A tensioning device for reducing prestress loss and a method for preparing a concrete component

Abstract

A tensioning device for reducing prestress loss and a method for preparing a concrete component, comprising a component mold and a filling area formed in the component mold; a fixed tensioning plate and a fixed seat are respectively formed at both ends of the component mold, and a movable tensioning plate is provided in the component mold by spacing the inside of the component mold, and the filling area is formed between the fixed tensioning plate and the movable tensioning plate; a tensioning steel bar is provided between the fixed tensioning plate and the movable tensioning plate, and a plurality of anchors for tensioning the opposite ends of the tensioning steel bar are provided on the fixed tensioning plate and the movable tensioning plate, and a plurality of locking bolts for locking the plurality of anchors are penetrated through the fixed tensioning plate and the movable tensioning plate; compared with the prior art, the tensioning state of the movable tensioning plate and the tensioning steel bar is locked by a locked tensioning wire rod, so as to meet the pre-tensioning requirement of the tensioning steel bar, and the anchor is pre-embedded in the concrete under the action of the solidified concrete, so as to prevent the rebound of the tensioning steel bar under the action of the anchor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of concrete component tensioning, and in particular to a tensioning device for reducing prestress loss and a method for preparing a concrete component. Background Art

[0002] Prestressed concrete refers to a method of pre-stressing concrete components during the prefabrication process in order to improve their crack resistance and avoid premature cracks in them, thereby improving their performance. The method of tensioning steel bars before pouring concrete is called pre-tensioning.

[0003] The pre-tensioning method is to tension the prestressed tendons before pouring concrete, and temporarily anchor the tensioned prestressed tendons on a pedestal or steel formwork, then pour the concrete. When the concrete curing reaches no less than 75% of the design strength of the concrete to ensure sufficient bonding between the prestressed tendons and the concrete, the prestressed tendons are relaxed, and prestressed concrete is applied with the help of the bonding between the concrete and the prestressed tendons.

[0004] In the process of preparing concrete components by the pre-tensioning method, the prestressed steel bars are tensioned before concrete pouring. After the concrete has been cured to a certain extent, the prestressed steel bars need to be relaxed. Since the prestressed steel bars themselves have a certain elastic modulus, after the prestressed steel bars are relaxed, the prestressed steel bars may rebound under the action of their own elastic modulus, thereby affecting the tensioning effect of the prestressed steel bars and also affecting the end strength and durability of the concrete components.

[0005] Under the action of rebound, the ends of the prestressed steel bars will not be supported by the anchoring of the steel bars themselves, resulting in serious loss of prestress at the ends of the members within a certain range. As a result, during the use of the concrete members, it is easy to cause concrete falling off and cracks at the ends of the concrete members, affecting the durability of the concrete members during use.

[0006] Chinese patent number CN108044789A discloses a tensioning system for a prestressed concrete track slab production line and its application, which includes a support frame that can accommodate a track slab mold, a positioning frame that is parallel to the support frame and driven by a power source to move vertically, a positioning device that is adapted to the track slab mold is provided on the positioning frame, a tensioning beam on the outer side of the positioning frame reciprocates with the positioning frame toward or away from the positioning frame, a tensioning device that is adapted to a nut at the outer end of a tensioning rod connected to one end of the prestressed tendon is provided on the tensioning beam, and the tensioning device and the tensioning beam realize longitudinal linear reciprocating motion.

[0007] The tensioning system disclosed above discloses the use of a combination of a locking motor and a jack to achieve pre-tensioning construction of prestressing, but the tensioning system does not disclose a technical solution for preventing the tensioning rod from rebounding after the tensioning is completed. In actual use, the tensioning rod will inevitably rebound, affecting the actual tensioning effect of the tensioning rod. At the same time, the above-mentioned concrete component will affect the structural strength of the end of the concrete component under the action of the tensioning rod rebound, and also affect the durability of the concrete component. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention aims to overcome the defects in the above-mentioned prior art and provides a tensioning device and a method for preparing a concrete component which are convenient for tensioning and prevent rebound of tensioned steel bars and which can reduce prestress loss.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a tensioning device for reducing prestress loss, comprising a component mold and a filling area formed in the component mold; a fixed tensioning plate and a fixed seat are respectively formed at both ends of the component mold, and a movable tensioning plate is provided in the component mold by spacing the inside of the component mold, and the filling area is formed between the fixed tensioning plate and the movable tensioning plate; a tensioning steel bar is provided between the fixed tensioning plate and the movable tensioning plate, and a plurality of anchors for tensioning the opposite ends of the tensioning steel bar are provided on the fixed tensioning plate and the movable tensioning plate, and a plurality of locking bolts for locking the plurality of anchors are penetrated through the fixed tensioning plate and the movable tensioning plate; the anchor comprises a sleeve for connecting the tensioning steel bar and an anchor plate for increasing the movement damping of the anchor, and an upsetting section clamped in the sleeve is formed at the end of the tensioning steel bar; a tensioning wire rod for driving the movable tensioning plate to move is penetrated through the fixed seat, and a moving area for facilitating the movement of the movable tensioning plate is formed between the movable tensioning plate and the fixed seat.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the movable tensioning plate is provided with a plurality of connected anchors and locking bolts, and the plurality of anchors are correspondingly connected with a plurality of tensioning steel rods, and the movable tensioning plate drives the plurality of tensioning steel rods to be tensioned synchronously during movement.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the cross-sectional dimensions of the movable tensioning plate correspond to those of the filling area, and the moving area and the filling area are arranged at intervals on opposite sides of the movable tensioning plate.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a tensioning threaded hole threadedly connected to the tensioning wire rod is formed on the movable tensioning plate, and the end of the tensioning wire rod is always located in the tensioning threaded hole.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the movable tensioning plate is also formed with a plurality of locking threaded holes threadedly connected to a plurality of locking bolts, the tensioning threaded hole is formed in the middle of the movable tensioning plate, and the plurality of locking threaded holes are arranged circumferentially around the tensioning threaded hole.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the sleeve and the locking bolt are both arranged along the axial direction of the tensioned steel rod, and the anchor plate is arranged along the radial direction of the tensioned steel rod.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a hollow baffle for tightening the upset section is formed at the end of the sleeve, and an internal thread threadedly connected to the locking bolt is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and an external thread threadedly connected to the anchor plate is formed on the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a locking nut for locking the tensioning rod is installed on the tensioning rod, and the locking nut is in contact with the fixing seat.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a matching hole for passing the tensioning rod is formed on the fixing seat, and the diameter of the matching hole is larger than the diameter of the tensioning rod.

[0018] A method for preparing a concrete component, comprising a prestressed tensioning device, comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step A: preparing a component mold of a corresponding size according to the required concrete component, placing a movable tensioning plate in the component mold, and arranging a tensioning wire rod threadably connected to the movable tensioning plate on the component mold;

[0020] Step B: erecting a steel bar skeleton corresponding to the size of the concrete component in the filling area of ​​the component mold;

[0021] Step C: setting locking bolts on the fixed tensioning plate and the movable tensioning plate in the same number as the tensioning steel rods, and connecting the locking bolts with corresponding anchors;

[0022] Step D: The tensioning wire rod is driven to move by the stretching machine to adjust the position of the movable tensioning plate in the component mold. The movable tensioning plate drives all tensioning steel bars to be tensioned synchronously during the movement process;

[0023] Step E: After the tensioning steel rod is tensioned to a set position by moving the movable tensioning plate, the locking nut is tightened to lock the position of the tensioning wire rod and the movable tensioning plate;

[0024] Step F: pour concrete in the filling area and remove the locking bolts after the concrete is solidified to obtain the required concrete components.

[0025] As a preferred solution of the present invention, in step B, a tensioning steel rod having an integral structure with the steel frame is formed on the steel frame, and anchor pieces are sleeved at both ends of the tensioning steel rod. After the sleeve connection is completed, the ends of the tensioning steel rod are upset.

[0026] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the component mold is a hollow square structure or a circular structure.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the component mold is composed of two symmetrically arranged mold bases, and a locking assembly for locking the two mold bases is provided between the two mold bases.

[0028] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a ring is formed outside the component mold to facilitate the component mold to roll on the centrifuge.

[0029] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a filling port is formed on the mold base with the circular ring, and a cover plate for sealing the filling port is provided at the filling port.

[0030] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the component mold includes a mold frame and steel plates located at both ends of the mold frame, and a plurality of tensioning devices are installed in a row on the steel plates.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by setting the connected locking bolts and anchors, the connection between the tensioning steel rod and the movable tensioning plate is realized, and the tensioning effect of the tensioning steel rod is realized during the movement of the movable tensioning plate, and the tensioning state of the movable tensioning plate and the tensioning steel rod can be locked by the locked tensioning wire rod, so as to meet the pre-tensioning method requirement for the tensioning steel rod, and at the same time, under the action of the solidified concrete, the anchor is pre-embedded in the concrete, and the rebound of the tensioning steel rod is prevented under the action of the anchor;

[0032] Under the action of the anchor plate, the end of the tensioning steel rod is always positioned and tightened to ensure that the tensioning steel rod is always located at the end of the concrete member without displacement, reducing the loss of prestress, ensuring the structural strength of the end of the concrete member, and also ensuring the durability of the concrete member.

[0033] Under the action of the anchor plate with a larger cross-sectional area, the damping of the tensioned steel rod during the rebound process is greater. At the same time, the anchor plate with a corresponding surface area can be set according to the set rebound distance of the tensioned steel rod, so as to control the rebound distance of the tensioned steel rod.

[0034] At the same time, the thicker the anchor plate, the greater the deformation strength that the anchor plate can withstand. By increasing the thickness of the anchor plate, the stable anchoring of the anchor plate in the concrete member is ensured. The thickness of the anchor plate can also be adjusted according to the required tensioning force of the tensioning steel rod and the required reduction of the prestress loss of the tensioning steel rod.

[0035] According to the different connection positions of the anchor plate outside the sleeve, the damping force position of the tensioned steel rod during the rebound process and the force position of the end of the tensioned steel rod are adjusted, so as to accurately adjust the durability range of the end of the concrete component. When the damping force position of the tensioned steel rod during the rebound process is closer to the force position of the end of the tensioned steel rod, the tensioned steel rod is more stable in the concrete component, and the durability of the end of the concrete component is higher.

[0036] After the tensioning is completed, the tensioning position of the tensioning steel rod can be locked by locking the tensioning wire rod, so as to realize the locking structure of the component mold, the tensioning wire rod, the movable tensioning plate and the tensioning steel rod in the tensioned state, meet the rotation requirement of the component mold on the centrifuge, and obtain the corresponding hollow pile structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the anchor plate on the sleeve;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the forming of concrete components;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of anchoring of anchors in prefabricated components;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the component mold of the square pile;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the component mold connection of the square pile;

[0046] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the component mold of the pipe pile;

[0047] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the component mold connection of the pipe pile;

[0048] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the component mold of the box beam;

[0049] Fig.13 It is the corresponding diagram of the length of concrete member and the size of prestress;

[0050] Figure numerals: component mold 1, filling area 11, moving area 12, mold base 13, filling port 14, cover plate 15, locking assembly 16, ring 17, mold frame 18, steel plate 19, fixed tensioning plate 2, fixed base 3, matching hole 31, movable tensioning plate 4, tensioning threaded hole 41, locking threaded hole 42, tensioning steel rod 5, upsetting section 51, anchor 6, sleeve 61, anchor plate 62, external thread 63, internal thread 64, hollow baffle 65, locking bolt 7, tensioning wire rod 8, locking nut 9, concrete component 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] like Figure 1-Figure 13 As shown, a prestressed tensioning device comprises a component mold 1 and a filling area 11 formed in the component mold 1; a fixed tensioning plate 2 and a fixed seat 3 are formed at both ends of the component mold 1, and a movable tensioning plate 4 is provided in the component mold 1 by partitioning the inside of the component mold 1, and the filling area 11 is formed between the fixed tensioning plate 2 and the movable tensioning plate 4; a tensioning steel bar 5 is provided between the fixed tensioning plate 2 and the movable tensioning plate 4, and a tensioning steel bar 5 is provided on the fixed tensioning plate 2 and the movable tensioning plate 4 for tensioning the tensioning steel bar 5 relative to the two ends. A plurality of anchors 6 are provided at the ends, and a plurality of locking bolts 7 for locking the plurality of anchors 6 are passed through the fixed tensioning plate 2 and the movable tensioning plate 4; the anchor 6 comprises a sleeve 61 for connecting the tensioning steel rod 5 and an anchor plate 62 for increasing the movement damping of the anchor 6, and an upset section 51 which is clamped in the sleeve 61 is formed at the end of the tensioning steel rod 5; a tensioning wire rod 8 for driving the movable tensioning plate 4 to move is passed through the fixed seat 3, and a moving area 12 for facilitating the movement of the movable tensioning plate 4 is formed between the movable tensioning plate 4 and the fixed seat 3.

[0053] The movable tensioning plate 4 is used to divide the internal space of the component mold 1 into a mutually independent filling area 11 and a movable area 12. The filling area 11 is set according to the size of the concrete component 10 to be prepared. By changing the position of the movable tensioning plate 4 in the component mold 1, the space of the filling area 11 is adjusted to meet the preparation requirements of concrete components 10 of different sizes and lengths.

[0054] The fixed tensioning plate 2 is a fixed structure formed at the end of the component mold 1. The fixed tensioning plate 2 is always in a relatively static state during the tensioning process of the tensioning steel rod 5. Therefore, during the movement of the movable tensioning plate 4, the distance between the movable tensioning plate 4 and the fixed tensioning plate 2 is changed, thereby achieving tensioning of the tensioning steel rod 5.

[0055] The locking bolt 7, the anchor 6 and the upset section 51 of the tensioning steel rod 5 are connected in sequence, and the locking bolt 7 is fixedly connected to the movable tensioning plate 4 under the action of the thread. During the movement of the movable tensioning plate 4, the locking bolt 7, the anchor 6 and the upset section 51 of the tensioning steel rod 5 are synchronously driven to move synchronously, thereby realizing the tensioning of the tensioning steel rod 5.

[0056] The anchor plate 62 is used to increase the contact area of ​​the anchor 6 in the concrete, so that when the tensioning steel rod 5 rebounds under the action of its own resilience, the upset section 51 of the tensioning steel rod 5 synchronously pulls the anchor 6 to move, and due to the damping of the anchor plate 62 in the concrete, the rebound of the tensioning steel rod 5 is hindered, so that the tensioning steel rod 5 is always in a set tensioning state.

[0057] The larger the surface area of ​​the anchor plate 62 is, the greater the damping the tensioned steel rod 5 is subjected to during the rebound process. At the same time, the anchor plate 62 with a corresponding surface area can be set according to the set rebound distance of the tensioned steel rod 5, thereby controlling the rebound distance of the tensioned steel rod 5.

[0058] The movable tensioning plate 4 is provided with a plurality of connected anchors 6 and locking bolts 7, and a plurality of tensioning steel bars 5 are connected to the plurality of anchors 6 correspondingly. The movable tensioning plate 4 drives the plurality of tensioning steel bars 5 to be tensioned synchronously during movement.

[0059] The anchor 6 is not directly connected to the movable tensioning plate 4, but is connected to the movable tensioning plate 4 through the locking bolt 7. Therefore, after the concrete component 10 is prepared, it is only necessary to remove the locking bolt 7 to achieve the separation between the movable tensioning plate 4 and the anchor 6, that is, to achieve the separation between the movable tensioning plate 4 and the concrete component 10.

[0060] The number of anchors 6, locking bolts 7 and tensioning steel bars 5 on the movable tensioning plate 4 is consistent, and the number of anchors 6, locking bolts 7 and tensioning steel bars 5 on the movable tensioning plate 4 can be set according to actual needs. During the connection process, the cap end of the locking bolt 7 abuts against the surface of the movable tensioning plate 4, thereby realizing the locking setting of the locking bolt 7 on the movable tensioning plate 4. While the anchor 6 is threadedly connected with the locking bolt 7, the end of the anchor 6 abuts against the surface of the movable tensioning plate 4, thereby realizing the locking setting of the anchor 6 on the movable tensioning plate 4, thereby steadily driving the synchronous tensioning of several tensioning steel bars 5 during the movement of the movable tensioning plate 4.

[0061] The cross-sectional dimensions of the movable tensioning plate 4 correspond to those of the filling area 11 , and the moving area 12 and the filling area 11 are arranged at intervals on opposite sides of the movable tensioning plate 4 .

[0062] The outer wall of the movable tensioning plate 4 is in contact with the inner wall of the component mold 1, so that under the setting of the movable tensioning plate 4, the filling area 11 and the moving area 12 are separated, and when the filling area 11 is filled with concrete, the concrete is prevented from flowing into the moving area 12, thereby ensuring the molding effect of the concrete component 10.

[0063] A tensioning threaded hole 41 threadedly connected to the tensioning wire rod 8 is formed on the movable tensioning plate 4, and the end of the tensioning wire rod 8 is always located in the tensioning threaded hole 41. Under the action of the threadedly connected tensioning wire rod 8 and the movable tensioning plate 4, since the outer wall of the movable tensioning plate 4 is always in contact with the inner wall of the component mold 1, under the action of the movement of the tensioning wire rod 8, a screw slider structure is formed between the movable tensioning plate 4 and the tensioning wire rod 8, and the movable tensioning plate 4 can move along the axial direction of the tensioning wire rod 8.

[0064] The end of the tensioning rod 8 is always flush with the surface of the movable tensioning plate 4 to ensure that the end of the tensioning rod 8 does not extend into the filling area 11 , thereby ensuring the molding effect of the concrete component 10 in the filling area 11 and obtaining the desired concrete component 10 .

[0065] The movable tensioning plate 4 is also formed with a plurality of locking threaded holes 42 threadedly connected to the plurality of locking bolts 7 . The tensioning threaded hole 41 is formed in the middle of the movable tensioning plate 4 , and the plurality of locking threaded holes 42 are arranged circumferentially around the tensioning threaded hole 41 .

[0066] The number of locking threaded holes 42 is set according to actual needs. Under the action of several locking threaded holes 42 arranged circumferentially around the tensioning threaded hole 41, the locking bolts 7 are ensured to be circumferentially arranged around the tensioning wire rod 8, thereby ensuring uniform force on the movable tensioning plate 4 and realizing stable movement of the movable tensioning plate 4.

[0067] The sleeve 61 and the locking bolt 7 are both arranged along the axial direction of the tensioned steel rod 5, and the anchor plate 62 is arranged along the radial direction of the tensioned steel rod 5. The two ends of the sleeve 61 are respectively connected to the locking bolt 7 and the tensioned steel rod 5. The movement of the locking bolt 7 drives the movement of the upset section 51 of the tensioned steel rod 5, and the anchor plate 62 is used to increase the damping of the tensioned steel rod 5 under the rebound effect. The anchor plate 62 arranged along the radial direction of the tensioned steel rod 5 increases the contact area between the anchor 6 and the concrete.

[0068] A hollow baffle 65 for tightening the upset section 51 is formed at the end of the sleeve 61 , and an internal thread 64 threadedly connected to the locking bolt 7 is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve 61 , and an external thread 63 threadedly connected to the anchor plate 62 is formed on the outer wall of the sleeve 61 .

[0069] like Fig.13As shown, since the tensioning steel rod 5 is tensioned by the anchor 6 in the movable tensioning plate 4, the longitudinal direction of the graph represents the prestress of the concrete member 10, and the transverse direction of the graph represents the length direction of the pile body of the concrete member 10, and the "0" in the transverse direction in the graph represents the end of the concrete member 10. In the concrete member 10 with the anchor 6, the end of the tensioning steel rod 5 is anchored at the end of the concrete member 10 under the action of the anchor 6, so that the end of the concrete member 10 has a certain prestress. Therefore, at this time, the transverse "0" of the graph has a prestress value that meets the structural strength of the end of the concrete member 10. As the transverse value in the graph increases, at this time, corresponding to the middle of the pile body of the concrete member 10, under the action of the tensioning steel rod 5, the prestress of the pile body of the concrete member 10 tends to be stable.

[0070] In the existing concrete member 10 without the action of the anchor 6, when the tensioning steel rod 5 rebounds under the action of its own elastic force, the end of the concrete member 10 does not have prestress at the horizontal "0" in the diagram of the present application, thereby affecting the structural strength and durability of the end of the concrete member 10.

[0071] The external thread 63 can be formed on the entire outer wall of the sleeve 61. Therefore, under the action of the external thread 63, the anchor plate 62 can be rotated to any position of the sleeve 61 under the action of the thread, so that the position of the anchor plate 62 and the clamping position of the tensioning steel rod 5 and the hollow baffle 65 can be adjusted. When the damping force position of the tensioning steel rod 5 during the rebound process is closer to the force position of the end of the tensioning steel rod 5, the tensioning steel rod 5 is ensured to be more stable in the concrete component 10, and the durability of the end of the concrete component 10 is higher.

[0072] The hollow size of the hollow baffle 65 is larger than the size of the tensioning steel rod 5, and the hollow size of the hollow baffle 65 is smaller than the diameter of the upsetting section 5. After the tensioning steel rod 5 passes through the hollow baffle 65, the end of the tensioning steel rod 5 is upset, thereby achieving abutment between the upsetting section 51 and the hollow baffle 65, and achieving the movement of the hollow baffle 65 to drive the movement of the upsetting section 51.

[0073] Both the internal thread 64 and the external thread 63 are arranged along the length direction of the sleeve 61. The connection between the sleeve 61 and the locking bolt 7 is realized under the action of the internal thread 64. At the same time, due to the action of the internal thread 64, the sleeve 61 is sleeved on the locking bolt 7 to prevent the contact between the concrete and the locking bolt 7, which is convenient for the subsequent removal of the locking bolt 7. The external thread is used to realize the connection between the sleeve 61 and the anchor plate 62. Under the action of concrete, the connection strength between the sleeve 61 and the anchor plate 62 can be strengthened to ensure the damping stability provided by the anchor plate 62.

[0074] A locking nut 9 for locking the tensioning rod 8 is installed on the tensioning rod 8, and the locking nut 9 abuts against the fixed seat 3. When the locking nut 9 abuts against the fixed seat 3, the tensioning rod 8 is locked on the fixed seat 3. After the movable tensioning plate 4 moves to the set position, it means that the tensioning rod 8 completes the tensioning effect of the movable tensioning plate 4. At this time, the tensioning rod 8 is locked on the fixed seat 3 by the locking nut 9, so that the position of the movable tensioning rod 4 is locked by the locked tensioning rod 8.

[0075] A matching hole 31 for passing the tensioning rod 8 is formed on the fixed seat 3. The diameter of the matching hole 31 is larger than the diameter of the tensioning rod 8. The tensioning rod 8 does not contact the fixed seat 3. The setting of the fixed seat 3 does not affect the movement of the tensioning rod 8 during the tensioning process, and the fixed seat 3 provides a support platform for locking the tensioning rod 8.

[0076] A method for preparing a concrete component, comprising a prestressed tensioning device, comprises the following steps:

[0077] Step A: Prepare a component mold 1 of corresponding size according to the required concrete component, place a movable tensioning plate 4 in the component mold 1, and set a tensioning wire rod 8 threadedly connected to the movable tensioning plate 4 on the component mold 1.

[0078] The size of the movable tensioning plate 4 is set according to the internal size of the component mold 1 to ensure that the movable tensioning plate 4 is always in contact with all inner walls of the component mold 1 , and the tensioning screw rod 8 and the movable tensioning plate 4 form a screw slider structure in the component mold 1 .

[0079] Step B: A steel skeleton corresponding to the size of the concrete component is set up in the filling area 11 of the component mold 1, and the size of the steel skeleton is set according to the size of the actual concrete component.

[0080] During the connection process of the main reinforcement and stirrups of the steel skeleton, the tensile steel rod 5 is installed on the steel skeleton simultaneously, and the two ends of the tensioning steel rod 5 are sleeved with the anchors 6. After the sleeve connection is completed, the ends of the tensioning steel rod 5 are upset. When the entire steel skeleton is put in, the tensioning steel rod 5 is put in simultaneously. At this time, the ends of the tensioning steel rod 5 have been upset, and the anchors 6 have been sleeved on the ends of the tensioning steel rod 5.

[0081] First, the two ends of the tensioning steel rod 5 are respectively sleeved with the anchor pieces 6, and the ends of the tensioning steel rod 5 after being sleeved with the anchor pieces 6 are upset to form upset sections 51 that are engaged with the anchor pieces 6. The anchor pieces 6 sleeved on the tensioning steel rod 5 do not affect the rotation of the anchor pieces 6 on the tensioning steel rod 5.

[0082] Step C: Arrange locking bolts 7 on the fixed tensioning plate 2 and the movable tensioning plate 4 in the same number as the tensioning steel bars 5 , and connect the locking bolts 7 to the corresponding anchors 6 .

[0083] The setting position of the locking bolt 7 is set according to the required tensioning position of the concrete component. The locking bolt 7 is screwed onto the fixed tensioning plate 2 and the movable tensioning plate 4 respectively, and the cap end of the locking bolt 7 is abutted against the fixed tensioning plate 2 or the movable tensioning plate 4 to achieve the fixed setting of the locking bolt 7 on the fixed tensioning plate 2 or the movable tensioning plate 4.

[0084] The fixed connection between the anchor 6 and the locking bolt 7 is achieved by rotating the anchor 6 until the end of the anchor 6 abuts against the fixed tensioning plate 2 or the movable tensioning plate 4, thereby locking the anchor 6 on the fixed tensioning plate 2 and the movable tensioning plate 4 under the action of the thread.

[0085] At the same time, under the abutment effect of the anchor 6 and the fixed tensioning plate 2 and the movable tensioning plate 4, the anchor 6 is sleeved on the locking bolt 7 to protect the end of the locking bolt 7, prevent contact between the concrete and the locking bolt 7, and facilitate the subsequent removal of the locking bolt 7.

[0086] Step D: The tensioning wire rod 8 is driven to rotate by the stretching machine to adjust the position of the movable tensioning plate 4 in the component mold 1. The movable tensioning plate 4 synchronously drives the tensioning of all tensioning steel bars 5 during the movement. When the stretching machine drives the tensioning wire rod 8 to move, the wire rod slider moves between the tensioning wire rod 8 and the movable tensioning plate 4. The tensioning position of the movable tensioning plate 4 is adjusted by the movement of the tensioning wire rod 8.

[0087] Step E: After the tensioning steel rod 5 is tensioned to the set position by moving the movable tensioning plate 4, the locking nut 9 is tightened to lock the position of the tensioning wire rod 8 and the movable tensioning plate 4. The locking nut 9 abuts against the surface of the fixed seat 3 to achieve the locking of the tensioning wire rod 8 on the fixed seat 3, thereby achieving the locking of the tensioning position of the movable tensioning plate 4 and the locking of the tensioning steel rod 5 in the tensioned state.

[0088] Step F: pouring concrete in the filling area 11 and removing the locking bolts 7 after the concrete is solidified to obtain the required concrete component.

[0089] In the obtained concrete component 10, the anchor 6 is arranged at the end of the concrete component 10. Under the action of the anchor 6 being fixed to the end of the concrete component 10 through concrete, the end position of the tensioning steel rod 5 is positioned and tightened, ensuring that the two ends of the tensioning steel rod 5 are respectively arranged at the opposite ends of the concrete component 10, thereby ensuring the structural strength and durability of the end of the concrete component 10.

[0090] Embodiment 1: The component mold 1 is a hollow square structure, a filling port 14 for filling concrete is formed on the top of the component mold 1, a movable tensioning plate 4 is fixed in the component mold 1, and a fixed seat 3 and a fixed tensioning plate 2 are located at opposite ends of the component mold 1.

[0091] The upset tensioning steel rod 5 is installed between the fixed tensioning plate 2 and the movable tensioning plate 4, and the connection between the anchor 6 and the locking bolt 7 on the fixed tensioning plate 2 or the movable tensioning plate 4 is achieved by rotating the anchor 6, and the movable tensioning plate 4 is driven to move by the tensioning wire rod 8 to achieve tensioning of the tensioning steel rod 5. After the tensioning of the tensioning steel rod 5 is completed, the tensioning wire rod 8 is locked by the locking nut 9 to lock the tensioning position of the tensioning steel rod 5.

[0092] Concrete is filled in the filling area 11 of the component mold 1. After the concrete is solidified, the locking bolts 7 are removed, so that the anchor 6 is pre-embedded and anchored in the solidified concrete. The connection between the solidified concrete and the anchor 6 prevents the rebound of the tensioning steel rod 5, and a concrete component 10 with a solid square pile structure corresponding to the size of the component mold 1 is obtained.

[0093] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, the component mold 1 is composed of two symmetrically arranged mold bases 13, and a locking assembly 16 for locking the two mold bases 13 is provided between the two mold bases 13. The two symmetrically arranged mold bases 13 are both triangular structures, and a square structure is formed by splicing the two symmetrically arranged mold bases 13.

[0094] A support extending outward is formed on the outside of the mold base 13, and the positions of the supports on the two mold bases 13 correspond to each other. The locking assembly 16 includes connected bolts and nuts. Under the action of the bolts and nuts, the supports on the two mold bases 13 are locked, thereby achieving locking between the two mold bases 13.

[0095] A filling port 14 is formed on one of the mold bases 13. During the filling process, the filling port 14 is adjusted to the top of the integral component mold 1. The movable tensioning plate 4 is located in the filling area 11 surrounded by the two mold bases 13. Concrete is filled in the filling area 11 of the component mold 1, and a concrete component 10 of a solid square pile structure corresponding to the size of the component mold 1 is obtained.

[0096] Embodiment 3: On the basis of embodiment 2, the component mold 1 is composed of two symmetrically arranged mold bases 13, and a ring 17 is formed outside the component mold 1 to facilitate the rolling of the component mold 1 on the centrifuge. The ring 17 is fixedly connected to the two mold bases 13 by bolts, and the action of the ring 17 ensures that the two mold bases 13 are always in a closed mold state.

[0097] When concrete needs to be filled, one of the mold bases 13 can be set with its opening facing upward, and concrete can be filled in the mold base 13, and another mold base 13 can be installed to achieve mold closing of the two mold bases 13.

[0098] The component mold 1 is placed on a centrifuge, and the component mold 1 and the ring 17 are driven to rotate synchronously under the action of the centrifuge, so as to obtain a concrete component 10 of a hollow square pile structure corresponding to the size of the component mold 1.

[0099] Embodiment 4: On the basis of embodiment 2, the component mold 1 is a hollow circular structure, and the component mold 1 is composed of two symmetrically arranged mold bases 13, and a locking assembly 16 for locking the two mold bases 13 is provided between the two mold bases 13, and the two symmetrically arranged mold bases 13 are both semicircular structures, and a circular structure is formed by splicing the two symmetrically arranged mold bases 13.

[0100] When concrete needs to be filled, one of the mold bases 13 can be set with its opening facing upward, and concrete can be filled in the mold base 13, and another mold base 13 can be installed to achieve mold closing of the two mold bases 13.

[0101] The component mold 1 is placed on a centrifuge, and the component mold 1 and the ring 17 are driven to rotate synchronously under the action of the centrifuge, so as to obtain a concrete component 10 of a hollow pipe pile structure corresponding to the size of the component mold 1.

[0102] Embodiment 5: On the basis of Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 4, a filling port 14 may be formed on one of the mold bases 13, and a cover plate 15 for sealing the filling port 14 may be provided at the filling port 14, and bolts detachably connected to the mold base 13 may be provided at the corners of the cover plate 15, so that the filling area 11 can be sealed under the action of the cover plate 15.

[0103] By filling part of the concrete in the filling area 11 and sealing the filling port 14 with the cover plate 15, the component mold 1 is placed on a centrifuge. The centrifuge drives the component mold 1 and the ring 17 to rotate synchronously, thereby obtaining a concrete component 10 of a hollow square pile structure or a hollow pipe pile structure corresponding to the size of the component mold 1.

[0104] At the same time, the filling area 11 can be filled with concrete through the filling port 14 , and a solid square pile structure concrete component 10 corresponding to the size of the component mold 1 can be obtained without the provision of a cover plate 15 .

[0105] With the filling port 14 and the cover plate 15 , it is possible to switch between the preparation of the concrete component 10 with a solid square pile structure and the preparation of the concrete component 10 with a hollow square pile structure under the action of the same component mold 1 .

[0106] Embodiment 6: The component mold 1 includes a mold frame 18 and steel plates 19 located at both ends of the mold frame 18, and a plurality of prestressed tensioning devices are installed in a row on the steel plates 19.

[0107] During the tensioning process of each prestressed tensioning device, each tensioning wire rod 8 is set through the steel plate 19. At this time, the movable tensioning plate 2 is set in the mold frame 18. Under the movement of the tensioning wire rod 8, the tensioning steel rod 5 in the mold frame 18 is tensioned. After the tensioning of the tensioning wire rod 8 is completed, each tensioning wire rod 8 is locked by the locking nut 9 abutting on the steel plate 19. At this time, the steel plate 19 is subjected to the rebound force of the tensioning steel rod 5 under the abutting force of each locking nut 9, so that the steel plate 19 transfers the inward pressure it is subjected to to the end of the mold frame 18.

[0108] After the formwork 18 is partially filled with concrete, a concrete member 10 of a box beam structure corresponding to the size of the formwork 18 is obtained.

[0109] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention; therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0110] Although the following terms are used more frequently in this article: component mold 1, filling area 11, moving area 12, mold base 13, filling port 14, cover plate 15, locking assembly 16, ring 17, mold frame 18, steel plate 19, fixed tensioning plate 2, fixed base 3, matching hole 31, movable tensioning plate 4, tensioning threaded hole 41, locking threaded hole 42, tensioning steel rod 5, upset section 51, anchor 6, sleeve 61, anchor plate 62, external thread 63, internal thread 64, hollow baffle 65, locking bolt 7, tensioning wire rod 8, locking nut 9, concrete component 10, etc., the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tensioning device for reducing prestress loss, comprising a component mold (1) and a filling area (11) formed in the component mold (1); characterized in that: The component mold (1) is provided with a fixed tensioning plate (2) and a fixed seat (3) at both ends thereof, and a movable tensioning plate (4) is provided inside the component mold (1) by spacing the inside of the component mold (1), and a filling area (11) is formed between the fixed tensioning plate (2) and the movable tensioning plate (4); a tensioning steel bar (5) is provided between the fixed tensioning plate (2) and the movable tensioning plate (4), and a plurality of anchors (6) for tensioning the two ends of the tensioning steel bar (5) are provided on the fixed tensioning plate (2) and the movable tensioning plate (4); A plurality of locking bolts (7) for locking a plurality of anchor pieces (6) are passed through the plate (4); the anchor piece (6) comprises a sleeve (61) for connecting the tensioning steel rod (5) and an anchor plate (62) for increasing the movement damping of the anchor piece (6); an end of the tensioning steel rod (5) is formed with an upset section (51) that is clamped in the sleeve (61); a tensioning wire rod (8) for driving the movable tensioning plate (4) to move is passed through the fixed seat (3); a moving area (12) that facilitates the movement of the movable tensioning plate (4) is formed between the movable tensioning plate (4) and the fixed seat (3); The sleeve (61) and the locking bolt (7) are both arranged along the axial direction of the tensioned steel rod (5), and the anchor plate (62) is arranged along the radial direction of the tensioned steel rod (5); The end of the sleeve (61) is formed with a hollow baffle (65) for tightening the upset section (51), and the inner wall of the sleeve (61) is formed with an internal thread (64) threadedly connected to the locking bolt (7), and the outer wall of the sleeve (61) is formed with an external thread (63) threadedly connected to the anchor plate (62); under the action of the external thread (63), the anchor plate (62) can be rotated to any position of the sleeve (61) under the action of the thread, so that the position of the anchor plate (62) and the clamping position of the tensioning steel rod (5) and the hollow baffle (65) can be adjusted. When the damping force position of the tensioning steel rod (5) during the rebound process is closer to the force position of the end of the tensioning steel rod (5), it is ensured that the tensioning steel rod (5) is more stable in the concrete member (10); In the obtained concrete component (10), the anchor (6) is arranged at the end of the concrete component (10), and under the action of the anchor (6) being fixed to the end of the concrete component (10) through concrete, the end position of the tensioning steel rod (5) is positioned and tightened, ensuring that the two ends of the tensioning steel rod (5) are respectively arranged at the opposite ends of the concrete component (10).

2. According to a tensioning device for reducing prestress loss according to claim 1, a plurality of connected anchors (6) and locking bolts (7) are provided on the movable tensioning plate (4), and a plurality of tensioning steel bars (5) are correspondingly connected to the plurality of anchors (6), and the movable tensioning plate (4) drives the plurality of tensioning steel bars (5) to be tensioned synchronously during the movement process.

3. According to the tensioning device for reducing prestress loss according to claim 1, the cross-sectional dimensions of the movable tensioning plate (4) correspond to those of the filling area (11), and the movable area (12) and the filling area (11) are arranged at intervals on opposite sides of the movable tensioning plate (4).

4. According to a tensioning device for reducing prestress loss according to claim 1, a tensioning threaded hole (41) threadedly connected to the tensioning wire rod (8) is formed on the movable tensioning plate (4), and the end of the tensioning wire rod (8) is always located in the tensioning threaded hole (41).

5. According to a tensioning device for reducing prestress loss according to claim 4, a plurality of locking threaded holes (42) threadedly connected to a plurality of locking bolts (7) are also formed on the movable tensioning plate (4), and the tensioning threaded hole (41) is formed in the middle of the movable tensioning plate (4), and the plurality of locking threaded holes (42) are arranged circumferentially around the tensioning threaded hole (41).

6. According to the tensioning device for reducing prestress loss according to claim 1, a locking nut (9) for locking the tensioning rod (8) is installed on the tensioning rod (8), and the locking nut (9) is in contact with the fixing seat (3).

7. According to the tensioning device for reducing prestress loss according to claim 1, a matching hole (31) for passing the tensioning wire rod (8) is formed on the fixing seat (3), and the diameter of the matching hole (31) is larger than the diameter of the tensioning wire rod (8).

8. A method for preparing a concrete component, based on the tensioning device for reducing prestress loss according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step A: preparing a component mold (1) of corresponding size according to the required concrete component, placing a movable tensioning plate (4) in the component mold (1), and arranging a tensioning wire rod (8) threadedly connected to the movable tensioning plate (4) on the component mold (1); Step B: erecting a steel bar skeleton corresponding to the size of the concrete component in the filling area (11) of the component mold (1); Step C: Arranging locking bolts (7) on the fixed tensioning plate (2) and the movable tensioning plate (4) in the same number as the tensioning steel bars (5), and connecting the locking bolts (7) to corresponding anchors (6); Step D: The tensioning wire rod (8) is driven to move by the stretching machine to adjust the position of the movable tensioning plate (4) in the component mold (1), and the movable tensioning plate (4) drives all tensioning steel bars (5) to be tensioned synchronously during the movement process; Step E: After the tensioning steel rod (5) is tensioned to a set position by moving the movable tensioning plate (4), the locking nut (9) is tightened to lock the position of the tensioning wire rod (8) and the movable tensioning plate (4); Step F: pouring concrete in the filling area (11), and removing the locking bolts (7) after the concrete solidifies to obtain the desired concrete component.

9. A method for preparing a concrete component according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step B, a tensioning steel bar (5) having an integral structure with the steel bar skeleton is formed on the steel bar skeleton, and anchor pieces (6) are sleeved at both ends of the tensioning steel bar (5). After the sleeve connection is completed, the ends of the tensioning steel bar (5) are upset.

10. The method for preparing a concrete component according to claim 8, characterized in that: The component mold (1) is a hollow square structure or a circular structure.

11. A method for preparing a concrete component according to claim 10, characterized in that: The component mold (1) is composed of two symmetrically arranged mold bases (13), and a locking assembly (16) for locking the two mold bases (13) is provided between the two mold bases (13).

12. A method for preparing a concrete component according to claim 11, characterized in that: A circular ring (17) is formed on the outside of the component mold (1) to facilitate the component mold (1) to roll on the centrifuge.

13. A method for preparing a concrete component according to claim 12, characterized in that: A filling port (14) is formed on the mold base (13) with the circular ring (17), and a cover plate (15) for sealing the filling port (14) is provided at the filling port (14).

14. A method for preparing a concrete component according to claim 8, characterized in that: The component mould (1) comprises a mould frame (18) and steel plates (19) located at both ends of the mould frame (18), and a plurality of tensioning devices are installed in a row on the steel plates (19).

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