A distributed multi-device cluster communication method and system for edge IoT

Abstract

The present invention discloses a distributed multi-device cluster communication method and system for edge IoT, the method comprising: any target master device among multiple master devices receives a data update request sent by a cloud platform, the target master device processes the data update request, and obtains firmware data and request information; all master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and request information with all other master devices in the first device cluster; each master device and corresponding multiple sub-devices form multiple second device clusters, and any master device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and request information with corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each sub-device performs firmware update according to the firmware data and request information. The present invention receives the data update request through the master device, and transmits it to the sub-device at the device cluster level for firmware update, thereby realizing communication with different communication protocols between different devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of Internet of Things communication technology, and in particular to an edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, system and computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of computer technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and 5G, coupled with the enhancement of chip computing power, we are gradually transitioning from the mobile Internet era to the new era of the Internet of Everything. At present, remote upgrade technology (OTA) is usually used to upgrade the system of related devices. The updated firmware needs to be uploaded to the OTA management service on the server side. The OTA management service then transmits the firmware to the device side through the mobile communication network. Finally, the device side performs the firmware update service. It is more efficient for devices that can be connected to the Internet, but it is ineffective for device terminals that cannot be connected to the Internet. However, in the existing technology, since the system adaptation relationship of the device cluster is not taken into account in the general device cluster upgrade, there is a gap in the communication protocol used by each device, so the auxiliary equipment needs to use various methods to be compatible with different device interfaces, which will lead to several problems: First, the storage space of the networked device will be greatly consumed, and second, it is incompatible with the ever-changing various communication protocols, which will cause the sub-devices that cannot be connected to the Internet to be unable to communicate with the platform, which has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, which aims to solve the problem in the prior art that different devices require different communication protocols for communication, resulting in the inability of sub-devices that cannot be connected to the Internet to communicate with the platform.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Any one target master device among the plurality of master devices receives a data update request sent by the cloud platform, and the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information;

[0007] All the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with all other master devices in the first device cluster;

[0008] Each main device and the corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters. Any main device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each of the sub-devices performs firmware updates according to the firmware data and the request information.

[0009] Optionally, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, wherein any one of the multiple master devices receives a data update request from a cloud platform, any one of the multiple master devices receives a data update request from a cloud platform, and the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information, specifically includes:

[0010] Any one target master device among the plurality of master devices receives the firmware update request sent by the cloud platform, and the target master device parses the firmware update request to obtain a download instruction;

[0011] The target host device downloads the firmware data and request information on the cloud platform according to the download instruction.

[0012] Optionally, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, wherein all the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster, specifically includes:

[0013] All the master devices establish communication connections in sequence to form a first device cluster;

[0014] If the amount of the firmware data and the request information is greater than a preset threshold, the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster according to a hash algorithm.

[0015] Optionally, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, wherein each master device and corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters, and any master device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each of the sub-devices performs firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information, specifically includes:

[0016] Each of the master devices establishes a communication connection with the corresponding plurality of sub-devices to form a second device cluster, thereby obtaining a plurality of second device clusters;

[0017] When any master device in the first device cluster responds to the connection request sent by the corresponding plurality of sub-devices, any master device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding plurality of sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster;

[0018] When the firmware version of the firmware data does not match the preset system version, each of the sub-devices performs a firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information.

[0019] Optionally, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, wherein when the firmware version of the firmware data does not match the preset system version, each of the sub-devices performs a firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information, and then further includes:

[0020] When each of the sub-devices receives the firmware update instruction, each of the sub-devices determines whether the firmware data fails verification;

[0021] When the firmware data fails to be verified, each of the sub-devices triggers a preset update mechanism to re-update the firmware.

[0022] Optionally, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, wherein the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method further includes:

[0023] The target master device sends multiple data packets to all other master devices in the first device cluster according to a preset frequency band, and each of the other master devices responds to the multiple data packets to obtain the target data packet.

[0024] Optionally, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, wherein the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method further includes:

[0025] When the connection request sent by the target main device does not receive a response from the sub-device, the target main device marks any one of the corresponding multiple sub-devices as disconnected;

[0026] When the connection state between the target main device and the target sub-device changes, the network topology information of the target main device and the target sub-device is updated.

[0027] Optionally, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, wherein when the connection state between the target main device and the target sub-device changes, the network topology information of the target main device and the target sub-device is updated, specifically including:

[0028] The target main device determines whether the connection status with the target sub-device is disconnected;

[0029] If the connection state of the target sub-device is disconnected, the target main device sets the target sub-device to an offline state and deletes the node of the target sub-device in the network topology.

[0030] Optionally, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method, wherein the target main device determines whether the connection status with the target sub-device is disconnected, and then further includes:

[0031] If the connection state of the target sub-device is not disconnected, the target main device sets the target sub-device to an online state and adds a node of the target sub-device in the network topology.

[0032] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides an edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication system, wherein the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication system includes: a computer device, the computer device includes a plurality of main devices and a plurality of sub-devices, each of the main devices corresponds to a plurality of sub-devices;

[0033] Wherein, any one target master device among the plurality of master devices receives a data update request from the cloud platform, and the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information;

[0034] All the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster;

[0035] Each main device and the corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters. Any main device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each of the sub-devices performs firmware updates according to the firmware data and the request information.

[0036] In the present invention, any target master device among the multiple master devices receives a data update request sent by the cloud platform, and the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information; all the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with all other master devices in the first device cluster; each master device and the corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters, and any master device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each sub-device performs firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information. The present invention realizes firmware data update by receiving data update requests through the master device in the distributed multi-device cluster communication of the edge IoT, and transmitting them to the sub-device through the device cluster cascade, and is compatible with various communication protocols that are changing with each passing day, which greatly improves the communication speed and improves the communication efficiency of the distributed multi-device cluster of the edge IoT. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a device cluster upgrade architecture of a preferred embodiment of the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main device ring topology of a preferred embodiment of the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a hash algorithm of a preferred embodiment of the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of establishing communication by a master device of a preferred embodiment of the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of device discovery in a preferred embodiment of the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0045] In the prior art, for device clusters in different situations, the general device cluster upgrade does not take into account the system adaptation relationship of the device cluster. There are differences in the communication protocols used by each device, which leads to the need for auxiliary devices to use various methods to be compatible with different device interfaces. Different devices require different communication protocols for communication, which leads to the problem that sub-devices that cannot be connected to the Internet cannot communicate with the platform. Therefore, there is a need for an edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication system that communicates through different communication protocols between different devices, thereby enabling sub-devices that cannot be connected to the Internet to communicate with the platform.

[0046] The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method described in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S10: Any target master device among the plurality of master devices receives a data update request sent by the cloud platform, and the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information.

[0048] Specifically, any target master device among the multiple master devices receives a firmware update request sent by the cloud platform, and the target master device parses the firmware update request to obtain a download instruction (the master device can receive a firmware update request from the cloud platform or upload device status information); the target master device downloads firmware data and request information from the cloud platform according to the download instruction (the firmware update request is sent directly by the cloud platform, and the cloud platform will have the ID information of the activated device. The platform can send a firmware update request to the target master device. After receiving the firmware update request, the device will parse the fields of the firmware update request and download the firmware upgrade package from the cloud platform. After the download is successful, the device will be upgraded, where the firmware upgrade package includes: firmware data and request information).

[0049] As an example, Figure 2As shown, based on the communication network, any target master device among the multiple master devices receives a firmware update request sent by the cloud platform (device cluster OTA cloud platform), and according to the firmware download module of the target master device, the firmware data and request information are downloaded through the download instruction, and sent to the upgrade detection module and the firmware backup module through the upgrade management module for detection and backup respectively, and then the firmware data and request information are shared to multiple corresponding sub-devices through the device cluster communication module of the target master device. The modules responsible for upgrading inside the master device of the device cluster include but are not limited to the upgrade management module, the upgrade detection module, the firmware download module, the OTA upgrade module, the device cluster communication module, etc. The upgrade management module is used to communicate with the device cluster OTA upgrade cloud platform through the communication network. The cloud platform sends a firmware update request to the target main device. The upgrade management module will process the firmware update request from the cloud platform, and then download and verify the firmware data for the device to be upgraded through the upgrade detection module and the firmware download module. After the verification is successful, it will upgrade itself through the OTA upgrade module, or transmit the firmware to the sub-device through the firmware transmission module and the device cluster communication module. Finally, the OTA upgrade module sends an update instruction to the sub-device to let the sub-device perform firmware update. The main modules can be divided into three parts: cloud platform (device cluster OTA upgrade cloud platform), main device and sub-device of the device cluster. The device cluster OTA upgrade cloud platform mainly provides but is not limited to device system upgrade firmware upload, upgrade task issuance, recording of device upgrade process and device operation status monitoring.

[0050] Step S20: All the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with all other master devices in the first device cluster.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, all the master devices establish communication connections in turn to form a first device cluster (a ring-shaped topology can be formed between multiple master devices, and there is no obvious primary and secondary distinction between them), which is mainly capable of achieving load balancing and improving service reliability and concurrency capabilities; if the amount of the firmware data and the request information is greater than a preset threshold, the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster according to a hash algorithm (a hash algorithm needs to be used to divide the request among each other master device so that other master devices can process it).

[0052] As an example, Figure 4 As shown, the left part represents 3 requests, and the requests are evenly distributed among other master devices through the hash algorithm in the middle. Each request is marked with numbers 1, 2, and 3, and the request distribution is represented by lines of different colors.

[0053] Furthermore, the target master device sends multiple data packets to all other master devices in the first device cluster according to a preset frequency band, that is, the main purpose of this process is to allow other devices to discover themselves. In the device sending state, the target device will send data packets to other master devices according to the three channels 1, 6, and 11 respectively. The data packets include management frames (Probe Request) of point-to-point information extraction (P2P IE) information. The three frequency bands are called social bands (SocialChannels). Each of the other master devices responds to multiple data packets (in the device monitoring state, each of the other devices will select a frequency band among the three channels 1, 6, and 11 to monitor and respond), and obtain the target data packet.

[0054] As an example, Figure 5 As shown, when both master device 1 and master device 2 are online, a request to create a session is sent through the cluster communication module of master device 1, and the cluster access module of master device 2 receives the request and returns the session channel. Master device 1 and master device 2 obtain the session handle through the cluster access module, and master device 1 and master device 2 establish full-duplex communication.

[0055] Step S30, each main device and the corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters, and any main device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each of the sub-devices performs firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information.

[0056] Specifically, Figure 6As shown, each of the master devices establishes a communication connection with the corresponding multiple sub-devices to form a second device cluster, and obtains multiple second device clusters. When any master device in the first device cluster responds to the connection request sent by the corresponding multiple sub-devices (any master device initiates networking and broadcasts, and the broadcast content includes the identifier of the master device and possible connection parameters. The corresponding multiple sub-devices monitor these broadcasts in scanning mode and decide whether to respond and initiate a connection request based on preset rules, such as signal strength, device type identifier, etc.), then any master device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, that is, once the sub-device initiates a connection request, the master device will respond and establish a Bluetooth low energy (BLE) connection, after the connection is established, more information can be exchanged through the service discovery protocol, such as an identifier (UUIDs) of the service and characteristic. Once the service and characteristic are discovered, the main device and the sub-device can start data exchange, wherein the data exchange is transmitted through the session channel connected between the devices, such as a soft bus. The data exchange includes but is not limited to the device ID, the device online status, and the security personal identification code (PIN). When the firmware version of the firmware data does not match the preset system version, each of the sub-devices performs a firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information (for example, if the firmware version of the device is higher than the push version, then the firmware push is not required, otherwise it is required; furthermore, when the software running on the device firmware does not match the system version, an upgrade can also be forced).

[0057] Furthermore, when each of the sub-devices receives a firmware update instruction, each of the sub-devices determines whether the firmware data fails verification; when the firmware data fails verification, each of the sub-devices triggers a preset update mechanism to re-update the firmware (the sub-device will perform firmware verification during the upgrade process to ensure the integrity and authenticity of the firmware. If the verification fails, the sub-device will report an error and may trigger a preset update mechanism for retransmission or re-update); when the connection request sent by the target master device does not receive a response from the sub-device, the target master device will mark any one of the corresponding multiple sub-devices as disconnected; when the connection status between the target master device and the target sub-device changes, the network topology information of the target master device and the target sub-device is updated.

[0058] Furthermore, the target master device determines whether the connection status with the target sub-device is disconnected; if the connection status of the target sub-device is disconnected, the target master device sets the target sub-device to an offline status, and deletes the node of the target sub-device in the network topology (the master device needs to update the network topology information it maintains. When the target sub-device is disconnected, the master device will set the device to an offline status and delete the node from the network topology); if the connection status of the target sub-device is not disconnected, the target master device sets the target sub-device to an online status, and adds the node of the target sub-device in the network topology (when the sub-device is connected, the master device will set the device to an online status and add the node to the network topology), which may involve removing the disconnected device information, or rejoining the device after reconnection. Topology updates can be achieved through a periodic heartbeat mechanism or event-based notifications.

[0059] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, the edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication system includes: a computer device, the computer device includes multiple main devices and multiple sub-devices, and each of the main devices corresponds to multiple sub-devices.

[0060] Among them, any target master device among the multiple master devices receives the data update request of the cloud platform, and the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information; all the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster; each master device and the corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters, and any master device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each of the sub-devices performs firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information.

[0061] In summary, the present invention provides a distributed multi-device cluster communication method and system for edge IoT, the method comprising: any one of the target master devices among the multiple master devices receives a data update request sent by a cloud platform, the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information; all the master devices form a first device cluster, the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with all other master devices in the first device cluster; each master device and the corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters, any master device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each sub-device performs firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information. The present invention uses distributed multi-device cluster communication in edge IoT, receives data update requests through master devices, and transmits them to sub-devices through device cluster cascade to realize firmware data update, is compatible with various communication protocols that are changing with each passing day, greatly improves communication speed, and improves the communication efficiency of distributed multi-device clusters in edge IoT.

[0062] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or system including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element.

[0063] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For ordinary technicians in this field, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed multi-device cluster communication method for edge IoT, wherein the distributed multi-device cluster communication method for edge IoT is applied to a computer device, wherein the computer device comprises a plurality of master devices and a plurality of sub-devices, each of the master devices corresponds to a plurality of sub-devices, and is characterized in that: The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method includes: Any one target master device among the plurality of master devices receives a data update request sent by the cloud platform, and the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information; All the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with all other master devices in the first device cluster; Each master device and the corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters, and any master device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each of the sub-devices performs firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information; All of the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster, specifically including: All the master devices establish communication connections in sequence to form a first device cluster; If the amount of the firmware data and the request information is greater than a preset threshold, the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster according to a hash algorithm.

2. The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Any one of the plurality of master devices receives a data update request from the cloud platform, and the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information, specifically including: Any one target master device among the plurality of master devices receives the firmware update request sent by the cloud platform, and the target master device parses the firmware update request to obtain a download instruction; The target host device downloads the firmware data and request information on the cloud platform according to the download instruction.

3. The distributed multi-device cluster communication method of edge IoT according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each of the main devices and the corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters, and any main device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each of the sub-devices performs firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information, specifically including: Each of the master devices establishes a communication connection with the corresponding plurality of sub-devices to form a second device cluster, thereby obtaining a plurality of second device clusters; When any master device in the first device cluster responds to the connection request sent by the corresponding plurality of sub-devices, any master device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding plurality of sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster; When the firmware version of the firmware data does not match the preset system version, each of the sub-devices performs a firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information.

4. The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the firmware version of the firmware data does not match the preset system version, each of the sub-devices performs a firmware update according to the firmware data and the request information, and then further includes: When each of the sub-devices receives the firmware update instruction, each of the sub-devices determines whether the firmware data fails verification; When the firmware data fails to be verified, each of the sub-devices triggers a preset update mechanism to re-update the firmware.

5. The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method also includes: The target master device sends multiple data packets to all other master devices in the first device cluster according to a preset frequency band, and each of the other master devices responds to the multiple data packets to obtain the target data packet.

6. The distributed multi-device cluster communication method for edge IoT according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method also includes: When the connection request sent by the target main device does not receive a response from the sub-device, the target main device marks any one of the corresponding multiple sub-devices as disconnected; When the connection state between the target main device and the target sub-device changes, the network topology information of the target main device and the target sub-device is updated.

7. The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: When the connection state between the target main device and the target sub-device changes, the network topology information of the target main device and the target sub-device is updated, specifically including: The target main device determines whether the connection status with the target sub-device is disconnected; If the connection state of the target sub-device is disconnected, the target main device sets the target sub-device to an offline state and deletes the node of the target sub-device in the network topology.

8. The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The target main device determines whether the connection state with the target sub-device is disconnected, and then further includes: If the connection state of the target sub-device is not disconnected, the target main device sets the target sub-device to an online state and adds a node of the target sub-device in the network topology.

9. An edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication system, characterized in that: The edge IoT distributed multi-device cluster communication system includes: a computer device, the computer device includes multiple main devices and multiple sub-devices, each of the main devices corresponds to multiple sub-devices; Any target master device among the plurality of master devices receives a data update request from the cloud platform, and the target master device processes the data update request to obtain firmware data and request information; All the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster; All of the master devices form a first device cluster, and the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster, specifically including: All the master devices establish communication connections in sequence to form a first device cluster; If the amount of the firmware data and the request information is greater than a preset threshold, the target master device shares the firmware data and the request information with other master devices in the first device cluster according to a hash algorithm; Each main device and the corresponding multiple sub-devices form a second device cluster to obtain multiple second device clusters. Any main device in the first device cluster shares the firmware data and the request information with the corresponding multiple sub-devices through the corresponding second device cluster, and each of the sub-devices performs firmware updates according to the firmware data and the request information.

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