An integrated system for indoor experiments of lysimeters

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of intelligent equipment detection technology, and in particular to an indoor experimental integrated system of a lysimeter. An outer sleeve, an intermediate sleeve, and an inner sleeve are sequentially mounted on a lateral infiltration instrument soil placement device, and the intermediate sleeve is sealed with the top and bottom of the outer sleeve to form a vacuum zone, which plays an isolation and protection role; a semicircular arc sealing unit is used to divide the space into a soil placement lateral infiltration zone and a detector placement zone, which respectively correspond to a perforated half-cylinder wall and a non-perforated half-cylinder wall equally divided by the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve is rotated to perform downward infiltration and lateral infiltration rain experiments, respectively, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the inspection result; a bottom leakage plate unit is clamped at the bottom of the inner sleeve, which not only controls whether there is water leakage, but also facilitates soil removal, saving time and effort; a collecting unit is provided with a sensor and an alarm, so that seepage water can be collected in time to prevent secondary pollution from the outside; a thermometer, a water pumping pipe and other detection devices can be placed by setting a detector placement zone, and the detection device can be intelligently controlled by setting a controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of intelligent detection technology, and in particular to an indoor experimental integrated system for a lysimeter. Background Art

[0002] Lysimeter is a device used to study important processes such as water balance, hydrological cycle, evapotranspiration, and soil element migration in ecological environment, hydrogeology, and agriculture and forestry. This device can be generally divided into two types according to the specific needs of the experiment. One device is deployed around the actual test point outdoors to meet the in-situ test effect, with natural factors as the external conditions; the other device is selected to conduct indoor laboratory simulation tests after sampling to meet the natural conditions that cannot achieve quantitative control of parameters. At present, indoor laboratory simulation tests have the following shortcomings:

[0003] Only soil seepage was considered. Since lateral seepage could not be quantified, factors affecting soil lateral seepage were not considered, and the inspection results were inaccurate. There was no vacuum isolation zone outside the soil placement device of the lateral infiltration meter, and interference from the outside world would affect the inspection accuracy. After the experiment, the soil in the plexiglass needed to be dug out manually using a small wooden shovel, which was time-consuming and labor-intensive. The bottom of the soil placement device of the lateral infiltration meter was connected to an external water bucket through a water pipe. On the one hand, it required manual inspection from time to time to prevent overflow. On the other hand, it was easily contaminated by the outside world, resulting in inaccurate inspection results. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention discloses a lysimeter indoor experiment integrated system, aiming to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A lysimeter indoor experiment integrated system comprises a support frame unit, a lateral infiltration meter soil placement device installed in the support frame unit, a collecting unit installed at the bottom of the lateral infiltration meter soil placement device for collecting soil leakage, a precipitation device installed on a mounting plate provided on the top of the support frame unit, and a controller for controlling the precipitation and inspection devices.

[0007] In some embodiments, the lateral infiltration meter soil placement device includes an outer sleeve, an intermediate sleeve, and an inner sleeve which are sequentially mounted from the outside to the inside and whose central axes coincide with each other. A horizontal bottom plate is provided at the lower end of the inner wall of the outer sleeve. The bottom surface of the horizontal bottom plate and the inner wall are combined to form a bottom chamber for placing the collection unit. A vacuum area is formed by a top cover provided at the top of the intermediate sleeve and the outer sleeve. A bottom leakage plate unit is provided at the bottom of the inner sleeve and is clamped on the mounting hole provided on the horizontal bottom plate. The collection unit for collecting leaked liquid is placed at the lower end of the bottom leakage plate unit.

[0008] In some embodiments, a semi-circular arc sealing unit is fixedly installed in the space between the intermediate sleeve and the inner sleeve, and the semi-circular arc sealing unit includes a semi-circular arc wall parallel to the cylindrical wall of the inner sleeve and an elastic sealing body continuously and evenly distributed at the edge of the semi-circular arc wall. The elastic sealing body is tightly attached to the wall of the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve can be rotatably inserted in an annular groove provided on the horizontal bottom plate, so that when the inner sleeve rotates, the wall surface of the inner sleeve enclosed by the elastic sealing body is in a sealed state.

[0009] In some embodiments, the inner sleeve is divided into a semi-cylindrical wall with holes and a semi-cylindrical wall without holes along the center plane, that is, the semi-cylindrical wall with holes is evenly distributed with a plurality of water leakage holes, and the size and spacing of the water leakage holes are set according to preset requirements. A first positioning stop column is respectively provided at the upper end of the inner sleeve and between the semi-cylindrical wall with holes and the semi-cylindrical wall without holes, and two second positioning stop columns are respectively provided at both ends of the upper end of the semicircular arc wall to match the first positioning stop column. When one of the first positioning stop columns is in contact with one of the second positioning stop columns located on the outside, the other first positioning stop column is in contact with the other second positioning stop column located on the inside, and the inner sleeve is in the first positioning position at this time; when the inner sleeve is rotated 180° in the opposite direction, the two first positioning stop columns are switched and respectively in contact with the two second positioning stop columns, and the inner sleeve is in the second positioning position; when the inner sleeve is in the first positioning position, the semi-cylindrical wall with holes or the semi-cylindrical wall without holes is sealed in the elastic sealing body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first positioning stop column and the second positioning stop column are arranged opposite to each other, and their central axes are located on the same horizontal plane; a handle is also installed on the top of the inner sleeve for holding and rotating the inner sleeve to a preset positioning position.

[0011] In some embodiments, the elastic sealing body includes a peripheral protrusion extending from the edge of the semicircular arc wall and a rubber sealing sleeve sleeved on the peripheral protrusion, and the second positioning stop column is located at the upper end of the elastic sealing body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the semicircular wall is formed by extending upward from the horizontal bottom plate, and the two side edges of the semicircular wall are also provided with vertical baffles extending along the axial section to the middle sleeve wall, and the vertical baffles divide the space into a soil placement lateral infiltration area and a detector placement area; a plurality of sockets are provided in the middle of the semicircular wall from top to bottom, and the sockets are sealed insertion ports for the detector, and the detector includes a temperature sensor.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bottom leakage plate unit includes a bottom leakage plate provided with a plurality of bottom holes, and positioning baffles are respectively provided on the edges of the bottom leakage plate along the X and Y axis directions; an insertion port and a baffle cavity matching the positioning baffle are provided on the horizontal bottom plate around the mounting hole, and the baffle cavity is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the insertion port, so that when the positioning baffles of the two overlapping bottom leakage plate units are rotated from the insertion port into the baffle cavity on the same side, the bottom holes of the two bottom leakage plates overlap, and when the positioning baffles of the two overlapping bottom leakage plate units are respectively rotated from the insertion port into the baffle cavity on both sides, the bottom holes of the two bottom leakage plates are completely staggered; a position sensor is installed at a preset position in the collecting unit located at the bottom of the bottom leakage plate unit, and a weight sensor is installed at the bottom of the collecting unit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the precipitation device is installed at the bottom of the top mounting plate provided on the support frame unit, and the central precipitation unit and the lateral seepage area precipitation unit provided on the precipitation device correspond to the inner sleeve and the soil placement lateral seepage area respectively, and the precipitation device is provided with a control switch for controlling the precipitation of the preset unit.

[0015] In some embodiments, a controller and an alarm are also installed on the mounting plate, the alarm is connected to the position sensor, and the controller is control-connected to the control switch, the position sensor, the weight sensor, and the alarm. Beneficial Effects

[0016] The present invention discloses an indoor experimental integrated system of a lysimeter. The lateral infiltration meter soil placing device is provided with an outer sleeve, an intermediate sleeve and an inner sleeve which are sequentially mounted from the outside to the inside and whose central axes coincide with each other. The intermediate sleeve is sealed with the top and bottom of the outer sleeve to form a vacuum zone, which plays an isolation role for the lateral infiltration meter soil placing device and prevents external interference from affecting the inspection accuracy. A semi-circular arc sealing unit is fixedly installed in the space between the intermediate sleeve and the inner sleeve. The semi-circular arc wall is parallel to the inner sleeve column wall, and an elastic sealing body is provided at the edge of the semi-circular arc wall. Vertical baffles are also provided at the edges of both sides to separate the space into a soil placement lateral infiltration zone and a detector placement zone. The inner sleeve is equally divided into a semi-cylinder wall with holes and a semi-cylinder wall without holes. The inner sleeve is rotated to make the semi-circular arc wall have a hole. When the porous half-cylinder wall is closed by the elastic sealing body, only the soil sample in the inner sleeve is subjected to the rain test. When the inner sleeve is rotated to make the non-porous half-cylinder wall closed by the elastic sealing body, the soil sample in the inner sleeve and the soil sample in the side seepage area can be subjected to the rain test at the same time, so as to detect the side seepage and ensure the accuracy of the inspection result. A bottom leakage plate unit is installed at the bottom of the inner sleeve, so that it can be dug with a small wooden shovel without manual work, thus saving time and labor. A collecting unit equipped with a sensor and an alarm is placed at the lower end of the bottom leakage plate unit, so that the seepage water can be collected in time to prevent secondary pollution from the outside. By setting up a detector placement area, thermometers, water pumps and other detection devices can be placed, and the detection device can be intelligently controlled by setting a controller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments, which constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the technical solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention (a semi-cylinder wall with holes is sealed by a semi-circular arc sealing unit);

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 NN cross-sectional view;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 2 CC section view;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the technical solution structure of the bottom leakage plate unit;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 1 D enlarged image;

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the technical solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention (when the semi-cylinder wall without holes is sealed by a semi-circular arc sealing unit);

[0026] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 MM cross-sectional view;

[0027] Fig.10 for Figure 8 EE cross-sectional view;

[0028] Fig.11 for Fig.10 FF cross-sectional view;

[0029] Fig.12 This is a partial enlarged view of the pumping end;

[0030] Fig.13 for Figure 1 Z magnification of .

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] Support frame unit 1; support frame 11; mounting plate 12; lateral infiltration instrument soil placement device 2; inner sleeve 21; perforated semi-cylinder wall 211; water leakage hole 2111; rubber sleeve 2112; non-perforated semi-cylinder wall 212; first positioning baffle 213; handle 214; middle sleeve 22; soil placement lateral infiltration area 221; detector placement area 222; outer sleeve 23; vacuum area 231; bottom leakage plate unit 24; bottom leakage plate 241; bottom hole 2411; hand lever 242; positioning baffle 243; semi-circular arc sealing unit 25; semi-circular arc wall 251; plug hole 2511; vertical baffle 2512; peripheral convex body 2513; rubber sleeve Rubber sealing sleeve 252; through hole 2521; second positioning blocking column 253; convex rubber sleeve 254; horizontal bottom plate 26; insertion port 261; blocking cavity 262; annular groove 263; mounting hole 264; bottom chamber 27; top cover 28; scale 29; collecting unit 3; collecting box 31; position sensor 32; weight sensor 33; alarm 4; temperature sensor 5; water pump 6; water pumping port 61; flat filter screen 611; support column 612; conical filter screen 613; water pumping pipe 62; controller 7; precipitation device 8; central precipitation unit 81; lateral seepage area precipitation unit 82; control switch 83; sample soil 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings; in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the "including" mentioned in the specification and claims is an open term, so it should be interpreted as "including but not limited to"; "several" refers to no less than 4.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0035] Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 13 As shown, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention is:

[0037] A lysimeter indoor experiment integrated system comprises a support frame unit 1, a lateral infiltration meter soil placement device 2 installed in the support frame unit 1, a collecting unit 3 installed at the bottom of the lateral infiltration meter soil placement device 2 for collecting soil leakage, a precipitation device 8 installed on a mounting plate 12 provided on the top of the support frame unit 1, and a controller 7 for controlling the precipitation and detection device.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 13 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention:

[0039] A lysimeter indoor experimental integrated system is located in an air-conditioned room, comprising a support frame unit 1, a lateral infiltration meter soil placement device 2 installed in the support frame unit 1, a collecting unit 3 installed at the bottom of the lateral infiltration meter soil placement device 2 for collecting soil leakage, a precipitation device 8 installed on a mounting plate 12 provided on the top of the support frame unit 1, and a controller 7 for controlling precipitation and detection devices.

[0040] The support frame unit 1 includes a support frame 11 and a mounting plate 12 installed on the top. The lateral infiltration meter soil placement device 2 is installed in the support frame 11 through fasteners. The controller 7 and the alarm 4 are installed on the upper end of the mounting plate 12.

[0041] The lateral infiltration meter soil placement device 2 is sequentially mounted with an outer sleeve 23, an intermediate sleeve 22, and an inner sleeve 21 from the outside to the inside, and the central axes all coincide; a horizontal bottom plate 26 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 23, and the bottom surface of the horizontal bottom plate 26 and the inner wall enclose a bottom chamber 27, and mounting holes 264 are provided on the horizontal bottom plate 26 at positions corresponding to the inner sleeve 21, and a top cover 28 is provided on the top of the intermediate sleeve 22 and the outer sleeve 23, so that a vacuum area 231 is formed in the middle area, and the outer sleeve 23, the intermediate sleeve 22, the inner sleeve 21, the top cover 28, and the horizontal bottom plate 26 are all made of plexiglass, and a scale 29 is provided on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 21 for observation by experimenters.

[0042] A bottom leakage plate unit 24 is inserted into the bottom of the inner sleeve 21 , and two bottom leakage plate units 24 are provided to be clamped in the mounting holes 264 provided in the horizontal bottom plate 26 , and the collecting unit 3 for collecting leaked liquid is placed at the lower end of the bottom leakage plate unit 24 .

[0043] A semi-circular sealing unit 25 is provided in the space between the middle sleeve 22 and the inner sleeve 21. The semi-circular sealing unit 25 is provided with a semi-circular wall 251 and an elastic sealing body continuously and evenly distributed at the edge of the semi-circular wall 251. A peripheral protrusion 2513 extends from the edge of the semi-circular wall 251 toward the inner sleeve 21. A flexible protrusion rubber sleeve 254 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the peripheral protrusion 2513. The peripheral protrusion 2513 and the protrusion rubber sleeve 254 constitute an elastic sealing body. The semi-circular wall 251 is parallel to the column wall of the inner sleeve 21. After assembly, the protrusion rubber sleeve 254 of the elastic sealing body is tightly attached to the cylinder wall of the inner sleeve 21.

[0044] The semicircular wall 251 is formed by the upward extension of the horizontal bottom plate 26, and the two side edges of the semicircular wall 251 are provided with outward-extending vertical baffles 2512. The two vertical baffles 2512 extend outward in the opposite direction of the axial section to the wall of the middle sleeve 22. The semicircular sealing unit 25 divides the space between the middle sleeve 22 and the inner sleeve 21 into two, which are separated into the non-communicating soil placement lateral seepage area 221 and the detector placement area 222, that is, the semicircular sealing unit 25 is fixed.

[0045] The inner sleeve 21 can be rotatably inserted into the annular groove 263 provided on the horizontal bottom plate 26, so that when the inner sleeve 21 rotates, the wall surface of the inner sleeve 21 surrounded by the elastic sealing body is in a sealed state.

[0046] The inner sleeve 21 is divided into a perforated semi-cylindrical wall 211 and a non-perforated semi-cylindrical wall 212 along the axial plane, that is, a plurality of water leakage holes 2111 are evenly distributed on the perforated semi-cylindrical wall 211, and the size and spacing of the water leakage holes 2111 are set according to preset requirements.

[0047] The fixed semi-circular arc sealing unit 25 is matched with the rotatable inner sleeve 21 to meet different tests: when the porous half-cylinder wall 211 is closed by the semi-circular arc sealing unit 25, the entire wall of the inner sleeve 21 is in a sealed state to meet the test of water seepage; when the non-porous half-cylinder wall 212 is closed by the semi-circular arc sealing unit 25, the porous half-cylinder wall 211 of the inner sleeve 21 is exposed to meet the test of lateral water seepage in the seepage water; the lateral water seepage data can be obtained through the two tests, and by setting half of the cylinder wall to have holes, that is, the porous half-cylinder wall 211, the lateral water seepage value of the entire inner sleeve 21 wall or within a preset range can be calculated.

[0048] The semicircular arc sealing unit 25 corresponds to the detector placement area 222, and the exposed portion of the inner sleeve 21 corresponds to the soil placement lateral seepage area 221.

[0049] A first positioning stop column 213 is respectively provided at the upper end of the inner sleeve 21 and between the semi-cylindrical wall 211 with holes and the semi-cylindrical wall 212 without holes. Two second positioning stop columns 253 are respectively provided at both ends of the upper end of the semi-circular wall 251 to match the first positioning stop column 213, and the second positioning stop column 253 is located at the upper end of the elastic sealing body. When one of the first positioning stop columns 213 is in contact with one of the second positioning stop columns 253 located on the outside, the other first positioning stop column 213 is in contact with the other second positioning stop column located on the inside. 253 fit, at this time, the inner sleeve 21 is in the first positioning position, when the inner sleeve is rotated 180° in the opposite direction, the two first positioning stop posts 213 change their positions and fit with the two second positioning stop posts 253 respectively, and the inner sleeve 21 is in the second positioning position; the first positioning stop posts 213 and the second positioning stop posts 253 are arranged opposite to each other, and the central axes are located in the same horizontal plane; a handle 214 is also installed on the top of the inner sleeve 21 for holding and rotating the inner sleeve 21 to a preset first positioning position or a second positioning position.

[0050] When the inner sleeve 21 is in the first positioning position, the leakage holes 2111 of the porous semi-cylinder wall 211 are all sealed in the elastic sealing body. At this time, the inner sleeve 21 is a cylinder with a completely closed inner wall. Only the sample soil 9 is placed in the inner sleeve 21. The inner sleeve 21 is used to perform soil seepage tests and temperature measurements and water extraction of different sample soil 9 layers. The precipitation device 8 is installed at the bottom of the top mounting plate 12 of the support frame unit 1. The precipitation device 8 is provided with a central precipitation unit 81 to precipitate water on the inner sleeve 21 to perform soil seepage tests.

[0051] The longitudinal middle part of the semicircular wall 251 is provided with a plurality of holes 2511 in sequence from top to bottom according to preset requirements. The holes 2511 are sealed insertion ports, that is, when the detection device is inserted through the holes 2511, the contact part is always sealed. When the detection device is removed, the holes 2511 are automatically sealed.

[0052] In this example, a number of jacks 2511 with an equidistant interval of 20 cm are sequentially arranged on the semicircular wall 251. A rubber sealing sleeve 252 is installed in the jack 2511. A through hole 2521 is arranged in the rubber sealing sleeve 252. When detection is not required, the through hole 2521 is in a closed state.

[0053] In this example, when the temperature of each layer of sample soil 9 needs to be measured, a temperature sensor 5 is inserted from the bottom upward along the semicircular wall 251 at intervals of H=20cm to measure the temperature of the sample soil 9. The temperature measuring end is inserted from the detector placement area 222 into the through hole 2521 of the rubber sealing sleeve 252, and the insertion depth is 5cm through the water leakage hole 2111 to the sample soil 9. Figure 1 shown.

[0054] When water needs to be pumped, the external water pump 6 extracts the seepage water at the required position through the water pumping pipe 62 and the water pumping port 61 placed in the detector placement area 222, that is, the water pumping port 61 is inserted into the through hole 2521 of the rubber sealing sleeve 252, and the insertion depth is 5 cm through the leakage hole 2111 to the sample soil 9. A flat filter screen 611 is provided at the end of the water pumping port 61, and a vertical support column 612 extending outward is welded at the center of the flat filter screen 611. A conical filter screen 613 is also provided, the edge of which is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the flat filter screen 611 and the middle is fixedly connected to the end of the support column 612. The material of the water pumping port 61 is a waterproof and anti-corrosion PVC material, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0055] The sizes of the leakage hole 2111 matched with the temperature measuring end of the temperature sensor 5 and the leakage hole 2111 matched with the water pumping port 61 are both set to large diameter holes according to actual needs. A rubber sleeve 2112 is placed in the hole. A through hole with the same diameter as the other leakage holes 2111 is provided in the rubber sleeve 2112. When measuring, the temperature measuring end of the temperature sensor 5 and the water pumping port 61 are respectively inserted into the through hole of the elastic rubber sleeve 2112. Figure 1 shown.

[0056] When the inner sleeve 21 is in the second positioning position, the leakage holes 2111 of the porous semi-cylinder wall 211 are exposed to the outside, and the non-porous semi-cylinder wall 212 of the inner sleeve 21 is in contact with the elastic sealing body. The sample soil 9 is placed in the inner sleeve 21 and the soil placement lateral seepage area 221. The central precipitation unit 81 and the lateral seepage area precipitation unit 82 provided in the precipitation device 8 respectively perform precipitation tests on the sample soil 9 in the inner sleeve 21 and the soil placement lateral seepage area 221; the nozzles of the central precipitation unit 81 and the lateral seepage area precipitation unit 82 are respectively driven and controlled by the control switch 83 installed in the middle to perform downward seepage and lateral seepage tests. Figure 8 , Fig. 9 shown.

[0057] It should be noted that:

[0058] In this example, the height of the inner sleeve 21 and the soil placement lateral seepage area 221 is 160 cm. When the soil profile to be tested is in its original natural state, the bulk density of each soil section is tested using the ring knife method and the value is recorded. The pressure value is calculated by combining the bottom area of ​​the inner sleeve 21 and the bottom area of ​​the soil placement lateral seepage area 221. The soil is filled in the inner sleeve 21 and the soil placement lateral seepage area 221 from bottom to top every 20 cm using a soil filling pressure gun, so that the soil in the entire inner sleeve 21 and the soil placement lateral seepage area 221 are basically matched with the original natural state.

[0059] The bottom leakage plate unit 24 includes a bottom leakage plate 241 provided with a plurality of evenly distributed bottom holes 2411, and four positioning baffles 243 are respectively provided at the edge of the bottom leakage plate 241 along the X-axis and Y-axis directions; the bottom leakage plate unit 24 is provided with two overlapping pieces for use, which on the one hand increases the strength of supporting the sample soil 9, and on the other hand makes the bottom holes 2411 of the two bottom leakage plate units 24 completely overlap or stagger in a sealed state by rotation to meet different test requirements. The bottom leakage plate unit 24 placed below can be rotatably installed with a hand lever 242, which is convenient for the staff to hold and operate, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0060] The bottom drain plate unit 24 is installed on the mounting hole 264 provided on the horizontal bottom plate 26 , and an insertion port 261 and a blocking cavity 262 matching with the positioning baffle 243 are provided around the mounting hole 264 , and the blocking cavity 262 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the insertion port 261 .

[0061] When water leakage is required, the positioning baffles 243 of the two overlapping bottom leakage plate units 24 are rotated from the insertion port 261 into the baffle cavity 262 on the same side, and the bottom holes 2411 of the two bottom leakage plates 241 completely overlap, that is, the bottom leakage plate unit 24 is in a liquid leakage state, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown.

[0062] When water leakage is not required, the positioning baffles 243 of the two overlapping bottom drain plate units 24 are respectively rotated into the baffle cavities 262 on both sides through the insertion openings 261, and the bottom holes 2411 of the two bottom drain plates 241 are completely staggered and in a non-hole state. Figure 8 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 shown.

[0063] The collecting unit 3 is placed at the bottom of the bottom leakage plate unit 24, a position sensor 32 is installed at a preset upper position in a collecting box 31 provided in the collecting unit 3, and a weight sensor 33 is installed at the bottom for measuring the leakage mass.

[0064] A controller 7 and an alarm 4 are installed on the top of the mounting plate 12. The alarm 4 is connected to the position sensor 32. The controller 7 is controlled and connected to the control switch 83, the position sensor 32, the weight sensor 33, the temperature sensor 5, the water pump 6 and the alarm 4.

[0065] It should be noted that the air conditioner required for temperature regulation (not shown in the figure) is installed in the space required for the experiment.

[0066] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lysimeter indoor experiment integrated system, characterized in that: It includes a support frame unit, a soil placement device for a lateral infiltration meter installed in the support frame unit, a collecting unit installed at the bottom of the soil placement device for the lateral infiltration meter to collect soil leakage, a precipitation device installed on a mounting plate provided on the top of the support frame unit, and a controller for controlling the precipitation and inspection device; The soil placement device of the lateral infiltration meter includes an outer sleeve, an intermediate sleeve, and an inner sleeve which are sequentially mounted from the outside to the inside and whose central axes coincide with each other. A horizontal bottom plate is provided at the lower end of the inner wall of the outer sleeve. The bottom surface of the horizontal bottom plate and the inner wall are enclosed to form a bottom chamber for placing the collecting unit. A vacuum area is formed by a top cover provided at the top of the intermediate sleeve and the outer sleeve. A bottom leakage plate unit is provided at the bottom of the inner sleeve and is clamped on a mounting hole provided on the horizontal bottom plate. A position sensor is installed at a preset position in the collecting unit at the bottom of the bottom leakage plate unit. The collecting unit for collecting leaked liquid is placed at the lower end of the bottom leakage plate unit, and a weight sensor is installed at the bottom of the collecting unit. A semicircular arc sealing unit is fixedly installed in the space between the intermediate sleeve and the inner sleeve, and the semicircular arc sealing unit includes a semicircular arc wall parallel to the cylindrical wall of the inner sleeve and an elastic sealing body continuously and evenly distributed at the edge of the semicircular arc wall, the elastic sealing body is tightly attached to the wall of the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve can be rotatably inserted in the annular groove provided on the horizontal bottom plate, so that when the inner sleeve rotates, the wall surface of the inner sleeve surrounded by the elastic sealing body is in a sealed state; The inner sleeve is divided into a half-cylinder wall with holes and a half-cylinder wall without holes along the center plane, that is, a plurality of water leakage holes are evenly distributed on the half-cylinder wall with holes, and the size and spacing of the water leakage holes are set according to preset requirements. A first positioning stop column is respectively provided at the upper end of the inner sleeve and between the half-cylinder wall with holes and the half-cylinder wall without holes, and two second positioning stop columns are respectively provided at both ends of the upper end of the semicircular arc wall to match the first positioning stop column. When one of the first positioning stop columns is in contact with one of the second positioning stop columns located on the outside, the other first positioning stop column is in contact with the other second positioning stop column located on the inside. At this time, the inner sleeve is in the first positioning position; when the inner sleeve 18 is rotated in the opposite direction When the angle of the first positioning stop column is 0°, the two first positioning stop columns are switched to fit with the two second positioning stop columns respectively, and the inner sleeve is in the second positioning position; when the inner sleeve is in the first positioning position, the perforated semi-cylinder wall or the non-perforated semi-cylinder wall is sealed in the elastic sealing body; the semi-circular arc wall is formed by extending upward from the horizontal bottom plate, and the two side edges of the semi-circular arc wall are also provided with vertical baffles extending outward along the axial section to the middle sleeve wall, and the vertical baffles divide the space into a soil placement lateral seepage area and a detector placement area; a plurality of jacks are arranged in the middle of the semi-circular arc wall from top to bottom, and the jacks are sealing insertion ports for the detector, and the detector includes a temperature sensor; The dewatering device is installed at the bottom of the top mounting plate provided on the support frame unit, and the central dewatering unit and the lateral seepage area dewatering unit provided on the dewatering device correspond to the inner sleeve and the lateral seepage area of ​​the soil placement, respectively, and the dewatering device is provided with a control switch for controlling the dewatering of the preset unit; A controller and an alarm are also installed on the mounting plate. The alarm is connected to the position sensor. The controller is controlled and connected to the control switch, the position sensor, the weight sensor and the alarm.

2. The lysimeter indoor experiment integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning stop column and the second positioning stop column are arranged opposite to each other, and their central axes are located on the same horizontal plane; a handle is also installed on the top of the inner sleeve for holding and rotating the inner sleeve to a preset positioning position.

3. The lysimeter indoor experiment integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic sealing body comprises a peripheral protrusion extending from the edge of the semicircular arc wall and a rubber sealing sleeve sleeved on the peripheral protrusion, and the second positioning stop column is located at the upper end of the elastic sealing body.

4. The lysimeter indoor experiment integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom leakage plate unit includes a bottom leakage plate with a plurality of bottom holes, and positioning baffles are respectively provided on the edge of the bottom leakage plate along the X and Y axis directions; the horizontal bottom plate around the mounting hole is provided with an insertion port and a baffle cavity matched with the positioning baffle, and the baffle cavity is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the insertion port, so that when the positioning baffles of the two overlapping bottom leakage plate units are rotated from the insertion port into the baffle cavity on the same side, the bottom holes of the two bottom leakage plates overlap, and when the positioning baffles of the two overlapping bottom leakage plate units are respectively rotated from the insertion port into the baffle cavity on both sides, the bottom holes of the two bottom leakage plates are completely staggered.

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