The alarm unit can give an alarm in time to prevent further leakage of oil.

[0025] The present invention also provides an oil detection method based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation, based on the above-mentioned oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation, comprising the following steps:

[0026] When the buoy shell sways with the waves, the water surface rubs against the first polymer material and the second polymer material respectively, generating charge transfer;

[0027] The pendulum swings back and forth with the bearing seat as a fulcrum, and the first contact electrode and the second contact electrode contact and separate from the first polymer material and the second polymer material in turn, and when the contact electrode contacts the polymer material, an induced charge is induced on the contact electrode, and the induced charge is led out through an external wire and transmitted to a signal receiving device to generate an electrical signal;

[0028] When oil exists on the water surface, the oil is adsorbed by at least one of the polymer materials, and the electrical signal undergoes a mutation. The signal receiving device detects the oil detection by detecting the mutation point of the electrical signal.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention provides an oil detection device and method based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation. When the buoy shell sways with the waves, the water surface rubs against the first polymer material and the second polymer material respectively, generating charge transfer; the pendulum swings back and forth with the bearing seat as a fulcrum, and the first contact electrode and the second contact electrode contact and separate from the first polymer material and the second polymer material in turn. When the contact electrode contacts the polymer material, induced charges are induced on the contact electrode, and the induced charges are led out through an external wire and transmitted to a signal receiving device to generate an electrical signal; when there is oil on the water surface, the oil is adsorbed by at least one polymer material, and the electrical signal undergoes a sudden change. The signal receiving device detects the sudden change point of the electrical signal to achieve oil detection;

[0031] The present invention provides a novel oil leakage detection device with a simple structure, convenient preparation and low cost. The device can utilize the wave energy at sea to realize self-powered oil leakage detection. At the same time, the energy supply of the present invention is based on liquid-solid friction power generation and detection between seawater and polymer materials. Compared with solid-solid friction, the friction contact surface is larger, the sensitivity is higher, and the response speed is faster. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nanopower generation provided in Example 1. Figure 2 This is a diagram of the pendulum swing process of an oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nanopower generation provided in Example 1 when it is working.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nanopower generation provided in Example 2.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional rendering of an oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nanopower generation provided in Example 2.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the PTFE film prepared by electrospinning provided in Example 2 in the presence of oil in water.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical signal mutation generated by the oil detection device provided in Example 2 after the oil is added. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present patent;

[0038] In order to better illustrate the present embodiment, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product;

[0039] It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation, comprising: a buoy shell 1, a pendulum 2, a bearing seat 5, a first polymer material 6, a second polymer material 7, an external wire 8 and a signal receiving device 9;

[0043] The buoy shell 1 is a cylindrical structure with a hollow interior, and two openings are provided on the surface of the buoy shell 1; the bearing seat 5 is provided on the inner surface of the buoy shell 1;

[0044] The pendulum 2 is a conductor, including a hammer handle and a hammer head; the hammer handle of the pendulum 2 is hinged to the bearing seat 5, and the pendulum 2 can swing with the bearing seat 5 as a fulcrum; the two side surfaces of the hammer head of the pendulum 2 serve as the first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 respectively;

[0045] The first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 respectively cover two openings on the surface of the buoy shell 1 and seal the buoy shell 1; when the pendulum 2 swings, the first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 are in contact with the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 respectively, and at least one of the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 can absorb oil;

[0046] One end of the external wire 8 is connected to the pendulum 2 , and the other end is connected to the signal receiving device 9 .

[0047] In the specific implementation process, the oil detection device is first placed in water to be detected (such as seawater or an aqueous solution containing electrolytes), and the buoy shell 1 makes the entire device float on the water surface; at this time, the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 are in contact with the water surface at the same time;

[0048] When there are waves in the water, the buoy shell 1 sways with the waves, and at this time, the water surface contacts and rubs with the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7, respectively, to generate charge transfer; at the same time, the pendulum 2 inside the buoy shell 1 reciprocates with the bearing seat 5 as a fulcrum, and the first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 contact and separate from the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 in turn, and when the contact electrode contacts the polymer material, an induced charge is induced on the contact electrode, and the induced charge is led out through the external wire 8 and transmitted to the signal receiving device 9, generating an electrical signal;

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, during the swinging process of the pendulum 2, the contact and separation of the contact electrode and the polymer material are mainly divided into four states, namely:

[0050] 1) The first contact electrode 3 is in contact with the first polymer material 6;

[0051] 2) The first contact electrode 3 leaves the first polymer material 6, and the second contact electrode 4 does not contact the second polymer material 7;

[0052] 3) The second contact electrode 4 is in contact with the second polymer material 7;

[0053] 4) The second contact electrode 4 leaves the second polymer material 7, and the first contact electrode 3 does not contact the first polymer material 6 temporarily;

[0054] The above four states form one cycle, and accordingly, four voltage and charge peaks will be generated. By observing states 1) and 3), it can be determined whether the outside of the film is water or oil, thereby realizing the detection of oil;

[0055] When there is oil on the water surface, the oil is adsorbed by the first polymer material 6 or the second polymer material 7. At this time, the adsorbed oil is located between the water and the polymer material, and the output power of the friction power generation will be greatly reduced, so the electrical signal will mutate. Therefore, based on this principle, the signal receiving device 9 detects whether there is oil on the water surface by detecting whether the electrical signal mutates, thereby realizing oil detection.

[0056] This embodiment provides a novel oil leakage detection device with a simple structure, easy preparation, and low cost. It can utilize the wave energy at sea to achieve self-powered oil leakage detection. At the same time, the energy supply of the detection device is based on liquid-solid friction power generation and detection between seawater and polymer materials. Compared with solid-solid friction, the friction contact surface is larger, the sensitivity is higher, and the response speed is faster.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation, comprising: a buoy shell 1, a pendulum 2, a bearing seat 5, a first polymer material 6, a second polymer material 7, an external wire 8 and a signal receiving device 9;

[0059] The buoy shell 1 is a cylindrical structure with a hollow interior, and two openings are provided on the surface of the buoy shell 1; the bearing seat 5 is provided on the inner surface of the buoy shell 1;

[0060] The pendulum 2 is a conductor, including a hammer handle and a hammer head; the hammer handle of the pendulum 2 is hinged to the bearing seat 5, and the pendulum 2 can swing with the bearing seat 5 as a fulcrum; the two side surfaces of the hammer head of the pendulum 2 serve as the first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 respectively;

[0061] The first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 respectively cover two openings on the surface of the buoy shell 1 and seal the buoy shell 1. When the pendulum 2 swings, the first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 are in contact with the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 respectively. At least one of the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 can absorb oil.

[0062] Whether a polymer material can absorb oil depends on the size of its hydrophobic angle, which is mainly related to the surface microstructure of the material. Polymer materials with larger hydrophobic angles have greater affinity for oil and can absorb oil.

[0063] One end of the external wire 8 is connected to the pendulum 2, and the other end is connected to the signal receiving device 9.

[0064] The buoy shell 1 is made of waterproof material. The material of the buoy shell 1 is any one of acrylic, polyvinyl chloride and polyphenylene ether. In this embodiment, acrylic is used.

[0065] The material of the pendulum 2 is: any one of copper, aluminum, gold and a semiconductor material with conductive ability. The same material is used to ensure that the pendulum 2 has the same electric potential as a whole;

[0066] In this embodiment, the pendulum 2 is specifically a copper pendulum 2;

[0067] The first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 are specifically copper foils;

[0068] The first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 are arranged asymmetrically to distinguish the electrical signals generated by the two contact electrodes;

[0069] The first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 are made of the same material but have different preparation processes;

[0070] The preparation process is used to change the surface microstructure of each of the polymer materials, thereby changing the hydrophobic angle;

[0071] The materials of the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 are any one of PTFE, PE, PP, PET, PDMS and PVC;

[0072] In this embodiment, the first polymer material 6 is specifically a PTFE film prepared by electrospinning, and its microscopic surface has a fibrous structure;

[0073] The second polymer material 7 is specifically a commercial PTFE film, and its microscopic surface is relatively flat;

[0074] The microscopic surface flatness of the commercial PTFE film is greater than that of the PTFE film prepared by electrospinning, so that the hydrophobic angle of the first polymer material 6 is smaller than that of the second polymer material 7. Therefore, the PTFE film prepared by electrospinning has a stronger affinity for oil and will adsorb the oil on the surface after encountering the oil.

[0075] The signal receiving device 9 is provided with an alarm unit, which sends out an alarm when the oil detection device detects oil. The alarm unit can give an alarm in time to prevent further leakage of oil.

[0076] In the specific implementation process, Figure 4 In the three-dimensional rendering shown, the buoy shell 1 is a cylindrical transparent acrylic material, which is used to more conveniently observe the movement of the internal electrode; the buoy shell 1 adopts waterproof sealing measures to protect the internal conductive material and enable the oil detection device to float on the water surface and swing with the water waves;

[0077] One end of the pendulum 2 is hinged to the bearing seat 5 by a hinge, and can swing around the bearing seat 5 as a fulcrum; two groups of contact electrodes are arranged on the left and right sides of the other end of the pendulum 2, and the pendulum 2 and the two groups of contact electrodes are made of copper, so that the whole has the same electric potential;

[0078] It is worth noting that, since the pendulum 2 is an asymmetric structure, the two sets of contact electrodes are asymmetrically arranged, so in one cycle, the contact time between the electrodes and the two films is different, so that the electrical signals generated by the two films can be distinguished;

[0079] The first polymer material 6 is a polytetrafluoroethylene film (prepared film) prepared by electrospinning, and its microscopic surface has a fibrous structure; the second polymer material 7 is a commercial polytetrafluoroethylene film (commercial film), and its microscopic surface is relatively flat; due to the difference in their microscopic structures, the two have different affinities for water and oil, among which the first polymer material 6 has a larger hydrophobic angle and a stronger affinity for oil, and will adsorb the oil on the surface after encountering the oil;

[0080] One end of the external wire 8 is connected to the pendulum 2 and led out from the buoy housing 1, and the other end is connected to the signal receiving device 9; the external wire 8 is wrapped with insulation to prevent short circuit; in this embodiment, the signal receiving device 9 is an electrometer;

[0081] The buoy shell 1 sways with the waves, and at this time, the water surface contacts and rubs with the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7, respectively, to generate charge transfer; at the same time, the pendulum 2 inside the buoy shell 1 reciprocates with the bearing seat 5 as a fulcrum, and the first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 contact and separate from the first polymer material 6 and the second polymer material 7 in turn, and when the contact electrode contacts the polymer material, an induced charge is induced on the contact electrode, and the induced charge is led out through the external wire 8 and transmitted to the signal receiving device 9, generating an electrical signal;

[0082] like Figure 5 As shown, when there is oil on the water surface, the oil can penetrate into the fiber gaps of the first polymer material 6 due to its low surface tension and be adsorbed on the surface of the film; after the oil is adsorbed by the first polymer material 6, the adsorbed oil is located between the water and the first polymer material 6, and the output power of the triboelectric generation will be greatly reduced, so the electrical signal will change suddenly; at the same time, the surface of the second polymer material 7 is flat, and although it also has a certain degree of lipophilicity, it will be repeatedly washed away with the movement of waves, and the output power will not change significantly;

[0083] Therefore, based on the above principle, the signal receiving device 9 detects whether there is oil on the water surface by detecting whether the electrical signal has a sudden change, thereby realizing oil detection;

[0084] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 The figure is a graph showing the change of the charge signal generated by the device after adding oil (such as diesel) to water. It can be seen that after adding oil to water, the charge signal changes significantly due to the adsorption of oil on the surface of the first polymer material 6, so it can be determined that there is oil in the water;

[0085] This embodiment provides a novel oil leakage detection device with a simple structure, easy preparation, and low cost. It can utilize the wave energy at sea to achieve self-powered oil leakage detection. At the same time, the energy supply of the detection device is based on liquid-solid friction power generation and detection between seawater and polymer materials. Compared with solid-solid friction, the friction contact surface is larger, the sensitivity is higher, and the response speed is faster.

[0086] The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components;

[0087] The terms used in the drawings to describe positional relationships are only used for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent;

[0088] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation, characterized in that: include: A buoy shell, a pendulum, a bearing seat, a first polymer material, a second polymer material, an external wire and a signal receiving device; The buoy shell is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the surface of the buoy shell is provided with two openings; the bearing seat is arranged on the inner surface of the buoy shell; The pendulum is a conductor, including a hammer handle and a hammer head; the hammer handle of the pendulum is hinged to the bearing seat, and the pendulum can swing with the bearing seat as a fulcrum; the two side surfaces of the pendulum hammer head serve as a first contact electrode and a second contact electrode respectively; The first polymer material and the second polymer material respectively cover two openings on the surface of the buoy shell and seal the buoy shell; when the pendulum swings, the first contact electrode and the second contact electrode respectively contact the first polymer material and the second polymer material, and at least one of the first polymer material and the second polymer material can absorb oil; One end of the external wire is connected to the pendulum, and the other end is connected to the signal receiving device.

2. The oil detection device based on pendulum friction nano-power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The buoy shell is made of waterproof material, and the material of the buoy shell is any one of acrylic, polyvinyl chloride and polyphenylene ether.

3. The oil detection device based on pendulum friction nano-power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pendulum is made of any one of copper, aluminum, gold and a semiconductor material having conductivity.

4. The oil detection device based on pendulum friction nano-power generation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pendulum is specifically a copper pendulum; The first contact electrode and the second contact electrode are specifically copper foils.

5. The oil detection device based on pendulum friction nano-power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first contact electrode and the second contact electrode are arranged asymmetrically to distinguish the electrical signals generated by the two contact electrodes.

6. The oil detection device based on pendulum friction nano-power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first polymer material and the second polymer material are made of the same material but have different preparation processes; The preparation process is used to change the surface microstructure of each of the polymer materials, thereby changing the hydrophobic angle.

7. The oil detection device based on pendulum friction nano-power generation according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The first polymer material and the second polymer material are made of any one of PTFE, PE, PP, PET, PDMS and PVC.

8. The oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The first polymer material is specifically a PTFE film prepared by electrospinning; The second polymer material is specifically a commercial PTFE film; The microscopic surface flatness of the commercial PTFE film is greater than that of the PTFE film prepared by electrospinning, so that the hydrophobic angle of the first polymer material is smaller than that of the second polymer material.

9. The oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal receiving device is provided with an alarm unit, which issues an alarm when the oil detection device detects oil.

10. An oil detection method based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation, based on an oil detection device based on pendulum-type friction nano-power generation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the buoy shell sways with the waves, the water surface rubs against the first polymer material and the second polymer material respectively, generating charge transfer; The pendulum swings back and forth with the bearing seat as a fulcrum, and the first contact electrode and the second contact electrode contact and separate from the first polymer material and the second polymer material in turn, and when the contact electrode contacts the polymer material, an induced charge is induced on the contact electrode, and the induced charge is led out through an external wire and transmitted to a signal receiving device to generate an electrical signal; When oil exists on the water surface, the oil is adsorbed by at least one of the polymer materials, and the electrical signal undergoes a mutation. The signal receiving device detects the oil detection by detecting the mutation point of the electrical signal.

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