Foam ceramic-based fireproof air duct and floor heating system thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics and its underfloor heating system, applicable to the field of air duct technology. The fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics comprises the following components by mass fraction: 5-15 parts magnesium oxide; 6-10 parts talc; 10-30 parts polystyrene; 4-6 parts sawdust; 2-4 parts emulsified oil; 2-4 parts toughening agent; 6-10 parts flame retardant; 5-15 parts foamed ceramics; 1-2 parts antioxidant; 1-2 parts crack-resistant agent; and 1-3 parts heat stabilizer. The fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics of this invention achieves extremely high temperature resistance and excellent structural integrity through the use of high-performance materials such as halogen-free flame retardants and foamed ceramics. The addition of toughening agents further improves toughness and impact resistance, ensuring the air duct remains stable under high-temperature environments, avoiding cracking and spalling, thereby extending product lifespan and enhancing reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of duct technology, and more particularly to a fireproof duct based on foamed ceramic and its underfloor heating system. Background Technology

[0002] Fire-resistant ducts are pipes that play an important role in fire safety systems in buildings. They are used for smoke exhaust and controlling airflow in a fire. These ducts usually need to meet specific fire safety standards to ensure that smoke can be effectively controlled and guided in the event of a fire, reducing the impact of smoke on personnel evacuation and fire fighting.

[0003] In a fire, fire-resistant duct systems can quickly and effectively draw smoke from the fire scene and guide it to a safe area or directly exhaust it from the room. This ability to control smoke is achieved through the precise design and dynamic airflow management within the ducts, ensuring that smoke does not spread freely within the building. By effectively controlling smoke distribution, fire-resistant ducts help maintain the visibility of escape routes, reduce the risk of suffocation and obstructed vision caused by smoke, and provide critical time for emergency evacuation. Therefore, fire-resistant ducts are essential safety facilities in commercial buildings, hospitals, schools, and high-rise residential buildings. They not only meet regulatory requirements but are also an important component in ensuring the safety of personnel.

[0004] Traditional fireproof duct materials may not perform well in high-temperature environments, are prone to deformation or damage, and may easily crack or break when subjected to impact or pressure. Traditional fireproof materials may also contain harmful substances, which can burden the environment.

[0005] No effective solutions have yet been proposed to address the problems in the relevant technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the above problems, this invention aims to propose a fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic and its underfloor heating system. The purpose is to solve the problems that traditional fireproof air duct materials may not perform well in high-temperature environments, are prone to deformation or damage, and may be prone to cracking or breaking when subjected to impact or pressure. Traditional fireproof materials may also contain harmful substances, which may burden the environment.

[0007] Therefore, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, a fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic is provided, the fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic comprising the following components by mass fraction:

[0009] 5-15 parts magnesium oxide;

[0010] 6-10 parts talcum powder;

[0011] 10-30 parts of polystyrene;

[0012] 4-6 parts sawdust;

[0013] 2-4 parts of emulsified oil;

[0014] 2-4 parts toughening agent;

[0015] 6-10 parts flame retardant;

[0016] 5-15 parts of foamed ceramic;

[0017] 1-2 parts antioxidant;

[0018] 1-2 parts of crack-resistant agent;

[0019] Heat stabilizer 1-3 parts.

[0020] Optionally, the toughening agent includes thermoplastic polyurethane and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer in a mass fraction ratio of 1:1.

[0021] Optionally, the flame retardant is a halogen-free flame retardant.

[0022] Optionally, the foamed ceramics include ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments, and clay tailings, and the preparation method of the foamed ceramics includes the following steps:

[0023] Ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments and clay tailings are ground into stone powder and an inorganic foaming agent is added.

[0024] The material is prepared and shaped using a wet process, and then heated to 1200 degrees Celsius in a reaction vessel;

[0025] Foamed ceramics are obtained by calcination.

[0026] Optionally, the calcination time is 10 hours.

[0027] Alternatively, the antioxidant may be a natural antioxidant.

[0028] Alternatively, natural antioxidants include rose essential oil and peppermint oil.

[0029] Optionally, the crack-resistant agent is natural rubber.

[0030] Optionally, the heat stabilizer includes tribasic lead sulfate and dibasic lead phosphate in a mass fraction ratio of 1:1.

[0031] According to another aspect of the invention, a floor heating system is also provided, comprising a windproof and fireproof pipe based on foamed ceramic.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic of the present invention achieves extremely high temperature resistance and excellent structural integrity by using high-performance materials such as halogen-free flame retardants and foamed ceramics. The addition of toughening agents further improves toughness and impact resistance, so that the air duct remains stable in high-temperature environments, avoiding the problems of cracking and spalling, thereby extending the product service life and enhancing reliability.

[0034] 2. The fireproof duct design in this invention takes into account environmental protection and sustainability. It adopts environmentally friendly materials such as natural rubber and natural antioxidants, as well as foamed ceramics made by recycling waste ceramics and other industrial wastes, which significantly reduces the emission of harmful substances and conforms to the trend of green building materials. These measures not only protect the environment, but also promote the recycling of resources.

[0035] 3. The optimized manufacturing process in this invention ensures the consistency of duct quality and production efficiency during production. Through detailed steps and strict control, the accuracy and economic benefits of the manufacturing process are improved. In addition, this new type of fireproof duct has strong market competitiveness due to its high performance and environmental protection characteristics. It is expected to lead a new development direction in the building materials market and meet the dual requirements of modern buildings for high performance and environmental protection standards.

[0036] 4. This invention utilizes waste ceramics and industrial waste to not only recycle potential waste but also reduce the resources and energy required to manufacture new materials. Furthermore, by using natural rubber and natural antioxidants such as rose essential oil and peppermint oil, it emphasizes a commitment to eco-friendly and renewable resources.

[0037] 5. The superior performance of the fireproof air duct in this invention makes it suitable for a variety of building environments, from commercial high-rises to residential areas, and even industrial facilities that require special fire protection measures, which helps building projects obtain green building certification. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The above-mentioned features, characteristics, and advantages of the present invention, as well as their implementation methods, will become clearer and more readily understood in conjunction with the following description of the embodiments, which are illustrated in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Schematic diagrams are shown here:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of a fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic, the fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic comprising the following components by mass fraction:

[0043] 5g of magnesium oxide;

[0044] 6g of talcum powder;

[0045] 10g of polystyrene;

[0046] Wood bran 4g;

[0047] 2g of emulsified oil;

[0048] 2g toughening agent;

[0049] 6g flame retardant;

[0050] 5g of foamed ceramic;

[0051] 1g of antioxidant;

[0052] 1g of anti-cracking agent;

[0053] Heat stabilizer 1g.

[0054] Preferably, the toughening agent comprises thermoplastic polyurethane and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer in a mass fraction ratio of 1:1.

[0055] Preferably, the flame retardant is a halogen-free flame retardant.

[0056] Preferably, the foamed ceramics include ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments, and clay tailings, and the preparation method of the foamed ceramics includes the following steps:

[0057] Ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments and clay tailings are ground into stone powder and an inorganic foaming agent is added.

[0058] The material is prepared and shaped using a wet process, and then heated to 1200 degrees Celsius in a reaction vessel;

[0059] Foamed ceramics are obtained by calcination.

[0060] Preferably, the calcination time is 10 hours.

[0061] Preferably, the antioxidant is a natural antioxidant.

[0062] Preferably, natural antioxidants include rose essential oil and peppermint oil.

[0063] Preferably, the crack-resistant agent is natural rubber.

[0064] Preferably, the heat stabilizer includes tribasic lead sulfate and dibasic lead phosphate, with a mass fraction ratio of 1:1.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] A fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic, the fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic comprising the following components by mass fraction:

[0067] 10g of magnesium oxide;

[0068] 8g of talcum powder;

[0069] 20g of polystyrene;

[0070] 5g of sawdust;

[0071] 3g of emulsified oil;

[0072] 3g toughening agent;

[0073] 8g of flame retardant;

[0074] 10g of foamed ceramic;

[0075] Antioxidant 1.5g;

[0076] 1.5g of anti-cracking agent;

[0077] 2g of heat stabilizer.

[0078] Preferably, the toughening agent comprises thermoplastic polyurethane and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer in a mass fraction ratio of 1:1.

[0079] Preferably, the flame retardant is a halogen-free flame retardant.

[0080] Preferably, the foamed ceramics include ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments, and clay tailings, and the preparation method of the foamed ceramics includes the following steps:

[0081] Ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments and clay tailings are ground into stone powder and an inorganic foaming agent is added.

[0082] The material is prepared and shaped using a wet process, and then heated to 1200 degrees Celsius in a reaction vessel;

[0083] Foamed ceramics are obtained by calcination.

[0084] Preferably, the calcination time is 10 hours.

[0085] Preferably, the antioxidant is a natural antioxidant.

[0086] Preferably, natural antioxidants include rose essential oil and peppermint oil.

[0087] Preferably, the crack-resistant agent is natural rubber.

[0088] Preferably, the heat stabilizer includes tribasic lead sulfate and dibasic lead phosphate, with a mass fraction ratio of 1:1.

[0089] Example 3

[0090] A fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic, the fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic comprising the following components by mass fraction:

[0091] 15g of magnesium oxide;

[0092] 10g of talcum powder;

[0093] 30g of polystyrene;

[0094] 6g of sawdust;

[0095] 4g of emulsified oil;

[0096] 4g toughening agent;

[0097] 10g flame retardant;

[0098] 15g of foamed ceramic;

[0099] Antioxidant 2g;

[0100] 2g of anti-cracking agent;

[0101] Heat stabilizer 3g.

[0102] Preferably, the toughening agent comprises thermoplastic polyurethane and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer in a mass fraction ratio of 1:1.

[0103] Preferably, the flame retardant is a halogen-free flame retardant.

[0104] Preferably, the foamed ceramics include ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments, and clay tailings, and the preparation method of the foamed ceramics includes the following steps:

[0105] Ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments and clay tailings are ground into stone powder and an inorganic foaming agent is added.

[0106] The material is prepared and shaped using a wet process, and then heated to 1200 degrees Celsius in a reaction vessel;

[0107] Foamed ceramics are obtained by calcination.

[0108] Preferably, the calcination time is 10 hours.

[0109] Preferably, the antioxidant is a natural antioxidant.

[0110] Preferably, natural antioxidants include rose essential oil and peppermint oil.

[0111] Preferably, the crack-resistant agent is natural rubber.

[0112] Preferably, the heat stabilizer includes tribasic lead sulfate and dibasic lead phosphate, with a mass fraction ratio of 1:1.

[0113] Comparative Example 1

[0114] A fireproof air duct, comprising the following components by mass fraction:

[0115] Magnesium oxide 5g; talc powder 6g; polystyrene 10g; sawdust 4g; heat stabilizer 1g.

[0116] Comparative Example 2

[0117] A fireproof air duct, comprising the following components by mass fraction:

[0118] Magnesium oxide 5g; talc powder 6g; polystyrene 10g; sawdust 4g; heat stabilizer 1g; flame retardant 10g.

[0119] Comparative Example 3

[0120] A fireproof air duct, comprising the following components by mass fraction:

[0121] Magnesium oxide 5g; talc powder 6g; polystyrene 10g; sawdust 4g; heat stabilizer 1g; flame retardant 10g; crack inhibitor 2g.

[0122] Table 1: Performance Test Table for Examples and Comparative Examples

[0123]

[0124] The results above demonstrate that the fireproof duct based on foamed ceramics of this invention, benefiting from the advantages of multi-material mixing, possesses characteristics such as smooth surface, strong adhesion, and structural stability, as well as excellent heat resistance and thermal stability. By using high-performance materials such as halogen-free flame retardants and foamed ceramics, the fireproof duct of this invention achieves extremely high temperature resistance and excellent structural integrity. The addition of toughening agents further improves toughness and impact resistance, ensuring the duct remains stable even at high temperatures, avoiding cracking and spalling, thereby extending product lifespan and enhancing reliability. The use of environmentally friendly materials such as natural rubber and natural antioxidants, along with foamed ceramics made from recycled waste ceramics and other industrial waste, significantly reduces the emission of harmful substances, aligning with the trend of green building materials. Utilizing waste ceramics and industrial waste not only recycles potential waste but also reduces the resources and energy required to manufacture new materials. This recycling strategy not only lowers production costs but also conforms to the trend of sustainable development. Furthermore, by using natural rubber and natural antioxidants such as rose essential oil and peppermint oil, this invention further emphasizes its commitment to eco-friendliness and renewable resources.

[0125] According to such Figure 1 As shown, a preparation process for a fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics is described, which includes the following steps:

[0126] S1. Weigh out each type of raw material according to the mass fraction;

[0127] S2. Add polystyrene, sawdust, emulsified oil and foamed ceramic to the reactor in sequence, and stir evenly with the agitator inside the reactor to obtain the main material;

[0128] S3. Add toughening agent, flame retardant, antioxidant, crack inhibitor and heat stabilizer to the main material in sequence, and continue to stir until completely mixed to obtain a paste mixture;

[0129] S4. Pour the paste mixture onto the acrylic plate on the conveyor belt, spread it evenly to the preset size, and cover the surface of the paste mixture with fiberglass cloth and non-woven cloth, spread it evenly, and move it to a ventilated place to dry.

[0130] S5. Cut the dried acrylic sheet and use angle steel to assemble and fix it to obtain the finished air duct;

[0131] S6. After mixing magnesium oxide and talc powder evenly, spray the mixture onto the surface of the finished air duct to prepare a fireproof air duct.

[0132] Halogen-free flame retardants are environmentally friendly flame retardant chemicals that do not contain halogens (such as chlorine or bromine), and therefore do not release toxic halogen compounds during combustion. These flame retardants are gaining increasing attention and widespread application due to their lower environmental and health risks. Below are some common halogen-free flame retardants.

[0133] Phosphorus-based flame retardants include ammonium tripolyphosphate (APP), which decomposes at high temperatures to produce phosphoric acid, forming a glassy protective film that isolates oxygen and heat sources.

[0134] Red phosphorus: When burned, it forms a layer of phosphate and polyphosphate, which effectively isolates oxygen and heat.

[0135] Nitrogen-based flame retardants include expanded graphite and melamine. Expanded graphite rapidly expands under heat to form a porous carbon layer, effectively isolating oxygen and heat and preventing the spread of flames.

[0136] Melamine releases nitrogen gas when it burns, reducing the oxygen concentration and thus suppressing the flame.

[0137] Inorganic flame retardants include aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, which exert an endothermic effect by releasing moisture, thereby reducing the combustion temperature of the material and suppressing the flame.

[0138] Halogen-free flame retardants are widely used in electronic and electrical products, transportation vehicles, building materials and furniture. Especially in situations where environmental and health safety requirements are high, choosing halogen-free flame retardants can not only provide effective fire protection, but also reduce environmental pollution and human health risks.

[0139] Natural antioxidants are mainly found in a variety of foods and plants. They can resist oxidative damage caused by free radicals, thereby protecting cells from damage. Here are some common natural antioxidants:

[0140] 1. Vitamin C: It is widely found in fresh fruits and vegetables, such as oranges, strawberries, tomatoes, and leafy green vegetables.

[0141] 2. Vitamin E: It is found in high amounts in nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils.

[0142] 3. Flavonoids: A class of powerful antioxidants found in tea, wine, chocolate, fruits, and vegetables.

[0143] 4. Carotene: For example, beta-carotene is widely found in carrots, pumpkins and bell peppers.

[0144] 5. Polyphenols: found in high concentrations in red wine and green tea.

[0145] 6. Rose essential oil: Contains various beneficial compounds such as geraniol, limonene, and linalool, all of which have antioxidant effects. These compounds help reduce oxidative stress and are commonly used in skincare products to promote skin health and slow down the aging process.

[0146] 7. Peppermint oil: Rich in menthol, a natural compound with powerful antioxidant properties. Menthol can help reduce inflammation caused by oxidation and is used in a variety of consumer products, including skin care products, health supplements, and food and beverages.

[0147] Natural rubber, primarily derived from the latex of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), is widely used in many industrial applications due to its excellent physical properties and biodegradability. The latex is collected by cutting small grooves in the trunk of the rubber tree. It is then mixed with acids (such as formic acid or acetic acid) to coagulate the rubber and separate out water and other non-rubber components. The coagulated rubber is flattened, dried, and sometimes smoked to enhance its weather resistance and storage stability.

[0148] Natural rubber can recover its original shape after being subjected to stress, a property that makes it particularly important in applications such as tires, elastomers, and seals. Its unique molecular structure gives it excellent tear and abrasion resistance and maintains its performance over a wide temperature range, although it may harden and become brittle at extreme low temperatures.

[0149] Tribasic lead sulfate is a highly efficient heat stabilizer, commonly used to improve the processing stability and heat resistance of PVC. It can effectively prevent decomposition and discoloration during PVC processing, extending the product's service life. Tribasic lead sulfate protects the molecular structure of PVC from damage by neutralizing the acidic products generated during polymer decomposition.

[0150] Dibasic lead phosphate is also a widely used PVC heat stabilizer. Similar to tribasic lead sulfate, it protects PVC from degradation during processing by neutralizing the released hydrochloric acid. In addition, dibasic lead phosphate also provides good initial color retention and long-term thermal stability.

[0151] Toughening agents are a class of additives used to improve the toughness and impact resistance of plastics and other polymer materials. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) are two commonly used toughening agents. They improve the flexibility and fracture resistance of materials, making them less prone to cracking when subjected to impact or stress.

[0152] Thermoplastic polyurethane is a polymer with a linear molecular structure, exhibiting excellent elasticity and abrasion resistance, combining the high elasticity of rubber with the processing ease of plastics. It retains its flexibility at low temperatures and possesses good oil and solvent resistance.

[0153] Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is a thermoplastic polymer obtained by copolymerization of acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. It has good mechanical properties, high toughness, and good dimensional stability. It can also withstand relatively low temperatures without becoming brittle.

[0154] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a floor heating system is also provided, including the installation of a windproof and fireproof system based on foamed ceramic.

[0155] In summary, by utilizing the above-mentioned technical solutions of this invention, the fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic achieves extremely high temperature resistance and excellent structural integrity through the use of high-performance materials such as halogen-free flame retardants and foamed ceramic. The addition of toughening agents further improves toughness and impact resistance, ensuring the air duct remains stable under high-temperature environments, avoiding cracking and spalling, thereby extending product lifespan and enhancing reliability. The fireproof air duct design of this invention considers environmental protection and sustainability, employing environmentally friendly materials such as natural rubber and natural antioxidants, as well as foamed ceramic made from recycled waste ceramics and other industrial waste, significantly reducing the emission of harmful substances and aligning with the trend of green building materials. These measures not only protect the environment but also promote resource recycling. The optimized preparation method of this invention... The process ensures consistent quality and high production efficiency in the production of air ducts. Through detailed steps and strict control, it improves the precision and economic benefits of the manufacturing process. In addition, this new type of fireproof air duct has strong market competitiveness due to its high performance and environmental protection characteristics, and is expected to lead a new development direction in the building materials market, meeting the dual requirements of modern buildings for high performance and environmental protection standards. This invention utilizes waste ceramics and industrial waste, which not only recycles potential waste but also reduces the resources and energy required to manufacture new materials. This recycling strategy not only reduces production costs but also conforms to the trend of sustainable development. The superior performance of the fireproof air duct in this invention makes it suitable for a variety of building environments, from commercial high-rises to residential areas, and even industrial facilities that require special fire protection measures, helping building projects obtain green building certification.

[0156] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, the embodiments are merely examples for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic, characterized in that, The fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics comprises the following components by mass fraction: 5-15 parts magnesium oxide; 6-10 parts talcum powder; 10-30 parts of polystyrene; 4-6 parts sawdust; 2-4 parts of emulsified oil; 2-4 parts toughening agent; 6-10 parts flame retardant; 5-15 parts of foamed ceramic; 1-2 parts antioxidant; 1-2 parts of crack-resistant agent; Heat stabilizer 1-3 parts; The toughening agent comprises thermoplastic polyurethane and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer in a mass fraction ratio of 1:1; The foamed ceramics include ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments, and clay tailings, and the preparation method of the foamed ceramics includes the following steps: Ceramic solid waste, river silt, ceramic fragments and clay tailings are ground into stone powder and an inorganic foaming agent is added. The material is prepared and shaped using a wet process, and then heated to 1200 degrees Celsius in a reaction vessel; Foamed ceramics are obtained by calcination.

2. The fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flame retardant is a halogen-free flame retardant.

3. A fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calcination time is 10 hours.

4. A fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant is a natural antioxidant.

5. A fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics according to claim 4, characterized in that, The natural antioxidants include rose essential oil and peppermint oil.

6. A fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crack-resistant agent is natural rubber.

7. A fireproof air duct based on foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat stabilizer comprises tribasic lead sulfate and dibasic lead phosphate in a mass fraction ratio of 1:

1.

8. A type of underfloor heating system, characterized in that, Includes a fireproof tube based on foamed ceramic as described in any of claims 1-7.

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