A method, device and system for quickly locating cable faults

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, device and system for quickly locating cable faults, which relates to the field of cable fault locating, and includes a base, a bearing platform and a soundproofing board, wherein the soundproofing board is fixedly mounted on the top of the bearing platform, the base is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bearing platform, and support wheels are fixedly mounted on both ends of the bearing platform. The present invention applies a high-voltage shock to the cable, and allows the monitoring board to continuously monitor the sound inside the cable to determine whether the cable is faulty, and at the same time, the fault location is determined by calculating the monitored time, which provides assistance for subsequent maintenance work. While determining whether the cable is faulty, the fault location can also be quickly determined, and the interference of the surrounding environment on the detection results can be avoided by the sound monitoring method. At the same time, the repeated detection method can also improve the accuracy of the results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable fault location, and in particular to a method, device and system for quickly locating cable faults. Background Art

[0002] Cable fault location refers to the process of accurately locating and eliminating cable faults in power systems. As an important part of power transmission, the safety and stability of cables are crucial to the normal operation of power systems. However, due to various reasons, such as insulation aging, electromagnetic interference, mechanical damage, etc., cables may suffer from short circuits, ground faults or broken wires. If these faults are not repaired in time, they will have a serious impact on the stable operation of the power system.

[0003] For example, in the Chinese patent "A device and method for quickly locating a cable fault point" with announcement number CN115032509B, the locating method includes the following steps: pre-locating long-distance cable faults, measuring the distance to the cable fault point, finding the cable path, and accurately locating the fault position; and a corresponding positioning device is proposed, including multiple energy storage units and brackets, the multiple energy storage units are stacked on each other, and the brackets are arranged on the outside of the multiple energy storage units and fit with the multiple energy storage units.

[0004] However, in the prior art, the fault location locating device of the cable is inconvenient to contact with the cable during use, and is easily affected by the external environment and the operator's experience during use. There are many uncontrollable factors in the external environment, and the temperature and humidity will affect the normal use of the detection device. Moreover, this device cannot accurately locate the fault location, and can usually only determine the fault area within a larger range, and cannot provide more help for maintenance work. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device and system for quickly locating cable faults to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that temperature and humidity will affect the normal use of the detection device, and such a device cannot accurately locate the fault site.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method, device and system for quickly locating cable faults, comprising a base, a bearing platform and a sound insulation board, wherein the sound insulation board is fixedly mounted on the top of the bearing platform, the base is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bearing platform, support wheels are fixedly mounted on both ends of the bearing platform, a detection component is movably mounted inside the bearing platform, and a guide slide groove is provided on the top of the bearing platform;

[0007] The detection assembly includes a listening plate, a driven gear is fixedly connected to the bottom of the listening plate, a sector gear is meshedly connected to one side of the driven gear, a slider is rotatably connected to the bottom of the sector gear, the driven gear is rotatably installed on the top of the slider, a limit block is fixedly installed on the bottom of the slider, a second rotating rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the limit block, the other end of the second rotating rod is rotatably connected to the first rotating rod, a reduction motor is fixedly installed inside the base, and the output end of the reduction motor is fixedly connected to the other end of the first rotating rod.

[0008] Preferably, a belt transmission assembly is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first rotating rod, another pulley of the belt transmission assembly is fixedly connected to the second rotating rod, and the second rotating rod is located above the first rotating rod.

[0009] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly installed inside the carrying platform, a support frame is fixedly installed on the bottom of the guide plate, the support frame is fixedly connected to the base, a positioning block is fixedly installed at the midpoint of the support frame, and the junction of the first rotating rod and the reduction motor is rotatably installed inside the positioning block.

[0010] Preferably, the slider is overlapped on the top of the guide plate, a second blocking rod is fixedly installed on the top of the guide plate, the limit block is slidably connected to the inside of the guide plate, a trapezoidal groove is provided at the junction of the guide plate and the limit block, and a strip hole is provided at the junction of the guide plate and the limit block.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sector gear, an extension plate is fixedly installed at the edge of the sector gear, a first blocking rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the slider, the extension plate is located between the two first blocking rods, a movable block is rotatably installed at one end of the slider, a connecting rod is slidably connected inside the movable block, a docking rod is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod, and the docking rod is rotatably installed inside the connecting block.

[0012] Preferably, a cavity is provided at the junction of the connecting block and the docking rod, a limiting ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting rod, a tension spring is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting ring, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the movable block.

[0013] A method for quickly locating a cable fault comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. Place the cables to be tested on two supporting wheels, then start the testing assembly. The reduction motor drives the first rotating rod. During the rotation of the first rotating rod, the second rotating rod is pushed synchronously to change the angle and position of the second rotating rod, thereby achieving the purpose of initially driving the slider.

[0015] S2. During the movement of the slider, the first rotating rod also drives the second rotating rod through the belt transmission assembly, and the rotation of the second rotating rod can push the slider to move along the direction of the strip hole through the limit block;

[0016] S3, when the slider moves to the end of the guide plate, the first rotating rod just rotates half a circle, the extension plate will be blocked by the second blocking rod and rotate, the extension plate drives the sector gear through the connecting block to achieve the purpose of pushing the driven gear, causing the driven gear to rotate half a circle, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the direction of the monitoring plate;

[0017] S4. The first rotating rod continues to rotate to pull the slider from one end of the guide plate to the other end, and as the first rotating rod continues to rotate, the slider will also move back and forth, and when turning its direction, it will also change its own direction, and the cable will be repeatedly monitored in all directions.

[0018] A rapid positioning system for cable faults, comprising a power-on module, a sound receiving module, an information processing module and a fault area positioning module;

[0019] The power-on module is used to power the cable, and by applying a high voltage shock to the cable, a discharge phenomenon occurs at the fault point, thereby forming mechanical vibration and discharge sound;

[0020] The sound receiving module is installed in the monitoring board and is used to receive the sound generated by mechanical vibration and discharge sound;

[0021] The information processing module is used to process various sounds received by the sound receiving module and determine whether the cable is faulty based on the sounds;

[0022] The fault area locating module is used to locate the fault part according to the information sent by the information processing module.

[0023] The information processing module includes an audio preprocessing module, a feature extraction module, a comparison algorithm module and a result output module;

[0024] The audio preprocessing module is used to remove background noise and cut long audio into short clips;

[0025] The feature extraction module is used to select audio features, including but not limited to Mel frequency cepstral coefficients, pitch and volume, extract these features from the audio, and generate a feature vector;

[0026] The comparison algorithm module is used to implement different similarity calculation methods, including but not limited to Euclidean distance, cosine similarity, and use a learning model to perform sound comparison;

[0027] The result output module is used to output the comparison results, including matching degree and similarity score.

[0028] Preferably, the fault area positioning module includes a signal processing module, a time difference calculation module and a position calculation module;

[0029] The signal processing module is used to process and analyze the results obtained from the result output module;

[0030] The time difference calculation module is used to calculate the area of ​​the sound source according to the time difference between the first time the sound is detected and the second time the sound is detected by the sound receiving module;

[0031] The position calculation module is used to calculate the specific position of the sound source according to triangulation and positioning algorithms.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. In the present invention, the operation of the reduction motor will push the second rotating rod through the first rotating rod, and will also drive the second rotating rod through the belt transmission assembly, so as to achieve the purpose of pushing the slider to move back and forth along the direction of the guide plate. During the movement, a high-voltage shock is also applied to the cable simultaneously, so that the monitoring board continuously monitors the sound inside the cable to determine whether the cable has a fault. At the same time, the fault location is determined by calculating the monitored time, which provides assistance for subsequent maintenance work. While judging whether the cable has a fault, the fault location can also be quickly determined. The sound monitoring method is used to avoid the interference of the surrounding environment on the detection result. At the same time, the repeated detection method can also improve the accuracy of the result.

[0034] 2. In the present invention, the sector gear is meshed and connected with the driven gear. During use, the sector gear can change the direction of the monitoring board by pushing the driven gear, and perform secondary detection of the cable from different directions. The slider will continue to drive the monitoring board, and gradually approach the fault point by moving the position of the monitoring board until the position with the loudest sound is found, which is the precise position of the fault point. This can improve the accuracy of the detection results and reduce the possibility of misdetection and missed detection. In addition, each change in the direction of the monitoring board is a fixed value, ensuring that the monitoring board can always be aligned with the cable.

[0035] 3. In the present invention, by receiving the sound generated by mechanical vibration and discharge sound, and extracting the important features of these sounds, and comparing them with the sounds in the database, it is possible to determine whether the cable is faulty, and by calculating the changes in volume and tone to assist in determining the fault area, thereby improving the positioning accuracy, and the time difference is calculated to completely determine the location of the fault. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a device for quickly locating cable faults according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a front view of a device for quickly locating cable faults according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A top view of a device for quickly locating cable faults according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a slider of a device for quickly locating cable faults according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection and structure of a sector gear and a driven gear of a device for quickly locating cable faults according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the middle;

[0042] Figure 7 A side view of a detection component of a device for quickly locating cable faults according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 The present invention is a block diagram of a system for quickly locating cable faults.

[0044] In the figure: 1. base; 2. bearing platform; 3. sound insulation board; 4. guide slide; 5. detection component; 6. support wheel; 7. reduction motor; 8. power module; 9. sound receiving module; 10. information processing module; 11. fault area positioning module; 12. audio preprocessing module; 13. feature extraction module; 14. comparison algorithm module; 15. result output module; 16. signal processing module; 17. time difference calculation module; 18. position calculation module; 51. guide plate; 52. support frame Frame; 53, positioning block; 54, listening plate; 55, slider; 56, second rotating rod; 57, belt transmission assembly; 58, trapezoidal groove; 59, sector gear; 510, second blocking rod; 511, strip hole; 512, movable block; 513, first blocking rod; 514, connecting block; 515, cavity; 516, extension plate; 517, first rotating rod; 518, limit block; 519, driven gear; 520, docking rod; 521, connecting rod; 522, limit ring; 523, tension spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown: a rapid positioning device for cable faults, comprising a base 1, a bearing platform 2 and a sound insulation board 3, wherein the sound insulation board 3 is fixedly mounted on the top of the bearing platform 2, the base 1 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bearing platform 2, support wheels 6 are fixedly mounted on both ends of the bearing platform 2, a detection component 5 is movably mounted inside the bearing platform 2, and a guide slot 4 is provided on the top of the bearing platform 2;

[0047] The detection component 5 includes a listening plate 54, a driven gear 519 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the listening plate 54, a sector gear 59 is meshedly connected to one side of the driven gear 519, a slider 55 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the slider 55, the driven gear 519 is rotatably installed on the top of the slider 55, a limit block 518 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the slider 55, a second rotating rod 56 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the limit block 518, and the other end of the second rotating rod 56 is rotatably connected to the first rotating rod 517, a reduction motor 7 is fixedly installed inside the base 1, an output end of the reduction motor 7 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first rotating rod 517, a belt transmission assembly 57 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first rotating rod 517, another pulley of the belt transmission assembly 57 is fixedly connected to the second rotating rod 56, and the second rotating rod 56 is located above the first rotating rod 517.

[0048] In this embodiment, the base 1 is used to support the entire bearing platform 2. A curved sound insulation board 3 is provided on the top of the bearing platform 2 to isolate external sounds. When in use, the cable is placed on the bearing platform 2, and the cable is supported by the support wheel 6. A high voltage shock is applied to the cable to generate a discharge phenomenon at the fault point, thereby forming mechanical vibration and discharge sound, and at the same time, the detection component 5 is started for detection;

[0049] The reduction motor 7 drives the first rotating rod 517, and uses the first rotating rod 517 to change the position of one end of the second rotating rod 56. In this process, the first rotating rod 517 also drives the second rotating rod 56 through the belt transmission assembly 57, so that the second rotating rod 56 rotates synchronously during the movement, so as to achieve the purpose of pushing the slider 55 to the end of the carrying platform 2;

[0050] During the movement of the slider 55, the monitoring plate 54 will be driven synchronously. During the movement of the monitoring plate 54, the sound inside the cable will be monitored. The slider 55 is rotatably connected to the second rotating rod 56 through the limit block 518 at the bottom, and a guide groove 4 is also provided on the top of the supporting platform 2 to determine the moving route of the monitoring plate 54.

[0051] Embodiment 2: According to Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a guide plate 51 is fixedly installed inside the carrying platform 2, a support frame 52 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide plate 51, the support frame 52 is fixedly connected to the base 1, a positioning block 53 is fixedly installed at the midpoint of the support frame 52, the intersection of the first rotating rod 517 and the reduction motor 7 is rotatably installed inside the positioning block 53, the slider 55 is overlapped on the top of the guide plate 51, a second blocking rod 510 is fixedly installed on the top of the guide plate 51, a limit block 518 is slidably connected inside the guide plate 51, a trapezoidal groove 58 is provided at the intersection of the guide plate 51 and the limit block 518, a strip hole 511 is provided at the intersection of the guide plate 51 and the limit block 518, and a connecting block 514 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sector gear 59. An extension plate 516 is fixedly installed at the edge of the sector gear 59, a first blocking rod 513 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the slider 55, the extension plate 516 is located between the two first blocking rods 513, a movable block 512 is rotatably installed at one end of the slider 55, a connecting rod 521 is slidably connected inside the movable block 512, a docking rod 520 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 521, the docking rod 520 is rotatably installed inside the connecting block 514, a cavity 515 is provided at the junction of the connecting block 514 and the docking rod 520, a limiting ring 522 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting rod 521, a tension spring 523 is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting ring 522, and the other end of the tension spring 523 is fixedly connected to the movable block 512.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the slider 55 moves to the end of the guide plate 51, the extension plate 516 located at the edge of the sector gear 59 will contact the second blocking rod 510 at the top of the guide plate 51. Under the obstruction of the second blocking rod 510, the extension plate 516 will push the sector gear 59 to achieve the purpose of pushing the driven gear 519. The rotation of the driven gear 519 can change the direction of the monitoring plate 54, so as to monitor the sound inside the cable from another angle.

[0053] During the rotation of the extension plate 516, the rotation range will be limited by the first blocking rod 513, and the sector gear 59 will also drive the connecting block 514. A cavity 515 is provided on the side of the connecting block 514. A connecting rod 521 is rotatably connected in the cavity 515 through the docking rod 520. During the rotation of the connecting block 514, the connecting rod 521 is pushed. During the movement of the connecting rod 521, the tension spring 523 between the limiting ring 522 and the movable block 512 is compressed, so that the angle of the sector gear 59 is still maintained when there is no obstruction by the second blocking rod 510.

[0054] The guide plate 51 is installed in the supporting platform 2 through the supporting frame 52 to maintain the overall structural stability. The positioning block 53 located at the midpoint of the supporting frame 52 will determine the position of the first rotating rod 517. The strip hole 511 is used to accommodate the limit block 518, and the presence of the trapezoidal groove 58 can also prevent the slider 55 from separating from the guide plate 51.

[0055] Embodiment 3: According to Figure 8 As shown, a system for quickly locating cable faults includes a power-on module 8, a sound receiving module 9, an information processing module 10 and a fault area locating module 11;

[0056] The power-on module 8 is used to power the cable, and by applying a high voltage shock to the cable, a discharge phenomenon occurs at the fault point, thereby forming mechanical vibration and discharge sound;

[0057] The sound receiving module 9 is installed in the monitoring board 54 and is used to receive the sound generated by mechanical vibration and discharge sound;

[0058] The information processing module 10 is used to process various sounds received by the sound receiving module 9 and determine whether the cable is faulty according to the sounds;

[0059] The fault area locating module 11 is used to locate the fault part according to the information sent by the information processing module 10;

[0060] The information processing module 10 includes an audio preprocessing module 12, a feature extraction module 13, a comparison algorithm module 14 and a result output module 15;

[0061] The audio preprocessing module 12 is used to remove background noise and cut long audio into short segments;

[0062] The feature extraction module 13 is used to select audio features, including but not limited to Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients MFCC, pitch and volume, extract these features from the audio, and generate a feature vector;

[0063] The comparison algorithm module 14 is used to implement different similarity calculation methods, including but not limited to Euclidean distance, cosine similarity, and use a learning model to perform sound comparison;

[0064] The result output module 15 is used to output the comparison results, including the matching degree and similarity score;

[0065] The fault area positioning module 11 includes a signal processing module 16, a time difference calculation module 17 and a position calculation module 18;

[0066] The signal processing module 16 is used to process and analyze the results obtained from the result output module 15;

[0067] The time difference calculation module 17 is used to calculate the area of ​​the sound source according to the time difference between the first time the sound is detected and the second time the sound is detected by the sound receiving module 9;

[0068] The position calculation module 18 is used to calculate the specific position of the sound source according to triangulation and positioning algorithms.

[0069] In this embodiment, through technical means such as noise reduction, echo cancellation, and dynamic range compression, the audio preprocessing module 12 can significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the audio signal, reduce noise and interference, and make the audio signal clearer and purer. The feature extraction module 13 can filter out key information useful for identification or analysis from the preprocessed audio signal, and only retain the core elements directly related to the task, thereby reducing the computational burden of subsequent processing. Through precise feature matching, the comparison algorithm can significantly improve the accuracy of the recognition system, reduce misjudgments and missed judgments, calculate the time difference between the sounds received by the monitoring board 54, and accurately calculate the relative position information of the signal source, that is, the fault point relative to each sensor, so as to achieve high-precision positioning. The position calculation module 18 is based on the result of the time difference calculation, combined with a geometric algorithm or an optimization algorithm, to further calculate the specific coordinates or position of the fault point.

[0070] The use method and working principle of the device are as follows: the cable to be tested is placed on two supporting wheels 6, and a high voltage shock is applied to the cable, then the detection component 5 is started, and the reduction motor 7 drives the first rotating rod 517. During the rotation of the first rotating rod 517, the second rotating rod 56 is pushed synchronously, so as to change the angle and position of the second rotating rod 56, so as to achieve the purpose of initially driving the slider 55;

[0071] During the movement of the slider 55, the first rotating rod 517 also drives the second rotating rod 56 through the belt transmission assembly 57. The rotation of the second rotating rod 56 can push the slider 55 to move along the direction of the strip hole 511 through the limit block 518. During the movement of the slider 55, the monitoring board 54 can continuously monitor the sound in the cable.

[0072] When the slider 55 moves to the end of the guide plate 51, the first rotating rod 517 just rotates half a circle, and the extension plate 516 is blocked by the second blocking rod 510 and rotates. The extension plate 516 drives the sector gear 59 through the connecting block 514 to push the driven gear 519, causing the driven gear 519 to rotate half a circle, thereby changing the direction of the monitoring plate 54.

[0073] The first rotating rod 517 continues to rotate to pull the slider 55 from one end of the guide plate 51 to the other end, and as the first rotating rod 517 continues to rotate, the slider 55 will also move back and forth, and when turning, it will also change its own direction, so as to monitor the cable repeatedly in all directions;

[0074] The sound monitored by the monitoring board 54 is subjected to noise reduction processing and then feature comparison. After the comparison is completed, the matching degree and similarity of the features are determined. When the matching degree and similarity are relatively high, it is determined that the cable is faulty. At this time, the area of ​​the sound source is calculated based on the time difference between the first time the sound is detected and the second time the sound is detected by the sound receiving module 9, and the specific position of the sound source is calculated based on the triangulation and positioning algorithm.

[0075] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid positioning device for cable faults, comprising a base (1), a bearing platform (2) and a sound insulation board (3), wherein the sound insulation board (3) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bearing platform (2), the base (1) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bearing platform (2), and support wheels (6) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the bearing platform (2), characterized in that: A detection component (5) is movably installed inside the carrying platform (2), and a guide slot (4) is provided on the top of the carrying platform (2); The detection assembly (5) comprises a listening plate (54), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to a driven gear (519), one side of which is meshingly connected to a sector gear (59), the bottom of which is rotatably connected to a slider (55), the driven gear (519) being rotatably mounted on the top of the slider (55), a limit block (518) being fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slider (55), the bottom of which is rotatably connected to a second rotating rod (56), the other end of which is rotatably connected to a first rotating rod (517), a reduction motor (7) being fixedly mounted inside the base (1), the output end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the first rotating rod (517); A belt transmission assembly (57) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first rotating rod (517), another pulley of the belt transmission assembly (57) is fixedly connected to the second rotating rod (56), and the second rotating rod (56) is located above the first rotating rod (517). A guide plate (51) is fixedly installed inside the carrying platform (2), and a support frame (52) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide plate (51), and the support frame (52) is fixedly connected to the base (1), and the midpoint of the support frame (52) is fixedly connected to the base (1). A positioning block (53) is fixedly installed, the intersection of the first rotating rod (517) and the reduction motor (7) is rotatably installed inside the positioning block (53), the sliding block (55) is overlapped on the top of the guide plate (51), the top of the guide plate (51) is fixedly installed with a second blocking rod (510), the limit block (518) is slidably connected to the inside of the guide plate (51), the intersection of the guide plate (51) and the limit block (518) is provided with a trapezoidal groove (58), the guide plate (51) and the limit block (518) are ), a strip hole (511) is provided at the intersection of the sector gear (59), a connecting block (514) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sector gear (59), an extension plate (516) is fixedly installed at the edge of the sector gear (59), a first blocking rod (513) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the slider (55), the extension plate (516) is located between the two first blocking rods (513), a movable block (512) is rotatably installed at one end of the slider (55), and a connecting rod (521) is slidably connected inside the movable block (512). ), a docking rod (520) is fixedly installed on one end of the connecting rod (521), and the docking rod (520) is rotatably installed inside the connecting block (514), and a cavity (515) is provided at the intersection of the connecting block (514) and the docking rod (520), and a limit ring (522) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the connecting rod (521), and a tension spring (523) is fixedly connected to one side of the limit ring (522), and the other end of the tension spring (523) is fixedly connected to the movable block (512).

2. A method for quickly locating cable faults, characterized in that: The device for quickly locating cable faults as described in claim 1 above is used, comprising the following steps: S1. Place the cable to be tested on two supporting wheels (6), then start the testing assembly (5), and the reduction motor (7) drives the first rotating rod (517). During the rotation of the first rotating rod (517), the second rotating rod (56) is pushed synchronously, thereby changing the angle and position of the second rotating rod (56), so as to achieve the purpose of initially driving the slider (55); S2. During the movement of the slider (55), the first rotating rod (517) also drives the second rotating rod (56) through the belt transmission assembly (57), and the rotation of the second rotating rod (56) can push the slider (55) to move along the direction of the strip hole (511) through the limit block (518); S3, when the slider (55) moves to the end of the guide plate (51), the first rotating rod (517) just rotates half a circle, the extension plate (516) is blocked by the second blocking rod (510) and rotates, and the extension plate (516) drives the sector gear (59) through the connecting block (514) to achieve the purpose of pushing the driven gear (519), causing the driven gear (519) to rotate half a circle, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the direction of the monitoring plate (54); S4. The first rotating rod (517) continues to rotate to pull the slider (55) from one end of the guide plate (51) to the other end, and as the first rotating rod (517) continues to rotate, the slider (55) will also move back and forth, and when turning, it will also change its own direction, so as to monitor the cable repeatedly in all directions.

3. A system for quickly locating cable faults, characterized in that: A device for quickly locating cable faults according to any one of the above claims 1 is used, comprising a power-on module (8), a sound receiving module (9), an information processing module (10) and a fault area locating module (11); The power-on module (8) is used to power the cable, and by applying a high voltage shock to the cable, a discharge phenomenon is generated at the fault point, thereby generating mechanical vibration and discharge sound; The sound receiving module (9) is installed in the monitoring board (54) and is used to receive the sound generated by mechanical vibration and the discharge sound; The information processing module (10) is used to process various sounds received by the sound receiving module (9) and judge whether the cable is faulty according to the sounds. The information processing module (10) comprises an audio preprocessing module (12), a feature extraction module (13), a comparison algorithm module (14) and a result output module (15); The audio preprocessing module (12) is used to remove background noise and cut long audio into short segments; The feature extraction module (13) is used to select audio features, including but not limited to Mel frequency cepstral coefficients, pitch and volume, extract these features from the audio, and generate a feature vector; The comparison algorithm module (14) is used to implement different similarity calculation methods, including but not limited to Euclidean distance, cosine similarity, and use a learning model to perform sound comparison; The result output module (15) is used to output the comparison results, including matching degree and similarity score; The fault area positioning module (11) is used to locate the fault part according to the information sent by the information processing module (10), and the fault area positioning module (11) comprises a signal processing module (16), a time difference calculation module (17) and a position calculation module (18); The signal processing module (16) is used to process and analyze the results obtained from the result output module (15); The time difference calculation module (17) is used to calculate the area of ​​the sound source according to the time difference between the first time the sound is detected by the sound receiving module (9) and the second time the sound is detected; The position calculation module (18) is used to calculate the specific position of the sound source according to triangulation and positioning algorithms.

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