On-site hole enlarging device and hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and discloses an on-site reaming device and reaming method for outdoor geological exploration. The device includes a drilling assembly, the drilling assembly includes a drill frame, the drill frame is provided with a drill rod, one end of the drill rod is provided with a reaming assembly, and one side of the drill frame is provided with a limit adjustment assembly, the limit adjustment assembly includes a limit frame, the inner wall surface of the limit frame is provided with a second hydraulic rod, the end of the second hydraulic rod away from the limit frame is provided with a fixed plate, sleeves are provided at the four corners of the surface of the fixed plate, the end of the sleeve away from the fixed plate is provided with a movable column, and the end of the movable column away from the sleeve is provided with a limit block. The present invention realizes directional reaming through the mutual cooperation of the drilling assembly and the reaming assembly. During the reaming process, the drill rod is limit-adjusted by the limit adjustment assembly to prevent the drill rod from tilting and affecting the reaming accuracy, thereby improving the reaming quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geological exploration, and in particular relates to an on-site hole enlarging device and a hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration. Background Art

[0002] Geological exploration is a survey and research activity that uses various methods to survey and detect geology, determine the appropriate bearing layer, determine the foundation type based on the bearing capacity of the bearing layer, and calculate the foundation parameters. During geological exploration and research activities, in order to facilitate the actual exploration situation in geological exploration, some existing holes need to be enlarged to facilitate geological surveys. Among them, when the survey equipment is larger than the diameter of the opened survey hole, the survey hole needs to be enlarged so that the survey equipment can be placed in the survey hole for surveying.

[0003] For example, a geological reaming device is disclosed in Chinese patent application number 2024102016474, which includes a support-driven sliding device, a positioning guide umbrella-shaped support member, a positioning support main shaft and a geological reaming drill bit. The device vertically erects the positioning support main shaft through the proposed support-driven sliding device and the positioning guide umbrella-shaped support member, ensuring that the geological reaming drill bit can move up and down and impact in the vertical direction of the positioning support main shaft, so that the geological reaming drill bit falls and impacts under its own gravity, avoiding the situation where the impact efficiency is affected by the friction of the reaming drill bit on the positioning support main shaft, and with the assistance of the positioning support main shaft, ensures that the center of the reaming drill bit component is consistent with the center of the positioning support main shaft, ensuring the accuracy of the reaming position. However, the drill rod will vibrate during the reaming process, causing the reaming to deviate.

[0004] Based on the above scheme, the drill rod is prone to vibration during the hole expansion operation, and excessive vibration can easily affect the hole expansion accuracy. Since the drill rod has a certain degree of flexibility and the drill rod vibrates during drilling, the drilling position of the drill rod is deviated, affecting the accuracy of hole expansion; due to the uneven hardness of the geological rock formation, the reaming blade on the reaming frame is unevenly stressed during hole expansion, resulting in hole expansion deviation; when the drill rod torque is too large, it will cause the drill rod to break, affecting the hole expansion progress. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides an on-site hole enlarging device and hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an on-site reaming device for outdoor geological exploration, comprising a drilling assembly, the drilling assembly comprising a drill frame, a drill rod provided on the drill frame, a reaming assembly provided at one end of the drill rod, and a limit adjustment assembly provided on one side of the drill frame;

[0007] The limit adjustment assembly includes a limit frame, a second hydraulic rod is provided on the inner wall surface of the limit frame, a fixed plate is provided on the end of the second hydraulic rod away from the limit frame, sleeves are provided at the four corners of the surface of the fixed plate, a movable column is provided on the end of the sleeve away from the fixed plate, and a limit block is provided on the end of the movable column away from the sleeve;

[0008] The reaming assembly includes a reamer body, a reaming frame is provided below the reamer body, a reaming blade is provided on the surface of the reaming frame, and a connector is provided at one end of the reamer body away from the reaming frame;

[0009] Pressure sensors are provided on the reaming blade and the limiting block.

[0010] Preferably, a buffer spring is provided at one end of the movable column close to the sleeve, the movable column is connected to the sleeve via the buffer spring, and a limiting groove is provided at the position where the movable column and the sleeve are connected.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing seat is provided on the surface of the connecting head, a rotation groove is provided at the position where the connecting head and the fixing seat are connected, a first hydraulic rod is provided on the surface of the fixing seat, and an annular block is provided at one end of the first hydraulic rod away from the fixing seat.

[0012] Preferably, a roller drill bit is provided on the reamer body, and there are multiple roller drill bits, and the multiple roller drill bits are arranged in a ring shape on the surface of the reamer body.

[0013] Preferably, there are four second hydraulic rods, and the four second hydraulic rods are arranged on the limit frame at equal intervals. There are four limit blocks, and the four limit blocks are arranged in a ring shape on the outer surface of the drill rod.

[0014] Preferably, an elastic pad is provided on the surface of the limit block, the elastic pad is arc-shaped, and the elastic pad is adapted to the drill rod.

[0015] Preferably, support seats are provided at both ends of the limiting frame, the limiting frame is fixedly connected to the support seats by bolts, and the bottom surface of the support seats is connected to the drill frame.

[0016] Preferably, a slide is provided inside the drill rig, a drive motor is provided on the side of the slide away from the drill rig, a mounting seat is provided at one end of the output shaft of the drive motor, the end of the mounting seat away from the drive motor is connected to the drill rod, and the end of the drill rod away from the mounting seat is connected to the connector.

[0017] Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder is provided below the slide, one end of the hydraulic cylinder away from the slide is connected to the drill frame, and a slide groove is provided at the position where the slide is connected to the drill frame.

[0018] A hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration, the specific hole enlarging method steps are as follows:

[0019] S1: First, install the reaming assembly on the drilling assembly, and connect and fix the reamer body to the drill pipe through the connector;

[0020] S2: The drill rod is then adjusted and limited by the limit adjustment assembly to prevent the drill rod from deviating during reaming and affecting the reaming accuracy of the reaming assembly;

[0021] S3: Finally, under the action of the drilling assembly, the reaming assembly is used to reame the hole, thereby meeting the operational requirements of outdoor geological exploration.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention limits and buffers the drill rod by cooperating with a sleeve, a buffer spring, a movable column and a limit block, thereby preventing the drill rod from vibrating too much and affecting the reaming accuracy during the reaming process. At the same time, the position of the limit block is adjusted by the second hydraulic rod, thereby adjusting the vibration reduction effect on the drill rod.

[0024] 2. The present invention can determine the offset of the drill rod by calculating and comparing the difference between the initial value and the detection value of the upper limit block at a certain position. According to the inclination direction of the drill rod, the controller controls the extension of the second hydraulic rod, thereby applying a thrust to the outer surface of the drill rod. At this time, the thrust direction is opposite to the inclination direction of the drill rod, thereby realizing correction of the drill rod.

[0025] 3. The present invention detects the pressure exerted on the reaming blade during reaming and cutting the rock formation through a pressure sensor, judges the hardness of the rock formation at different positions by comparing the pressure on multiple reaming blades at the same time, and adjusts the state of the drill rod through a second hydraulic rod. Under the action of the drill rod, the reaming blade increases the cutting pressure on the hard object, thereby improving the cutting speed and avoiding uneven force on the reaming blade during reaming, which leads to reaming deviation, thereby increasing the drill rod torque and affecting the reaming efficiency.

[0026] 4. The present invention detects through a pressure sensor that the pressure of the reaming blade exceeds a preset value, indicating that the torque of the drill rod is too large at this time. The reaming assembly and the limit adjustment assembly cooperate with each other to apply a certain force to the drill rod, so that the drill rod avoids hard objects and retracts the blade, avoiding breakage of the drill rod due to excessive torque. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0029] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the drilling assembly and the limit adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the hole expansion assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the hole expansion assembly structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the limit adjustment component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified view of point A;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a top view schematic diagram of the limit block structure of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Drilling assembly; 101. Drilling frame; 102. Hydraulic cylinder; 103. Slide; 104. Drive motor; 105. Mounting seat; 106. Drill rod; 2. Reaming assembly; 201. Reamer body; 202. Reaming frame; 203. Reaming blade; 204. Roller drill bit; 205. Connector; 206. Fixed seat; 207. First hydraulic rod; 208. Ring block; 3. Limit adjustment assembly; 301. Limit frame; 302. Second hydraulic rod; 303. Fixed plate; 304. Sleeve; 305. Movable column; 306. Limit block; 307. Elastic pad; 308. Support seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides an on-site reaming device for outdoor geological exploration, including a drilling assembly 1, the drilling assembly 1 including a drill rig 101, a drill rod 106 is provided on the drill rig 101, a reaming assembly 2 is provided at one end of the drill rod 106, and a limit adjustment assembly 3 is provided on one side of the drill rig 101.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, a slide 103 is provided inside the drill rig 101, a drive motor 104 is provided on the side of the slide 103 away from the drill rig 101, a mounting seat 105 is provided at one end of the output shaft of the drive motor 104, the end of the mounting seat 105 away from the drive motor 104 is connected to the drill rod 106, and the end of the drill rod 106 away from the mounting seat 105 is connected to the connector 205.

[0039] A hydraulic cylinder 102 is provided below the slide 103 . One end of the hydraulic cylinder 102 away from the slide 103 is connected to the drill rig 101 . A slide groove is provided at the position where the slide 103 and the drill rig 101 are connected.

[0040] During use, the drive motor 104 is turned on, and the drive motor 104 drives the mounting seat 105 and the drill rod 106 to rotate together. At the same time, the controller controls the hydraulic cylinder 102 to contract. During this process, the hydraulic cylinder 102 drives the slide 103 to move downward along the slide groove on the drill rack 101, so that the drill rod 106 drives the reaming assembly 2 to rotate and move downward together to achieve reaming.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the reaming assembly 2 includes a reamer body 201, a reaming frame 202 is provided below the reamer body 201, a reaming blade 203 is provided on the surface of the reamer frame 202, a connector 205 is provided at one end of the reamer body 201 away from the reaming frame 202, and a roller drill bit 204 is provided on the reamer body 201. There are multiple roller drill bits 204, and the multiple roller drill bits 204 are arranged in a ring on the surface of the reamer body 201.

[0042] During use, under the action of the drill rod 106, the reaming assembly 2 performs reaming operations. First, the underground rock formation is cut by the reaming blade 203 on the reaming frame 202 to achieve preliminary reaming. Then, on this basis, the secondary reaming is performed by the roller drill bit 204 to improve the flatness of the hole wall surface.

[0043] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the limit adjustment component 3 includes a limit frame 301, a second hydraulic rod 302 is provided on the inner wall surface of the limit frame 301, a fixed plate 303 is provided on the end of the second hydraulic rod 302 away from the limit frame 301, sleeves 304 are provided at the four corners of the surface of the fixed plate 303, a movable column 305 is provided on the end of the sleeve 304 away from the fixed plate 303, a buffer spring is provided on the end of the movable column 305 close to the sleeve 304, the movable column 305 is connected to the sleeve 304 through the buffer spring, a limit groove is provided at the position where the movable column 305 is connected to the sleeve 304, and a limit block 306 is provided on the end of the movable column 305 away from the sleeve 304.

[0044] There are four second hydraulic rods 302, and the four second hydraulic rods 302 are arranged at equal intervals on the limit frame 301. There are four limit blocks 306, and the four limit blocks 306 are arranged in a ring shape on the outer surface of the drill rod 106. The surface of the limit block 306 is provided with an elastic pad 307, and the elastic pad 307 is arc-shaped and adapted to the drill rod 106.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, support seats 308 are provided at both ends of the limiting frame 301 , the limiting frame 301 is fixedly connected to the support seats 308 by bolts, and the bottom surface of the support seats 308 is connected to the drill frame 101 .

[0046] During use, the controller controls the extension of the four second hydraulic rods 302 at the same time. During this process, the second hydraulic rods 302 push the fixed plate 303, the sleeve 304, the movable column 305 and the limit block 306 to move together in the direction close to the drill rod 106. At this time, the buffer spring is compressed, so that the limit block 306 limits the drill rod 106. The outer surface of the drill rod 106 is protected and buffered by setting the elastic pad 307, thereby reducing the damage to the drill rod 106 caused by the collision between the drill rod 106 and the limit block 306 due to vibration.

[0047] When in use, first install the reaming assembly 2 on the drilling assembly 1, that is, fix the drill rod 106 to the reamer body 201 through the connector 205. Since the drill rod 106 is prone to vibration during the reaming operation, excessive vibration can easily affect the reaming accuracy. In order to solve this problem, the controller simultaneously controls the extension of the four second hydraulic rods 302. During this process, the second hydraulic rods 302 push the fixed plate 303, sleeve 304, movable column 305 and limit block 306 together to move in the direction close to the drill rod 106. At this time, the buffer spring is compressed, so that the limit block 306 limits the drill rod 106, that is, the drill rod 106 vibrates. When the drill rod 106 is pressed against the limit block 306, under the action of the compression spring, the movable column 305 moves along the limit groove inside the sleeve 304. Through the cooperation of the compression spring, the sleeve 304 and the movable column 305, the limit block 306 elastically buffers the drill rod 106, reduces the vibration degree of the drill rod 106, improves the stability of the drill rod 106, thereby improving the accuracy of the hole expansion, and avoiding excessive vibration of the drill rod 106 affecting the hole expansion quality. At the same time, the outer surface of the drill rod 106 is protected and buffered by providing an elastic pad 307 to avoid damage to the drill rod 106 caused by collision with the limit block 306 due to vibration.

[0048] When reaming, the drive motor 104 is turned on, and the drive motor 104 drives the mounting seat 105 and the drill rod 106 to rotate together. At the same time, the controller controls the hydraulic cylinder 102 to contract. During this process, the hydraulic cylinder 102 drives the slide 103 to move downward along the slide groove on the drill frame 101, so that the drill rod 106 drives the reaming assembly 2 to rotate and move downward together, that is, under the action of the drill rod 106, the reaming assembly 2 performs the reaming operation. First, the reaming blade 203 on the reaming frame 202 is used to cut the underground rock formation to achieve preliminary reaming, and then on this basis, the secondary reaming is performed by the roller drill bit 204. Since there are only a plurality of cutting teeth on the roller drill bit 204, and the contact area between the cutting teeth and the hole wall is small, the surface flatness of the hole wall is improved.

[0049] During the above process, it was found that since the drill rod 106 has a certain degree of flexibility and the drill rod 106 vibrates during drilling, the drilling position of the drill rod 106 is deviated, affecting the accuracy of the hole expansion; due to the uneven hardness of the geological rock formation, the reaming blade 203 on the reaming frame 202 is unevenly stressed during hole expansion, resulting in hole expansion deviation; when the torque of the drill rod 106 is too large, the drill rod 106 will break, affecting the hole expansion progress.

[0050] In order to solve the above problems, the reaming device further includes:

[0051] Pressure sensors are provided on both the reaming blade 203 and the limit block 306. The pressure sensors are used to detect the pressure exerted on the reaming blade 203 during reaming and cutting the rock formation. The hardness of the rock formation at different positions is determined by comparing the pressures on multiple reaming blades 203. The pressure sensors are used to detect the pressure exerted on the drill rod 106 on the upper limit block 306 at different positions, thereby determining the degree of deviation of the drill rod 106.

[0052] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, a fixing seat 206 is provided on the surface of the connecting head 205, a rotation groove is provided at the position where the connecting head 205 and the fixing seat 206 are connected, a first hydraulic rod 207 is provided on the surface of the fixing seat 206, and an annular block 208 is provided at the end of the first hydraulic rod 207 away from the fixing seat 206.

[0053] During use, the controller controls the first hydraulic rod 207 to extend, and the first hydraulic rod 207 pushes the annular block 208 to move in a direction away from the fixing seat 206 .

[0054] During the hole enlarging process, it was found that since the drill rod 106 has a certain degree of flexibility and the drill rod 106 is prone to vibration during drilling, the drilling position of the drill rod 106 is deflected, affecting the accuracy of the hole enlarging. In order to solve this problem, in the initial state, the limit adjustment component 3 limits the drill rod 106 before enlarging the hole. At this time, the pressure value of the limit block 306 detected by the pressure sensor is recorded as the initial value. During the hole enlarging process, the pressure value of the limit block 306 detected by the pressure sensor is recorded as the detection value. By calculating and comparing the difference between the initial value and the detection value of the upper limit block 306 at a certain position, the deformation offset of the drill rod 106 can be determined, specifically:

[0055] When the difference between the initial value and the detection value of the limit block 306 at a certain position exceeds the standard range, and the differences between the initial value and the detection value of the four limit blocks 306 are not equal, for example (for details, please refer to Figure 8 ), when the detection value on the limit block 306 located on the right side of the limit frame 301 is the largest, and the detection value on the limit block 306 is greater than the initial value, it indicates that the right limit block 306 is subjected to the greatest pressure from the drill rod 106, and the drill rod 106 deviates to the right. The controller controls the second hydraulic rod 302 on the right to extend, and the second hydraulic rod 302 pushes the fixed plate 303, the sleeve 304, the movable column 305 and the limit block 306 to move together in the direction close to the drill rod 106. At this time, the buffer spring is compressed, and the limit block 306 and the elastic pad 307 apply thrust to the outer surface of the drill rod 106. At this time, the thrust direction is opposite to the tilt direction of the drill rod 106, thereby correcting the tilt of the drill rod 106.

[0056] Through the above operation, when the difference between the initial value and the detection value of the limit block 306 on the left is restored to the standard range, it indicates that the drill rod 106 is corrected. At this time, the controller controls the second hydraulic rod 302 on the right to return to the initial state.

[0057] When the difference between the initial value and the detection value of the limit block 306 is within the standard range, and the differences between the initial value and the detection value of the four limit blocks 306 are equal, it indicates that the drilling position of the drill rod 106 is not deflected and the operation is normal.

[0058] Due to the uneven hardness of geological rock formations, the reaming blades 203 on the reaming frame 202 are subjected to uneven force during reaming. The pressure applied by the reaming blades 203 during reaming and cutting the rock formation is detected by a pressure sensor. By comparing the pressures applied to multiple reaming blades 203 at the same time, the hardness of the rock formation at different locations can be determined. Specifically,

[0059] When the drill rod 106 is not deflected, if at a certain moment, the pressures on the multiple reaming blades 203 when reaming and cutting the rock formation are not equal, this indicates that the hardness of the rock formation is uneven. If the pressure on the reaming blade 203 at a certain position detected by the pressure sensor is the largest, it indicates that there is a hard object in that direction. For example (see Figure 8 ), if at a certain moment, the pressure of the reaming blade 203 on the right side is the largest as detected and calculated by the pressure sensor, it indicates that there is a hard object on the right side. The controller controls the second hydraulic rod 302 on the right side to extend, and the second hydraulic rod 302 pushes the fixed plate 303, the sleeve 304, the movable column 305 and the limit block 306 to move together in the direction close to the drill rod 106. At this time, the buffer spring is compressed, and the limit block 306 and the elastic pad 307 apply thrust to the outer surface of the drill rod 106. Under the action of the drill rod 106, the reaming blade 203 increases the cutting pressure on the hard object on the right side, increases the cutting speed, and avoids the reaming blade 203 from being subjected to uneven force during reaming, resulting in reaming deviation, thereby increasing the torque of the drill rod 106 and affecting the reaming efficiency.

[0060] During the above operation, it was found that when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor when the reaming blade 203 passed the right position exceeded the preset value, it indicated that the torque of the drill rod 106 was too large at this time, and the first hydraulic rod 207 on the right side of the fixed seat 206 was controlled by the controller to extend, and the first hydraulic rod 207 pushed the annular block 208 to move away from the fixed seat 206, so that the annular block 208 came into contact with the hole wall and applied a thrust to the hole wall. In this process, a leftward thrust was applied to the drill rod 106, and at the same time, the second hydraulic rod 302 on the right side was controlled by the controller to extend, and the second hydraulic rod 302 pushed the fixed plate 3 03. The sleeve 304, the movable column 305 and the limit block 306 move together toward the direction close to the drill rod 106. At this time, the buffer spring is compressed, and the limit block 306 and the elastic pad 307 apply a leftward thrust to the outer surface of the drill rod 106, so that the drill rod 106 drives the reaming assembly 2 to move to the left, and then the hydraulic cylinder 102 is controlled to extend by the controller. During this process, the hydraulic cylinder 102 drives the slide 103 to move upward along the slide groove on the drill rack 101, so that the drill rod 106 drives the reaming assembly 2 to move upward together, so that the reaming assembly 2 is retracted to avoid the drill rod 106 from breaking due to excessive torque.

[0061] Then, the controller controls the first hydraulic rod 207 on the reaming assembly 2 to return to its initial position, and controls the second hydraulic rod 302 on the limit adjustment assembly 3 to return to its initial position, and then the reaming operation is resumed.

[0062] It is worth noting that, in the initial state, there is a movable space between the annular block 208 and the hole wall after the hole is expanded, and the annular block 208 is not in contact with the hole wall.

[0063] A hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration, the specific hole enlarging method steps are as follows:

[0064] S1: First, install the reaming assembly 2 on the drilling assembly 1, so that the reamer body 201 is connected and fixed to the drill pipe 106 through the connector 205;

[0065] S2: The drill rod 106 is then adjusted and limited by the limit adjustment assembly 3 to prevent the drill rod 106 from deviating during reaming and affecting the reaming accuracy of the reaming assembly 2;

[0066] S3: Finally, under the action of the drilling assembly 1, the reaming assembly 2 is used to reame the hole, thereby meeting the operational requirements of outdoor geological exploration.

[0067] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0068] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A field hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration, wherein the hole enlarging method is implemented using a hole enlarging device, and is characterized by: The reaming device includes a drilling assembly, the drilling assembly includes a drill frame, a drill rod is provided on the drill frame, a reaming assembly is provided at one end of the drill rod, and a limit adjustment assembly is provided on one side of the drill frame; The limit adjustment assembly includes a limit frame, a second hydraulic rod is provided on the inner wall surface of the limit frame, a fixed plate is provided at the end of the second hydraulic rod away from the limit frame, sleeves are provided at the four corners of the surface of the fixed plate, a movable column is provided at the end of the sleeve away from the fixed plate, and a limit block is provided at the end of the movable column away from the sleeve; The reaming assembly includes a reamer body, a reaming frame is provided below the reamer body, a reaming blade is provided on the surface of the reaming frame, and a connector is provided at one end of the reamer body away from the reaming frame; Pressure sensors are provided on both the reaming blade and the limit block; A buffer spring is provided at one end of the movable column close to the sleeve, and the movable column is connected to the sleeve through the buffer spring. A limiting groove is provided at the position where the movable column and the sleeve are connected; A fixing seat is provided on the surface of the connector, a rotation groove is provided at the position where the connector and the fixing seat are connected, a first hydraulic rod is provided on the surface of the fixing seat, and an annular block is provided at one end of the first hydraulic rod away from the fixing seat; When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor exceeds a preset value when the reaming blade passes the right position, the controller controls the first hydraulic rod on the right side of the fixed seat to extend, and the first hydraulic rod pushes the annular block to move in the direction away from the fixed seat, so that the annular block contacts the hole wall and applies a thrust to the hole wall, and applies a left thrust to the drill rod. At the same time, the controller controls the second hydraulic rod on the right side to extend, and the second hydraulic rod pushes the fixed plate, sleeve, movable column and limit block together to move in the direction close to the drill rod. The buffer spring is compressed, and the limit block and the elastic pad apply a left thrust to the outer surface of the drill rod, so that the drill rod drives the reaming assembly to move to the left. The hydraulic cylinder is controlled to extend by the controller, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the slide to move upward along the slide groove on the drill rack, so that the drill rod drives the reaming assembly to move upward together, and the reaming assembly is retracted; The reamer body is provided with a roller drill bit, and the number of the roller drill bits is multiple, and the multiple roller drill bits are arranged in a ring shape on the surface of the reamer body; There are four second hydraulic rods, and the four second hydraulic rods are arranged on the limit frame at equal intervals. There are four limit blocks, and the four limit blocks are arranged in a ring shape on the outer surface of the drill rod. The steps of the hole enlarging method are as follows: S1: First, install the reaming assembly on the drilling assembly, and connect and fix the reamer body to the drill pipe through the connector; S2: The drill rod is then adjusted and limited by the limit adjustment assembly to prevent the drill rod from deviating during reaming and affecting the reaming accuracy of the reaming assembly; S3: Finally, under the action of the drilling assembly, the reaming assembly is used to reame the hole, thereby meeting the operational requirements of outdoor geological exploration.

2. The on-site hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic pad is arranged on the surface of the limit block. The elastic pad is arc-shaped and is adapted to the drill rod.

3. The on-site hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: Support seats are provided at both ends of the limit frame. The limit frame is fixedly connected to the support seats by bolts, and the bottom surface of the support seats is connected to the drill frame.

4. The on-site hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide is provided inside the drill rig, a drive motor is provided on the side of the slide away from the drill rig, a mounting seat is provided at one end of the output shaft of the drive motor, the end of the mounting seat away from the drive motor is connected to the drill rod, and the end of the drill rod away from the mounting seat is connected to the connector.

5. The on-site hole enlarging method for outdoor geological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder is provided below the slide, and one end of the hydraulic cylinder away from the slide is connected to the drill frame. A slide groove is provided at the position where the slide is connected to the drill frame.

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