Laser cutting device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser cutting device, comprising a main frame, a support frame, a laser cutting head, a workbench, a laser generator, and an optical path element; the laser cutting head comprises a quick connection assembly, a fluid mixing chamber, and a fluid inlet tube; a stepped hole connecting column capable of accommodating a second connecting piece is provided downward from the upper end of the fluid mixing chamber; the stepped hole connecting column is detachably connected to the quick connection assembly; a plurality of spiral mixing blades are arranged in a ring on the inner wall surface of the fluid mixing chamber; the main body of the spiral mixing blade is made of rubber material, and its outer surface is covered with wear-resistant material; the spiral mixing blade generates shaking or slight deformation when the fluid passes through, thereby promoting uniform mixing of various parts of the fluid and reducing noise at the same time; further ensuring that the laser beam is accurately wrapped by the high-pressure fluid to achieve more efficient laser cutting; when replacing parts or repairing, the quick connection assembly can quickly disconnect the fluid, greatly reducing the difficulty and safety risks of operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing engineering and material processing, and in particular to a laser cutting device. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting is an advanced manufacturing technology that uses a high-energy-density laser beam to precisely cut materials. Based on the laser's strong focusing ability and high energy density, it can heat the material to the melting point or evaporate it directly in a very short time, thereby achieving a high-precision and high-efficiency cutting process. This technology is widely used in the cutting of metal materials such as steel, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy.

[0003] However, when dealing with certain materials or specific applications, traditional laser cutting, especially the precise cutting of metal pipes, often faces problems such as rough cutting edges, slag residue, and expansion of the heat-affected zone, which directly affect the cutting quality and processing efficiency. In order to improve these problems, the prior art has introduced technologies that use high-pressure fluid jets to assist laser beam cutting, such as micro-water jet laser cutting, high-pressure airflow laser cutting, etc. Although these technologies have improved the cutting quality and processing efficiency of traditional laser cutting, long-term use still requires regular maintenance and replacement of parts in the laser cutting head. Due to the complex internal structure of the laser cutting head, which contains multiple precision parts and pipelines; in particular, components such as nozzles and fluid mixing chambers require precise dimensions and alignment when replaced to ensure that the fluid and laser beam can be accurately ejected; therefore, frequent replacement of parts not only increases the cost of use, but also places high demands on the skill level of technicians.

[0004] In high-pressure fluid jet-assisted laser beam cutting technology, in order to meet the cutting requirements of different materials, it is usually necessary to mix a single fluid or multiple fluids to adjust their density, viscosity and chemical properties. Common mixing methods include static mixers and dynamic mixers. Static mixers are fixed in the mixing chamber. For fluids with high viscosity or large density differences, their mixing effect is limited, and dead corners and vortices are prone to occur, resulting in uneven mixing. Although dynamic mixers can improve the mixing effect, they require additional power to drive the stirring device, which increases energy consumption and system complexity. Especially under high-speed or high-pressure conditions, the uniformity of mixing is still limited by the efficiency of mechanical stirring. The long-term impact of high-pressure and high-speed fluids on the mixer will cause certain wear. After the mixer is worn, the flow characteristics of the fluid deteriorate, further affecting the mixing uniformity, thereby reducing the cutting efficiency and quality, and increasing the maintenance frequency of the equipment.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution that can improve the uniformity of fluid mixing, reduce maintenance frequency and simplify the replacement process under low energy consumption conditions to achieve more efficient cutting efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A laser cutting device mainly comprises: a main frame, a support frame located above the main frame, a laser cutting head, a workbench, a laser generator, and an optical path element; the laser cutting head is movably provided on the support frame; the workbench is provided below the laser cutting head and located on the inner side of the main frame;

[0008] Further, the laser cutting head includes: a quick connection assembly, a fluid mixing chamber, and a fluid inlet pipe provided on the quick connection assembly;

[0009] Further, the quick connection assembly is arranged at the upper part of the fluid mixing chamber, and the quick connection assembly comprises: a hollow cylindrical connection valve seat, a movable rod having a guide channel and a protruding arc-shaped end surface, a movable annular seat accommodated in the connection valve seat, and a first connection piece accommodated in the movable rod and having a conical end;

[0010] Further, the fluid mixing chamber includes: a stepped hole connecting column, a second connecting member, a spiral mixing blade, a central mixing flow channel, a late mixing acceleration zone, and an early mixing deceleration zone;

[0011] Furthermore, the lower end of the fluid mixing chamber is a tapered tubular structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; the inner area of ​​the lower end of the fluid mixing chamber is the late mixing acceleration zone;

[0012] Furthermore, the upper end of the fluid mixing chamber is in a circular tube shape, and the inner area of ​​the upper end of the fluid mixing chamber is the early mixing and deceleration area;

[0013] Furthermore, the late mixed acceleration zone is connected to the early mixed deceleration zone;

[0014] Furthermore, a stepped hole connecting column capable of accommodating a second connecting member is provided downward from the upper end of the fluid mixing chamber; the stepped hole connecting column is detachably connected to the quick connecting assembly;

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of spiral mixing blades are arranged in an annular shape on the inner wall surface of the fluid mixing chamber;

[0016] Furthermore, the radial width of the spiral mixing blade is L, the inner radius of the fluid mixing chamber is R, and L=(1 / 3~1 / 2)R; the area in the middle of the fluid mixing chamber not occupied by the spiral mixing blade forms a central mixing flow channel.

[0017] Furthermore, the main body of the spiral mixing blade is made of rubber material, and its outer surface is covered with wear-resistant material.

[0018] Further, the spiral mixing blade includes: an accelerating spiral mixing blade, a first decelerating spiral mixing blade, and a second decelerating spiral mixing blade;

[0019] Furthermore, the accelerating spiral mixing blade, the first decelerating spiral mixing blade, and the second decelerating spiral mixing blade all start from the lower side of the stepped hole connecting column and extend in the direction of fluid flow;

[0020] Further, the accelerating spiral mixing blade extends to the outlet of the late mixing acceleration zone, forming an accelerating spiral mixing blade extension portion in the late mixing acceleration zone;

[0021] Furthermore, the first deceleration spiral mixing blade and the second deceleration spiral mixing blade have exactly the same structure; and both extend to the entrance of the late mixing acceleration zone.

[0022] Furthermore, a longitudinal stepped through hole is provided at the center of the stepped hole connecting column, the lower aperture of the longitudinal stepped through hole is smaller than the upper aperture, wherein the lower small aperture portion is the second connecting member accommodating cavity for accommodating the second connecting member;

[0023] Furthermore, the height of the second connecting member is greater than the height of the second connecting member accommodating cavity;

[0024] Further, the second connecting member is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and comprises: an inwardly concave arc-shaped end surface and a tapered connecting hole;

[0025] Furthermore, the upper end of the second connecting member is an inwardly concave arc-shaped end surface; a tapered connecting hole is longitudinally provided at the center of the second connecting member;

[0026] Furthermore, the diameter of the tapered connecting hole gradually decreases along the direction in which the fluid flows; the bottom of the tapered connecting hole is the fluid outlet;

[0027] Furthermore, the top of the tapered connecting hole is a tapered groove; the diameter of the top of the tapered groove is D3, the diameter of the bottom of the tapered groove is D4, the diameter of the fluid outlet is D5, and D3>D4>D5.

[0028] Further, the first connecting member includes: a conical end, a central communication hole;

[0029] Furthermore, a central connecting hole is provided inside the first connecting member; the bottom of the first connecting member is a conical end which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; the conical end extends downward to the outside of the movable rod, and the conical end is adapted to the conical groove of the second connecting member;

[0030] Furthermore, after the first connecting member is inserted into the movable rod and sealed, the central communicating hole and the guiding channel are in a communicating state.

[0031] Furthermore, the movable rod passes through both ends of the connecting valve seat and extends to the outside of the connecting valve seat;

[0032] Furthermore, a guide channel for the fluid or laser beam to pass through is provided longitudinally through the center of the movable rod;

[0033] Furthermore, an optical path element is provided at the upper end of the movable rod; and a fluid inlet pipe is also provided on the side of the movable rod at the end;

[0034] Furthermore, the lower end of the movable rod is a protruding arc-shaped end surface;

[0035] Furthermore, a first connection piece accommodating cavity is provided upward from the protruding arc-shaped end surface; the diameter of the first connection piece accommodating cavity is D1, the diameter of the guide channel is D2, and D1>D2;

[0036] Furthermore, the protruding arcuate end face is matched with the concave arcuate end face of the second connecting member; and the surfaces of the protruding arcuate end face and the concave arcuate end face are both coated with rubber material.

[0037] Furthermore, a movable annular seat is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the movable rod;

[0038] Furthermore, a spring accommodating cavity is formed between the inner wall surface of the movable annular seat and the outer peripheral surface of the movable rod; an annular spring is installed inside the spring accommodating cavity;

[0039] Furthermore, the bottom of the movable annular seat has an annular protrusion protruding outward; the annular protrusion is in contact with the inner wall surface of the connecting valve seat.

[0040] Furthermore, a through hole for the movable rod to extend out is provided at the center position connecting the upper and lower ends of the valve seat;

[0041] Furthermore, the height between the inner walls at the upper and lower ends of the connecting valve seat is H1; the height of the movable annular seat is H2; H1>H2.

[0042] Furthermore, the connection between the valve seat and the stepped hole connecting column is detachable;

[0043] Furthermore, a detachable connection is adopted between the first connecting member and the first connecting member accommodating cavity, and between the second connecting member and the second connecting member accommodating cavity.

[0044] Further, the laser generator is located on the upper side of the laser cutting head and is fixed; the laser generator moves with the laser cutting head;

[0045] Furthermore, the optical path element is embedded in the guide channel of the movable rod and is located on the upper side of the fluid inlet tube.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0047] The present invention proposes a laser cutting device, which adopts a high-pressure fluid jet to assist laser beam cutting, and adds a spiral mixing blade in a fluid mixing chamber as a component for guiding fluid mixing, wherein the main body of the spiral mixing blade is made of rubber material and coated with a wear-resistant layer; when the fluid flows through the spiral mixing blade, the spiral mixing blade, through its specific shape structure and material properties, enables the static spiral mixing blade to have the characteristics of dynamic mixing, effectively transforming the static mixing of the fluid into dynamic mixing, further enhancing the mixing effect and cutting efficiency, while reducing the mechanical energy consumption and noise level to a certain extent; and the gradually contracting late mixing acceleration zone and the accelerating spiral mixing blade extension formed by the internal extension further limit the lateral fluctuation of the fluid, so that the fluid accelerates and flows in a concentrated manner, and forms a higher-speed and stable jet flow when reaching the cutting nozzle, thereby effectively flushing the cutting area and improving the cleaning effect;

[0048] In addition, a detachable movable connecting piece is designed. When connecting the fluid, the protruding arc-shaped end surface of the movable rod and the concave arc-shaped end surface of the second connecting piece are made of rubber material to achieve a more reliable sealing connection. When replacing parts or repairs, the quick connection assembly can quickly disconnect the fluid, reducing the risk of injury to operators from high-pressure fluid injection, greatly reducing the difficulty and safety risks of operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser cutting device of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser cutting head in the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the quick connection assembly and the fluid mixing chamber being connected.

[0052] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the spiral mixing blade.

[0053] Figure 5 It is a top view of the spiral mixing blade in the fluid mixing chamber.

[0054] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral mixing blade in the fluid mixing chamber.

[0055] In the figure: 1, main frame; 2, support frame; 3, laser cutting head; 4, workbench; 5, quick connection assembly; 51, connecting valve seat; 52, movable rod; 521, guide channel; 522, protruding arc end face; 523, first connecting piece accommodating chamber; 53, movable annular seat; 531, spring accommodating chamber; 532, annular protrusion; 54, first connecting piece; 541, conical end; 542, central connecting hole; 6, fluid mixing chamber; 61, stepped hole connecting column; 611, longitudinal stepped through hole; 6111, second connecting piece Part accommodating cavity; 62, second connecting part; 621, concave arc-shaped end face; 622, tapered connecting hole; 6221, fluid outlet; 6222, conical groove; 63, spiral mixing blade; 631, accelerating spiral mixing blade; 632, first decelerating spiral mixing blade; 633, second decelerating spiral mixing blade; 6311, accelerating spiral mixing blade extension; 64, central mixing flow channel; 65, late mixing acceleration zone; 66, early mixing deceleration zone; 7, fluid inlet tube; 8, laser generator; 9, optical path element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] As attached Figure 1-6 As shown, a laser cutting device mainly comprises: a main frame 1, a support frame 2 located above the main frame 1, a laser cutting head 3, a workbench 4, a laser generator 8, and an optical path element 9; the laser cutting head 3 is movably provided on the support frame 2; the workbench 4 is provided below the laser cutting head 3 and located on the inner side of the main frame 1;

[0058] The laser cutting head 3 comprises: a quick connection component 5, a fluid mixing chamber 6, and a fluid inlet pipe 7 arranged on the quick connection component 5;

[0059] The quick connection assembly 5 is arranged at the upper part of the fluid mixing chamber 6, and the quick connection assembly 5 comprises: a hollow cylindrical connection valve seat 51, a movable rod 52 having a guide channel 521 and a protruding arc-shaped end surface 522, a movable annular seat 53 accommodated in the connection valve seat 51, and a first connection member 54 accommodated in the movable rod 52 and having a conical end 541;

[0060] The fluid mixing chamber 6 comprises: a stepped hole connecting column 61, a second connecting member 62, a spiral mixing blade 63, a central mixing flow channel 64, a late mixing acceleration zone 65, and an early mixing deceleration zone 66;

[0061] The lower end of the fluid mixing chamber 6 is a tapered tubular structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; the inner area of ​​the lower end of the fluid mixing chamber 6 is the late mixing acceleration zone 65;

[0062] The upper end of the fluid mixing chamber 6 is in a circular tube shape, and the inner area of ​​the upper end of the fluid mixing chamber 6 is the early mixing and deceleration area 66;

[0063] The late mixing acceleration zone 65 is connected to the early mixing deceleration zone 66;

[0064] A stepped hole connecting column 61 capable of accommodating a second connecting member 62 is provided downward from the upper end of the fluid mixing chamber 6; the stepped hole connecting column 61 is detachably connected to the quick connecting assembly 5;

[0065] A plurality of spiral mixing blades 63 are arranged in an annular shape on the inner wall surface of the fluid mixing chamber 6;

[0066] The radial width of the spiral mixing blade 63 is L, the inner radius of the fluid mixing chamber 6 is R, and L=(1 / 3~1 / 2)R;

[0067] The area in the middle of the fluid mixing chamber 6 not occupied by the spiral mixing blades 63 forms a central mixing flow channel 64;

[0068] The central mixing flow channel 64 reduces the flow resistance to the fluid, allowing it to advance to the later mixing acceleration zone 65 at a higher and uniform flow rate, further reducing the risk of clogging;

[0069] In this embodiment, the width design of the spiral mixing blade 63 maintains the overall strength and rigidity of the fluid mixing chamber 6, reducing the possibility of deformation or damage under high-speed flow.

[0070] Furthermore, the main body of the spiral mixing blade 63 is made of rubber material, and its outer surface is covered with wear-resistant material to cope with the impact and wear characteristics of the high-pressure fluid. The wear-resistant material can be tungsten carbide, stainless steel, ceramics, etc.

[0071] During the cutting process, the high-pressure fluid impacts the surface of the spiral mixing blade 63, causing the spiral mixing blade 63 to vibrate and emit noise; and since the main body of the spiral mixing blade 63 made of rubber material has softness and elasticity, it can absorb part of the vibration and impact, reduce the vibration transmitted to other parts of the entire device, and effectively reduce the noise level generated by the fluid impacting the spiral mixing blade 63; and the wear-resistant coating on the surface of the main body made of rubber material of the spiral mixing blade 63 can resist the impact and wear of high-speed fluid, further protecting the main body made of rubber material of the spiral mixing blade 63 from direct contact with the high-pressure fluid, preventing the rubber from rapid wear, thereby extending the service life of the entire spiral mixing blade 63, and maintaining the smoothness and shape of the surface, ensuring that the fluid has good flow characteristics;

[0072] Furthermore, the spiral mixing blade 63 includes: an accelerating spiral mixing blade 631, a first decelerating spiral mixing blade 632, and a second decelerating spiral mixing blade 633;

[0073] The accelerating spiral mixing blade 631, the first decelerating spiral mixing blade 632, and the second decelerating spiral mixing blade 633 all start from the lower side of the stepped hole connecting column 61 and extend in the direction of fluid flow;

[0074] The accelerating spiral mixing blade 631 extends to the outlet of the late mixing acceleration zone 65, forming an accelerating spiral mixing blade extension portion 6311 in the late mixing acceleration zone 65;

[0075] The first deceleration spiral mixing blade 632 and the second deceleration spiral mixing blade 633 have the same structure; and both extend to the entrance of the late mixing acceleration zone 65 and end.

[0076] Furthermore, according to the actual use environment, the thickness of the spiral mixing blade 63 is 2 mm to 5 mm.

[0077] The spiral path of the spiral mixing blade 63 causes the fluid to change from linear flow to spiral flow. The fluid near the inner wall of the fluid mixing chamber 6 has a relatively slow flow rate due to the resistance of the spiral mixing blade 63, while the flow rate of the central mixing flow channel 64 is relatively fast. Fluids with different flow rates constantly exchange positions inside the fluid mixing chamber 6, forming shear flow and vortex, thereby increasing the mixing effect of various parts of the fluid. The main body of the spiral mixing blade 63 is made of rubber material. When the fluid passes through the spiral mixing blade 63, the spiral mixing blade 63 generates a certain amplitude of vibration and slight deformation. This dynamic characteristic further enhances the fluid disturbance and turbulence effect in the fluid mixing chamber 6, helps to promote uniform mixing of the fluid, and thus improves the fluid cutting effect and efficiency.

[0078] The spiral mixing blade 63 can be transformed into a dynamic working state under static conditions due to its specific shape structure and material properties, effectively transforming the static mixing of the fluid into dynamic mixing, further enhancing the mixing effect and cutting efficiency while reducing the mechanical energy consumption to a certain extent;

[0079] When the fluid enters the late mixing acceleration zone 65, the cross-sectional area through which it flows gradually decreases, forcing the fluid to accelerate; under the action of the accelerating spiral mixing blade extension 6311, the fluid accelerates along the spiral path of the accelerating spiral mixing blade extension 6311. During this guiding process, the accelerating spiral mixing blade extension 6311 guides the fluid to flow toward the cutting nozzle, limits the lateral fluctuation of the fluid, and forms a high-speed and stable jet stream when the fluid reaches the cutting nozzle; during the laser cutting process, this high-speed and stable jet stream can effectively flush the cutting area and remove the debris and slag generated during the cutting process; at the same time, the jet stream also uniformly cools the cutting area and quickly takes away the heat generated by the cutting, thereby reducing the range of the heat-affected zone and thermal deformation.

[0080] Furthermore, a longitudinal stepped through hole 611 is provided at the center of the stepped hole connecting column 61, and the lower aperture of the longitudinal stepped through hole 611 is smaller than the upper aperture, wherein the lower small aperture portion is the second connecting member accommodating cavity 6111 accommodating the second connecting member 62;

[0081] Furthermore, the height of the second connecting member 62 is greater than the height of the second connecting member accommodating cavity 6111; that is, after the second connecting member 62 is inserted into the second connecting member accommodating cavity 6111 for sealing connection, the upper end portion of the second connecting member 62 extends out of the second connecting member accommodating cavity 6111, making disassembly more convenient;

[0082] The second connecting member 62 is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and comprises: an inwardly concave arc-shaped end surface 621 and a tapered connecting hole 622;

[0083] The upper end portion of the second connecting member 62 is a concave arc-shaped end surface 621;

[0084] A tapered connecting hole 622 is longitudinally provided at the center of the second connecting member 62;

[0085] The diameter of the tapered connecting hole 622 gradually decreases along the direction of fluid flow; the bottom of the tapered connecting hole 622 is a fluid outlet 6221;

[0086] The top of the tapered connecting hole 622 is a tapered groove 6222 ; the top diameter of the tapered groove 6222 is D3 , the bottom diameter of the tapered groove 6222 is D4 , the diameter of the fluid outlet 6221 is D5 , and D3>D4>D5 .

[0087] Further, the first connecting member 54 includes: a conical end 541, a central communication hole 542;

[0088] A central connecting hole 542 is provided inside the first connecting member 54; the bottom of the first connecting member 54 is a conical end 541 which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; the conical end 541 extends downward to the outside of the movable rod 52, and the conical end 541 is adapted to the conical groove 6222 of the second connecting member 62; the conical end 541 is subjected to axial pressure and inserted into the inner wall of the conical groove 6222, forming a tight compression effect, so that there is no gap between the conical end 541 and the conical groove 6222, and the seal is more secure; under the action of high-pressure fluid, a greater contact pressure is generated between the conical end 541 and the conical groove 6222, effectively preventing the loosening of the conical end 541 in the conical groove 6222, thereby further improving the sealing performance. Since their contact surfaces are circular surfaces, the contact pressure is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, which can prevent excessive local pressure from causing their surface wear and deformation to cause sealing failure, and reduce the possibility of fluid leakage or laser beam dispersion;

[0089] After the first connecting member 54 is inserted into the movable rod 52 and sealed, the central communication hole 542 and the guide channel 521 are in communication.

[0090] Furthermore, the movable rod 52 passes through both ends of the connecting valve seat 51 and extends to the outside of the connecting valve seat 51;

[0091] A guide channel 521 for fluid or laser beam to pass through is provided longitudinally through the center of the movable rod 52;

[0092] An optical path element 9 is disposed at the upper end of the movable rod 52; and a fluid inlet pipe 7 is also disposed on the side of the movable rod 52 at the end; the fluid inlet pipe 7 is used to input high-pressure fluid, such as pure water, additive water, oxygen, nitrogen, etc., into the laser cutting head 3;

[0093] The lower end of the movable rod 52 is a protruding arc-shaped end surface 522; a first connecting member accommodating cavity 523 is further provided above the protruding arc-shaped end surface 522; the diameter of the first connecting member accommodating cavity 523 is D1, and the diameter of the guide channel 521 is D2, where D1>D2;

[0094] The protruding arcuate end surface 522 is matched with the concave arcuate end surface 621 of the second connecting member 62 ; the surfaces of the protruding arcuate end surface 522 and the concave arcuate end surface 621 are both coated with rubber material.

[0095] Ordinary plane contacts will have tiny gaps, which will increase the risk of leakage, and when two planes are in contact with each other, they are easily affected by external pressure, resulting in higher local stress and causing damage to components. In contrast, the protruding arc end face 522 of the rubber material and the concave arc end face 621 of the rubber material of the present application have a larger contact area, and the rubber layer can fill the tiny gaps in the contact part due to its elasticity and compressibility, so that the sealing boundary formed during the connection is more continuous and complete, further improving the sealing performance. When subjected to external force, the arc surface contact can disperse the stress to a larger contact surface. At the same time, the rubber layer further alleviates the external force and adapts to a certain degree of deformation, thereby making the entire structure more stable and reducing damage.

[0096] Furthermore, a movable annular seat 53 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the movable rod 52;

[0097] A spring accommodating chamber 531 is formed between the inner wall surface of the movable annular seat 53 and the outer peripheral surface of the movable rod 52; an annular spring is installed inside the spring accommodating chamber 531; when the movable rod 52 is subjected to external pressure, the movable annular seat 53 moves downward and compresses the spring, so that the conical end 541 of the first connecting member 54 is inserted into the conical groove 6222 of the second connecting member 62, and the guide channel 521, the central connecting hole 542, and the tapered connecting hole 622 form a connected state; the spring absorbs part of the impact force in this process to prevent the movable annular seat 53 from directly falling and impacting the connecting valve seat 51 when it moves downward and causing damage. When replacement or maintenance is required, the spring releases energy, pushes the movable annular seat 53 upward, causes the movable rod 52 to move upward, disconnects the first connecting member 54 from the second connecting member 62, and then disconnects the fluid.

[0098] The bottom of the movable annular seat 53 has an outwardly protruding annular protrusion 532; the annular protrusion 532 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the connecting valve seat 51, and is used to further support the movable rod 52, stabilize the movement trajectory of the movable rod 52, and prevent the movable rod 52 from generating lateral displacement or swinging during the movement, thereby reducing the wear of the movable rod 52 and the connecting valve seat 51 during the movement, and ensuring its normal operation.

[0099] Furthermore, the center positions connecting the upper and lower ends of the valve seat 51 are both provided with through holes for the movable rod 52 to extend out;

[0100] The height between the inner walls of the upper and lower ends of the connecting valve seat 51 is H1; the height of the movable annular seat 53 is H2; H1>H2;

[0101] The connection valve seat 51 , the movable rod 52 and the movable annular seat 53 are arranged in such a manner that the movable rod 52 and the movable annular seat 53 are allowed to move up and down within a certain range inside the connection valve seat 51 .

[0102] The movement of the movable rod 52 in the connecting valve seat 51 is regulated by a hydraulic system (the hydraulic system is not shown in the figure), and the hydraulic system includes a pump for regulating the fluid pressure contained in the connecting valve seat 51; when the pump is started, pressure will be generated in the connecting valve seat 51, pushing the movable rod 52 to the stepped hole connecting column 61 at the upper end of the fluid mixing chamber 6, so that the conical end 541 of the first connecting member 54 is inserted into the inner wall of the conical groove 6222 of the second connecting member 62; after entering the guide channel 521, the high-pressure fluid passes through the central connecting hole 542 of the first connecting member 54 and the tapered connecting hole 622 of the second connecting member 62 in sequence, and is guided out from the fluid outlet 6221 into the fluid mixing chamber 6. The basic components, connection methods, control methods, etc. of the hydraulic system have been widely used and confirmed in the prior art, all of which belong to the prior art and are not the focus of this application, so they will not be described in detail. For details, please refer to CN205446283U and CN109139627B.

[0103] Furthermore, the valve seat 51 and the stepped hole connecting column 61 are connected in a detachable manner, such as bolts, plugs, and snaps, to ensure that they are firmly connected and easy to disassemble.

[0104] Furthermore, the first connector 54 and the first connector accommodating cavity 523, as well as the second connector 62 and the second connector accommodating cavity 6111, are both detachably connected; threaded connection, snap-fit ​​connection, etc. can be selected for connection, fixing, and sealing according to actual needs. During long-term use, if the first connector 54 or the second connector 62 is damaged, it is only necessary to disassemble the affected connector and replace it with a new one. This simple operation allows maintenance and replacement work to be completed in a short time, so that production efficiency is not affected too much.

[0105] Furthermore, the laser generator 8 is located on the upper side of the laser cutting head 3 and is fixed; the laser generator 8 moves with the laser cutting head 3;

[0106] The optical path element 9 is embedded in the guide channel 521 of the movable rod 52 and is located on the upper side of the fluid inlet pipe 7; the optical path element 9 can be a reflector, an optical fiber, etc.

[0107] Furthermore, the laser generator 8 and the laser cutting head 3 are connected through an optical path element 9, and the optical path element 9 focuses the laser beam generated by the laser generator 8 to form a small spot on the surface of the workpiece to be cut for cutting. The connection, control and specific technical implementation between the various components in the laser system belong to the prior art and are not the focus of this application, so they will not be described in detail. For details, please refer to CN101765474B and CN1106721A.

[0108] Furthermore, the system for controlling laser cutting is provided by a specialized manufacturer Siemens, which can effectively connect and control the laser system, hydraulic system and other key components, and control the movement of the laser cutting head 3, the switch and power of the laser through G code programming, while combining PLC programming to achieve automation and safety functions. Therefore, the method of using the Siemens system to control laser cutting belongs to the prior art and is not the focus of this application, so it will not be described in detail.

[0109] Specific working method: the workpiece to be cut is placed at a suitable position on the workbench 4, and when the laser cutting head 3 moves to the surface of the workpiece to be cut; the hydraulic system is started to drive the movable rod 52 to drive the movable annular seat 53 thereon to move downward, and the conical end 541 at the lower end of the first connecting member 54 is pushed to insert into the inner wall of the conical groove 6222 at the upper end of the second connecting member 62. At the same time, the protruding arc end face 522 at the bottom of the movable rod 52 abuts against and seals the concave arc end face 621 at the upper end of the second connecting member 62, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, the guide channel 521, the central communication hole 542, and the tapered communication hole 622 form a communication state.

[0110] Turn on the laser system, the laser generator 8 focuses the laser beam onto the workpiece through the optical path element 9, and at the same time introduces high-pressure fluid through the fluid inlet tube 7, the fluid enters the guide channel 521, passes through the central connecting hole 542, and reaches the tapered connecting hole 622; when the fluid passes through the tapered connecting hole 622, the cross-sectional area gradually decreases and the flow rate increases, so that the fluid is more concentratedly ejected from the fluid outlet 6221 into the fluid mixing chamber 6; the fluid passes through the early mixing deceleration zone 66, and then enters the late mixing acceleration zone 65, and is ejected from the cutting nozzle to form a jet stream; at the same time, the laser beam penetrates the guide channel 521 and the fluid mixing chamber 6 under the action of the optical path element 9, and is finally wrapped by the high-pressure fluid jet stream, ejected through the cutting nozzle and focused on the surface to be cut of the workpiece.

[0111] During the mixing process, the fluids in the spiral mixing blade 63 and the central mixing flow channel 64 will have different flow rates and constantly exchange positions, increasing the mixing effect of each part of the fluid; and when the fluid passes through the late mixing acceleration zone 65, the cross-sectional area gradually decreases, forcing the fluid to accelerate; the accelerating spiral mixing blade extension 6311 limits the lateral fluctuation of the fluid, further guiding the fluid to concentrate and wrap the laser beam to flow toward the cutting nozzle. The spiral mixing blade 63 guides the fluid to form a uniform and stable jet flow, further ensuring that the laser beam is accurately wrapped by the high-pressure fluid, thereby achieving more efficient laser cutting.

[0112] When it is necessary to replace the internal parts of the laser cutting head 3, disconnect the laser system, hydraulic system and high-pressure fluid, and the spring pushes the movable rod 52 to move the movable annular seat 53 upward, so that the conical end 541 at the lower end of the first connecting member 54 leaves the conical groove 6222 at the upper end of the second connecting member 62, and the central connecting hole 542 and the tapered connecting hole 622 are in a separated state, and the fluid is disconnected and stops spraying; the connection valve seat 51 and the stepped hole connecting column 61 are disconnected and then replaced. In this way, there is no need to operate in high-pressure fluid, which reduces fluid leakage and waste caused by unsealed pipelines, reduces the damage to operators caused by high-pressure fluid spray, reduces the difficulty of operation, and thus reduces the dependence on professional technicians.

[0113] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device, comprising: A main frame (1), a support frame (2) located above the main frame (1), a laser cutting head (3), a workbench (4), a laser generator (8), and an optical path element (9); the laser cutting head (3) is movably provided on the support frame (2); the workbench (4) is provided below the laser cutting head (3) and is located on the inner side of the main frame (1); the characteristics are: The laser cutting head (3) comprises: a quick connection component (5), a fluid mixing chamber (6), and a fluid inlet pipe (7) arranged on the quick connection component (5); The quick connection assembly (5) is arranged at the upper part of the fluid mixing chamber (6), and comprises: a hollow cylindrical connection valve seat (51), a movable rod (52) having a guide channel (521) and a protruding arc-shaped end surface (522), a movable annular seat (53) accommodated in the connection valve seat (51), and a first connection piece (54) accommodated in the movable rod (52) and having a conical end (541); The fluid mixing chamber (6) comprises: a stepped hole connecting column (61), a second connecting piece (62), a spiral mixing blade (63), a central mixing flow channel (64), a late mixing acceleration zone (65), and an early mixing deceleration zone (66); The lower end of the fluid mixing chamber (6) is a tapered tubular structure that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; the inner area of ​​the lower end of the fluid mixing chamber (6) is the late mixing acceleration zone (65); The upper end of the fluid mixing chamber (6) is in the shape of a circular tube; the inner area of ​​the upper end of the fluid mixing chamber (6) is the early mixing and deceleration zone (66); The late mixing acceleration zone (65) is connected to the early mixing deceleration zone (66); A stepped hole connecting column (61) capable of accommodating a second connecting member (62) is provided downwardly from the upper end of the fluid mixing chamber (6); the stepped hole connecting column (61) is detachably connected to the quick connecting assembly (5); A plurality of spiral mixing blades (63) are arranged in an annular manner on the inner wall surface of the fluid mixing chamber (6); The radial width of the spiral mixing blade (63) is L, the inner radius of the fluid mixing chamber (6) is R, and L=(1 / 3~1 / 2)R; the area in the middle of the fluid mixing chamber (6) not occupied by the spiral mixing blade (63) forms a central mixing flow channel (64); The main body of the spiral mixing blade (63) is made of rubber material, and its outer surface is covered with wear-resistant material; The spiral mixing blade (63) comprises: an accelerating spiral mixing blade (631), a first decelerating spiral mixing blade (632), and a second decelerating spiral mixing blade (633); An accelerating spiral mixing blade (631), a first decelerating spiral mixing blade (632), and a second decelerating spiral mixing blade (633), all of which start from the lower side of the stepped hole connecting column (61) and extend in the direction of fluid flow; The accelerating spiral mixing blade (631) extends to the outlet of the late mixing acceleration zone (65), forming an accelerating spiral mixing blade extension portion (6311) in the late mixing acceleration zone (65); The first deceleration spiral mixing blade (632) and the second deceleration spiral mixing blade (633) have completely the same structure; and both extend to the entrance of the late mixing acceleration zone (65); A longitudinal stepped through hole (611) is provided at the center of the stepped hole connecting column (61), the lower aperture of the longitudinal stepped through hole (611) being smaller than the upper aperture, wherein the lower small aperture portion is a second connecting member accommodating chamber (6111) for accommodating the second connecting member (62); The height of the second connecting member (62) is greater than the height of the second connecting member accommodating cavity (6111); The second connecting member (62) is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and comprises: an inwardly concave arc-shaped end surface (621) and a gradually tapering connecting hole (622); The upper end portion of the second connecting member (62) is an inwardly concave arc-shaped end surface (621); A tapered connecting hole (622) is longitudinally provided at the center of the second connecting piece (62); The diameter of the tapered connecting hole (622) gradually decreases along the direction in which the fluid flows; the bottom of the tapered connecting hole (622) is a fluid outlet (6221); The top of the tapered connecting hole (622) is a tapered groove (6222); the top diameter of the tapered groove (6222) is D3, the bottom diameter of the tapered groove (6222) is D4, the diameter of the fluid outlet (6221) is D5, and D3>D4>D5.

2. A laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting member (54) comprises: a conical end (541) and a central communication hole (542); A central communication hole (542) is provided inside the first connecting member (54); the bottom of the first connecting member (54) is a conical end (541) which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom; the conical end (541) extends downward to the outside of the movable rod (52), and the conical end (541) is adapted to the conical groove (6222) of the second connecting member (62); After the first connecting member (54) is inserted into the movable rod (52) for sealing connection, the central communication hole (542) and the guide channel (521) are in a communicating state.

3. A laser cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable rod (52) passes through both ends of the connecting valve seat (51) and extends to the outside of the connecting valve seat (51); A guide channel (521) is provided longitudinally through the center of the movable rod (52) for allowing a fluid or a laser beam to pass through; An optical path element (9) is disposed at the upper end of the movable rod (52); and a fluid inlet pipe (7) is also disposed on the side of the movable rod (52) at the end; The lower end of the movable rod (52) is a protruding arc-shaped end surface (522); a first connecting piece accommodating cavity (523) is provided above the protruding arc-shaped end surface (522); the diameter of the first connecting piece accommodating cavity (523) is D1, the diameter of the guide channel (521) is D2, and D1>D2; The protruding arc-shaped end surface (522) is matched with the concave arc-shaped end surface (621) of the second connecting member (62); and the surfaces of the protruding arc-shaped end surface (522) and the concave arc-shaped end surface (621) are both coated with rubber material.

4. A laser cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the movable rod (52) is provided with a movable annular seat (53); A spring accommodating chamber (531) is formed between the inner wall surface of the movable annular seat (53) and the outer peripheral surface of the movable rod (52); an annular spring is installed inside the spring accommodating chamber (531); The bottom of the movable annular seat (53) has an annular protrusion (532) protruding outward; the annular protrusion (532) is in contact with the inner wall surface of the connecting valve seat (51).

5. A laser cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The center positions of the upper and lower ends of the connecting valve seat (51) are both provided with through holes for the movable rod (52) to extend out; The height between the inner walls at the upper and lower ends of the connecting valve seat (51) is H1; the height of the movable annular seat (53) is H2; H1>H2.

6. A laser cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting valve seat (51) and the stepped hole connecting column (61) are connected in a detachable manner; The first connecting piece (54) and the first connecting piece accommodating cavity (523), as well as the second connecting piece (62) and the second connecting piece accommodating cavity (6111), are both connected in a detachable manner.

7. A laser cutting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The laser generator (8) is located on the upper side of the laser cutting head (3) and is fixed; the laser generator (8) moves together with the laser cutting head (3); The optical path element (9) is embedded in the guide channel (521) of the movable rod (52) and is located on the upper side of the fluid inlet tube (7).

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