Photovoltaic storage and hydrogen sharing system and photovoltaic storage and sharing device

Abstract

The present application provides a photovoltaic storage and hydrogen sharing system and photovoltaic storage and sharing device, in which photovoltaic panels are installed on or next to the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank, and the photovoltaic panels and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank constitute a photovoltaic storage and sharing device with complementary functions and integration; when there is sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic panels supply power to the hydrogen generator to produce hydrogen, and the hydrogen is stored in the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank; when there is no sunlight, the hydrogen fuel cell receives hydrogen to generate electricity. The present application reduces the energy storage cost of the entire life cycle, opens up a new low-cost technical path for photovoltaic power generation to replace thermal power, and provides a possibility for hydrogen to replace biogas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation and its energy storage technology, and specifically relates to a photovoltaic storage and hydrogen energy sharing system and a photovoltaic storage and sharing device. Background Art

[0002] As a clean energy technology, the cost of photovoltaic power generation has dropped significantly in recent years. It is reported that the cost of some photovoltaic power stations has dropped to RMB 0.10 per kilowatt-hour over their entire life cycle. Although the cost of photovoltaic power generation is already very low, the cost of energy storage remains high, which has become the main obstacle to large-scale replacement of traditional thermal power.

[0003] The development of energy storage technology has undergone decades of evolution, and currently has formed a variety of forms including battery energy storage, pumped energy storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, hydrogen energy storage, etc. Each energy storage technology has its own unique characteristics in terms of energy storage, release speed, capacity and application scenarios. Battery energy storage has a high energy conversion efficiency (usually between 85% and 95%), flexible application and rapid response, and is suitable for short-term and high-frequency energy storage needs. At present, the most mature electrochemical energy storage technology is lithium iron phosphate battery technology, but its cost is still high. The latest report shows that the full life cycle cost is RMB 0.62 / kWh, and it faces uncertainties in the supply chain of raw materials (such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel) and environmental impacts. Moreover, the cost of battery energy storage is high, the life span is limited, and the environmental protection treatment of waste batteries has not been fully resolved. Pumped energy storage technology is mature, has high economic efficiency, can provide large-scale, long-term energy storage solutions, and is suitable for peak and frequency regulation of power systems. The latest report shows that it is RMB 0.21 / kWh, but its initial construction investment is large, the site selection requirements are high, and its applicability is limited. However, its energy conversion efficiency is slightly low (between 70% and 85%), and it has high requirements for geographical conditions and huge initial investment. Compressed air energy storage has the potential for large-scale long-term energy storage, but its energy conversion efficiency is relatively low (between 40% and 70%), the system is complex and depends on geological conditions. Although advanced technology has improved efficiency, the overall economic efficiency still needs to be improved. Flywheel energy storage is known for its high power density, long life and fast response, and is suitable for short-term energy storage and high-frequency regulation. However, its low energy density and high manufacturing cost limit its application in large-scale energy storage. Hydrogen production by water electrolysis and hydrogen storage can achieve ultra-long-term energy storage, which is particularly suitable for combination with renewable energy. However, its energy conversion efficiency is low (less than 50%), the cost of hydrogen production is high, and hydrogen storage and transportation face challenges. As the most mature and commonly used hydrogen storage method, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology has the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, easy dehydrogenation and wide working conditions. However, when analyzing its cost structure and energy consumption characteristics in depth, some reasons for high energy consumption and high cost can be found. Hydrogen storage containers: High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage requires the use of hydrogen storage tanks with strong pressure-bearing capacity, especially as the pressure increases (such as from 35MPa to 70MPa), the material and technical requirements for hydrogen storage bottles are higher, which in turn increases the equipment investment cost. In addition, different types of hydrogen storage bottles (such as Type III bottles and Type IV bottles) also differ in cost and performance. Although Type IV bottles have higher hydrogen storage density and lightweight advantages, their research and development and production costs are also relatively high. Operating costs: In terms of energy consumption, although the energy consumption of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is relatively low, a certain amount of electrical energy or mechanical energy is still required in the process of compressing hydrogen. In terms of maintenance costs, hydrogen storage containers and transportation equipment require regular maintenance and inspection to ensure their safety and stability, which also increases operating costs. Depreciation and depreciation costs: Hydrogen storage containers and transportation equipment will gradually wear and age during use, and depreciation expenses need to be accrued.These expenses will accumulate over time, further increasing the overall cost.

[0004] In-depth analysis and research show that the reason for high energy consumption and high costs is the high pressure requirements. Increasing the hydrogen storage pressure can increase the hydrogen storage density, but at the same time, the material and technical requirements of the hydrogen storage container are also higher, resulting in increased equipment investment costs. As a flammable and explosive gas, hydrogen needs to strictly comply with safety regulations and regulatory requirements during its storage process. This also increases the investment costs of enterprises in safety facilities and supervision.

[0005] “A hydrogen energy comprehensive utilization system based on renewable energy (CN221575183U)” discloses a hydrogen energy comprehensive utilization system based on renewable energy, including a photovoltaic power generation module, a hydrogen production system connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, and an energy storage system connected to the hydrogen production system. When the power generation system generates more electricity, the hydrogen production system uses the excess electricity of the power generation system to generate hydrogen and stores it in the energy storage system. When the power generation system generates less electricity, the hydrogen in the energy storage system is used to generate electricity. Hydrogen energy is used as a key energy storage carrier, which solves the volatility problem of renewable energy and realizes the stable and safe consumption of renewable energy. “A photovoltaic storage and power supply device for hydrogen storage (CN221553213U)” includes a photovoltaic storage box, the outer surface of which is fixedly connected to a support frame, the upper surface of which is provided with a photovoltaic panel, one side of which is fixedly connected to a fixed cylinder, one side of which is provided with a power mechanism, and the outer surface of which is provided with a heat dissipation cylinder.

[0006] In summary, although high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology has many advantages, it faces problems such as high energy consumption in the compression process, large investment in high-pressure hydrogen storage tank equipment, and high maintenance costs in actual applications. Due to the intermittent and unpredictable nature of solar energy, photovoltaic power generation requires a supporting efficient and low-cost energy storage system to ensure the continuity and stability of power supply. Therefore, reducing energy storage costs and reducing investment in energy storage systems have become the only technical way for photovoltaic power generation to replace thermal power in the energy structure. Summary of the invention

[0007] One of the purposes of this application is to provide a photovoltaic storage and hydrogen sharing system to reduce the energy storage cost per kilowatt-hour over the entire life cycle, and to open up a new low-cost technical path for photovoltaic power generation to replace thermal power.

[0008] The second purpose of this application is to provide a photovoltaic storage and sharing device to reduce the energy storage cost per kilowatt-hour over the entire life cycle, open up a new low-cost technical path for photovoltaic power generation to replace thermal power, and provide a possibility for hydrogen to replace biogas.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present application provides a solar energy storage and hydrogen sharing system as follows.

[0010] The present application provides a photovoltaic storage and hydrogen sharing system, which includes a photovoltaic panel, a hydrogen generator, and a hydrogen tank, and is characterized in that:

[0011] ① The photovoltaic panels are installed on the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank (below it). The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is used to support (fix) the photovoltaic panels (instead of the photovoltaic bracket of the current ground power station). The photovoltaic panels are used to cover the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank (to prevent sun exposure and forest rain). The photovoltaic panels and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank constitute a photovoltaic storage device with complementary functions and integration - a photovoltaic storage and sharing device;

[0012] Alternatively, the photovoltaic panels are installed next to (including above) the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank, and the photovoltaic panels and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank constitute a photovoltaic storage and land sharing device with complementary functions and sharing the same land - a photovoltaic storage and land sharing device;

[0013] ② There is a certain safety distance between adjacent solar-powered storage and sharing devices (between units), and many solar-powered storage and sharing devices are clustered (i.e. collectively installed) on the same land area;

[0014] ③The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is connected to the hydrogen generator via the hydrogen pipe;

[0015] ④ When there is sufficient sunlight or surplus electricity, the photovoltaic panels supply power to the hydrogen generator unit to produce hydrogen. The produced hydrogen is sent to the normal pressure hydrogen tank through the hydrogen pipe and stored at normal pressure.

[0016] Preferably, the solar storage and hydrogen energy sharing system is characterized in that: the hydrogen pipe is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell unit; when there is no sunlight or insufficient sunlight, the fuel cell unit receives hydrogen from the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank via the hydrogen pipe to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is supplied to users or connected to the power grid, thereby releasing the stored energy.

[0017] Preferably, the solar energy storage and hydrogen sharing system is characterized in that the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank includes a rigid outer shell (i.e., a protective layer / body such as an outer cover, an outer wall, a protective cover, a protective wall, etc.) and a flexible inner tube (i.e., a flexible container such as an air bag, an air bag, etc.); hydrogen is stored in the flexible inner tube. The rigid outer shell is used here to protect the flexible inner tube, prevent fire and prevent birds and animals, flying sand and rocks, humans, animals and mice from accidentally damaging the flexible inner tube, causing hydrogen leakage or damage.

[0018] Preferably, the solar storage and hydrogen sharing energy system is characterized in that: a dust filter and pressure relief pore (commonly known as a ventilation vent) connected to the outside is opened on the rigid outer shell, and the flexible inner tube expands to store hydrogen during the process of hydrogen being fed into the normal-pressure hydrogen tank, and the gas (preferably air) between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell is squeezed and discharged through the dust filter and pressure relief pore to maintain the balance between the air pressure inside the tire and the atmospheric pressure; the flexible inner tube contracts (naturally collapses) during the process of hydrogen being fed out of the normal-pressure hydrogen tank, and the space between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell absorbs gas (preferably air) from the dust filter and pressure relief pore to maintain the balance between the air pressure inside the tire and the atmospheric pressure.

[0019] Preferably, the solar energy storage and hydrogen sharing system is characterized in that the safe working pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is ≤0.28 MPa. In other words, the present application regards the safe working pressure less than 0.28 MPa that will not cause the flexible inner tube to burst as atmospheric pressure. That is, the atmospheric pressure described in the present application includes a pressure ≤0.28 MPa.

[0020] Preferably, the photo-storage and shared hydrogen energy system is characterized in that: the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is 0.25-4.25 meters, and the length × width of a single atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is ≤ the length × width of a single photo-storage shared device. According to the average efficiency of existing photovoltaic panels of 25%, and according to the local peak sunshine hours, each square meter of photovoltaic panels can generate a maximum of 1.5 kWh of electricity per day. According to the existing technical level of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, 1.5 kWh can produce 0.5 standard cubic meters of hydrogen. In other words, one square meter of photovoltaic panels can only produce half a standard cubic meter of hydrogen with the electricity generated in one day. Based on this calculation, the length × width of a single photo-storage shared device is used to design and manufacture an atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank, and its height is set to 0.25-4.25 meters, so that 1-10 days of hydrogen can be stored.

[0021] Preferably, the solar energy storage and hydrogen sharing system is characterized in that the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is fully or half buried underground. In this way, the hydrogen in the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank can be introduced into the kitchen, so that users can cook with open flames and boil water for bathing just like using biogas.

[0022] Also preferably, the solar storage and hydrogen energy sharing system is characterized in that: a hydrogen sensor is installed between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell; or, a hydrogen sensor is installed at the dust filter pressure release vent to monitor in real time whether the flexible inner tube is leaking.

[0023] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present application provides a photo-storage and sharing device as follows.

[0024] A photovoltaic and storage sharing device, comprising a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that: the photovoltaic panel is mounted on a normal-pressure hydrogen tank (below it), the normal-pressure hydrogen tank is used to support (fix) the photovoltaic panel (instead of the photovoltaic bracket of the current ground power station), the photovoltaic panel is used to cover the normal-pressure hydrogen tank, and the photovoltaic panel and the normal-pressure hydrogen tank constitute a photovoltaic and storage sharing device with complementary functions and integration - the photovoltaic and storage sharing device;

[0025] Alternatively, photovoltaic panels are installed next to (including above) the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank, and the photovoltaic panels and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank constitute a photovoltaic and storage sharing device with complementary functions and sharing the same land - a photovoltaic and storage sharing device.

[0026] Preferably, the light storage and sharing device is characterized in that: the normal pressure hydrogen tank includes a rigid outer shell and a flexible inner tube, the flexible inner tube is used to store normal pressure hydrogen; the rigid outer shell is provided with a dust filter pressure relief air hole (commonly known as a ventilation air hole) connected to the outside world, the flexible inner tube expands and stores hydrogen during the process of hydrogen being fed into the normal pressure hydrogen tank, and the gas (preferably air) between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell is squeezed and discharged through the dust filter pressure relief air hole to maintain the balance between the tire pressure and the atmospheric pressure; the flexible inner tube shrinks during the process of hydrogen being fed out of the normal pressure hydrogen tank, and the space between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell inhales gas (preferably air) from the dust filter pressure relief air hole to maintain the balance between the tire pressure and the atmospheric pressure. The dust filter pressure relief air hole is also used to discharge leaked hydrogen in time to prevent safety accidents.

[0027] Preferably, the solar energy storage and sharing device is characterized in that the safe working pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is ≤ 0.28 MPa. In other words, the present application regards the safe working pressure less than 0.28 MPa that will not cause the flexible inner tube to burst as the atmospheric pressure state.

[0028] Preferably, a hydrogen sensor is installed between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell; or, a hydrogen sensor is installed at the dust filter pressure relief vent to monitor in real time whether the flexible inner tube is leaking.

[0029] Preferably, the photo-storage and sharing device is characterized in that: the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is 0.25-4.25 meters, and the length × width of a single atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is ≤ the length × width of a single photo-storage sharing device. According to the average efficiency of existing photovoltaic panels of 25%, and according to the local peak sunshine hours, each square meter of photovoltaic panels can generate a maximum of 1.5 kWh of electricity per day. According to the existing technical level of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, 1.5 kWh can produce 0.5 standard cubic meters of hydrogen. It can be seen that it is sufficient to design and manufacture the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank using the length × width of a single photo-storage sharing device and set its height to 0.25-4.25 meters.

[0030] Preferably, the solar-storage-sharing device is characterized in that the atmospheric-pressure hydrogen tank is fully or half-buried underground. In this way, the hydrogen in the atmospheric-pressure hydrogen tank can be introduced into the kitchen, allowing the user to cook with an open flame like using biogas.

[0031] Also preferably, the photo-storage and sharing device is characterized in that: a hydrogen sensor is installed between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell; or, a hydrogen sensor is installed at the dust filter pressure release vent to monitor in real time whether the flexible inner tube is leaking.

[0032] It should be noted that the photovoltaic and energy storage sharing device described in this application includes two types: photovoltaic and energy storage sharing device and photovoltaic and energy storage sharing device. The photovoltaic and energy storage sharing device is a general term for the photovoltaic and energy storage sharing device and the photovoltaic and energy storage sharing device. The term "photovoltaic and energy storage sharing" is borrowed from the idiom "sharing honor and disgrace" to express the close integration and complementary relationship between photovoltaic power generation and energy storage. The photovoltaic and energy storage sharing device is a higher-level concept of the photovoltaic and energy storage sharing device and the photovoltaic and energy storage sharing device.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects.

[0034] First, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank combines the functions of the existing ground power station photovoltaic support, and the photovoltaic panel also serves as a canopy to protect against wind and rain and sun exposure, achieving dual uses in one and complementary functions, saving the cost of support materials and piling and installation, and reducing the overall cost of photovoltaic power generation and hydrogen storage.

[0035] Second, shared land resources. The land and space under the existing photovoltaic panels, as well as the vacant land near the photovoltaic panels, were originally idle land and space resources. This application will use them to store normal-pressure hydrogen tanks, turning waste into treasure without paying additional land rent or occupying additional land resources.

[0036] Third, it is safe and has no hidden dangers. The photovoltaic storage and sharing device can be installed in the wilderness, desert, and Gobi, far away from human habitation, just like the current centralized photovoltaic cell assembly array. Even if an accidental explosion occurs, it will not endanger people. Moreover, there is a certain safe distance between adjacent photovoltaic storage and sharing devices. Even if a normal pressure hydrogen tank leaks hydrogen, the hydrogen will quickly diffuse into the air and will not cause an explosion.

[0037] Fourth, the energy storage cost per kilowatt-hour over the entire life cycle is expected to be greatly reduced, especially with the continuous development of hydrogen fuel cell technology, the energy storage cost is expected to be further reduced.

[0038] Fifth, to replace biogas, for rural users, distributed photovoltaic storage and sharing devices can be established, so that users can not only obtain photovoltaic electricity, but also introduce hydrogen in normal pressure hydrogen tanks into the kitchen and use it for making fire and cooking like using biogas.

[0039] Sixth, the energy conversion efficiency is greatly improved. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage consumes 10-15% of electrical energy in the process of compressing hydrogen, while this application is for atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage, which does not require hydrogen compression. Therefore, the energy conversion efficiency can be increased by 10-15%, thereby increasing the energy conversion efficiency of the current water electrolysis hydrogen production technology from 50% to 65%. This efficiency improvement greatly reduces the energy storage electricity cost throughout the life cycle, and the economic value is very considerable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of a light storage and sharing device of the present application (Example 1).

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a solar energy storage and hydrogen sharing system of the present application (Example 1).

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of another optical storage and sharing device of the present application (Example 2).

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a Zhongguang storage and sharing device.

[0044] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the flexible inner tube in the Zhongguang storage and sharing device.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a semi-buried optical storage and sharing device.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of an upright cylindrical atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank in the present application (Example 3).

[0047] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the flexible inner tube in the medium-pressure hydrogen tank.

[0048] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of an upright cylindrical light storage and sharing device in the present application (Example 3).

[0049] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the solar storage and sharing devices being grouped together on the same area of ​​land at a certain safe distance.

[0050] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of a (cement pool type) solar storage and sharing device of the present application (Example 4).

[0051] Fig.12 for Fig.11Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a (cement pool type) solar storage and sharing device.

[0052] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the current centralized photovoltaic cell array that is located in deserts and Gobi far away from human habitation.

[0053] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic storage device in which a photovoltaic panel is installed next to a normal-pressure hydrogen tank in the present application (Example 5).

[0054] Explanation of the accompanying numbers: 1-photovoltaic panels, 2-normal pressure hydrogen tank, 201-rigid outer shell, 202-flexible inner tube, 3-hydrogen pipe, 4-water electrolysis hydrogen generator, 5-hydrogen fuel cell, 6-dust filter pressure release vent, 7-hydrogen, 8-earth, 9-concrete foundation, 10-photovoltaic storage and sharing device, 11-hydrogen sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by this application easy to understand, this application is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0056] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "inner", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0057] It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "group living", "arrangement", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] Embodiment 1.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, a photovoltaic storage and hydrogen sharing system includes a photovoltaic panel 1, a water electrolysis hydrogen generator 4 unit, and a hydrogen fuel cell 6 unit; the photovoltaic panel 1 is installed on the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 (below it) to protect the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 from wind and rain, and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is used to support (fix) the photovoltaic panel 1 (instead of the photovoltaic bracket of the current ground power station), and the photovoltaic panel 1 and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 constitute a kind of photovoltaic storage and sharing device 10 with complementary functions and integration, that is, a photovoltaic storage sharing device 10 (unit). Many photovoltaic storage sharing devices 10 (units) are spaced at a certain safe distance (for example, 1-5 meters) and live in groups on the ground 8. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen generator 4 unit and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 unit via the hydrogen pipe 3. In this way, when there is sufficient sunlight or the photovoltaic electricity is not used up, the photovoltaic panel 3 can supply power to the water electrolysis hydrogen generator 4 unit to produce hydrogen 7, and the produced hydrogen 7 is sent to the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 via the hydrogen pipe 3 and stored in the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 at normal pressure; when there is no sunlight, the hydrogen fuel cell 5 unit receives the hydrogen 7 from the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 1 via the hydrogen pipe 3 to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is supplied to users or connected to the power grid, thereby releasing the stored energy.

[0060] Preferably, the safe working pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is set to be less than 0.28 MPa. That is, the atmospheric pressure described in this application includes a pressure of ≤ 0.28 MPa. In other words, this application regards the safe working pressure less than 0.28 MPa that will not cause the flexible inner tube 202 to burst as atmospheric pressure.

[0061] Preferably, the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is 0.25-4.25 meters, and the length × width of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is ≤ the length × width of all photovoltaic panels 1 in the light storage unit 10 (unit). Studies have found that according to the average efficiency of the existing photovoltaic panels 1 of 25%, according to the local peak sunshine hours, each square meter of photovoltaic panels 1 can generate up to 1.5 kWh of electricity per day. According to the existing technical level of electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, 1.5 kWh can produce 0.5 standard cubic meters of hydrogen 7. Based on this calculation, the length and width of all photovoltaic panels 1 are used as the length and width of the light storage unit 10 (unit) to design and manufacture the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2, and the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is set to 0.25-4.25 meters.

[0062] Embodiment 2.

[0063] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, referring to the above example, the normal pressure hydrogen tank 2 is configured as a rigid outer shell 201 (i.e., a protective layer / body such as an outer cover, an outer wall, a protective cover, a protective wall, etc.) and a flexible inner tube 202 (i.e., a flexible container such as an air bag, an air bag, etc.); the hydrogen 7 is stored in the flexible inner tube 202. It is preferable to open a dust filter pressure relief air hole 6 (commonly known as a ventilation air vent) on the rigid outer shell 201 that is connected to the outside and is equipped with an air filter. During the process of hydrogen 7 being fed into the normal pressure hydrogen tank 2, the flexible inner tube 202 expands and stores hydrogen 7, and the gas (preferably air) between the flexible inner tube 202 and the rigid outer shell 201 is squeezed out through the dust filter pressure relief air hole 6 to maintain the balance between the tire pressure and the atmospheric pressure; during the process of hydrogen 7 being fed out of the normal pressure hydrogen tank 2, the flexible inner tube 202 contracts, and the space between the flexible inner tube 202 and the rigid outer shell 201 inhales gas (preferably air) from the dust filter pressure relief air hole 6 to maintain the balance between the tire pressure and the atmospheric pressure.

[0064] Preferably, a hydrogen sensor 11 is installed between the flexible inner tube 202 and the rigid outer shell 201, or a hydrogen sensor 11 is installed at the dust filter pressure relief vent 6 to monitor in real time whether the flexible inner tube 202 is leaking.

[0065] Preferably, the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is 0.25-4.25 meters, and the length × width of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is ≤ the length × width of all photovoltaic panels 1 in the light storage unit 10 (unit). Studies have found that according to the average efficiency of the existing photovoltaic panels 1 of 25%, according to the local peak sunshine hours, each square meter of photovoltaic panels 1 can generate up to 1.5 kWh of electricity per day. According to the existing technical level of electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, 1.5 kWh can produce 0.5 standard cubic meters of hydrogen 7. Based on this calculation, the length and width of all photovoltaic panels 1 are used as the length and width of the light storage unit 10 (unit) to design and manufacture the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2, and the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is set to 0.25-4.25 meters.

[0066] Preferably, if Figure 6 As shown, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 1 is completely or half buried in the ground, and a hydrogen sensor 11 is installed at the dust filter pressure release hole 6 (commonly known as the ventilation air hole) above the flexible inner tube 202 to monitor in real time whether the flexible inner tube 202 is leaking. In this way, the hydrogen 7 in the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 can be introduced into the kitchen, allowing users to cook with open flames like using biogas.

[0067] In this example, if the rigid shell 201 of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 adopts a plastic box (or a fiberglass box) of 1 meter wide × 12 meters long × 1 meter high, the purchase cost of the plastic box is only 960 yuan / piece, and if the flexible inner tube 202 adopts a biogas airbag of corresponding volume, the purchase cost of the flexible inner tube 202 is only 600 yuan / piece. Correspondingly, it can support the installation of a 2.3 meter × 12 meter 8-kilowatt photovoltaic panel 1. According to the current price, it is necessary to use a bracket of 2550 yuan and its installation and construction fee, while the purchase cost of the plastic box and airbag is only 960 yuan + 600 yuan = 1550 yuan, and the installation fee is extremely low, and almost no installation is required. It can be seen that using the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 in this application instead of the current photovoltaic bracket can save 2550 yuan-1550 yuan = 1000 yuan, saving 39% of the bracket and installation costs. And it is equivalent to getting a hydrogen storage tank for free.

[0068] Embodiment three.

[0069] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, referring to the above example 2, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is configured as a rigid housing 201 (e.g. Figure 7 upright cylindrical type as shown) and a flexible inner tube 202 (e.g. Figure 8 A plurality of solar energy storage and sharing devices 10, that is, solar energy storage sharing devices 10 (units), are spaced at a certain safe distance and live together on the ground 8 (for example Figure 9-10 Installation method shown).

[0070] The hydrogen 7 is stored in the flexible inner tube 202. The rigid outer shell 201 is preferably provided with a dust filter pressure relief air hole 6 (commonly known as a ventilation air hole) connected to the outside. When the hydrogen 7 is fed into the normal pressure hydrogen tank 2, the flexible inner tube 202 expands to store the hydrogen 7, and the gas (preferably air) between the flexible inner tube 202 and the rigid outer shell 201 is squeezed and discharged through the dust filter pressure relief air hole 6 to maintain the balance between the tire pressure and the atmospheric pressure; when the hydrogen 7 is fed out of the normal pressure hydrogen tank 2, the flexible inner tube 202 contracts, and the space between the flexible inner tube 202 and the rigid outer shell 201 inhales gas (preferably air) from the dust filter pressure relief air hole 6 to maintain the balance between the tire pressure and the atmospheric pressure.

[0071] Preferably, the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is 0.25-4.25 meters, and the length × width of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is ≤ the length × width of all photovoltaic panels 1 in the light storage unit 10 (unit). Studies have found that according to the average efficiency of the existing photovoltaic panels 1 of 25%, according to the local peak sunshine hours, each square meter of photovoltaic panels 1 can generate up to 1.5 kWh of electricity per day. According to the existing technical level of electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, 1.5 kWh can produce 0.5 standard cubic meters of hydrogen 7. Based on this calculation, the length and width of all photovoltaic panels 1 are used as the length and width of the light storage unit 10 (unit) to design and manufacture the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2, and the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is set to 0.25-4.25 meters.

[0072] Embodiment 4.

[0073] like Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, referring to the above embodiment, a cement pool cast on a concrete foundation 9 is used as the rigid shell 201 of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2, a flexible inner tube 202 is placed in the cement pool, a photovoltaic panel 1 is installed on the top of the cement pool to protect the flexible inner tube 202 from wind and rain, and a window is prefabricated on the upper end of the cement wall and an air filter is installed as a dust filter and pressure release vent 6, and then a hydrogen pipe 3 is pre-buried, thus forming a light storage and sharing device 10, that is, a light storage sharing device 10 (unit). Many cement pool type light storage sharing devices 10 (units) are spaced at a certain safe distance and live together on the ground 8 (see Fig.10 arrangement shown).

[0074] Embodiment five.

[0075] like Fig.14 As shown, referring to the above embodiment, the photovoltaic panel 1 is installed next to the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2, and the photovoltaic panel 1 and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 constitute a photovoltaic storage and sharing device 10 with complementary functions and sharing the same land 8, that is, a photovoltaic storage and sharing land device 10. In this embodiment, the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 does not replace the bracket to support the photovoltaic panel 1, and the sunlight above the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank 2 is wasted. It is just complementary functions and sharing the same land 8. In comparison, it is not the best embodiment, and in a certain sense, it is an inferior embodiment.

[0076] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application. The drawings are merely schematic structural diagrams and are not drawn according to the actual size ratio. They cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Equivalent changes made based on the claims of the present application still fall within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic storage and hydrogen energy system, comprising a photovoltaic panel, a hydrogen generator, and a hydrogen tank, characterized in that: ① The photovoltaic panels are installed on the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is used to support the photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panels are used to cover the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank. The photovoltaic panels and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank form a photovoltaic storage device with complementary functions and integration - a photovoltaic storage and sharing device; Alternatively, the photovoltaic panels are installed next to the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks, and the photovoltaic panels and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks form a photovoltaic storage and land sharing device with complementary functions and sharing the same land - a photovoltaic storage and land sharing device; ② There is a certain safety distance between adjacent solar-powered storage and shared devices, and many solar-powered storage and shared devices are clustered on the same land; ③ The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is connected to the hydrogen generator via a hydrogen pipe; the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank includes a rigid outer shell and a flexible inner tube; hydrogen is stored in the flexible inner tube; ④ When there is sufficient sunlight or surplus electricity, the photovoltaic panels supply power to the hydrogen generator to produce hydrogen. The produced hydrogen is sent to the normal pressure hydrogen tank through the hydrogen pipe and stored at normal pressure; ⑤ The safe working pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is ≤0.28 Mpa; or, the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is 0.25-4.25 meters, and the length × width of a single atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is ≤ the length × width of a single solar-storage co-assembly device; ⑥ A ventilation hole connected to the outside world is provided on the rigid outer shell. When hydrogen is fed into the normal-pressure hydrogen tank, the flexible inner tube expands and stores hydrogen. The gas between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell is squeezed and discharged through the ventilation hole to maintain the balance between the air pressure inside the tire and the atmospheric pressure. When hydrogen is fed out of the normal-pressure hydrogen tank, the flexible inner tube contracts. The space between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell inhales gas from the ventilation hole to maintain the balance between the air pressure inside the tire and the atmospheric pressure.

2. The solar energy storage and hydrogen sharing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydrogen pipe is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell; when there is no sunlight or insufficient sunlight, the fuel cell receives hydrogen from the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank via the hydrogen pipe to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is supplied to users or connected to the power grid, thereby releasing the stored energy.

3. The solar energy storage and hydrogen sharing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is fully or half buried underground; alternatively, a hydrogen sensor is installed between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell, or a hydrogen sensor is installed at the ventilation port to monitor in real time whether the flexible inner tube is leaking.

4. A light storage and sharing device, comprising a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that: Photovoltaic panels are installed on atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks include a rigid outer shell and a flexible inner tube. Hydrogen is stored in the flexible inner tube. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks are used to support the photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panels are used to cover the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks. The photovoltaic panels and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks constitute a photovoltaic storage co-device with complementary functions and integration - a photovoltaic storage and co-device; or, the photovoltaic panels are installed next to the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks. The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks include a rigid outer shell and a flexible inner tube. Hydrogen is stored in the flexible inner tube. The photovoltaic panels and the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tanks constitute a photovoltaic storage co-device with complementary functions and sharing the same land - a photovoltaic storage and co-device; The rigid outer shell is provided with a ventilation hole connected to the outside world. When hydrogen is fed into the normal-pressure hydrogen tank, the flexible inner tube expands and stores hydrogen. The gas between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell is squeezed and discharged through the ventilation hole to maintain the balance between the air pressure inside the tire and the atmospheric pressure. When hydrogen is fed out of the normal-pressure hydrogen tank, the flexible inner tube contracts. The space between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell inhales gas from the ventilation hole to maintain the balance between the air pressure inside the tire and the atmospheric pressure. The safe working pressure of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is ≤0.28 MPa; or, the height of the atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is 0.25-4.25 meters, and the length × width of a single atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is ≤ the length × width of a single solar-storage co-existing device.

5. The optical storage and sharing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The atmospheric pressure hydrogen tank is fully or half buried underground; alternatively, a hydrogen sensor is installed between the flexible inner tube and the rigid outer shell, or a hydrogen sensor is installed at the ventilation port to monitor in real time whether the flexible inner tube is leaking.

Images