Precision Forging Technology for Turnout Point Rail Heel

Abstract

The invention discloses a precision forging process for a heel end of a pointed rail for a turnout, and belongs to the technical field of track processing. A rail material is sent into a heating furnace for heating, and the rail material is kept warm after being taken out, so that the temperature of the rail material is uniform. The heated rail material is subjected to upsetting treatment by upsetting hydraulic equipment, and its size and shape are adjusted. The upset rail material is placed in a mobile silo of a forging equipment, and the rail material is put into a lower die by moving the mobile silo, so that the hydraulic press drives the upper die to move downward, so that the upper die squeezes the rail material in a die groove to form a pointed rail body, and a telescopic bottom plate is moved outward by a driver to open the lower part of the die groove, and the upper die is repeatedly driven downward to complete the punching operation of the pointed rail body; with the use of a bevel convex head, a double bevel structure is formed at its end, so that a train can smoothly complete the transition operation between two sets of tracks, and at the same time, the wear and deformation of the heel end of the pointed rail is reduced, and the subsequent maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field related to track processing, and more specifically relates to a precision forging process for the heel end of a point rail for a turnout. Background Art

[0002] One of the main functions of the switch is guidance, that is, guiding the train to smoothly transition from one track to another. As a part of the switch, the switch ensures that the train can travel along the predetermined track direction when passing through the switch, thereby realizing the train's reversal or track separation.

[0003] The patent application with the publication number CN103924488A records a type of urban rail transit turnout point rail and manufacturing process that can reduce the conversion force of the turnout point rail, even reduce the number of switch machines, reduce the purchase cost of turnout equipment, and can use a wedge-shaped adjustment spring-type fastener on the slide bed plate installed in conjunction with the point rail to increase the stability and safety of the point rail, while effectively reducing the daily maintenance workload of the turnout by maintenance personnel. The urban rail transit turnout point rail adopts 60D40 rail. Advantages: First, the point rail adopts 60D40 rail, which reduces the conversion force of the point rail, and is convenient for setting elastic fasteners with large buckling pressure on the slide bed plate installed in conjunction with the point rail; second, the 60D40 rail has the advantages of shorter rail height, thinner rail waist, narrower rail bottom, and relatively small horizontal and vertical inertia moments, which provides space conditions for turnout design. The axle weight of urban rail transit trains is lighter than that of passenger dedicated line railway trains, and it is sufficiently safe.

[0004] The traditional process has certain shortcomings when performing forging operations on the tip rail heel. The tip rail heel processed by the traditional process has a single bevel structure. Fig. 9 As shown in Figure B, the function of the pointed rail heel is to smoothly transition the train from one track to another. The design of its traditional structure causes the train wheel to produce fat edges when rolling the pointed rail heel for a long time, that is, the deformation of the pointed rail heel, which causes bumps when the wheel contacts the pointed rail heel, and requires regular grinding and maintenance of the pointed rail heel; secondly, when the pointed rail heel is undergoing forging processing, it is necessary to manually remove the material from the pointed rail heel. The pointed rail heel after forging is in a high-temperature state as a whole, and manual material removal is more dangerous. It is impossible to simultaneously complete the separation and removal of the pointed rail heel during the forging process, which reduces its work efficiency; secondly, when the pointed rail heel is undergoing forging and shaping operations, it is necessary to place the roughened and shaped rail material in a mold, and use the mold to press the rail material. However, the rail material is prone to misalignment during manual installation, which makes it impossible for the rail material and the mold to be accurately connected, thereby reducing its forging effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a precision forging process for the heel end of a switch rail, which can solve the existing problems.

[0006] The problem to be solved by the present invention is:

[0007] 1. The heel end of the pointed rail processed by traditional technology is a single-bevel structure. Its structure is as follows Fig. 9 As shown in Figure B, the function of the rail tip is to smoothly transition the train from one track to another. The traditional design of the structure causes the rail tip to become fat when the train wheels roll over it for a long time, that is, the rail tip is deformed, causing the wheels to bump when in contact with the rail tip, and the rail tip needs to be regularly polished and maintained.

[0008] 2. Secondly, when the heel of the pointed rail is being forged, it is necessary to manually remove the material from the heel of the pointed rail. The heel of the pointed rail after forging is in a high temperature state as a whole. Manual material removal is very dangerous. It is impossible to complete the separation and material removal operation of the heel of the pointed rail simultaneously during the forging process, which reduces its work efficiency.

[0009] 3. Secondly, during the forging and shaping operation of the pointed rail heel end, the rail material after upsetting and shaping needs to be placed in the mold, and the mold is used to press the rail material. However, the rail material is prone to misalignment during manual installation, which makes it impossible for the rail material and the mold to be accurately docked, thereby reducing its forging effect.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0011] The precision forging process of the turnout rail heel end includes the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Send the rail material into a heating furnace for heating, take it out and keep it warm to make the temperature of the rail material uniform, and use the upsetting hydraulic equipment to upset the heated rail material to adjust its size and shape;

[0013] Step 2: placing the upset rail material in a mobile silo of the forging equipment, and placing the rail material into the lower die by moving the mobile silo;

[0014] Step 3, starting the hydraulic press, so that the hydraulic press drives the upper mold to move downward, so that the upper mold squeezes the rail material in the mold groove to form a pointed rail body;

[0015] Step 4: Use the driver to move the telescopic bottom plate outward to open the lower part of the mold slot, and repeatedly drive the upper mold to move downward to complete the punching operation of the pointed rail body.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the upper mold is in use, the hydraulic press drives the lifting plate to move up and down along the guide rod, and the lifting plate is used to simultaneously drive several groups of upper molds to move downward, so that the upper mold is placed in the mold groove of the lower mold, and the rail material is extruded by the upper mold and the lower mold, so that the rail material is forged and shaped in the mold groove.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the telescopic base plate is in use, the driver utilizes the internal motor to drive the driving wheel, so that the driving wheel drives the telescopic base plate to move laterally through the tooth groove structure at the bottom of the telescopic base plate, and when the upper mold is forging the rail material, the telescopic base plate is in a closed state at the bottom of the lower mold, and when the point rail body is discharging the material, the telescopic base plate is in an open state at the bottom of the lower mold, so that the upper mold completes the punching operation between the point rail body and the edge material when moving downward.

[0018] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the telescopic base is in use, the support seat cooperates with the roller rod to assist in supporting the bottom of the telescopic base. When the telescopic base moves, the bottom of the telescopic base contacts the roller rod, so that the telescopic base drives the roller rod to rotate. When the telescopic base is closed, one end of the telescopic base is inserted into the inner side of the limit clamp and fixed.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the upper mold is in use, the upper mold is spliced ​​to the outer surface of the lower end of the lifting plate using a splicing strip. When the upper mold is pressed downward, the inclined convex head of the upper mold contacts the upper surface of the rail material, so that the upper end of the pointed rail body forms a inclined end.

[0020] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the mobile silo is in use, the electric push rod is used to drive the mobile silo so that the mobile silo moves at the upper end of the lower mold, thereby adjusting the feeding position of the lower end of the mobile silo.

[0021] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the mobile silo is in use, the distance between two adjacent groups of positioning blocks is adjusted according to the length and width of the rail material, so that the two groups of positioning blocks are respectively abutted against the ends of the rail material, so that the positioning blocks and the mold grooves remain aligned.

[0022] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the mobile silo is in use, an electric push rod is used to push the mobile silo to the top of the corresponding die groove, and a motor is used to drive a rotating rod to open the side rotating bottom plate, so that the rail material in the mobile silo is discharged downward.

[0023] As a further technical solution of the present invention, when the positioning block is in use, the push-pull rod is used to pull the positioning block to move, the position of the positioning block is adjusted according to the size of the rail material, and then the push-pull rod is locked with a fastening bolt.

[0024] The upper die is used to punch the pointed rail body so that the pointed rail body is discharged downward, so that the edge material is placed on the upper end of the lower die, and the pointed rail body falls into the upper end of the feeding cart. The forging equipment includes a fixed base, a lower die and an upper die. The lower die is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper end of the fixed base, and the upper die is movably installed above the lower die. A fixed top cover is fixedly installed on the upper part of the fixed base, and the fixed top cover and the upper die are driven by a hydraulic press. A lifting plate used in conjunction with the hydraulic press is provided at the upper end of the upper die, and the upper die and the lifting plate are spliced ​​and fixed. Four guide rods used in conjunction with the lifting plate are provided between the fixed base and the fixed top cover, and a feeding box is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed base;

[0025] A mobile silo is movably installed inside the feeding box, the feeding box and the mobile silo are driven by an electric push rod, a telescopic bottom plate is movably installed on the other side of the fixed base, the fixed base and the telescopic bottom plate are driven by an electric push rod, and a feeding trolley is installed on the inner side of the fixed base; a support seat is provided at the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate, the two ends of the support seat are fixedly connected to the fixed base by fixed clamps, and a roller is movably installed on the inner side of the support seat;

[0026] One end of the telescopic bottom plate is sleeved with a limited card seat; the upper mold and the lifting plate are spliced ​​and fixed by splicing strips, and the bottom of the upper mold is provided with a beveled convex head. Four groups of positioning blocks are movably installed on the inner side of the mobile silo. The positioning blocks and the mobile silo are movably connected by a push-pull rod. The end of the push-pull rod is provided with a fastening bolt, and the lower end of the mobile silo is movably installed with a side rotating bottom plate.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] 1. By setting the lower die and the upper die, when the turnout uses the precision forging process for the heel end of the pointed rail, the use of the inclined convex head makes the heel end of the pointed rail be made as follows: Fig. 9 The structure shown in Figure A in the middle forms a double-bevel structure at its end, allowing the train to smoothly complete the transition operation between the two sets of tracks, while reducing the wear and deformation of the heel end of the pointed rail and reducing its subsequent maintenance costs;

[0029] During operation, the mobile material bin is used to place the rail material after upsetting and shaping inside the die groove. The arrangement of multiple die grooves on the lower die allows it to complete the forging and shaping of multiple groups of pointed rail heels at the same time. The driver uses the internal motor to drive the driving wheel, so that the driving wheel drives the telescopic bottom plate to move horizontally through the tooth groove structure at the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate. When the upper die is forging the rail material, the telescopic bottom plate is in a closed state at the bottom of the lower die. When the pointed rail body is discharging, the telescopic bottom plate is in an open state at the bottom of the lower die, so that the upper die completes the punching operation between the pointed rail body and the edge material when moving downward. When the upper die is in use, the splicing card strip is used to splice the upper die to the outer surface of the lower end of the lifting plate. When the upper die is pressed down, the inclined convex head of the upper die contacts with the upper surface of the rail material, so that the upper end of the pointed rail body forms an inclined end head, so that it cooperates with the pointed rail heel end structure pressed by the lower die. Fig. 9 As shown in Figure A, a sloped end is formed at the upper position of one end of the pointed rail body, and the sloped end forms a triangular inclined structure from large to small from one end to the other end. When the train switches tracks, its wheels contact one end of the sloped end of the pointed rail body. The design of the sloped structure can reduce the resistance between the wheels and the pointed rail body, allowing the train wheels to smoothly complete the track switching while reducing the wear on the heel of the pointed rail.

[0030] 2. By setting the telescopic bottom plate and the support seat, when the turnout uses the precision forging process for the heel end of the pointed rail, the use of the lower die and the upper die is optimized, so that the lower die and the upper die can not only complete the forging and shaping of the heel end of the pointed rail, but also complete the automatic discharge of the heel end of the pointed rail;

[0031] During operation, the position adjustment of the telescopic bottom plate can be used to complete the switch control of the bottom of the lower mold. When the pointed rail body is discharging, the motor is used to drive the driving wheel to rotate, so that the driving wheel uses the toothed structure to drive the telescopic bottom plate to move outward. The telescopic bottom plate is in an open state at the bottom of the lower mold, so that the upper mold completes the punching and cutting operation between the pointed rail body and the edge material when moving downward. When the telescopic bottom plate is in use, the support seat and the roller rod are used to assist in supporting the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate. When the telescopic bottom plate moves, the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate contacts the roller rod, so that the telescopic bottom plate drives the roller rod to rotate. When the telescopic bottom plate is closed, one end of the telescopic bottom plate is inserted into the inner side of the limit clamp and fixed. The support seat and the roller rod can assist in supporting the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate when the telescopic bottom plate is closed. The pointed rail body after punching by the upper mold is discharged from the lower end of the lower mold, so that the pointed rail body falls to the upper end of the feeding cart for transfer operation.

[0032] 3. By setting the positioning block and the mobile material bin, when the switch uses the precision forging process for the point rail heel end, it can accurately complete the loading operation of the point rail heel ends of different specifications, improve the processing efficiency of the point rail heel end, and avoid the misalignment phenomenon during the forging operation;

[0033] When the mobile silo is in use, the distance between the two adjacent groups of positioning blocks is adjusted according to the length and width of the rail material, so that the two groups of positioning blocks are respectively abutted against the ends of the rail material, so that the positioning blocks and the die grooves remain aligned. When the positioning blocks are in use, the push-pull rod is used to pull the positioning blocks to move, and the position of the positioning blocks is adjusted according to the size of the rail material. The push-pull rod is locked with the fastening bolt, and the mobile silo is pushed to the top of the corresponding die groove by the electric push rod, and the motor is used to drive the rotating rod to open the side rotating bottom plate, so that the rail material in the mobile silo is discharged downward. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the precision forging process of the heel end of the switch rail of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is an overall structural diagram of the forging equipment in the precision forging process of the heel end of the switch rail of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The planar structure of the lower die and the upper die in the precision forging process of the turnout rail heel end of the present invention

[0038] Figure 4 It is an overall structural diagram of the support seat in the precision forging process of the heel end of the switch rail of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is the overall structural diagram of the upper die in the precision forging process of the heel end of the switch rail of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is an overall structural diagram of a feed box in the precision forging process of the heel end of a switch rail of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a partial structural diagram of a mobile silo in the precision forging process of the heel end of the switch rail of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is an overall structural diagram of the positioning block in the precision forging process of the heel end of the switch rail of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 The utility model relates to the integral structure of the point rail body in the precision forging process of the point rail heel end for the turnout of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1. feeding trolley; 2. fixed base; 3. drive; 4. telescopic bottom plate; 5. lower mold; 6. upper mold; 7. guide rod; 8. lifting plate; 9. electric push rod; 10. feeding box; 11. driving wheel; 12. mold groove; 13. support seat; 14. rolling rod; 15. fixed clamp; 16. splicing clamp strip; 17. inclined convex head; 18. positioning clamp block; 19. mobile silo; 20. side rotating bottom plate; 21. push-pull rod; 22. fastening bolt; 23. inclined end head; 24. pointed rail body; 25. fixed top cover; 26. hydraulic press; 27. limit clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the precision forging process of the heel end of the switch rail includes the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Send the rail material into a heating furnace for heating, take it out and keep it warm to make the temperature of the rail material uniform, and use the upsetting hydraulic equipment to upset the heated rail material to adjust its size and shape;

[0048] Step 2: placing the upset rail material in a mobile silo 19 of the forging equipment, and placing the rail material into the lower die 5 by moving the mobile silo 19;

[0049] Step 3, start the hydraulic press 26, so that the hydraulic press 26 drives the upper mold 6 to move downward, so that the upper mold 6 squeezes the rail material in the die groove 12 to form the pointed rail body 24;

[0050] Step 4: Use the driver 3 to move the telescopic bottom plate 4 outward to open the lower part of the mold cavity 12, and repeatedly drive the upper mold 6 to move downward to complete the punching operation of the point rail body 24.

[0051] When the upper mold 6 is in use, the hydraulic press 26 drives the lifting plate 8, so that the lifting plate 8 moves up and down along the guide rod 7. The lifting plate 8 is used to simultaneously drive several groups of upper molds 6 to move downward, so that the upper mold 6 is placed in the die groove 12 of the lower mold 5. The rail material is squeezed by the upper mold 6 and the lower mold 5, so that the rail material is forged and shaped in the die groove 12.

[0052] To solve the problem of material discharge at the end of the pointed rail, Figure 3As shown, when the telescopic base plate 4 is in use, the driver 3 uses the internal motor to drive the driving wheel 11, so that the driving wheel 11 drives the telescopic base plate 4 to move laterally through the tooth groove structure at the bottom of the telescopic base plate 4. When the upper mold 6 performs forging operation on the rail material, the telescopic base plate 4 is in a closed state at the bottom of the lower mold 5. When the pointed rail body 24 performs the discharge operation, the telescopic base plate 4 is in an open state at the bottom of the lower mold 5, so that the upper mold 6 completes the punching operation between the pointed rail body 24 and the edge material when moving downward.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, when the telescopic base plate 4 is in use, the support seat 13 cooperates with the roller rod 14 to assist in supporting the bottom of the telescopic base plate 4. When the telescopic base plate 4 moves, the bottom of the telescopic base plate 4 contacts the roller rod 14, so that the telescopic base plate 4 drives the roller rod 14 to rotate. When the telescopic base plate 4 is closed, one end of the telescopic base plate 4 is inserted into the inner side of the limit clamp 27 and fixed.

[0054] In order to improve the use effect of the pointed rail heel end, Figure 5 As shown, when the upper mold 6 is in use, the upper mold 6 is spliced ​​to the outer surface of the lower end of the lifting plate 8 using the splicing strip 16. When the upper mold 6 is pressed downward, the inclined protrusion 17 of the upper mold 6 contacts the upper surface of the rail material, so that the upper end of the pointed rail body 24 forms a inclined end 23.

[0055] When the movable silo 19 is in use, the electric push rod 9 is used to drive the movable silo 19 so that the movable silo 19 moves at the upper end of the lower mold 5 , thereby adjusting the feeding position at the lower end of the movable silo 19 .

[0056] In order to solve the problem of automatic material unloading during forging of the heel of the pointed rail, Figure 6 and 7 As shown, when the mobile silo 19 is in use, the distance between two adjacent groups of positioning blocks 18 is adjusted according to the length and width of the rail material, so that the two groups of positioning blocks 18 are respectively abutted against the ends of the rail material, so that the positioning blocks 18 and the mold groove 12 remain aligned.

[0057] When the mobile silo 19 is in use, the electric push rod 9 is used to push the mobile silo 19 to the top of the corresponding die groove 12, and the motor drives the rotating rod to open the side rotating bottom plate 20, so that the rail material in the mobile silo 19 is discharged downward.

[0058] When the positioning block 18 is in use, the push-pull rod 21 is used to pull the positioning block 18 to move, the position of the positioning block 18 is adjusted according to the size of the rail material, and then the fastening bolt 22 is used to lock the push-pull rod 21.

[0059] The upper die 6 punches the pointed rail body 24 so that the pointed rail body 24 is discharged downward, so that the edge material is placed on the upper end of the lower die 5, and the pointed rail body 24 falls into the upper end of the feeding trolley 1;

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the forging equipment includes a fixed base 2, a lower die 5 and an upper die 6, the lower die 5 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the upper end of the fixed base 2, the upper die 6 is movably installed above the lower die 5, a fixed top cover 25 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the fixed base 2, the fixed top cover 25 and the upper die 6 are driven by a hydraulic press 26, a lifting plate 8 used in conjunction with the hydraulic press 26 is arranged on the upper end of the upper die 6, the upper die 6 and the lifting plate 8 are spliced ​​and fixed, four guide rods 7 used in conjunction with the lifting plate 8 are arranged between the fixed base 2 and the fixed top cover 25, and a feeding box 10 is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed base 2;

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, a mobile silo 19 is movably installed inside the feeding box 10, and the feeding box 10 and the mobile silo 19 are driven by an electric push rod 9. A telescopic bottom plate 4 is movably installed on the other side of the fixed base 2, and the fixed base 2 and the telescopic bottom plate 4 are driven by an electric push rod 9. A feeding trolley 1 is installed on the inner side of the fixed base 2; Figure 2 As shown, a support seat 13 is provided at the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate 4; Figure 4 As shown, the two ends of the support seat 13 are fixedly connected to the fixed base 2 through a fixed clamp 15, a roller 14 is movably installed on the inner side of the support seat 13, and one end of the telescopic bottom plate 4 is sleeved with a limited clamp 27;

[0062] like Figure 5 and 6 As shown, the upper mold 6 and the lifting plate 8 are spliced ​​and fixed by splicing strips 16, the bottom of the upper mold 6 is provided with a beveled boss 17, and four groups of positioning blocks 18 are movably installed on the inner side of the mobile silo 19. The positioning blocks 18 and the mobile silo 19 are movably connected by a push-pull rod 21, and a fastening bolt 22 is provided at the end of the push-pull rod 21. A side rotating bottom plate 20 is movably installed at the lower end of the mobile silo 19.

[0063] The heel end of the pointed rail processed by traditional technology is a single-bevel structure. Fig. 9 As shown in Figure B, the function of the rail tip is to smoothly transition the train from one track to another. The traditional design of the rail tip causes the train wheels to roll over the rail tip for a long time, which is the deformation of the rail tip. This causes the wheels to bump when in contact with the rail tip, and regular grinding and maintenance of the rail tip is required.

[0064] To this end, by setting the lower die 5 and the upper die 6, when the turnout rail heel end precision forging process is used, the inclined surface convex head 17 is used so that the rail heel end is made as follows: Fig. 9The structure shown in Figure A in the middle forms a double-bevel structure at its end, allowing the train to smoothly complete the transition operation between the two sets of tracks, while reducing the wear and deformation of the heel end of the pointed rail and reducing its subsequent maintenance costs;

[0065] During operation, the rail material after upsetting and shaping is placed in the die groove 12 by using the mobile material bin 19. The multiple die grooves 12 on the lower die 5 enable it to complete the forging and shaping of multiple groups of pointed rail heels at the same time. The driver 3 drives the driving wheel 11 by using the internal motor, so that the driving wheel 11 drives the telescopic bottom plate 4 to move horizontally through the tooth groove structure at the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate 4. When the upper die 6 is forging the rail material, the telescopic bottom plate 4 is in a closed state at the bottom of the lower die 5. When the pointed rail body 24 is moved forward, the telescopic bottom plate 4 is moved horizontally. During the discharge operation, the telescopic bottom plate 4 is in an open state at the bottom of the lower mold 5, so that the upper mold 6 can complete the punching operation between the point rail body 24 and the edge material when moving downward. When the upper mold 6 is in use, the upper mold 6 is spliced ​​to the outer surface of the lower end of the lifting plate 8 by using the splicing card strip 16. When the upper mold 6 is pressed down, the inclined convex head 17 of the upper mold 6 contacts the upper surface of the rail material, so that the upper end of the point rail body 24 forms a bevel end head 23, which is matched with the point rail heel end structure pressed by the lower mold 5. Fig. 9 As shown in Figure A, a sloped end 23 is formed at the upper part of one end of the pointed rail body 24. The sloped end 23 is inclined from one end to the other end in a triangular structure. When the train switches tracks, its wheels contact one end of the sloped end 23 of the pointed rail body 24. The design of the sloped structure can reduce the resistance between the wheels and the pointed rail body 24, so that the train wheels can smoothly switch tracks and reduce the wear of the heel of the pointed rail.

[0066] Secondly, when the heel of the pointed rail is being forged, it is necessary to manually remove the material from the heel of the pointed rail. The heel of the pointed rail after forging is in a high temperature state as a whole. Manual material removal is very dangerous, and the separation and material removal operation of the heel of the pointed rail cannot be completed synchronously during the forging process, which reduces its work efficiency.

[0067] To this end, by providing the telescopic bottom plate 4 and the support seat 13, when the turnout uses the precision forging process for the heel end of the pointed rail, the use of the lower die 5 and the upper die 6 is optimized, so that the lower die 5 and the upper die 6 can not only complete the forging and shaping of the heel end of the pointed rail, but also complete the automatic discharge of the heel end of the pointed rail;

[0068] During operation, the position adjustment of the telescopic bottom plate 4 can be used to complete the switch control of the bottom of the lower mold 5. When the pointed rail body 24 is discharging, the motor is used to drive the driving wheel 11 to rotate, so that the driving wheel 11 drives the telescopic bottom plate 4 to move outward using the tooth groove structure. The telescopic bottom plate 4 is in an open state at the bottom of the lower mold 5, so that the upper mold 6 completes the punching operation between the pointed rail body 24 and the edge material when moving downward. When the telescopic bottom plate 4 is in use, the support seat 13 cooperates with the roller 14 to assist in supporting the telescopic bottom plate 4. The bottom of the plate 4, when the telescopic bottom plate 4 moves, the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate 4 contacts the roller 14, so that the telescopic bottom plate 4 drives the roller 14 to rotate, and when the telescopic bottom plate 4 is closed, one end of the telescopic bottom plate 4 is inserted into the inner side of the limit clamp 27 for fixing, and the support seat 13 cooperates with the roller 14 to provide auxiliary support to the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate 4 when it is closed. The pointed rail body 24 punched by the upper mold 6 is discharged from the lower end of the lower mold 5, so that the pointed rail body 24 falls into the upper end of the feeding cart 1 for transfer operation;

[0069] Secondly, when the heel end of the pointed rail is forged and formed, the rail material after upsetting and forming needs to be placed in the mold and the mold is used to press the rail material. However, the rail material is prone to misalignment during manual installation, which makes it impossible for the rail material and the mold to be accurately connected, thereby reducing its forging effect;

[0070] To this end, by providing a positioning block 18 and a movable material bin 19, when the turnout is used in the precision forging process for the sharp rail heel end, it is possible to accurately complete the loading operation of the sharp rail heel ends of different specifications, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the sharp rail heel end and avoiding the misalignment phenomenon during the forging operation;

[0071] When in use, the mobile silo 19 is used to adjust the distance between the two adjacent groups of positioning blocks 18 according to the length and width of the rail material, so that the two groups of positioning blocks 18 are respectively abutted against the ends of the rail material, so that the positioning blocks 18 and the mold groove 12 remain aligned. When the positioning blocks 18 are in use, the push-pull rod 21 is used to pull the positioning blocks 18 to move, and the position of the positioning blocks 18 is adjusted according to the size of the rail material. The push-pull rod 21 is then locked with the fastening bolt 22, and the mobile silo 19 is pushed to the top of the corresponding mold groove 12 by the electric push rod 9, and the side rotating bottom plate 20 is opened by the motor-driven rotating rod, so that the rail material in the mobile silo 19 is discharged downward.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The precision forging process of the heel end of the switch rail is characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Send the rail material into a heating furnace for heating, take it out and keep it warm to make the temperature of the rail material uniform, and use the upsetting hydraulic equipment to upset the heated rail material to adjust its size and shape; Step 2: placing the upset rail material in a movable silo (19) of the forging equipment, and placing the rail material into the interior of the lower die (5) by moving the movable silo (19); Step 3, starting the hydraulic press (26), so that the hydraulic press (26) drives the upper mold (6) to move downward, so that the upper mold (6) squeezes the rail material in the mold groove (12) to form a pointed rail body (24); Step 4, using the driver (3) to move the telescopic bottom plate (4) outward so that the lower part of the die groove (12) is opened, and the upper die (6) is repeatedly driven to move downward to complete the punching operation of the pointed rail body (24); When the upper die (6) is in use, the hydraulic press (26) drives the lifting plate (8) so that the lifting plate (8) moves up and down along the guide rod (7), and the lifting plate (8) simultaneously drives a plurality of groups of upper dies (6) to move downward, so that the upper dies (6) are placed in the die groove (12) of the lower die (5), and the rail material is squeezed by the upper die (6) and the lower die (5), so that the rail material is forged and shaped in the die groove (12); When the telescopic bottom plate (4) is in use, the driver (3) drives the driving wheel (11) by means of the internal motor, so that the driving wheel (11) drives the telescopic bottom plate (4) to move laterally through the tooth groove structure at the bottom of the telescopic bottom plate (4). When the upper die (6) performs a forging operation on the rail material, the telescopic bottom plate (4) is in a closed state at the bottom of the lower die (5). When the pointed rail body (24) performs a discharge operation, the telescopic bottom plate (4) is in an open state at the bottom of the lower die (5), so that the upper die (6) completes a punching operation between the pointed rail body (24) and the edge material when moving downward. When the upper mold (6) is in use, the upper mold (6) is spliced ​​to the outer surface of the lower end of the lifting plate (8) by using a splicing clip (16). When the upper mold (6) is pressed downward, the inclined convex head (17) of the upper mold (6) contacts the upper surface of the rail material, so that the upper end of the pointed rail body (24) forms an inclined end head (23).

2. The precision forging process for the heel end of the switch rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the telescopic base plate (4) is in use, the support seat (13) cooperates with the roller rod (14) to assist in supporting the bottom of the telescopic base plate (4); when the telescopic base plate (4) moves, the bottom of the telescopic base plate (4) contacts the roller rod (14), so that the telescopic base plate (4) drives the roller rod (14) to rotate; when the telescopic base plate (4) is closed, one end of the telescopic base plate (4) is inserted into the inner side of the limit clamping seat (27) and fixed.

3. The precision forging process for the heel end of the switch rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the movable material bin (19) is in use, the electric push rod (9) is used to drive the movable material bin (19) so that the movable material bin (19) moves at the upper end of the lower mold (5), thereby adjusting the feeding position of the lower end of the movable material bin (19).

4. The precision forging process for the heel end of the switch rail according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the mobile material bin (19) is in use, the distance between two adjacent groups of positioning blocks (18) is adjusted according to the length and width of the rail material, so that the two groups of positioning blocks (18) respectively abut against the ends of the rail material, and the positioning blocks (18) and the die grooves (12) remain aligned.

5. The precision forging process for the heel end of the switch rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the mobile silo (19) is in use, the electric push rod (9) is used to push the mobile silo (19) to the top of the corresponding die groove (12), and the motor is used to drive the rotating rod to open the side rotating bottom plate (20), so that the rail material in the mobile silo (19) is discharged downward.

6. The process for precision forging of the heel end of a switch rail according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the positioning block (18) is in use, the push-pull rod (21) is used to pull the positioning block (18) to move, the position of the positioning block (18) is adjusted according to the size of the rail material, and the fastening bolt (22) is then used to lock the push-pull rod (21).

7. The precision forging process for the heel end of a switch rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper mold (6) punches the pointed rail body (24) so ​​that the pointed rail body (24) is discharged downward, and the edge material is placed on the upper end of the lower mold (5), so that the pointed rail body (24) falls into the upper end of the feeding trolley (1).

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